Bulletin of miscellaneous information /Royal Gardens at Kew.

~~ d
QN |
B4327
Pur AP'G l£249.|900
ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

XO xr
A
X

BULLETIN

OF

MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.

1899. - 700

e "HE 5
Ms Er!
d gots
Sass ag Aud

LONDO
PRINTED FOR HIS MAJESTY ^ ‘STATIONERY OFFICE,
Br DARLING & SON, Lro., 34-40, Baco; E.

And to be purchased, either directly or through any Bookseller, from
EYRE & en East Harpine STREET, Tue STREET, EC. "

OLIVER YD, EDINBURGH
or E. PONSONBY, 116, Grarron Patron DUBLIN.

1901. TE
Price Three Shillings.

CONTENTS.

Date. Article, Subject, Page.
1899.
Jan, and Feb. DOXXXV. Cacao Disease in Trinidad (with plate) 1
ka DCXXXVI. Coccid Pests on Sugar-can 6
6 XXXVII. Moss Flora of the Royal Gardens, Kew 7
j DOXXXVIII, | Miscellaneous Notes 17
Mar.andApr| DOXXXIX, Plant Diseases. Tree
else melleus) with ee 25
" DCXL. Artificial Production of India-rubber... | 27
PR DOXLI, Rubber Industry .. E 29
» DOXLII, agascar India-rubber 35
5 DCXLIII, Skirret em Sisarum) ... 39
» DCXLIV. Cacao in Ecuador 42
” DCXLV, Improvement of Sugar-cane by Chemi-
ection 45
" DCXLVI. A Budget dar Yunnan Continued) . 46
» DCXLVII. Miscellaneous Notes 50
MayandJune| DOXLVIII | Camphor ( stet. Camphora) . 51
» DCXLIX, Peruvian Rub 68
n DCL. Eucalyptus Timber from West Australia 72
” DCLI. Miscellaneous Notes 75
Julyand Aug. DCLII Tea, and Coffee Diseases s (with plate)... | 89
n DCLIII, Flora of British New Guinea . 2». 95
» New Orchids—Decades 23 and 24 126
” DCLYV. Miscellaneous Notes .. 133
Sept. and Oct, DCLVI, Revision of the Genus Tilletia sient
a plate) ave oe 141
- Central American Rubber Sos a PI i
” DCLVIII Fungi Exotici, IL d v ]108
” CLIX Mangabeira Rubber _... eis « | 185
» aneous Notes ... = 1191
Nov. and Dec DCLXI Jarrah and Karri... re es ta
” DCLXII Maromba Vine Disease in Portugal. 213
» DCLXIII sinn Pap ing Blocks. i 216
” DCLXIV. . Lungan Pul 219
” re ee Notes, 220
Appendix I. - - List of seeds of hardy herbaceous |
plants and of trees and shrubs 1
„ H- — New garden plants of the year 1898 ... | 37
n II. — Botanical ME Up d at home = ;
abroad ... 55
s IV — Catalogue of the Library. proven
received during 1898 .

TC

M.

FAN

I r N SE

rea

1

a

CX
Not
A Nee

scs e ir enara t an aer eae

Med &

Exel «Ris
~~

‘ wN

E E TORE

$

ak,

ey

oerte nt or iq race

*

Cacao disease.

ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

BDULLITIN

OF

MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.

Nos. 145-146.] JANUARY and FEBRUARY. (1899.

DCXXXV.—CACAO DISEASE IN TRINIDAD.
(With Plate.)

The cultivation of cacao is an important industry in many
British colonies. This is especially the case in Trinidad, where
the crop has recently suffered (as is sooner or later the fate of all
cultural industries) from disease

The facts are detailed in the ‘following correspondence. The
preliminary steps in their investigation reflect great credit on the
Superintendent of the Royal Botanic Gardens. m complete
discussion required the technical assistance of Kev

*
GOVERNOR OF TRINIDAD TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

Government House, Trinidad,

SIR, December 20, 1898.
THE ibi degen o E the Trinidad. Botanie Gardens will
forward to your department by the present mail specimens of

cacao pods attacked by a fungus which is reported to be doing

serious damage to the cacao in certain districts of this — and
which, unless checked, may, it is feared, prove disastrous to that
industry.

It is hardly necessary for me to assure you that this Government
will be very thankful for such early assistance and advice in the
matter as it may be in Mp o to afford
etc.,

ER oe E.H. JERNINGHAM,.
K Governor.
* Sir W. T ‚ Thiselton-Dye u

2 Royal Gardens, Kew. —

3242—1375—7)99 Wt92 D&S en

SUPERINTENDENT, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, TRINIDAD,
TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

Botanical gio e Trinida
SIR December 17, "808,

FORWARD you by this mail a set of specimens of a disease
affecting growing cacao pods, which is said in some distriets to
cause a loss of as much as 50 per cent. of the crop.

The question has been up some cmm and I have had several
sets of specimens for examination. Up to December 8, however,
I had never been able to reproduce the Ta in healthy pods
by inoculation

n receipt of diseased pods from Mr. T. H. Warner, Warden
of Tacarigua, a Government officer of high standing, I commenced
a microscopic examination and found a fungus s permetti the

decay, and in two instances the lower part of the pod. Placed in
a damp chamber, the whole pod rapidly became covered with the
fungus, and in an ordinary atmosphere the same took place less
rapidly.

4. With a view of ae en whether = fungus was parasitic
or ogee eet I made roscopic examination and procured
spores, which I placed in a et slit in the skin of healthy pods.

spores on all sides of the pods. One hundred per cent. of arti-
i wem pods rotted a

5. I send some portions preserved in formalin solution, an
parts dried and some fresh-packed in dry charcoal. If m
specimens are required = shall be glad to take instructions as pH
preparation for the journ

6. It appears to me that it would be well to suggest uM applica-
tion of * Bordeaux Mixture," and the picking and burning of all
infected pods, dressings to take place after the collection of the
rotten pods.

7. The disease appears to me to be essentially an outside disease,
and obtains entrance through wounds or punctures from any cause.
It may be possible that insect-punctures would enable the spores
_ to gain access to the pods. It is certain that a cut or incision will.

Yours faithfully,

The Direc (Signed) J, H. HART.

Ba Gardens; Kew.

ee ROYAL BOTANIC EBEN. TRINIDAD,
O ROYAL GARDENS, KEW

Botanical Department, eg
SIR, = ry 5, 1899.
H regard to cacao pod

deme collected since last in m as us submit pi)
sited the infected estate, and found the disease rampant
2 pan
l shells hal bee and damp places, especially where heaps of broken
lls been ee to rot upon the pun On the ridges

3

and in dry places little disease appears, except where pods ha
m EDS under the trees and the shells have been allowed k
1e

3. After the pods are un by the "fungus—which has
lance-shaped spores—it is n taken possession of by numerous
saprophytic uns which ee eradicate all trace of the
original destroye

4. If the füripts is new, I suggest. = should be named after
Mr. Bain, who first called attention

5. Mr. Bain reports that, by alati out all diseased pods and
destroying at once all shells of the opened. he has checked the
disease on his estate.

E I have again reproduced the disease in numerous healthy

: 7. Bo far as can be judged by Mr. pene 8 esa eni cacao
in Ceylon has the pods affected by ar The
deseription of the trees and the a s gite cin that miis in

eylon has a much lower vitality han in Tfinidad, and con-
re is more liable to dis

8 e pod-disease is naeh: no new thing. Planters say it
has been noted for years, but not so bad as this year.

Yours faithfully,
The Director (Signed) J. H. HART.
Royal Gardens, Kew.

The living material forwarded by Mr. Hart reached Kew in
excellent condition for examination, exhibiting every p
ES isease, and growing vigorously when placed egy
rie conditions. Ample spirit material — also sent.

oscopic examination revealed the presence of two
fung parasites; one being the well seers Phytophthora
omnivora, De Bary, a species closely allied to Phytophthora in-
Jestans, De Bary, the cause of the potato disease ; the other a
Nectria, which proves to be new to science, and will ‘be known as
Nectria Bainii, the name suggested by Mr. Hart, in compliment
to Mr. Bain, who first called attention to the disease.

The Phytophthora Sie -— on all the pods sent, and may be
considered as the cause of the present Tor in Trinidad. The
same or a closely allied species seven o be the cause of the cacao-

rab in Ceylon.

The Nectria appeared on two pods, this again poss
many points in common PR the Fama itch has caused euch
destruction to cacao trees in Ceylon by attacking the bark of the
trunk and branches, as | esse by Mr. J. B. Carruthers. At
present no mention is made of other than the pod-disease in Trini-
dad, but the fact of a ae Nectria being present necessitates the
prompt execution of m caleulated to prevent the parasite
from extending its Sic

3242 AT

+

4

PHYTOPHTHORA OMNIVORA, De Bary.

This fungus, as indicated by its specific name, is not fastidious
in its choice of a victim, and has been recorded as attacking various
species of plants belonging to the following genera : Acer, Alonsod,
Abies, Cleome, Clarkia, Cereus, Epilobium, Fagopyrum, Fagus,

ilia, Larix, Lepidium, Melocactus, (Enothera, Picea, Pinus,
Solanum, Sempervivum, Salpiglossis.

If the fungus is confined to the fruit of the cacao tree it is
obvious that infection each season must necessarily be derived

from som 1
probability often produced on diseased fruit or “shells” lying on

g
on some other kind of host-plant. This may appear to be poor
consolation. However it is well to be in possession of all known
facts and possibilities in connection with the subject under con-
sideration. The life-history cf the fungus is well known, having
been carefully studied by De Bary, Hartig, and others.

The conidial form of fruit appears as a very delicate white

. Will continuo to spread. But the
. Other wild plants, and thus become fi

5

€

The following measures should be taken to combat the disease :—

i. Spray with Bordeaux mixture, commencing sy the pods

are quite young, and continue at intervals of ten da

dilute solution should first be used until its effect on the fruit
and foliage is ascertained. A small quantity of dried blood should
be dissolved and added to the mixture; its adhesive property is
re increased, and fewer sprayings are required.

Remove all diseased fruit from the tree if ee
diss a continuous supply of conidia will be furnished until the
fruit decays. Do not allow diseased fruit or “shells” to tae
on the ground. All such should be collected and burned.

iii. Endeavour to sini by careful examination, whether
the fungus may not be also parasitic on other hosts; it very
frequently attacks seedlings, and would be recognised by the
wilting of the attacked parts, and by the delicate white mould-like
conidial form of reproduction.

NECTRIA BAINII, Massee.

This parasite causes semicircular $i blotches to appear on the
pods, the diseased portion becoming soft and watery. Ata later
Stage the blotches become covered with a loosely interwoven layer
of yellowish-rust coloured or orange mycelium which is studded
over with the minute bright red perithecia or fruiting organs of
the fun

The perithecia are often preceded by a small snow-white
Fusarium-like mould, which, from analogy with other species,
may be a conidial condition of the eh, ia. But the connection
has not however been proved by culture

This parasite may possibly be quite mee but great care should
be taken to arrest any attempt on the part of the fungus to attack
the trunk of the pe tree, for as already stated the destructive
canker disease of the cacao in Ceylon is caused by a Nectria.

Nectria Bainii, Massee. Perithecia gregaria, mycelio maculi-
formi MU Lp a vel aurantiaco insidentia, sphaeroidea,
rubra, lanosa, demum supra calvescentia, 300-350 a ee Tod
cylindracco-clavati, breviter pedicellati, octospori, 80-90 x 7-9 u.
Spore distiche, oo eee utrinque subacute, gebe
10-12 x 5 u, hyalin GEO . MASSEE. :

Fig. 1. Phytophthora omnivora ; Section of a portion of a cacao
fruit, showing the conidial form of reproduction of the fungus
on the surface, x 300.

2. A conidium of the same germinating, x 300.

3. Oospores of the same produced in the diseased tissue of a
cacao fruit, x

4. Pustule of Nectria bursting through the skin of a cacao -
fruit, and producing the conidial form of So Neale ia x 40.

5. Portion of the conidial n of HUE

6. Free conidia of game, x

6

-T. Nectria- hts Surface view of sporophores seated on a
byssoid stroma, x 50.

8. Three perithecia in different stages of development, showing
the byssoid hata of the exterior.

Sci, x

- 10. Germinating spores of same, x 400.

ll. Asci of a saprophy tic species of Nectria appearing after the
- fruit is dead, x 400.

2. Spore of same showing the granular protoplasm ; the

epispore is smooth, x 1000.

.DOXXXVI--COCCID PESTS ON SUGAR CANE.

In the Kew Report ae 1877, p. 39, reference is made to Coccids
or scale insects, that had ravag ged the cane fields of Bourbon
and Mauritius, known locally as “le pou a poche blanc he.”
Mr. Robert McLachlan, F.R.S., pointed out that this was a
collective name, and probably cadet several species. The most
prominent at the time was believed to be Icer ya sacchari, Guérin-
Méneville.

omewhat similar insects pss made their appearance on sugar
cane in Queensland. One of these was afterwards identified as
Icerya Purchasi, Maskell, fully described (with a coloured plate)
in Kew Bulletin A puse pp. 191-216).

In 1887, correspondence relating to the attacks of Coccids

i forest on in the island of Rodrigues Pie referred to Kew
specimens by the Secretary of State for the Colonies.

Mr. McLachlan had little doubt that these ned were identical

with those that * had long been known to ei Koss damage

in the neighbouring islands of Bourbon and Mau

. The following further information has been diede respecting

the Mauritius insects :—

Mr. T. D. A. COCKERELL TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

Agricultural Experiment Station,
Mesilla Park, New mmm
.. DEAR SIR, y 15, 1898.
uü HE note on the moth-borers of the ees iti» in Kew —
Bulletin, 1898, p. 102, suggests that you may like to have the
latest information on the Coccid pest of sugar-canes in Mauritius,
if this information has not ‘ically reached you from elsewhere.

In 1864, M. E. Icery, in a memoir presented to the Chamber of — .

Agriculture i in Mauritius, gave an account of a Coccid which had
done much injury to Sugar-cane in that island. He called it “le
nche.

: wader the seis “pou à bouts blanche ” union, been confused three

. Coceids, which he called -Coccus sacchari, Gasteralphes Lose, :

‘The first species was described and named by Guérin-Méneville 7

ch
and Lecanium Guerinii, and also an aleurodid, Alewrodes Berg

a himself ; the other three were — by Signoret:- —--

7
.. Gasteralphes Iceryi is now known as Pulvinaria gasteralpha
-(Ieery) ; and Coccus m. i s Icerya seychellarum el):
Of these two, the former till imperfectly known ; but the
latter is well known, and p been found in Madeira, Sey-
chelles, aede Mauritius, Hong Kong, on "iA and
Formosa. It occurs in China on rose and Podocarpus

Without citing dis rather copious bibliography, it will suffice to
say that since the early seventies it has been held that the real
culprit in Mauritius was the Icerya sacchari.

The late Mr. W. M. Maskell, in Trans. New Zealand Institute
for 1896, p. 320, records that he received some of the sugar-cane
coccid from Mauritius, through Mr. Lounsbury of Cape Town ;
and it was not an Jcerya, but to his surprise it turned out to be
ES sacchari, Ckll., which I had described from Trinidad

B. W. I.) in 1895. It was understood that it occurred with
Saeed ne A ae n" and the two species are ,confoun ded by the
residents under the name of ‘pou blanc'"; Mr. Maskell still
supposed that the latter was the principal offender.

But in a letter dated ae 29, 1897, Mr. Maskell wrote me: :—
“Note in my paper of 1896 your Dactylop ius sacchari from

Mauritius. In a letter m received from that island, I am told
that Icerya sacchari never does any harm whatsoever to sugar-
cane, and that it is, in fact, never seen on that plant, even

ee; en we have all been wrong about it for the
ast five and twenty yea
There can be little teats that the Dactylopius sacchari is of
eastern origin, though it happened to be first described from
Trinidad.
Yours very truly,
(Signed) THEO. D. A. COCKERELL.

DCXXXVIL—MOSS FLORA OF THE ROYAL
GARDENS, KEW.

In the Kew Bulletin er a (p. 115) it was pmi out that of
the half a square mile pied by the Royal Gardens and some
adjacent pieces of. Boys So above a third or “ Mni hundred
acres is little disturbed = any kind of cultivation, and it has
certainly remained so for at least a century and a half. Some
portions may never poss sH "uve been subjected to cultivation at
all. Itis not surprising, therefore, that in the background of horti-
cultural treatment there still subsists enn wild fauna and flora of no
inconsiderable dimensions. These, as opportunity — it is
biet to work out and catalogue from time to time.

ring plants were ur by Mr. N a. in the
er nal E Donen for 1875 ; the fungi by M Mr. Massee in the Kew
Bulletin (l.c., pp. 115-167). pm is indebted to Mr. p 8.

)
Salmon for a further instalment towards a complete genie ee

of the flora in the list of mosses now published, which, Meet
introductory remarks below, is from his pen.

-8

the Thames has been added so as to make the area the same as
c ae by Mr. George adem for his * Wild Flora of
Kew Gard
'To anyone unacquainted with the wild parts of Kew Gardens it
may seem incautious to consider as indigenous any of the mosses
now found growing within these limits. But it is only with

and
to them, that a probability of introduction exists. In many
places in the Gardens, ¢.g., the boundary ditch and bank running
. the length of the Old Deer Park, the Queen's Cottage Grounds,

parts of the Palace grounds, etc. „ the nature of the surface

makes it quite safe to consider the species growing there as
indigenous. The inclusion of the river-bank in the area has
led to Mie ‘addition of several interesting aquatic mosses, and,
without doubt, = these are quite wild.

species are absent from the list, while, on the

ci
other hand, rare species occur ini
Amblystegium Kochii, which hitherto e only been known as

occurring in Britain in a single locality in Sussex, where it was : |
found by Mitten, occurs at Kew in one or two places by the Thames. -

together with A. varium, Fissidens crassipes , Physcomitrium
pyriforme, Leskea polycarpa, Cinclidotus fontinaloides, etc.

f other interesting species, Unium cuspidatum, M. stellare, —
Bryum Donii, Tortula intermedia, Trichostomum tortuosum, —
Encalı ypta streptocar; pa, d pona lurida, and Neckera crispa have

ed onl ab

Ba quei DE I a at P MU I TN

been noticed only i out the Rockery ; and, for reasons =

mentioned above; iut re mast remain doubtful.

n the other hand, the following species (amongst others) are

certainly wild :— Pol; ytrichum formosum, Plagiothecium borreri-
m, Pleuridium azillare, P. subula atum, P. alternifolium, F un-
aria ja fascicularis, Tortula- marginata, Fissidens pusillus, F. exilis,
F. ineurvus, F. viridulus, Leptobryum pyriforme, Acaulo
muticum and var. mediterraneum, Bartramia pomiformis, Ephe-
merum serratum, Aulacomnium androgynum, Dicranum Bon-
jeani, Thamnium alopecurum, Hurha pes piliferum, and
E. a litanum.
I have to thank Mr. George Massee Er a list, accompanied by

specimens, of 20 Kew TE collected by him in previous years. -
Five of them, which I have not been ea to refind, are included |

- in the list on his tbo. em ost cases the habitats of er
species have become changed through. improvements u
species are very probably now los

dus diu followed is that d Dixon‘ s « “Seen
| Handbook of British Men"

9

I have Due specimens of the more interesting species in the
Kew Herba
Pi linao of the aaa used :—

A. Arbor

B. Botanic "Garten.

P. Palace and Herkärtumt Grounds.
Q. Queen’s Cottage Grounds.

R. Rockery.

Catharinea undulata, Web. et Moh
Common, and ruiting freely in all the drier places, as in the
Rockery, where it forms luxuriant patches.

Polytrichum aloides, Hedw.
In several places along the boundary ditch by the Old Deer Park,
between the Lion Gate and Queen’s Cottage ; fruit not seen.

P. piliferum, ES 2% eb.
Not uncommo dry places; abundant along the boundary
ditch with die last species ; sandy banks near the lake, etc. ;
occasionally fruiting.

P. juni perinum, Willd.
. Abundant in dry places throughout the Gardens; frequently
fruiting.

P. formosum, Hedw
Fairly common in sandy p in the open, and also under
trees ; fruiting i in the Arbore

A curious Polytrichum, Hanc CABE in some characters between
P. formosum and P. gi acile, MUS occurs in a few places along the
boundary ditch by the Old r Park. In this form the leaf-base,

Ss
broad, as is ms n P. en e Dixon, — Hand-
book, p. 46), shows ad areolation similar to th EP. Or
the ‘atta being Soin paratively wide, and only 341 dies as long a.
broad. Occasionally, ae the plant ems a further approach
towards gracile, as some of the leaves have a rather wide limb in
the upper part of the leaf, and frequently the lamelle are.only
about 40 in number.

Mr. W. E. Nicholson and Mr. Dixon at first referred the
plant to P. gr pee, Dicks, relying especially on the short wide
basal areolat I have just heard from Mr. Dixon, a ged
that Mr. Die ll, to PL specimens of the Kew plant wer
submitted, thinks that it should be referred to P. formosum, iid
that Mr. Dixon h himself is now inclined to agree with the view
that it is nearer that Ve than P. gracile, ponh still "Pied
that there is an approach to the form of areolation of the lat
Only barren plants of this form, which is re native, ul d
far been found.

Pleuridium axillare, Lindb. (c. fr.)
In the Bamboo Garden and near the Pumping Station. Occurs
commonly in pots in the Glass-houses, where the leaf cells become p
very lax. oni rect TRUE Ioni Ata

10

P. subulatum, cere (6, Er);
N ot uncommon sandy ground ; about the lake and on the
islands ; Bamboo Gattis Tulip Tree Avenue

P. alternifolium, Rabenh.

< fre).
A. bare places near the Tale Rose Garden, on earth adhering
to stum mps.

Ceratodon purpureus, Brid.
Abundant and common in fruit Benson the area.

Dicranella heteromalla, Schim
Abundant and fruiting in all the drier places.

D. cerviculata, Schimp. (c. fr.).
Kew Gardens (unlocalised, Massee, 1897).

D. varia, Schimp. oe

n mud thrown up from a ditch, near Pumping Station, in fruit
eas 1897).

cranum Bonjeani, De Not.

Q. Abundant in one place, barren ; A. pinetum ; B. small form,
growing on a bank, with a very different habit from the type, is
referred to this species by Mr. Dixon with the following note :—
* I think your Dicranum must be Bonjeani from the general ‘tone’

D. scoparium, Hedw.
Common in dry places under trees, amongst grass, etc. ; barren.

Fissidens exilis, Hedw. (c. fr.).

A., on the ws island (from culvert end) in the lake; Q., in
an open spae

F. viridulus, Harini (6, fi.

» on a loose stone; boundary ditch near the riv ®
stones embedded” fü the bank near the other (Lion Gate) adi of
the boundary ditch.

Var. Lylei, Wils
Some of the plants from the first locality given above have
leaves which, by being peces except on the vaginant-lamin®,
must be referred to this variety

F. aped Wils. (c. fr.).

» on brick steps; R., on stones, Abundant on the sand-
stone eg = the Winter Garden
.. F. incurvus, Starke (c. fr.)
Q., side of the nn diteh.

F. bryoides, H
Very common ; fruiting both in wet places, such as the banks
o ot hd bm. and on dry sandy banks. |

11

F. crassipes, Wils. (c. fr.).

y the riverside, on wood ; often submerged at high tide; B., on
mortar, wall of tank in at Ground (Massee, 1897). One of
Ts uus E of the Kew mosses, and occurring in fair

the first-mentioned locality. The thick seta easily
distinga ie this species in the field.

F. taxifolius, Hedw.
Not uncommon in damp rd about the lake; river-side ;
Palace Grounds ; not found in fruit

Grimmia pulvinata, Sn. (c. fr.).
R., on stones ; P., on the wall by the river.

Acaulon muticum, C. Müll. (c. fr.)

On third island (from Culvert end) in the lake, on stiff clay ; and
(A. mediterraneum, Braithw.) A., sandy ground near the west
end of the lake ; P., sandy bank (Nicholson ).

I do not think that the plant described by Braithwaite under the
name of “ Acaulon mediterraneum, Limpr.,” in the British ries
Flora, i, p. 301, deserves to rank "hi gher Tent a variety of .
muticum.

O 7 bank near Bexhill, Sussex, I have collected an
Acanlon, in which the long inner bract is completely wrapped

uit, and the plants are tall, and sometimes slightly
ae, —in fac ct, agreeing well with A. medii ierraneum as described
in the British Moss Flora, (loc. cit.) Dr. Rue Pig pare
with me in referring the plant to that species. Of the W speci-
mens of Acaulon, those from the damp ground of the Tid i in the
lake have connivent subequal bracts, and capsules scarcely, or not
at all apiculate, Hehe from the sandy ground have unequal bracts,
with the inner longer one more or less een and vem fig ac
minutely apiculate. I have, however, seen so many plants, from
other localities, presenting exactly di charaoters, ‘that I
am strongly of opinion that “ A mediterraneum ” is not specifi-
nm distinct from A. muticum, but i is to be regarded as a variety

t

"A mediterraneum, Limpr.,” does not agree at all well with
Limpricht's original diagnosis. ee er FI. ined ng
land, iv. (1885) p. 180 Brait mphasizes the c

p. Dr. hw

olute bract, and describes the plant as ue than A. nuit: `
Limpricht says that his species is smaller than A. muticum, with
leaves OMA not (or some AA ee are capsule visible
from , and does not mention the convolute inner bract,
nor the aplealate caps sale; A. nen: as described by
Limpricht, seems altogether nearer to A. muticum, var. minus,
than to the vn described and figured by Dr. Braithwaite as
Limpricht's specie

Phascum scsi cd: Schreb. (c. fr.).

Frequent in bare places among the grass ; on paths, &c.
Var. schreberianum, Brid.

Bare places among the gorse, west end of the lake.

ee img Lindb. (c. fr.).
Not . Nurseries, &c.

12
tee ambigua, Angstr. (c. fr.).
R. (Massee, 1897).

T. marginata, Spruce. (c. fr.). eps

R., abundant on stones; P., brick steps. Certainly indigenous.
T. muralis, Hedw. (c. fr.).

Abundant every where, on "walls and stones.
Var. estiva, Brid.

Fernery, one or two tufts of a diei: marked state of this variety.

T. en
R. l tufts, n and there, on the stones, barren ; also:
fh a 1897).

Barbula rubella, Mitt. (c. fr.).
R. Common.

B. fallax, Hedw.
Not uncommon ; riverside and gardens, occasionally fruiting.
B. hornschuchiana, Schultz.
Among the grass, near the lake, barren.
B. revoluta, Brid.
RS ta several places, barren ; also in fruit (Massee, 1897).
B. unguiculata, Hedw
` Common throughout the gardens, rarely fruiting.

B. lurida, Lindb.
R. Spari ingly, and barren.

B. vinealis, Brid.
. In several places, barren.

Weisia squarrosa, C. Müll. (c. fr.).
On mud thrown up from a ditch, near pumping station, in fru
(Massee, 1897). ;
W. viridula, Hedw. (c. fr.).
Q., common along the foundry € ditch.
Trichostomum tortuosum, Dixo
R. Very sparingly and et on ee
Cinclidotus fontinaloides, P. Beau
Not uncommon by the river, fruiting Ee:
Sear eid en sha baden t Hedw.
ones, bar
Orthotrichum anomalum, Hedw. var. saxatile, Milde. (c. fr.).
R., a few tufts ; on a wall, by the river-side.
"E affine, Schrad. (c. fr.).
. By the river-side, very sparingly, on a stone wall.
E diaphanum, Schrad. e Bs
Wall, I the koii sparingly

B-

Ephemerum serratum, Hampe (c. fr.).
On a bank near the south end of the lake.

Physcomitrium pyriforme, Brid.
Patches of fruiting plants here and there by the river-side.

Funaria fascicularis, Schimp.
few fruiting plants, on a sandy bank, with Bartramia
pomiformis, certainly native. A. Mr.G. N Nicholson and Mr.
Hoimes have gathered it near the flagstaff, but it has now dis-
appeared from this locality.

F. hygrometrica, Sibth. (c. fr.).
Abundant everywhere—in the driest places, as on cinders, as
well as by the river-side,.where it is often submerged.

Aulacomnium androgynum, Schwaeg.
Q. Gemmiferous state; on elder tree. A. On a tree near the
flagstaff. 7

Bartramia pomiformis, Hedw.
Q., quite wild; boundary ditch; P. In both places with a few
capsules.

Leptobryum pyriforme, Wils.
R. Not uncommon ; fruiting on stones. P. On ground, among
grass. Occurs commonly in pots in the ee foreing-

Webera oe Hedw. (c. fr.).
Common, Q., on stumps; A., Bamboo garden, &c.

W. carnea, Schimp.
Barren ; bamboo garden ; river-side.

sv inclinatum, Bland.
R., in fruit ; A., Rose garden.

B. pallens, Sw.

„on a wet bank ; a dark-green form with numerous proto-
nematoid branches.

Mr. Dixon Dump on it: “I believe your Bryum is a form of
B. pallens. It has the peculiar areolation of that which is some-
what hard to define, decurrent leaves, etc. The var. speciosum
is something like it, but not quite the same. The t tips of the
branches show a little of the characteristic vinous red of pallens.
The gemmiform threads I should take'to be an abnormal out-
growth such as one finds in mosses growing in unusually damp
situations.

B. a Schwaeg. |
By the river-side ; A., near rose garden. Barren.
B. — Tene E IE
Not uncomm B,
B. intermedium, Brid. e fr.).
, in an open spot.

B. capillare, Linn.
R., » abundant, fruiting ; Q a ditch, &c.

' 14

B. donianum, reo
R. One tuft, with a few capsules.

. B. erythrocarpum, Schivaeg. :
Not uncommon, often among grass. Bamboo garden, P., &c.

B. atropurpureum, Web. et Mohr (e. fr.).
Á., on stumps near lake.

B. argenteum, Linn.
On paths, roofs, stones, &c. ; occasionally fruiting.

Var. lanatum, Bruch et Schimp.
Commoner than the type in the area; AE Lupe in dry place
especially on walls exposed to the sun. All authors, without
exception, as far as I can find, dir the nerve of the leaf of
= arger Saat as ceasing below the apex, and it does not seem to

excurrent. Most authors describe only the shape of the leaf as
characteristic of the var. Janatwm, without referring to the nerve ;

usnot (Muse. Gall. i., 243), however, describes and figures the
nerve as very short. In the Kew plant, as mentioned above, as
well as in all other examples of the var. Janatwm that I have -
seen, the nerve is distinctly excurrent, and I believe that this
structure i is characteristic of the variety.

Mnium affine, =.
Amongst grass.

M. cuspidatum, Hedw. (non Neck.).
R. Occasionally — cing a few capsules; originally found by
Mr. G. Nicholso

M. rostratum, ae
Not uncommon i n dry places among the grass; fruiting in the:
Queen's Cottage red (Massee, 1897). a

M. vmm Linn,
Q: E rin

M. iie Linn. (c. fr.).
Common ; very fine in Q., P., &c.

M. stellare, Reichb.
In one place in the Rockery.

Fontinalis sue Aero Linn.
In the moat by th

Neckera crispa, Hedw
R. Very sparingly, and starved.

Porotrichum alopecurum, Mitt,
Q. ; ; also occurs in the Winter Garden.
. Leskea a polycarpa, Ehrh.
By the river-side ; frequent on wood ; oce casionally on the stone
E wall; often fruiting. Probably the same station as that ne |
m n De fe oie = “New London Flora,” p. 90 “on,

15
Thuidium en Bruch et Schimp.
.; A., fine and plentiful, on banks near the bamboo garden.

T. recognitum, Lindb.
Among grass, P. (Massee, 1898.)

P sericeus, Dixon

Frequent on stones and walls ; R., river-side, &c. ; not noticed

in fruit ;
Brachythecium albicans, Bruch et Schimp.

Bank by the North Gallery ; among grass about the lake; river-

side, between the west Dauer and Isleworth Gate.

B. rutabulum, Bruch et re
Common and fruiting free
B. ve ne Bruch et inp (o. fr).
Rather common ; islands in the lake ; Q., bet ditch ;

P., &c.
eie from the Palace gr ee have long sets, a draw out
and ee with the var. pr eelongum of = Bryologia

a. Witch cannot, however, be considered more than a

B. populeum, Bruch et Schimp.
Fernery (fruiting) ; R.; wall by river.

B. purum, Diz
Common among the grass, &c.

Eurhynchium pmi Bruch et Schimp.

P., in one place ;

E. prelongum, Bruch et Schimp.

Abundant every where ; occasionally fruiting. Also occurs fruiting
in some of the Houses, e.g., Winter Garden.

E. en Hobkirk.
On the ground, river-side ; P.; Q., boundary ditch, also a very
prett Eee more closely branched than usual, on siones near the
Gambarna Gate ; Winter Garden.

E. pumilum, Schimp
P. ; also occurs plentifully on stones in the Winter Garden.

E. tenellum, Milde.

> n. Fruiting on Tree-Fern stems in the Winter Garden;
these plants have quite smooth setw, so that they cannot be
referred to the var. scabrellum, Dixon, which is the usual form
found on vein over sun twigs, &c. Mr. W. E. Nicholson

on ur in "Sussex.
E. rusciforme, Milde.

Abundant, and fruiting freely, by the river.
E. murale, Milde.

Not uncommon on stones; R., &e., fruiting freely.
E. confertum, Milde.

Abundant in fruit. P.; wall by the river; R., &c.

3 nnd
po = ono tae grs in mary pi

16

E. megapolitanum, Milde.
P. among the grass, on sand, fruiting. Certainly native. Mr.
. E. Nich plisa tells me that the Kew plant agrees well with
examples collected by him on sandy banks in West Sussex.

Plagiothecium borrerianum, Spru
Frequent, often one large atc on sandy banks, as about
the Bamboo Garden

P. denticulatum, Bruch et Schimp.
Frequent; R., P. &c. Occasionally fruiting.

P. sylvaticum, Bruch et Schimp. (c. fr.).
. ingly.

Q.; P. Spari
Amblystegium serpens, Bruch ei Schimp. (e. fr.).
Abundant every where.

A. varium, Lindb.
In a few places by the river.
er ee, De Not
mon ; on wall by river-side,
A. Koei Bruch et Schimp.
n one or two spots by the river. Hitherto only known in
Britain bon: Hurstpierpoint, Sussex.

Hypnum riparium, Linn. (c. fr.).

About the lake, on the islands ; all along the river-side.
H. elodes, Spruce,

n an old stump, near the Cumberland Gate, in fruit. (Massee,
1897). A very interesting record. Unfortunately the species
cannot be refound, and it is probable that it has disappeared from
the original Lann through the formation of a rockery.

H. stellatum, Schreb.
R., very sparingly.
H. sagi Linn.
Abun
in resupinatum, Schimp.
< $ indiens ditch ; P., &c., not uncommon.
ar. filiforme, Brid.
e tron Qui A.

H. molluscum, Hedw.
R,ina few places

H. palustre, Pis
Here and there by the river-side. A en 8 form, growing on

wood more or less submerged at high tide, | ig er reported. on b;
Mr. Dixon : “I take your moss to be a curious form of H. eed

tm, Linn

17

H. Schreberi, Willd
Abundant in the Pinetum, near the Water-Lily Pond.

Hylocomium squarrosum, Bruch et Schimp.
Very common among the grass under trees.

APPENDIX.

zu nn species have occurred in the glass-houses
onl

Piyioin riu eurystomum, Sendt. (c. fr.).
On earth, in a pot, No. 2 House (Nicholson).

Aulacomnium paineta, Schwaeg.
Common in several of the Houses, especially the Filmy-Fern
xa in the gemmiferous state. First noticed here by Professor
er, 8ee Journ. Linn. Soc. (Bot.), xx. (1884), p. 465, where an
ee of the structure and germination of the gemmx is given.
The pseudopodia are sometimes quite leafless, just as in A.
androgynum.

Fissidens are Salmon,
Mr. Nicholson discovered this Fissidens growing in one of the
Houses, on a Tee Fern stem, brought from Jamaica, It proved
on examination to be a new species allied to F. Ravenelii, Sulliv.,
and is to be described and figured as F. Nicholsonii in the Annals
of Botany.

Hypopterygium viridulum, Mitt.
Trunks of Tree-Ferns, Winter Garden.

Rhizogonium pennatum, Hook f. et Wils.
Common in the Filmy-Fern House.

Cyathophorum pennatum, Arid.
At the base of Tree-Fern stems, Winter Garden.

ERNEST S. SALMON.

DCXXXVIIL—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES.

Retirement of Mr. J. G. Baker—The termination of the
official services of this well-known member of the Kew staff
on reaching the age limit on Taha 12th of the present
bed can iot be passed over without a brief record. Mr. John
Gilbert Baker, having already aequired a reputation as a critical
botanist, entered the Herbarium and Library of the Royal
Botanic Gardens in 1806 as Assistant. He became successively
a Principal een in 1884, and Keeper in 1890. Gifted with

exceptional powers of sustained work, he devoted uulgus
emergy to his laborious official duties. He became the acknow-
ledged authority on the nomenclature and classification of Ferns

and of Petaloid Monocotyledons, His non-official hours were no

15.9949 um : B

18

Des dmi employed. The following list comprises the more
mporta orks which he turned out with untiring industry
t the e Which was it his own disposal :—

1863.— North Yorkshire ; Studies of its Botany, Climate, and
Physical Geography.

1866.—Flora of Northumberland and Dur

1868.—Synopsis Filicum (with Sir W.J. Hooker). 2nd edition,

1869. — Synopsis of Narcissus.

1869-1873.—Refugium Botanicum (4 vols.).

1870-1879.—Monograph of Liliacem (Journal of Linnean
Society.)

1871.— Monograph of British Roses

1870-1884.—Ferns and Composite of Brazil.

li ae ‚—Leguminos» of Tropical Africa.

t nopsis of Crocus.
75-1 898. Contributions to Botanical Magazine.

15. —Elementary Lessons in Botanical Geography.
1 Systema iri u

Gh
-
^
A

ee

t 2: — Flora of Mauritius and Seychelles.
sis of ve.
1878. —NWelwitach's Petaloid Monocotyledons of Angola.
1879.—Leguminoss of British India.
1879-1890. io kenn of New Plants from Madagascar
(1,200 species).

,

.—Mon fpem of Isoe

1882. oa 8 Topographical Botany. 2nd edition.

psis of Selagine
1884-5. TEEN Aare to orabire Naturalists’ Union.
1885.—Flora of English Lake Distr
1886.—Hooker’s Icones Plantarum, Vol. XVII. (Ferns).
andbook of Fern Allies
1887.—H aboot of Amaryllidex.
1889.—Handbook of Bromeliacex.
1892 oe of [rides

Scitaminex of British India.

1896-7 erem Capensis, Vol. VI. (Petaloid preme
1898.—Petaloid Monocotyledons of Topicn l Afri

The production of this immense amount of technical work of |
acknowledged merit not merely added lustre to the establishment,
but was of immense value to it. Under these circumstances an

while “ fully aware ot "ue good service rendered by Mr. Baker,"
declined to give. Mr. Baker was elected a Fellow of the Roya l
Society in 1878.

19

approved by the First Commissioner of Her Majesty's Works and
Publie Buildings. Mr. Hemsley took up his duties on 13th January
of the present year.

Principal Assistant (Phanerogams). — The appointment of

Assistant in succession to Mr. Hemsley, promoted, was approved
y the First Commissioner. - Stapf took up his duties on
January 13th of the present yea

LJ
MR. WILLIAM nn a member of tar gardening staff of the
Royal Gardens, has been appointed, on the recommendation of
Kew, by the Secretary of State for the onen Assistant Super-
intendent of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Trinidad, in succession
to Mr. William Lunt, appointed Curator, Botanic Station, St. Kitts.

Visitors toring 1898.—The number of persons who visited the
Royal Botanic Gard ok ay the year 1898 was 1,277,215. That
for 1897 md jd 239,683. The average for 1888-97 was 1 are dues

The total number on 1 Sundays was 484, 054, and on wee
193,161. The maximum number on any one day was 71, 8n oii
May 30, and the smallest 67 on November 21.

It is remarkable that while the total d fluctuates within
comparatively narrow limits, the aggregate attendance on week-
mai increases, while that on Sundays d hinishos. In 1891 they
early balanced.

The detailed monthly returns are given below :—

anuary . 20,643
February . 19,995
March 33,8
April 182,494
May 181,551
June 169,
July iis
August .. 251,971
September 124,059
October. 39,206

ovember 23,787
December ... 18

MRS. BARNARD.— This lady, the wife of Major R. Cary Barnard,
F.L.S., of Cheltenham, the daughter of the late Professor J. S.
Henslow, and sister-in-law of Sir Joseph Hooker, died on
January 19th. ee in no small degree her father’s S for

otany, she was a very good botanical artist, and contri
considerable number of plates to the Botanical Magazine bei siu

20

ine years 1879 and 1886. She also made the drawings for-the

ood-euts which illustrate Professor Oliver’s Lessons in
montar. y Botany, a well-known and popular introduction to
systematic botany, in part based upon materials left in manuscript
by Professor Henslow himself.

Botanical Magazine for December.—The present number com-
eee the 124th volume, which is dedicated to Mr W. B. Hemsley, |
S., at the date of publication Principal Assistant in the Herb- -
arium of the Royal Gardens. All the five plants figured are in
cultivation at Kew. Musa Bakeri is anew species, supposed to bea |
native of Cochin bins. It was obtained from the Jardin des

an Paris. The Kew plant, which has a stem 10 feet high,
flowered for the first time in October, 1895. Cardamine latifolia, —
from the Pyrenees and Southern Italy, is a robust plant with rather
lu rosy-lilac flowers. eiie de mastersianum, native of
Java, was sent to Kew by Messrs. Sander & Co., of St. Albans. It
isan ‘unusually handsome species both in a and flowers. Cala- |
denia carnea, var. alba, a terrestrial orchid from Eastern 2
and Tasmania, was received from Mr. J. O'Brien, of Harrow-on
—— The disk of the recurved lip is furnished with two or :
ore rows of stalked, capitate glands, Fritillaria pluriflora, u
otidir ornamental species from Norther. ee whence .
bulbs were sent to Kew cx Mr. Carl cma of Ukiah, has rose- |
coloured flowers an inch long, and about two inches wide; arranged |
in a loose raceme.

1 Magazine for January.—Acalypha hispida (A.
anc t is the handsome subject of the first plate of the new -
ough so recently introduced into European gardens, —
its peus as : highly ornamental pant for stove cultivation has
become well established. The specimen figured was receive
from Messrs. Sander, of St. Alban re having been sent '
them by their collector from = Bismarck Archipelago, in 1896.
Lewisia Tweedyi is a native f the Wenatchee mountains,
Washington State t lan
with flowers three inches in diameter ; the petals are straw-colour
becoming bright pink at the tips and edges. The Kew plant W?
acquired by purchase. The very pretty Lilium salailun was
escribed early last year from material received from M
Bunting, of Chelmsford. It is a native of Japan, and FU io
japonicum, but the flowers are smaller and pink. lthe
trichoph ylla is a diminutive species from the Himalaya an
estern China. The Kew plants were received from the
Hon. Charles Ellis, of Frensham Hall, Haslemere. Ve:
heterophylla, from California, i is the only American species : of the
. genus. The plant figured was raised from seed received from |
. Californian nurseryman. nre

~

"$

21

Kirk's Studént’s Flora of New Zealand.—The death of Professor
T. Kirk, of New Zealand, was announced in the Aew Bulletin
(1898, p. 51), tof, also, reference was made to his unfinished
work bearing the above title. Since then Sir James Hector,
Director of the Geologic a fhe of New Zealand, and of the
New Zealand Institute, has sent Sir Joseph Hooker “ clean sheets ”
of the work, so far as it has been printed off ; and they have been
Bent by him to Kew. It is gratifying to learn from the

me source that this fragment will be published, and that
pa botanist will probably be commissioned to write a Flora
of the country on a less : comprehensive plan, Kirk’s Flora is, as
far as completed, admirable in nee. and, as far as possible,
exhaustive in treatment. It is a ma of deep regret that the
author did not li

with Kirk’s local, botanical, and literary skill. But what is more
imperatively required, in the first place, is a handy und cheap
ook, in which the plants are described in familiar language,
without any attempt on the part of the author to See d ;
that is to say, to discriminate critical forms, or for
complete d of rare species in order to. be TUR to fully
describe the

The aiii of Kirk's Flora comprises ihe orders
Ranunculacez to Ooa oita. covering 363 large octavo pages ; or,
more space than the whole of the flowering plants and ferns
occupy in Hooker’s Handbook. It is true that the wire
includes namaa introduced plants; but many of peer a
so abundant and so widely spread that they form
portant, or at least a conspicuous part of the aviation in

certain districts. Some, indeed, pervade the whole country,
and it is as d ry for ihe student to have means of re
them as the rarer aboriginal Lie To the beginner they are

as much natives as the others. In Kirk's work the names and

descriptions of the introduced plants are printed. in different
type from the rest.

The Ferns of North-Western India.—Mr. C. W. Hope, late of

= ee Works Department, Government of India, who devoted
of his leisure time while in India to the study of joie: has,

die his retirement, continued his studies at Kew, and is
eve of publishing a detailed account of all the species inhabiting
the North-Western Provinces and adjoining territories. This
partially descriptive enumeration will shortly appear n the
Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, and will be
illustrated by a number of plates

Para Rubber in Penang.—A brief reference to the experimental
production of this rubber was given in the Kew Bulletin for 1898,
p- 273. Two samples have since been received from ‚Curtis,

the. Assistant Superintendent of Forests, both of which- were

22

taken from a tree growing in the Botanie Garden, the quantity
collected amounting to three pounds. One sample had been
coagulated with, and the other without, alum, but both were dried
by fire heat. Accompanying the samples was a bag of chips or
shavings of the wood of the rubber tree, containing a quantity of
the coagulated juice; it was thought that they might prove a
marketable article for the extraction of the rubber. All the
samples were submitted to Messrs. Hecht, Levis, and Kahn, the
well-known rubber brokers of Mincing Lane, who er furnished
the following report under date February 3rd, “Phe
rubber shavings are almost valueless, containing as one do only
small traces of rubber. We estimate the value of these meen

Fr
"$
c
B
ex
c
"i
"d
e
5%
B
[2
-
>
®
o
ect
BD’
®©
"1
et
2
©
un
B
"3
m
[o]
un
pr]
©
©
Eh
®©
PA
[e]
®
B
ae
t
^

the two small cakes you have sent us. The treatment of No. 1
with alum does not in any way interfere with the quality.’

lah, ge oe ak RP acl NA ern

Para Rubber in Perak.—The experimental cultivation of Para 4
Rubber in the d l1 has been discussed in the Kew — -
Bulletin, - 1898, pp. 2 4.

The following a gives a higher valuation for the produce
of the trees grown in Perak than that already quoted.

THE SS ME Ser GOVERNMENT Dore Cue PERAK, to
E SECRETARY TO GOVERNMENT, PER

Government Plantations Office
Taiping, October x 1898.

1 "have the honour to forward herewith a copy of the corre-
spondence in connection with a parcel of Para Rubber (208 pounds
sheet, and 8 qe scrap), prepared at Kuala Kangsar, and sent
home for sale

The correspondence is interesting, as it shows market value -
of Para Rubber grown in Malaya. The parcel realised $293.90,
exclusive of charges. E

The Rubber was valued at about 3s. 5d. per pound, but sold for I
3s. 1d. owing to the cost of analysis

The analysis showed a loss of 26] per cent. in washing, but the
manufacturers think that if sent home in bulk, the loss would |

per cent as a large quantity could not be sent home
so dry.

I have, &e.,
Sign

ed) R. DER i:
Superintendent of PE em

Mauritius Tea.—The cultivation of tea in Mauritius, has. pe
_ discussed in the Kew Bulletin for February, 1887, p. 7 ; and Ee

23

pp. me ane following is the most recent information with
regard to

pemacr from og Annual Report on Mauritius and Rodrigues

for 1897, p. 2
The cultivation a has been extended, and produce of

excellent quality has nee put on the market in limited supplies.
ile the quality is sufficiently good to enable it to nn on

the English market, the scale on which it has been produced has

not been sufficiently Jarge to show whether the cost of spp os

will permit of exporting it profitably.

Coffee-leaf Disease in Zanzibar.—T'he occurrence of this fungus-
parasite in German East Africa was recorded in the Kew Bulletin
for 1894 (p. 412). According to The Shamba: Journal of Agri-
culture for Zanzibar, September, 1898, it has now made its
appearance in Zanzibar. The statement, though not improbable,
has not -— verified, as far as is known, by a scientific
examination

* Some of the en coffee trees at Mbweni bear the unmis-
takable stamp of the well-known coffee-leaf disease (Hemileia
vastatrix). The disease is a fungus which first attacks the under
side of the leaves causing spots or blotches at first yellow but
subsequently turning black. These blotches are, on examination,
found to be covered with a pale, orange-coloured dust or powder

which easily rubs off. The blotches gradually increase in size
till at last they have deine over the leaves, which then drop off,
leaving the trees in a short time quite bare, i in which state they

at whi may

from Ceylon, but as "a we know this is the first actual
appearance of the disease in teilten. The Liberian species is
not supposed to be subject to its attacks, and this makes its
appearance at Mbweni all the more interesting. Otherwise the
trees nere show a most robust and healthy growth in spite of dry
weath

Fungus-gamboge.-Zopf gives this name (Bot. Zig., 1889, p. 53),
to a yellow substance obtained from Polyporus hispidus, "Prise,

readily soluble in ether and alcohol; it is dissolved with the
formation of a red colour in concentr. trated nitrie or sulphuric acid,
t

addition of water. The colouring matter is abundant in the cell-
walls, cell-contents, and also as an excretion on the surface of the
xc ime Polyporus hispidus is a common fungus, and could

obtained in Mbit ue should fungus-gamboge prove to possess
um economie value,

24

ee Hummel, of the Dyeing School, Leeds, was kind.
nough to examine the colouring matter, and furnished the
Pollo ise oe report :—

PROF. HUMMEL TO ROYAL Lacu KEW.

Clothworkers' Departm
: The Yorkshire ore Leeds,
DEAR SIR, November, 1897.
HEREWITH enclosed I send you two pieces of calico
Dora with iron and aluminium in a stripe pattern, and
dyed with (a) Old Fustie (Morus tinctoria), (b) Poli hr hispidus,
received from you
The experiment shows that P. hispidus contains a yellow
mordant-colouring-matter in moderate quantity, but the colours
obtained are not bright enough, nor is the fungus mers up
in colouring matter to render it of commercial value in Euro
If you will be good enough to procure about 10 Ibs. weicht of.
the fungus, it will be worth while making d chemical examina-
tion to determine what the colouring matter

Yours truly,
(Signed) 3 7. HUMMEL.
W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, Esq., F.R.S.,
Director, Royal Gardens, Kew.

*

ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

BULGE TIN

MISCELLANEOUS. INFORMATION.

Nos. 147-148.] MARCH and APRIL. (1899.

DCXXXIX.—PLANT DISEASES-I. TREE ROOT-ROT.
(Agaricus [Armillaria] melleus, Vahl.)
(With Plate.)

Notwithstanding the existence of numerous excellent treatises
and handbooks on the diseases of plants produced by parasitic
fungi, there appears to be still a need of descriptions of the more
common ones in moderately popular language, accompanied by
characteristic portraits of the organisms and of the mischief they
effect. Some semi-official correspondence has taken place between
Kew and the Board of Agriculture on the subject. It en
m pde to publish a series of articles in this —€ from
time in the Kew Bulletin. They may possibly be
spine eventually into a volume, which will be sold run

Agaricus melleus is one of the most generally distributed and
destructive of “ toadstools," attacking all kinds of fruit trees, many

broad-leaved tores trees, also all European and many imported
conifers. Hartig records having recognised its mycelium i in fossil
wood of Cupressinox. ylon. As a saprophyte it occurs in dense
clusters at the base of stumps, and also on posts and Worked timber.

The cap or pileus is 2 to 3 inches across when expanded, pale
honey-colour, and ornamented with numerous minute scales;
stem 4 to 6 inches long, coloured like the pileus; gills white,
with just a suspicion of pink, and, when young, hidden by a
membrane stretching from the stem to the edge of the pileus.
As the latter expands this membrane breaks away ved the edge
of the pileus and forms a ring or collar round the he
spores are white, and settle on objeets under the gills hi the form
of a dense white powder.

3282—1375—7/99 Wt92 D&S 29

26

The fruit of the fungus is usually not formed until the tree has
been killed, or nearly so, by its mycelium; nevertheless, the

accumulation of extruded resin round the collar.

he spores of the fungus dispersed by wind and carried by the
fur of animals, &c., germinate and first form a delicate, white
cobweb-like my celium, which soon produces blackish, cord- like,
radiating strands of mycelium called rhizomorphs. These bodies,

which vary in thickness from that of thick thread to moderately
thick Desi continue to inerease in length, travelling a few inches
underground, until they come in contact with the root of a tree,
when the cortex is pierced and a firm white sheet of mycelium
is formed between the cortex and the wood. This feli gradually
passes up the trunk for some distance between the bark of the

o n

roots and the collar, entering the cortex at various points.

Delicate — of mycelium extend from the felt formed under -

the cortex into the wood, principally along the medullary rays, —

and eh de apis the vessels, which soon become choked with
a dense mass of m

In conifers the ee fills the resin-canals and destroys the — -

cells forming their walls, the resin exuding through the bark in |
large quantities and collecting round the am hence the name
* resin-flux " sometimes given to this dis 1
Ata itor stage of the disease the irf of the roots and collar |
are covered with a white felt of mycelium, which exhibits a pale -
go ee Sh light in the dark 4
Afte the dea th of the tree, numerous stout, branching, black .
ood a

Preventive ddr —There are two methods b hick: a tree —
may become infected :—(1) spores; (2) underground rhizomorphs. -
Infection by means of spores may be prevented by destroying all 4
fungi growing in the neighbourhood of valuable trees. The

fungi should be ji dens: and bur kicking over and E

ned ; ER

trampling under foot simply disperses the spores and does more
harm than good.

a tree

27

Description of Figures. —Fig. 1, a med of Agaricus (Armil-
laria) melleus, Vahl, nat. size; 2, sect of a fungus, showing
the gills running for some distance down the stem (decurrent)
and producing at the base of the stem black cord-like strands of
mycelium or rhizomorphs ; nat. size

DCXL.—ARTIFICIAL PRODUCTION OF INDIA-

RUBBER.
India-rubber, or caoutchouc, is chemically a hydrocarbon. But
what is called pm molecular constitution is unknow All that

has been ascertained is that when decomposed by heat (distillation
in elosed vess ssels) it is broken up into simpler hydrocarbons,
amongst which is isoprene

Caoutchouc is found in a considerable number of plants in no
way related by botanical affinity. But they are for the most part
natives of tropical countries, As is well known, it occurs in the
latex, a milky juice contained in the laticiferous vessels. It is not
dissolved in the latex but is merely suspended in

All chemical substances of vegetable origin sooner or later yield
to the art of the synthetic chemist, and admit, therefore, of being
built up from simplercompounds. The methods of accomplishing
this in individual cases may or may not lead to commercial results.
In many cases they remain merely of theoretical interest as,
though PIERDE they are too cumbrous and expensive to be of
actual uti

The itid production of every organic compound is, then,
a scientific problem which may have commercial results. It is
always a matter of interest to note and place on record the first
step towards its solution, although the commercial application
may be remote.

Such a first step has been achieved by Dr. Tilden, F.R.S.,
Professor of Chemistry in the Royal College of Science, South
Kensington, in the case of india-rubber. He has kindly permitted
^M republication of his results in these pages with some more

ecent revisions. They have also been republished in the
Chemical News.

* Note on the Spontaneous Conversion of Isoprene into
Caoutchouc.

* [Read before the Mio res Philosophical Society,
y 18th, 1892.]

= wears isa hydrocarbon ek was discovered by Greville
Williams many years ago among the qp of the destructive
distillation e iy abhor eda in 1884 (Trans. Chem. Soc
vol. 45, p. 410), it was observed by myself among the more
vola tile compounds obtained by the action of a moderate heat

upon oil of turpentine and other terpenes. It isa very volatile

3282 A2

28

liquid, POM es about 36°. Its molecular formula is C; Hs, and it ——
mide, C; Hg prac but nó metallic derivatives like 3

the two Mis EET of Aoc Ap
* Bouchardat (Compt. rend. di 81, p. 654, and. vol. 89, pp. 261
and 1117) observed that when isoprene is heated to a iemperature
near 300°, it gradually polymerises into a terpene, which he called
diisoprene, b but which is now called dipentene. This compound —

: 1 ;

is ad 1 a to uh elastic solid, Which hai een Bee
by G. "geb enda and by myself. Tt appears to be true india-
rubber

K Specimens of isoprene were made from several terpenes in the
eourse of my work on those compounds, and some of nm
I have preserved. I was surprised a few weeks ago at finding the —
contents of the ido containing isoprene from turpentine
entirely changed in appearance. In place of a limpid colourless |
liquid, the bottle contained a dense syrup in which was floating
seve voral large masses of a solid of a sites nb Slade Upon g

pbi.

be

that a small quantity of acetic or formic acid had been produce

by the oxidising action of the air, and that the presence of this

compound had been the means of transforming the rest.

liquid was acid to test paper, and yielded a small portion of |

unchanged isoprene.
*'lhe artificial india-rubber, like natural rubber, appears to

consist of two substances, one of which is more soluble in

benzene or carbon bisulphide than the other

eo

“The artificial dans unites with sulphur in the same way 4
ordinary rubber, forming a tough elastic compoun

* The constitutional formula of i isoprene is now known to be :—
xs hese iat lene, CH, = CCH; — CH = CH;.

“It obvious that compounds such as these, or
Johi inkad carbon, may polymerise in a variety of ways; and
in the present condition of our know ledge even of oorh it
would be idle to speculate as to which out of the numero
possible arrangements would cor arene to the constitution ©)
caoutchouc.” —(Proc. Birm. Phil. Soc. viii., Pt. 1.)

In a recent letter Professor Tilden states :—* As you may
imagine, I have tried everything I can think of as likely to
promote this change, but withoat success. The polymerisation
etre slowly, occupying, according to my experience,

veral years, and all attempts to hurry it result in the produc
ton not of rubber but of ‘colophene,’ a thick sticky oil q ut
useless for all the purposes to which rubber is applied."

29

DCXLI.-LAGOS RUBBER INDUSTRY.

In the Kew eee ote due (pp. 241—247) an account is given
of the important commer ich had resulted in Lagos from the

be short-lived, owing to the reckless way in which the rubber
trees is been exhausted by the rubber collectors

reports given in the ud PY correspondence Mee a "S
of things which, unless arrested ,
only lead to the extinction of the iod MET. These porté m
highly creditable to the two young Africans, Messrs. Leigh and
Dawodu, by whom they were drawn up. As stated in the Kew
Bulletin (1893, p. 365), they have had the advantage of training
in the Botanical Department of Jamaica and subsequently at

ew.

The Ire tree, or, as it is uud called, "s “female Ire tree,” is
Kickxia ricana, a an Apocynaceous tree. The * male Ire tree "
appears to be Holarrhena ins cana ote: Apocynaceous. In the
Kew Bulletin for 1895 (p. 245) it is described by an oversight as
Rubiaceous. It yields rubber oil apparently of little commercial
value.

The Ficus referred to in the reports is probably Ficus on
discussed in the Kew Bulletin for 1888 (pp. 253-261) and 1890
(pp. 89-93), the extraction of rubber from which appears to have
met with little success. It was first indicated as a source of
rubber in the Kew Re port for 1878, p. 39.

GOVERNOR MCCALLUM TO MR. CHAMBERLAIN.

nn Hou

SIR, Lag 5, 24th. Ji une, 1897.
IN despatch “Interior,” dated 9th Februar 1897, para-
6, Captain Denton referred to the wholesale
destruction of rubber trees in the Hinterland, and the consequent
injury to a most important industry of the Colony d
that he had sent Messrs. Leigh and Dawodu of the Botanical
Deine to Ibadan, with a view to the protection of this
industry, and he recommended the establishment of a small

Forest Department.

2. I have now the honour of forwarding copy of report received
from Messrs. Leigh and Dawodu, from which you will observe

that Captain Denton's fears have been e than realised, and
that the destruction is very widespread, prre to the Ekiti-
Parapo Confederacy as well as to Ibadan and Jebu. I also

enclose return for the last six months from the Acting Collector
of Customs, showing that there is a falling off in export of rubber
amounting to 33 per cent. compared with 1896.

3. This falling off is serious, for—ceteris paribus—it bruni a

corresponding diminution of impo orts, and t cs ore 0 Mini
I do not, however, anticipate any serious reduc of fe rev
for, from other causes, the total amount wbich Hh a éóllected

for five months is not below that estimated.

30

4. I, moreover, entertain hopes that the present visit, for the first
time in history, of kings and chiefs of the Hinterland, with their
numerous followers, will be of the greatest benefit to the Colony,
and be the means of securing a marked increase of trade with the
interior.

5. It is important, however, to take steps which will protect the
forests from being ruthlessly destroyed, and which will allow
young rubber trees to mature before they are tapped by irrespon-
sible collectors. I therefore cordially endorse Captain Dentons
recommendation as to the necessity of a Forest Department.

= Li 5

7. I hope also to organise some system by which the native
chiefs will exercise more control over the collectors, but this
can scarcely do until I visit the country myself, and see what
promises to be the best means of securing permanence of supply.

8. In the meanwhile, I have thought it desirable to give you
some idea as to how the question stands, for you will probably
have its importance represented to you by the merchants of
Liverpool and Manchester, who will suffer from the falling off in
the supply of rubber which has taken place during the current
year

9. Had the collection been entrusted to the chiefs of Yoruba
and their men, it is probable that our controlling influence would
have checked the destruction which has taken place, but Fantees
from the Gold Coast have not had permanency of supply in their
minds when they have destroyed trees in all directions, and
imperilled the constant supply of a material for which there 18
now so much demand.

I have, &c.,
(Signed) HENRY MCCALLUM,
Governor.
The Right Honourable
Joseph Chamberlain, M.P.,
Secretary of State for the Colonies.

[ Enclosure. ]
SIR, Ife, May 25th, 1897.

WE beg respectfully to report to you our work and progress
since we left Ibadan.

e should state that before leaving Ibadan we had an interview 3

with His Excellency the Acting Governor. :

In this interview we informed His Excellency of the ruined
state and condition of the Jebu and Ibadan forests which we had
then just visited ; and also conveyed to him the information we
had gathered from those interested in the industry to the effect

that there was no rubber forest in the neighbourhood of these tw0 — 3

countries that has not been spoiled by overworking. d
We were then instructed by His Excellency to go to the Ekiti

country, where, we told him, as we were informed ourselves

31

t we regret to say that all the rubber forests through which
we have passed and visited during the whole tour have all been
spoilt by over FARM consequently, we thought it our best plan
to make it understood to the kings and chiefs of the different
towns we visited, that it is the wish of His Excellency the
- Governor to improve the quality of the rubber, and to make the
industry a permanent one: that His Excellency desires this, not
only in the interest of trade, but also for the lasting benefit ot
themselves and children ; and that for this purpose we had been
sent out by the Government. In order to effect the wish of His
ie etra four important things were impressed on their
minds

Consi idering the present state of the forests, we strongly
advised ihem to leave off tapping for two years, when all the trees
in their forests which have been almost stripped of their barks
shall have DIM up, and be in a fit state for extracting fresh
supply of j

2. 'That guna the trees shall have healed up the process of
tapping should only have one season in a year, and this should be
during the rainy season. We explained that by so doing the trees
would be allowed ample time to heal up and thus be in a good
state for the next year’s tapping.

. That in tapping the trees the rubber collector should be very
particular in making his lateral incisions ; these should be 2 feet

apart. This we S HDD is very important as on it depends the
life of the pe

. In plac uice is available we have seized the
opportunity of et Ei who are interested in this industry
the proper mode of preparing rubber.

ur present plan is to go round to the ata: forests to teach
these facts as has been done in the other distric

We are, &e.,
(Signed) F. G. R. LEIGH and
T. B. DAWODU.
The Acting Resident,
Ibadan.

ACTING GOVERNOR CAPTAIN G. C. DENTON TO
R. CHAMBERLAIN.

Government Hou
SIR, Lagos, 28th June, 1898.
IH the honour to forward a report by Messrs. Leigh
and Divai. Assistant Curators of the Botanic Station, giving the
results of their mission to the interior upon which they were sent
by me in February, 1897.

2. I im hold to the view I expressed in my despatch of the
9th February, 1897, on the subject of a Forestry Department, and
I think that, though i may not be possible to en in force a
drastic Forestry Ordinance, much may yet be done to preserv
the rubber and other weed dr the Goverment, icing dE the
authorities of the country, will take upon themselves the super-
vision of all the forests.

32

3. I beg to suggest that Messrs. Leigh and Dawodu's report be
transmitted to the Director of the Royal Gardens, Kew.

Fears DE SL ET Duy

I have, &c.,
(Signed) GEORGE C. DENTON,
Acting Governor.
The Right Honourable
Joseph Chamberlain, M.P.,
Secretary of State for the Colonies.

le ATU sS bep e pr S, Mrs raton NO TUE T NADIE

[ Enclosure. ]
Botanic Station, Ebute Meta,
SIR, July 28, 1897.

WE have the honour to submit for the information of His
Excelleney a general report of the work done during our absence
in the interior. ;

Leaving Lagos on the 8th February we proceeded to Ibadan, vid
Epe, where we arrived on the 13th instant. Here we received
definite instructions as to the exact nature of our mission.

uring our stay at Ibadan, and before we received instructions to
proceed further up country, we took the opportunity of visiting
the Ibadan and Jebu forests, which are so rich in rubber an
timber trees. We regretted to find that though both forests

was still going on. We found the forests of all these countries
to abound, more or less, in Ire rubber trees ; but we discove
that all rubber-working had practically ceased even in these far
off countries, a consequence due entirely to the overworking of
the trees.

As far as we could inspect them all the trees had been over-
tapped, and consequently many of them were dying, as is the

We thought it therefore our best plan, seeing the condition of
their forests, to call together the kings, chiefs, and townspeopl
of the different towns we visited, and conveyed to them the
wishes of the Lagos Government with regard to the rubber

industry. "m
. We called their attention to the ruined condition of all the
rubber trees in their forests, and pointed out to them the folly and.

short-sightedness of the system of “killing the goose for
golden eggs." — P

33

We made them to understand that it is the en wish of the
0 ke

bee up to them, but that it is impossible for the industry to
last en ae years with the present system of working the
us and that we would strongly advise them, therefore, in
ecordance en the wishes of the ee to stop all rubber-
pour ing in their forests for the next two or three zn
the surviving trees might have sufficient ins to recov
selves with Dark, and to allow young ba (in which ibeir poen,
abound) to attain tapable sizes. After this period of time every
proprietor should then begin to wis his bush on quite a
different system. That in this way the industry would be
permanent, and they would derive yearly income from their
forests.

We pointed out to them the great commercial value of this tree,
and its financial superiority is cola and palm trees, and there-
fore sonrt urged them to devote as much, if not greater
attention to the rearing and ee of this tree as they do to
the latter ones.

They were made to understand that by doing thisthey would not
only be carrying out the wishes of the Lagos Government, which

moting the interest of trade and be benefiting themselves and
children.

Finally we told them that it is their duty to stop all intruders
in their forests, as it was en who had ruined their forests
more than the inhabitants themselv

We regret to report that all over i-Yoruiidla nd, beginning from
Iwo, and as far as we went in this direction, the forests are
sparse and there are more fields than anything else. Consequently
there are few rubber trees in those parts, and a good deal of what
there are are what the natives call the male Ire tree [Holarrhena
vd ; it produces a similar juice to the female Ire tree, but

oagulates only to the consistency of the soft Ire rubber
(Landolphia Sp. ; this deserves investigation as it is very plentiful
in some parts and yields abundance of juice).

The only parts where good bits of forest were found were
Osogbo, Ila-Oke, Ilobu, Ejigbo.

E. 3 Yorubaland, prete we strongly urged the ve

take to planting Ire as they do kola and palm trees
een siitable dici are avaiable. explaining kor they should be
planted, and what a great rend of income such an undertaking
will be to them in the fut We are pleased to report that the
gin seemed to fall in sani) with this suggestion.
furthermore impressed on them that the process of apping

should only be aos once a year, and during the rainy season,

at sufficient time be allowed the trees to rebark ee g
Pe the next PAE

2 feet bobween the are la ateral grooves: this is j just the point
where the native tappers destroy the trees; ar do not allow
more than from 6 to 9 inches between the lateral grooves, thus

34

leaving a very limited amount of bark between the grooves,
subsequently the trees all wither (especially during the dry
season) and die.

The mode adopted by the Fantees, who are to be found in good
numbers at Owo and its vicinity, for extracting the juice is the
one most suitable and convenient. The first point is for the
tapper to make a vertical groove (3 to 3 in. wide) from the bottom
to the top of the tree, and in such a way as to gouge out a bit o
the true bark ; after this is done, and as the tapper is descending,
two series of oblique lateral grooves converging towards the main
vertical groove are made, of the same width; thus all the
exudation of the lateral grooves flows into the main groove which,
together with its own exudation, finds its way down to the base
of the tree where a receptacle of some kind is placed to receive
the milk.

The method the natives adopt for ccagulating the juice is a very
dirty and improper one, but a better and simpler way of produc-
ing a whiter and superior quality was shown them. This is done
by adding twice the quantity of water as there is juice (strained),
and then gradually heating; by so doing the rubber becomes
coagulated, and does not burn up as in the case with the native
system. This kird of rubber comes out milky white, and
when pressed (to get rid of water), has an agreeable smell and a
superior quality. We pointed out to them the advantage gained
in taking a little trouble in the preparation, as on it depends the
value of their produce.

As there was no more rubber milk to be obtained in several

rubber supply is obtained, although in some parts about the Ekiti
orests we observed other rubber-yielding trees, such as species of
Landolphia, Ficus, &c.

The species of Landolphia yielding the soft rubber is found
plentifully in the Ekiti forests, but owing to its softness, and the
low prices offered by merchants, the people do not consider
it remunerative enough.

The other species of Landolphia (probably L. owariensis)
which produces the harder and superior rubber is much preferred,
but as it is very scarce and not so common in the interior as the
soft one, very few balls have been brought down and sold at very
lucrative prices. During all our tour the only place where it was
observed to exist (but not in a very large quantity) is in the Isoya
forests. We advised them to search for this particular species,
which is commonly known under the native name of Ibo Akitipa,
and to collect rubber of it, which, we assured them, will be
readily sold at as good a price, if not better, than that offered for the

rerubber. The tapping of this species of Landolphia will not
take so much time as the Ire. The operation is simple enough,

and can be successfully done by intelligent and careful natives.

The stem of the vine (which is as thick as a man’s arm) 18

detached from all its supports and stretched out on the ground, 3

but its roots are not at all disturbed, so that the vine is

supported by its roots. After stretching out the vine on the

Wg ie Sse

:35

ground, incisions of 6 in. x 2 in. are made at distances of from
6 to 8 ft. apart, under these incisions vessels are placed to receive
the milk, which easily and readily coagulates, and is then balled
or wound up. This kind of rubber has no water whatever in it.
The species of Ficus noticed are several, but owing to the
insignificance and inferiority of its rubber (specimens have been
sent to England and seien d at a very low price) we did not
ee these to
n whole we are compelled to say that the Government
was rather too late in taking up this matter, and that unless our

olony
only three days off Benin) which, we understood, is the limit of
our Protectorate on that side.

* * * E
We have, &c.,
(Signed) EOR meg
T. B. Daw

Foie Curators.

EXTRACT from LAGOS ANNUAL REPORT for 1897.

* As was anticipated, the falling off in the production of rubber,
due to the reckless way in which it was collected, has come to
pass, the amount shipped in 1897 being 4,458,327 lbs. as against
6,484,365 lbs. in 1896. It is early to talk pessimistically of the
x extinction of the industry,’ inasmuch as the opening up of fresh
country to peaceful commerce cannot fail to revive the production.
At the same time the greed and guile of the small minority that
collects and adulterates she coupled with the apathy of the
large majority that only looks on, must inevitably deal a severe
blow to the trade. Steps are, however, being taken to encourage

ubbe l

the native chiefs to have the rubber collected in a thrifty and
systematic ma nner, wie it is hoped, will show good results in
the near future ” (pp. 6 ; 1).

DCXLIL—MADAGASCAR INDIA-RUBBER.

Enquiries are frequently made about the Zi eit ab igen
plants of Madagascar. This island has long be
ondibieuspty ot of pera gee to Near gains (See Kew Bulletin,

2 70.) Hitherto it has b upposed to be yielded
exclusively by species of re the “pubber-vines” which
are so widely distributed in Tropical Africa. Within the last few
years it has been obtained, and apparently in abundance, from a
En of other plants.

36

About 1892 an immense development of the rubber-trade took
place in Southern Madagascar. The following account is borrowed
from the Zndia-rubber and ı Gutta Percha and Electrical Trades
Journal (Nov. 3, 1893, p. 107) :—

The French Vice-Resident, writin’ from Nossi Vé (not to be
confounded with Nossi Pol, s TB report elu in the Moniteur
Officiel du Commerce of November 2nd —says :—‘* Caoutchouc has
only been exploited in the southern fomir since the first months
of 1892, and the first operations, conducted with discretion, have

abroad ; a veritable caoutchouc fever has raged with everyone,
especially the natives. Everything has been neglected for the
rich product, leading to great modifications in wages, in the
recruitment of workers, and in the prices of food and goods, &c.
But the exploitation of caoutchouc has been carried out with
veritable vandalism ; the trees and shrubs producing it have been
savagely destroyed ; hence the diminution in the yield, as well as
in the quality, because the natives have mixed other substances
with the caoutchouc to increase the size and weight of the balls."

Some further information which has attracted a good deal of
— appeared in a letter from Mr. Abraham Kingdon which
ten in the Standard of Dec. 22, 1896

call your attention to the arid district of St. Mary's, the
NU part of Madagascar, from which district an enormous
amount of india-rubber has been procured during the last few
years.

The india-rubber is procured from an almost leafless shrub with
a large bulbous root. The discovery that this shrub produced
india-rubber was made by a “fluke.” Up to the time of the
discovery, india-rubber had only been ee from Landolphia,
which grows freely in all the low-lying parts of Madagascar,
north of the arid district of St. Mary's. One day, however, a
young native (who did not believe that india-rubber could be
procured from a thing but the Landolphia) brought two balls
of india-rubber to Mr. Mare hal, of Fort Dauphin. He said,
“] have brought you two balls of something which looks like
india-rubber ; but I do not think it can be india-rubber, because
it was not procured from the vahy ( Landolphia ); but if you wil =
buy some of it I will bring it to you." He added, “I saw some ——
boys playing with these balls. They were made from the juice
of a shrub, which coagulates as soon as it is exposed to the air.’

Mr. Marchal said that he was not a chemist, and em he did not
know whether it would turn out right in the process of manu- —
facture he did not care to risk much. The natives ege to sell
ce Av dollars one Bound) per hundred lbs, and Mr. Marchal

n credit. He e was able to load a mah ifs er took he cargo

(four pounds) pe Ibs. For ry eleven months
Mr. Marchal i ae een, and during this period he cleared

91

twenty-six thousand pounds net profit. The same kind of india-
rubber is now sold at Fort Dauphin at forty-five and fifty dollars
per hundred lbs. Unfortunately the natives destroy the shrub in
the operation of collecting the india-rubber ; ER in order to take
the milk from the bulb, they root up the shru

For the most recent information Kew is indebted to the follow-
ing communication from the Foreign Office :—

FOREIGN OFFICE TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

SIR, Foreign Office, en 3, 1898.

I AM directed by the Secretary of State € Foreign Affairs to
transmit to you the accompanying copy of a en extracted
from the Depeche Coloniale respecting the $éitivation of India-
rubber in Madagascar.

I am, &e.,
The Director, (Signed) F. H. VILLIERS.

Royal Gardens, Kew.

EXTRACT from the Depeche Coloniale, August 28, 1898.
The Exploitation of India-rubber in Madagascar.

The cape ae for the eultivation of india-rubber in
Madagascar are numerous, especially on the coast and lower levels
of the binis:

It may be expected that the efforts which may be made in this
coeton will fully succeed if, in establishing plantations, the

Hane perly studied. The best known rubber-trees are : "e Hevea,
Manihot, Castilloa, Landolphia, Willughbeia and Ficu ;

Besides the =. s met igne ee the epos of mt
south, there exists t with on the east side of the Island
which the natives Aita labia. This tree, which furnishes
an abundant and much-prized latex, appears destined to a an
important role in the future. There are two varieties one,
the most important, with large leaves, the other with small pubem
They belong to the familv of the ove een held Alstonie®.

The barabanja is abundant in the region comprised between
Vohemar and the Bay of Antongil. The tree is r found wild up to
an altitude of 1,300 to 1,600 feet. It prefers the glades and borders
f forests, and may attain to a height of 50 feet, with a cireum-
ference of 5 feet. Specimens of this size are, however, rare, for,
about the age of eight or kive years, the natives make excessive
incisions, and very often even cut down the tree in order to gather
the latex

The tree propagates itself readily from suckers, and it is
to this that the Bnet abundance of the tree is due. Very fine
specimens are reported fr "m the neighbourhood of Antalaha,
Sahambava and -acvinacdrien

The cultivation of neret trees has already been tried in
different parts of the are The preference seems to have been
given to plants of Hevea, from Para, which appears likely to er»
satisfactory results,

38

With regard to the production of india-rubber, certain regions
of Madagascar have been specially favoured. In ‘the province of
Fort Dauphin, for example, where an increasing production has
been most observed, there were only 12 to 15 tonsa year of rubber
taken up to 1890 from Landolphia vines (Vahea) and from Mee
of Ficus. But the discovery of the Euphorbiaceous plant, com-
monly called * in£isy," which gives a superior latex, has wee
an important commercial movement towards this district; the
harvest has been collected more energetically, and this has resulted
in the zone of the rubber production being reduced to a consider-
able extent.

For the last few months natives of the west of the province of
Fort Dauphin have begun to bring a little rubber to the coast;
but a European could not at present devote himself to regularly
and ites coped working the substance owing to the bad state

of e "uL n in the interior of the country.

Duri uring the journey from the forest to Fort Dauphin, the
cni carried on the back, in loads of 65 Ibs., loses from the
heat of the sun a certain part of its weight. At the present
moment, the production, together with the loss and cost of
transport, comes to 1:05 fes. per Ib. If to this we add the expenses
of packing, carriage to the sea, shipping charges, export dues à
0-10 fes. per 1b., the total price per Ib. reaches 1°25 fes. deliv s
on board the vessel in the Fort Dauphin Road. From Fort
Dauphin Harbour alone there were exported in—

1898 = .. .. 167,857 kilos. (369,285 lbs.)
Hte lee Dum 0. (141,288 5. )

eee, See a

In the Bene of Majunga, the idu bs is one of the
articles of export which occupy the largest place in the local
commerce, and its importance increases each day. The rubber a —

ajunga comes from Morarano for the most part, from the bay of —
Mahajamba, from Namakia, Soalala, Marambitsy, and especially — |
Maintirano and Morondava. Ge aed the rubbers from the west
coast are produced from * vines," which the natives incise without

any > cutting even the roots in order to obtain the largest
amount of sap. The most sought after is the “ pink rubber,” but
one Kin finds the * ambongo,” * godroa " and * vea.” In the north
the caoutchouc is generally prepared by the pon with sulphuric —
aes lemon, salt, or juice of the tamarind ; in the south, on the —
conirary, it is co agulated with salt only. The value of the latter |
in Ser is inferior to that of the he

ubber prepared with sulphuric acid is worth at the moment

from 350 fes. to 360 per 100 kilos. (220 Ibs. ), whilst "hol rubbers
hardly fetch 300 fes. per 100 kilos.

There were exported—

From Majunga, in 1896, 19,445 kilos.; in 1897, 41,448 kilos.
From Nossi Bé, in n 1896, 11,340 kilos.; in 1897, 40, 766 kilos.
From Nossi Vé,i in 1896, 122,313 kilos.; in 1897, 122, 129 kilos.

As soon as roads become more numerous in Madagasca r, the 3
colonists ‘who wish to devote themselves to a rational cultivation
and working of rubber will obtain good results; but they must
act with judgment, and not take from the plant more latex than it
can reasonably produce

EN A e er Sr rri

39

The botanical identity of the Madagascar rubber-yielding pane
is obscure. It is much to be M Mr that the French botanist
do not investigate it "aid clear it

M. Henri Ries has devotel- a ‘chapter to the subject in his
" Der Pun d Caoutchouc et à Gutta dans les Colonies
Finot” "pb. 104 -116 (1898). Of the “ vines ” hestates that the
most valuable is the Vahy (Landolphia madagascariensis). Other
forms of the native name are no doubt the Vahea and Vea men-
tioned ahove. It appears to yield * pink rubber.

Intisy isa small leafless Euphorbiaceous tree. It is certainly
the shrub described by Mr. Kingdon. tens he terms the “ large
bulbous root” is probably the fleshy ste

Little appears to be known about the hindaja except that it isa
tree of fifty feet in height. It may be conjectured that it is an
undescribed Tabernæmontana.

The late M. Raoul sent to Kew a specimen of what he described
as the “ bei rubber-yielding plant in South Madagascar,” which
appeared to = new species of that genus, or possibly a
MM! 'enhasi

he Godot is a small tree, perhaps also Apocynaceous,

DCXLIII.—SKIRRET.
(Sium Sisarum, Linn.)

Enquiries have been adäressed to Kew as to the cultivation in
China and Japan, for the manufacture of sugar, of the skirret
(Sium M m

The skirret, which was commonly grown asa Mis Sarees in Tri
in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, is now but o be
seen, the potato having in a very large measure Ne j^ ges
contributed chiefly to its neglect. It is a member of the Natural

related parsnip and carrot, which
is added a slight Piedi A heir allied Ptol the
celery.
Sugar, which gives this sweetness to the skirret, occurs in the
roots of other species of Sium. S. Ninsi, a plant found in Japan,
sweet roots used medicinally, and the roots of S. latifolium
of Europe and North America contain much sugar, here associa
with a poisonous resin (see Porter in Pharmaceutical Journal, ser.
9, vii., p. 174).
he sweetness of the roots of Kium Si en has obtained for

e
moor him d these first Mepdelmitite * a sugar resembling

40

the best yellowish St. Thomas, known as Moscovade.” He
extracted sugar by two processes : the first consisted in drying the
roots and powdering them, and then extracting with alcohol ; by

which method he obtained from } 1b. of dried white beet 4 drach

described above produced ; after obtaining the sugar from the
skirret roots he allowed the liquor left to ferment, getting an
alcohol; and by allowing the starch to settle he obtained a
powder, such as was then used for powdering the hair.

Marggraf recognised that the white beet gave more sugar than
tke skirret, but the skirret more than the red beet. From, the
parsnip and the wild earrot he failed to obtain sugar. When, in
1799, Achard, at the request of the Prussian Government, repeated
Marggraf's work, it was with the white beet that he experimented,
pa thereby the practical foundation of the modern industry.

wo analyses of skirret roots have been made. Parmoniage
(nde D’O rbigny, Dictionnaire @Histoire naturelle, * Sium” )
obtained 8 per cent. of sugar ; Saee ( Bulletin de la S ociété d' Aceli-
matation, ii., 1855, p. 561) obtained 6*6 per cent. Sacc’s analysis
gave the eine realia 1—

In 100 parts.
62-41

Pu and TE Lad ui zt i 1:91
Starch 5 ios hen EF A 18:09
Cane-sugar rs = a za 6°60
Proteids ... a a ie a 2:09
Soluble salts = ET had E Laz
Pectie acid yi si Pes n. T

Gum me = a 2 0:53

Sacc advocated the ee Mn of the P He obtained roots
rue $ lb. to 33 lbs., the average being a little below 1$ lbs.
As calculated (Dupuis, Revue Horticole, ser. iv., v., p. 305), this
yield should give 76 tons to the acre; but, as Sace’ 8 plants were
grown in very favourable cond tions, such an amount is probably
considerably above what may be e

The skirret is steadily going out of cultivation. In Great Britain,
under the name of “ visis ioc it persisted in the extreme north ot |
Seotland, after ceasing to be grown in England. In Scan dinavia
Schuebeler (Die Phaneinivelt Norwegens, Christiania, 1873-5, P-
280) says that he had only seen it near Christiania, and that
sparingly. In France, as Paillieux and Bois, authors of Potage! a
d'un curieux tell us, in the north and about Paris skirret is only
known as a name, and M. H. L. de Vilmorin writes that he is not — |
aware that it is grown for market anywhere in France, but that it
may be found in old-fashioned gardens, chiefly in the west and —
south of France from Tours to Nimes and Avignon. In Gerd
and Austria it seems to be but little eultivated, the seed to main- :
tain it in the few gardens, where it now exists, being, rin to
Herr Ludwig Móller, importea yearly from Fran +

Thus is the vegetable which in 1682 was Maid to be “the :
sweetest, whitest, and most pleasant of roots” Daher Spe
Horticulture, P. 185) fast disappearing from garden ens, `

41

The history of its introduction into cultivation is very obscure.
It is commonly stated that it came from China, but this is pro-
bably incorrect. No one except Loureiro ren to have seen
Chinese specimens, and there is reason to think that this botanist,

Japan, and then apparently as a ee iy plant. Maximowicz
(Melanges biologiques, ix., decas xiii., p. 17) accepts it as wild in
ltai Mountains and Nort keth rsia.

To Marco Polo has been attributed the credit of bringing it
from Central Asia to Europe, but without sufficient evidence.

More recently medecin: (Botanisches Centralblatt, 25, p. v: has
given reason for th g that, besides inhabiting entra a, it
occurs wild in Podole sid Volhynia in S.W. Russia. FE this
region, he thinks, it was introduced into Qu many by some Micha ;
as early almost as the Norman conquest of England. There is no
great improbability aboutthis. Certainly, of the names Gore da to
it in various European languages, all, with two exceptions, appear
akin to its German names, and may well be the result of carrying
those names with it as it travelled from a German starting-point.

1y

by such statements as that of ves coii uy Serr T a Br the
irret came into France from Ger nis that of Simon
te (1613), who, according Bosipfinski, says that it was
roduced into Galicia from Mai
gorp up the evidence, which language affords, upon the
migration of the epee we commence with an old German name
* Gerle " or “ Girel," ged, according to pede n 1160. This

transferred to the Sack language has bec = Girole, " and by
the addition of moren (Móhre — a carr ren i esculent root)
became “ Gritzelmóren " in Hesse, and “ Kritzelmore " or

t
* Krotzelmore " in other parts of ie German Empire. Thence
it is easy to trace the Polish * Krucmorka” or * Kucmerka," and
the Russian * Kuczmerka.” The Germans, however, originated,
amongst others, a descriptive name, “ Zucke rwurzel," and this
gave rise, it seems, directly or indirectly to the Danish * Sokerot, ud
the Dutch * Suikerwortel, " and our English * Skirwort" or
the tran

incoming Skirret. From this second French name would come
the Spanish * Chirivia." Thus have we three sets of names; the
first derived from Girel, and common to the Russian, Polish,
Seien and French languages ; the second er, of
rman origin, and common to the Anglo-Saxon races; the
third apparently of French origin, and common wu French and
Spanish. Without dragging this form of evidence into too great
prominence, we may still see in it some indication of the way in
which the plant eiie. discussion has wandered through Europe.
The least widely spread names are likely to be the most modern,
and the most obscure in meaning and cause of application the
most ancient, And thus this points towards a German centre of
persal

Whether the French word “Berle” has any common origin
with “ Ge ” does not seem to have been discussed ; nor has the
origin of the Scotch word “ Crummock ” been clearly traced,

39282 N B

AN

42

Some writers have thought with the early botanists, such as
Fuchifos and Mattioli, that the Romans grew this plant. But if
of Podolian = Asiatic origin, and introduced to pom about
1100 A then the *Siler" which served the Rom as
vegetable, and a a superior form of which the Emperor "Tiberius
eaused to be brought as an annual tribute from the Rhine (Pliny,
Historia Naturalis liber xix., cap. 5), is not the skirret; and,
indeed, the statement that the roots needed dishing up with
honey to counteract their bitter taste almost proves this. = either
Columella’s nor Pliny’s plant appe - to be Sium Sisaru

England and France do not seem to have received the. ‘skirret
until the sixteenth century, ag once introduced into these

countries it was for more than a century in considerable favour -

either fried or boiled, or as a salad with penes odorata. Italso
seems to have had a medicinal use , just as Sium Ninsi is said to
have in the far East, as S. nodi iflorum — had in the London
Pharmacopeeia, and as S. latifolium in Franc
en tells us a. every German iretur in his day contained —

; but we have seen, this country, which appears to have |
didtriboted it to Wein Europe, now hardly grows it.

DOXLIV.—CACAO IN ECUADOR. (4

Kew is indebted to a correspondent for the following interesting —

ei ane of the production of Cacao in Ecuador. The par ies EC
given wit spect to Cacao blanco (Theobroma bicolor) à

eee for though it has not found its way into ioci
the richne cá = beans in fat may some day lead to their being
turned to nt. Trees have produced pods in the Botanie
Gardens at Trinidad, and Tes have been reared from the seeds.

SNR. J. V. SIGVALD MÜLLER to ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

cjo Sucesores de Rafael Valdez,
uayaquil, Ecuado
September 17, "1898.
DEAR pun
By sample post I forward to-day beans of Cacao Machala
(fine) and of C FE blanco, which also comes from Machala 0
the coast south here.
1, Guayaquil will this os SEDET above 3,500,000 Ibs. ot
Cacao, ires makes 200, 000 b
2. All

this i yi done with great care, and sometimes three to four days are
used in the process. But it is said that only one day is often used.
for the Cacao S from Balaoand Machala. Anyhow, it we

43

fermenting—which some German writer has called the rotting
process—that kills the seeds and develops the colour which the
nibs show when the seeds or beans are sliced lengthways. The
colour should be chocolate brown and perfectly even. Badly
fermented beans show the cotyledons greenish or bluish in part.

If the seeds are not fermented, they will sprout in the sacks
and destroy everything. It seems that the southern growers
only think about getting the vitality "erui while the
* Arriba " planters take very great care while doing

4. The harvest is over with the end of July, but hat is only
the main crop. All the year round the gathering of the fruits
goes on, but only the top price is pure! attained for the main
erop. Then * Arriba" is $2 to $3 above —— and Machala, and
not only el (equal 25d.), as now, between the three sorts. "A
September last Cacao Arriba stood at $29. Balao at $28, an
Machala at $27 per — of 100 Mean: (equal 1015 Erelich
pounds about). (In this land of the metre, Spanis 8. anc
English two-foot i X Spanish ee are really in use, the
yard being “ una rara.' )

9. Just below the foot of the western slopes of the Western
Cordilleras of Los Andes, the Cacao grows wild in dense bush.
Monkeys are known to have enlarged such natural gathering
grounds or formed new ones god them. The tree is inclined to
grow with many stems, but to be productive the stems are here
reduced to two or three. When planted they must have some
shade trees or bananas among them, but otherwise they are left
to themselves, except as to cutting out stems, In Trinidad (ex-
porting about half against Ecuador) the trees are topped and kept
low and wide apart.

6. There is no doubt the whole Guayaquil crop of red Caca
comes from one species, and this is the same that is zn u
and there planted in Bahia and Rio de Janeiro. In
(North Ecuador) a is at least one other variety, w mild vum or
nearly roundish fruits, but I have never succeeded in getting
specimens. "The beans are sold with those of the common n
The drawing of leaf and flowers and fruits in Treasury of Botany
exactly represents the Ecuadorean or Guayaquil ee (but
the bean is ov:

. sample of * Machala ” Cacao forwarded is so good in
quality that i it irri comes up to “ Arriba," which also proves
that it originates from the same tree. Fine “ Arriba” is nearly
bright red. Ge ge * Machala C and inferior * Arriba" dark
brown to very dark umber. (The beans are finally dried here on
the streets or quays along the river

The Cacao ws only succ ecessfully on certain stretches of the
immense delta of the River Guayas and the more southern rivers.
It requires an alluvial yellow loam as a subsoil, as far as I can see.

here grass will grow Cacao will not be a success. It is a forest
tree from the si (but not generally flooded) borders of great
rivers under the tropics. Eho plantations on the Cacao estates
are in larger or smaller patc

The * Arriba" Cacao rs mostly from the province “ Los
Rios,” Guayaquil being in the Province * Guayas," and Los Rios
being the delta higher up, “before the main river Guayas i is formed,

3282 : B 2

44

Whether the original home of the Cacao-tree is the Amazo

Valley or Ecuador, from Esmeraldas to the arid coast of Peru, is
a question. There are two Cordilleras with * Paramos," or snow

carried across eastwards and thus into the Orinoco delta and on to
Trinidad, etc.; Caracas being a centre, the one nearest to
Guayaquil.

or plant, as Sigsigbamha (Sigsig=a flowering reed, if I remember
rightly ; Bamha=a plain).

9. Amongst the Cacao from Machala comes what is called
“ Cacao blanco ” (Theobroma bicolor). It is very rare among the
^ Arriba." The seeds or beans are very similar and the pod
somewhat similar, but the leaf is different. The cotyledons of
* Cacao blanco " are white, and when fresh taste like an almond,
and are very oily. These seeds are, as far as possible, picked out

market. There is an additional reason for this. Neither rats or
other animals eat the Cacao bean, as far as I know, but rats are
very eager to get at the * Cacao blanco " bean
sack to get at a single bean. But in Spain, and I suppose in

v
B
E
4
E
m
[e]
u
d
o
d
e

er
of the abundant oil in the bean. Whether the admixture of this
spurious Cacao tree in the southern plantations is the result of
negligence or ignorance, or whether it has been made to meet the :
Spanish taste, I have not as yet formed an opinion, but the =
odern. Wh E
Quito was first occupied by the Shirris, a coast tribe from Puna .
(the island in the Gulf of Guayas) perhaps, they got to Quito from —
Bahia (not the Brazilian de San Salvador), due west of Quito.
De la Condamine in 1738 went also from Guayaquil up the coast,
and, I believe, as far as I can understand it, got to Quito by the
track from Esmeraldas, which he struck coming from ia.
The present route vid Los Rios (called vid Bahahay) was made
use of by his companions who had preceded him, but the delta
must then hardly have been fit for cultivation of any sort. i
Anyhow, the “Cacao blanco" cannot be indigenous to that
present great centre for the cultivation of Cacao, As far as E
know, the “Cacao blanco" is never shipped by itself. The
workmen and employés eat most of them. zd
The Cacao comes to Guayaquil taken out of the pods and
fermented and partly dried, This last is better done in Guayaquil,

45

which for months has no rain at all. As it comes down it is

Yous ids
(Signed) J. V. SIGVALD MÜLLER
The Director,
Royal Gardens, Kew.

DCXLV.—IMPROVEMENT OF SUGAR-CANE BY
CHEMICAL SELECTION.

the Kew Bulletin for 1894 (pp. 86-96), 1897 (p. 318), and
1898 (pp. 331-334), account was given of the method pursued at
Calumet Plantation, Louisian na, and subsequently in Queensland

This is based on the known variability of cultivated pana and
the consequent Ponin of enhancing any de sired character by
the continued selection of the plants in which that ee is
pe marked.

As long ago as 1886 it had been pointed out in a letter to the
Colonial Office from Kew that the saccharine contents of the
sugar-cane could be improved by d gues selection quite
ne of reproduction by se

ovell’s results at Barbados nave attracted the attention of

ation
in East Java. He has lately favoured us with the following
interesting letter, viduas is printed for the information of those
working on the subject

DIRECTOR, E TNR EXPERIMENT orice EAST JAVA,
o ROYAL GARDENS, KEW

Pasoeroean, March 26, 1899.
DEAR SIR,
IN the * Report of the results obtained on the reg
fields at Dodd’s Reformatory, 1897,” I see that you suggested t
Wien to try the selection of sugar-cane by chemical indi si
of ‘the
Nearly three years ago I proposed the same to the principals of
the experimental station at une oean. As I myself was
appointed Director in the same year a | commenced after my

and of nearly the same age might show a difference in available
sugar of from 7 to 8) per cent. I concluded therefrom that it

necessary to select cane-clumps. When the juice of a whole
cane-clump, except the ge has a great amount of available sugar

46

every cane of the clump must have it also, and the chance that its
descendants are rich in sugar is greater than when some canes are
very rich and others of the same clump are very poor, and the
cuttings of these rich canes used for selection. After I had
arrived at this conclusion, I analysed 5,000 cane-clumps belonging
to five varieties, and selected 10 per cent of the highest and 10 per

Since then I have reaped the canes grown from these cuttings,
and found that the descendants of the rich canes contained 1} per
cent. more available sugar than the descendants of the poor canes
(average of 3,200 analyses). I was astonished to find that the
rich canes’ descendants were heavier than the descendants of the
poor canes.

I continued the selection with canes from other varieties or
other fields (5,700 analyses), and found as a general rule that the

ich canes were the heaviest, and also that the heaviest canes were
the richest in available sugar. I concluded from this that both a
high content of available sugar and a heavy weight are inherited
by the descendants.

I selected 30,000 kgs. rich canes and 10,000 kgs. poor canes for
cuttings, and these showed again the same properties.

mention these investigations which, perhaps, escaped your
attention, as the pamphlets are written in Dutch. But you would
er them worth making known to sugar growers in the West
ndies.

I am, &c.,
; (Signed) J. D. KOBUS.
The Director,
oyal Gardens, Kew.

DCXLVL—A BUDGET FROM YUNNAN—continued.

The following letters are in continuation of those printed in the
Kew Bulletin for 1898, pp. 289-297 :—

EXTRACT from letter from Dr. A. Henry, F.L.S., to Royal
Gardens, Kew, dated Szemao, par Laokay, Tongking,
November 29, 1898.

| Collecting goes on apace; and I think the Szemao collection . |
will fully equal that of Mengtze, and it will be considerably:
different, wonderfully so when one considers that the two places

many species are common). Here
(6-10 species) Castanopsis (3 Spp.),

47

(3 spp.), Anneslea, are quite strange to one coming from Mengize.

I have just found Quereus lamellosa, a splendid tree, with
enormous beautiful acorns and very pretty foliage. The seeds of
the Castanopsis are edible, fairly so, and I daresay if as much

of the tree brings the seeds down in zen e ae small we
are provided with a mallet for this purpose. I came across a
Buddleia the other day (of which you grita aie cimens trom
Mengtze). It has very thick coriaceous leaves, covered with white
own underneath ; and, growing as it does in masses on the
highest parts of the mountains, it is very effective. The curious
Pyrus Delavayi is very common here, and occurs also high up.
It has large fruits, very like an apple, and fairly edible ; indeed, it
is the best wild Pyrus I have tasted. The ovules are four in ea ach
ren thus establishing a passage to the quince. Of these last two
send seeds.
fus Ses o Era u now are three species Desmodium,
which a The Cyrtandree are numerous, an
quite distinct Yon Kos of Mengtze. Of one era little one,
with orange flowers, I have obtained a lot of seed. The natural
orders here are represented very peculiarly. I haven’t seen a
Crucifer ; and Compositæ will, I think, rank in number of species
uite below many orders. One, a Ver nonia, is a dee sized tree.
nd of

icus, of course, is strongly B dicitis and i every ki
habi One h inflorescences borne on long peu pr which
start m the root and lower part of the branch and stretch
over the ground for 20, 30, or more feet. haven't seen a
rose, but, as usual, I have two or three very gene Rubi.
Ardisia is very MIR Be ; and, very curiously, all
occur together, 7.¢., all in ravines, and they flower ve

at the same time ; so tiefe does not seem to be any competition
h i e frui

remain on for several months, red or black, as the case may be.

Just now the most S Md ard thing is the occurrence of so
many kinds of white berries of a consistency like jelly. ie
is common in Cyrtandree, certain Rubiaceæ, and even the
nutlets of some woody Labiatæ are of this curious en e,
not to speak of Mesa, Chloranthus, &c. None of these occurred
at Mengtze, so far as I saw, although, of course, some were
collected for me in the more distant PUMA Rhododendron
only two species, but very beautiful shru

By a glance at the newly-described d you will see that
quite a number came from Mi-Le, which is considerably north of

engtze ; and I think the north-east of Yunnan and Kweichow

mere scratch of an exploration. Hundreds of such trips can be
made in Szechwan, Hupeh, Kweichow, and Shensi, and you may
quote this opinion to people who wish to get out the seed-
e rsen E I advocated. In fact, iene the great region
nort , of the Himalayas is explored, people

48

will have no idea of the richness of the world in beautiful plants.
I look upon this region as the central point from which the
Temperate Flora has originated, or has been broken up into
numberless species

I note what you say about fluviatile shrubs; but here I am
quite confined to my office and cannot get away on trips, and
so I am unable to make observations in quantity. I am also
spending a lot of time at the study of the Lolo language, as
I think it a pity to leave such an interesting field unexplored.
I have completed a good-sized dictionary, and translated a
number of booklets. There is much to be done Nc in the
study of living plants, but, alas! I haven't the time. I am
dependent, sed for the great richness of my collections in
alarge measure on the excellent native, old Ho, who is working
for me here as he did at Mengtze. The handling of the collec-
tions, labelling, packing, keeping free from insects and mould
takes up a good deal of time indeed. My Yunnan numbers now
reach 3.700, i.e., 1,200 new ones since the Mengtze collection.
I scarcely find. the Hasan surroundings so interesting as

Mengtze, s the forests are very uniform, and high mountains
don't occ I hope that the turn of the Service wheel may

he way p^ which the flora changes as one goes westward from —
Kwangsi ores deni and from Mengtze to Szemao. m 9
pıcking in with the Szemao set a number of plants sent me
from Lungchow by Mr. Morse; but two packets of duplicates 2
€ et ges sent by him were destroyed i fire 7? the

Manhao; a very annoying accident He found
T pilice een Hance, which is a wonderfully Beautiful
tree.

I hope you will succeed in growing San-ch’i. It should re
tried in the shade; and er will be of benefit,
this is done by the ‘cultivators. This plant is mainly cultivated
by the Yao aborigines who live in the mountains from Kwangsi
east to near here. These = eople are a at sub-genus

Er ress i

addicted to little cultures, such as of indigo, San-ch'i, &c. Their
language is unlike that of any of the other aborigines ; ; and
they merit a study. :

I am too far north for Benzoin. You ought to write in
connection with it to the Consul of Chiengmai, in Siam. ‘a

EXTRACT from letter from Dr. A. Henry, F.LS., to R oyal
jardens, Kew, dated Szemao, par Laokay, Tongking, a
December 20, 1898.
Collecting still goes on, and I have two boxes of Szemao plants
ready for Kew. There will be quite a large number of pete
hitherto supposed to be Indian only. I have just found Clematis

49

smilacifolia, which is a very grand plant indeed. e is
into flower now in the shade of the woods an Hdge-

worthia, which, I think, is new, as the leaves are iliret and
are also persistent. Like most of the plants which grow in
shade only, the flowers are white. As at Men ngtze, this is the
best season for plant collecting; the we oat ard emake
dry, and there are almost as many plants in
the spring, t.e., in the forests. In the dry, étpolédi hills "he
grass is withered brown, and eee is some appearance of
winter effects; but in the protection of the ravines there is, as it
were, spring. The temperature this morning was 4° C. only.

You remarked in your last letter that the Ginseng plant did
not Marce with you. You ought to try in the case of the

low toda over which leaves are sprea ad as a roof, so that the
plants only get a glimmering light. After the first year the
plants are always transplanted, and still kept growing under the
sheds just mentioned. In a similar way Coptis Teeta is
cultivated. These plants cannot apparently bear any direct
sunlight.

Some of Morse's Lungchow plants will go forward with my
next Ben He found Lysidice, a remarkable Cwsalpiniacea,
which must be a en beautiful tree, also a species of
Aden m a Malpighiac genus not hitherto recorded
from China, etc. He is now at t Pakhoi, ind I hope to receive
some plants from there from him.

I hope the revolving iin of the Service may send me to

of rivalling Delavay's collections from the mountains near Tali.
I am, of course, satisfied with Szemao, as it is really very interest-
ing in many ways; but I ee a away on trips, and my short
excursions are limited to forests which are very uniform in
character. Andina mountainous country one likes to have two
or three distinct floras to wo
My Lolo studies are se on. I have found out many curious
things in their writings. The occurrence of Taboo is interesting,
I think—in the way it occurs. Each s urname, as a rule, nee
a tree or animal name, and the bearers of the surname can’t touch
in any way the tree or anita belonging to them. This jase or
animal is, however, not considered sacred or an object of worship.
ases are—nearly all—explained as the visitation of evil

the word which e expresses the thing exactly. This
ditag omen—Slo-taæ in Lolo, is some uncanny occurrence
cow, e.g., getting on the rout of a house is sure to bring trouble in
the way of illness ; and the s/o-ta here concerned rhust be averted
by reading an appropriate ritual.

The Lolos have a rigid enough set of morals; but they are
entirely devoid, A think, of the idea of s/n. "They are very severe

on theft, and a man, e.g., cutting down a tree which blocks the
path is Moose to do wrong, but a man getting drunk, that is
not considered a wrong. In other words, they have the concep-

ion of wrongs, done by one person to another—infractions against

50

tribal rules, &c.---but of sin in the individual, hurting the
individual himself, there is no trace, I think

any idea of sin as an offence against spirits or gods. "There are
good and bad spirits—but they all seem really to be obnoxious,
ùe., causing disease and calamity; and they are worshipped by
sacrifice and ritual, or by sacrifice and exorcism (a more suitable
term, perhaps).

Here the Buddhist doctrine of transmigration and a Hades has
affected the Lolos ; but one can see it is a late ee and

has no bearing on their lives. They have no idols; and their
only priests are the Pé-mo or Exorcists, who are a in virtue
f the fact that they can read the appropriate rituals, 2.e.,
Pé-mo = priest = exorcist = literatus. The priest and the scholar
are not as yet differentiated. Witches, of course, occur. They
have also an ordeal which is curious. It is also very difficult to
account for their legends of the deluge, of Cyclopean men with
one eye, &c

DCXLVIL—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES.

Mr. Isaac HENRY BURKILL, M.A., late Temporary Assistant
in the Herbarium of the Royal Gardens, has been appointed
Principal Assistant in the Director's Office, Mr. Burkill was a
scholar of Gonville and Caius College, Cambridge, and Assistant
Curator of the University Herbarium. He received the Walsingham
medal in 1894,

Mr. HENRY HAROLD WELCH PEARSON has been appointed
by the Secretary of State for India in Council, Assistant (for
agr in the Herbarium of the Royal Gardens, in succession

tapf, promoted to be a Principal Assistant. Mr. Pearson
i Assistant Curator of the University Herbarium, Cente
Smart Student, Gonville and Caius College, and, as Wort
Travelling Student, visited Ceylon in 1897.

Mr. THOMAS WILLIAM BROWN, a member of the Gardening
Staff of the Royal Gardens, has been appointed by the Secretary
of State for the Colonies, on the recommendation of Kew, Acting
Curator of the Botanic Station at Aburi, Gold Coast, during the
absence on leave of the Curator, Mr. W. H. Johnson.

Mr. J. R. WIGMAN, son of the Curator of the Botanic Gardens,
Buitenzorg, Java, entered Kew for a course of training in
d has been appointed Curator a anp en Gardens, Para-

, in Dutch Guiana. He “I am forming je
den on the site of an a Pe plantatton: half an

51

hour’s walk from Paramaribo. It is almost overgrown again
with forest, and it lies so low that it gets mea during the rains.
am at present occupied in clearing and draining, making roads
of the felled trees, s opening ditches to carry off the water.
Along the roads I am planting Cassia florida, Peltophorum
arboreum, Albizzia PU wn and Eucalyptus alba."

Botanical Magazine for February.—Gentiana Burseri is a robus

allied to G. punctata. The specimen rd was sent to Kew
by the Rev. Canon C. J. Parker, of Mol ses Cheyney, Bristol.

Eleagnus macrophylla, native of Japan and Formosa, is note-
wort. y chie y on acc ount of its bright rose-red fruits, which
mature in May The drawing was made from a specimen

received from re Veitch’s ee Wood Nurseries. The

pretty Burmese Dendrobium capillipes was sent to Kew more
than a quarter of a century ago by the late Rev. C. Parish.
Ceanothus integerrimus, from California, is an ornamental shrub
with small white or pale-blue flowers crowded together in a large
terminal panicle. "The species has been in cultivation at Kew for
many years. Epilobium obcordatum, also from California, is a
beautiful plant for the rock-garden. it grows about 8 inches high
and bears rather large, bright rose-coloured flowers, in the axils
of the upper leaves. A living plant was sent to Kew by H. Selfe
Leonard, Esq., of Hitherbury, Guildford, in 1894.

Botanical Magazine for March.— Dryandra calophylla is a dwarf
shrubby plant, resembling some of the species of Banksia, to
which genus andra is closely related. All the species of
Dryandra are endemic to Western Australia, the one figured
being from King George's Sound, whence seeds were obtained by
Messrs. Veitch, of Chelsea, who communicated them to Kew
in 1893. Passiflora pruinosa is a handsome new species from
British — The m en Tarnished the specimen drawn
was raised from seed reċeived from Everard $ im Thurn, Esq.,

S
Cape Colony, whence it was intr trodu ced fito cultivation by
Mr. Max Leichtlin, of Baden-Baden. The Kew plant was dtes
from the Cambridge Botanic Garden in 1897, and flowered for
first time in the Bóndends House in April, 1898. Gynapleura
humilis is an interesting annual belonging to the Passiflorace
Seeds were sent to Kew from the Botanic Gardens of Gilde. 1 in
Chili, of which country the species is a native. Rosa acicularis,
var. nippone wie id solitary flowers with long narrow calyx
lobes, which e ually converge and surmount the mature fruit,
and deep m el petals. The variety differs from the
type in having glandular nn on the young branches and
pamaus Seeds were received from the Botanic Garden,
Sophie in Sri from which the plant figured was raised.

52

Karoo plants.—Visitors to No. VII. House at Kew, which is
mainly devoted to South African species, will have noticed a
collection of plants of the most singular aspect. Nature seems
to have aimed, and with entire success, at obtaining the maximum
of bulk with the minimum of surface from which water could be

the Zwarteberg w ebted for them e unceasing
ae ar of its old in Professor uc iy d as PS
rnment Botanist of Cape Colony. he following

iterating letter relates to some recent Eve el i of peculiar
interest :—

PROFESSOR MACOWAN to ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

Matjesfontein,

My DEAR FRIEND, October 5, 1898.

BY way of rustication, I aa myself for a few a here in
the Karoo, a dry and thirsty land where no water is, unless you
pump it up from the boasi of the earth. There has, therefore,
been opportunity to find for you the Crassula p whined alas for
which =~ were sighing in a not very ancient letter. Being taken

in a very dry time, and after the flowering se 'ason, there is all
the better chance of the specimens sent reaching you in condition.
I have found in practice at the Botanic Garden that every plant
which we succeeded in flowering invariably died off after that
piece of pbysiologie work. Hence it will be well to give your
trouble to the smaller specimens, and not to bother about the few
sent with the dry flower-heads still adhering to the stem apex.
With these are a good many of the common and uncommon
objects of the Karoo: two species of Pelargonium of the humpty-
dumpty sort, and another, not previously seen by me, with a string
of succulent stem-joints, large white ne and pale creamy
yellowish-white flowers—a pretty little thing.

Euphorbia Hystrix i is here—a very comical plant. When the
tufts are elliptical in shape it looks exactly like a great green
hedge-hog, more like that evil beast than like the legitimate
rad “ iron-pig," or les cii after which = a ge ret

name. There seems to be underground e
caudex, from which, by copious branching, all "eripi. "Model
huddled ramuli take their rise. The plant -I gathered among
the rocks above Wapperthal for E. Hystrix differed from this,
in that the caudex was distinctly above ground. Perhaps it may be
another species, but if it were buried three-quarters under ground
it would present exactly the above hedge-hog aspect. I have
some 25 ramuli of the Matjesfontein one, ready for exsiccation
when I return to town. The Arthrothamnus section of Euphorbia
should be cultivated so as to have them properly described, when ?
when you get to them. They cannot be described from exsiccata.
Moreover, the Ecklon and Zeyher exsiccata of Euphorbia that I

have are tuo bad for words. send one common species, which
I got out, in such condition that I think it may survive the travel
home. Some others, great fles on fellows, are far too big for
sending in this little parcel way. The worst of it is, they alter

incredibly in aspect when cultivated in the duro atmosphere

53

of Cape Town. A plant with thick corpulent fleshy ramuli will,
in culture, make a perfect fool of itself on starting growth after a
year’s stay in Cape Town, and, instead of keeping to the old
chubby pattern, slims off, which z distinctly unfair to =
u horticultural father who has maintaine im. Som
figures of E. Caput-Meduse in En lish works, and ii whats
are vitiated thus; they make us Capensians lau

hope you will e ep to rea wes Mem is > written erg an
aged pen, which s to hav n years of s the
Karoo, and ink dde burg of etd var of tmt lead and
sour beer

Now I must give over; the pen is restive.
Faithfully,
(Signed) Y. MACOWAN.

Medallion of Sir wee Hooker.—An addition "né da large

collection of portraits of eminent botanists and travellers has
recently been made he kind consideration of sie President
o of the Linnean Society of London, who e

presented a framed cast in bronze of the original model of
Sir Joseph Hooker, G.C.S.I., C.B., P.-P.R.S., executed by Mr. Frank
Bowcher. It is an excellent portrait of Sir Joseph at the age
of 80, and records the completion of the “ Flora of British India”
and of a period of sixty years service to science. It has been
placed in the Museum.

A gold medal, specially Struck for the occasion for which the
medallion was 'des signed, was presented to Sir Joseph Hooker
at the Anniversary Meeting of the Linnean Society on May 24,
1898.

“Congo Sticks.”—We are indebted to Messrs. Henry Howell
and Co., of 180, Old Street, for a further contribution to the
series of umbrella sticks and walking canes which have from
time to time been presented by them to the Museums of the Royal
Gardens. The specimens now received are the rough and finished
sticks known in the trade as Congo sticks. The word “ Congo”
is a purely commercial name, the sticks being saplings of the
Chestnut Sentit me um which apparently offers advantages

over other woods for manipulation while growing. The

sticks are valued are produced by lacerating the bark through to

the wood while growing. They were formerly obtained from the

north of mde but are no w almot exclusively produced in

Austria-Hungary, the m eia district being near Carlstadt, in
roatia,

Karité Tree.—Messrs. uem Irvine and Co. wrote from
Liverpool, 25th August, 1897

“Some months ago I iot to you about a bean which Felix
Dubois referred to in his book on *Timbuctoo, and you then
stated your conviction that it was the Shea Butter NU ded
permum Parkii, Kotschy).

54

The account of it in Dubois’ book whetted my appetite, as its
description met a want which I knew to exist in a particular
branch of business, and I wrote to him to the care of his
publisher, and yesterday I received a most interesting letter from
him from the Niger. A copy of it, as far as it refers to the Karité
bean, I send for your information ; I daresay the whole of it is
already known to you, but it may not be, and, in any event, will
be interesting.”

[ Enclosure. |

Copy of letter from M. Felix Dubois to Mr. James Irvine,
dated Dienne, July 2nd, 1897.

My publisher forwarded your letter of May 10th, which reaches
me here while on a fresh journey in the Niger country

It is with the greatest pleasure that I send "you some
information respecting the Karité tree. I can do so better from
here than elsewhere. At this moment the Karité nuts are ripe—
they resemble small green apples. 'lhe green skin is very
agreeable to eat ; unfortunately on each fruit there is only a very
small capi ee natives likeit very much. Under this skin is
a large nut, in size and appearance like the Indian Chestnut
(ZEsculus indica, gu ulePe with a thin light brown covering, and
inside a whit

It is this ne nut Mig gives the Karité butter. It Ep
in faet just like chocolate. 'lo our European scent it is even
nasty. In fact, this fruit is p. really known in Eu: 2n ont
the very slightly scented butter which is produced

On the other hand, the travellers (Mungo Park b p
who were the first to notice it, probably were never present at the
process of making the Karité butter, but contented themselves
with the natives' account of the manufacture. Otherwise, certainly
that smell of chocolate would have struck them. In order to be
rid of that smell the nut must be taken out of the skin and dri
When the dried nut is put in boiling water the smell of the chocolate
leaves it, and the liquid takes the colour of chocolate. Also, I am
told that certain of our officers in the Sondan have the uut
roasted and ground, and then use it as chocolat

(Signed) inate DUBOIS.

Dr. Schweinfurth, in “ The Heart of Africa” hes 1,1 P. =
refers in the following words to this useful tree, he sa
fruit is as large as a good sized apricot, and is e in
a green rind. This envelope can be kept till it is as enjoyable as
a Medlar, and is considered one of the chief fruits of the country.
From the kernels of this widely known tree an oil is expressed,
which, — bed pave of * but za of Galam, is a recognised
article of co in Gambia ; it has an unpleasant flavour
which a it L not. at Can a lehio anti to the table, and
80, for «d it has but an insignificant value. Its most valuable
ope: that at a temperature: of 68° Fahr. it beco mes as
solid as tallow. .
“The tree ige is very handsome, having a bark which is
regularly mar y polygonal rifts in its surface, and which
permits it to to bel likened to an oak,"

55

A full account of what was known at the time of the Shea
Butter Tree, together par details gathered from Mungo Park's

Travels. will be found in the Pharmaceutical Journal (Vol. IX.
[ser. 3], es p. 81 Fas

In Museum No. 1 e 69, are specimens fully illustrating cs
indiistrial ae ‘of this tree, together with examples of t
seeds as they appear in commerce. It may be well to set EN:
that the Herbarium of the Royal Gardens contains a specimen of
a variety collected at Borgu, by Mr. Barter, which is small-leaved,
and flowers three weeks before the ordinary tree.

Stapelia gigantea, N. E. Brown. Recent discoveries point to
the fact that in size and distribution this plant is the most
remarkable of the whole tribe of Stapelieæ. Not only has it very
much larger flowers, but its geographical range is vastly more
extensive than any other known species, as the plants of this tribe
are notably somewhat local or restricted in their distribution.
S. gigantea was originally discovered by Mr. R. W. Plant, whilst
collecting in Zululand, and at his death a living ud was brought,
with the rest of his belongings, by his Caffir servants to Durban,
Natal, where it is recorded as having flowered in 1860; and a por-

on the en Range, à nd near the Nylstroom River, in the
Transvaal. In 1887 a specimen and a living plant were sent to
Kew by Professor MacO wan, collected at Walfisch Bay, in Great
Namaqualand, quite the other side of the Continent. And; lastly,
specimens were sent to Kew, in 1897, from British Central Africa,
y Mr. Kenneth J. Cameron, who states that it is “found growing
wild at Namasi," in Nyasaland. This species has a ra nge, erue
fore, through about thirteen degrees of latitude and se
degrees of longitude, being found within and without qe ee
and on both sides of the Continent of Africa.
N. E. BROWN.

Serenoa serrulata as a remedy.—The Desine letter draws
attention to the therapeutical value of the se f the “Saw
Palmetto,” which is abundant in the sandy piers of the Southern
United States. A previous and more detailed MET will be
found in the Planters’ Gazette (May 31st, 1879, 123). A
tanning extract is obtained from ng leaf-stalks ; see ae
tical Journal, July 6th, 1895, p. 4

PROFESSOR C. S. SARGENT TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

A | Harvard University,
maica Plain, Mass., February 4th, 1899.

My DEAR DYER,

We are sending you by express a small box area various
seeds fe a supply of fruit of Serenoa serrulata for the Economic
Museum. This fruit is now very largely used in this country in

56
the preparation of fluid extracts, about two hundred and fifty tons

ns .
highly prized for the treatment of all diseases of the mucous
membrane, and especially for the alleviation of troubles of the
prostate gland.
Faithfully yours,
(Signed) C. S. SARGENT.

Sir William Thiselton-Dyer, K.C.M.G.,
Royal Gardens, Kew

Chinese Nora Fungus. — The ONE communication
relates to a fungus, apparently new’ to science, no account of
which, or of its supposed virtues, appears » exist in the literature
of Chinese medicira

It will be désaribed as Paxillus Osteopwon, Mass.

Mrs. E. L. KEMP TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

Beechwood, Rochda
August "fih, 1897.
SIR,

I MUST apologise for troubling you, but my daughter has
sent home the enclosed Mongolian mushrooms from China, and
is anxious to know, if possible, what species they are
largely used there as medicine for diseases of the bone, and with
good results. If you can give me any information about them I
shall feel very much obliged.

Yours Iu e
(Signed) EwmiLY L. KEMP.

ah

ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

BULLETIN

MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.

No. 149-150.] MAY and JUNE. [1899.

DCXLVIII.—CAMPHOR.
(Cinnamomum Camphora, Nees.)

Enquiries continue to be made as to the cultivation of the tree
producing this substance. A brief note was given in the Kew

anapara ety small. A new lication is, however, likely to
increase its consumption, edite: indefinitely. This is described
in thefollowing words by Sir Frederick Abel, in a letter printed
in the Bulletin :—

*'lhis substance has been used extensively for many years

NDA which is applied to the manufacture of imitation ivory,
tortoise-shell, horn, and a great variety of purposes.

An excellent account one pave gig history and economic
applinatione of the cam was issued in 1897 by =
Division of Botany of ihe "United States Department of Agr
culture, Circular No. 19. It is — n with some slight
condensation :—

* DESCRIPTION.

“ The camphor tree is an evergreen, related to the bay and to the
sassafras of the United States. In its native habitat it attains a
helgat of 60 to 100 feet, with wide-spreading branches and a
trunk 20 to 40 inches in diameter. The leaves are broadly lanceo-
late in form, acuminate at both base and apex, of a light green
colour, smooth and shining above and whitish or glaucous on the
under surface. The lower pair of lateral veins are more prominent
than the others, but the leaves are not as distinctly 3-nerved as

5412—1375—799 Wt 92 D&S 29

58.

those of the cinnamon and many other species of the genus. The
small white or. greenish-white flowers are borne in axillary

n,
and are followed in October by berry-like, one-seeded fruits about
three-eighths of an inch in diameter. The fruiting pedicels ter-
minate in a saucer-shaped disk, persisting after the mature fruit
has fallen.

“NATIVE RANGE.

* The camphor tree is native in the coast countries of Eastern
Asia from Cochin China nearly to the mouth of the Yang-tse-
kiang, and on the adjacent islands from the southern part of the
Japanese Empire, including Formosa and the Loochoo Islands, to
Hainan, off the coast of Cochin China. Its range also extends into
the interior of China as far as the province of Hupeh, about 500
miles from the coast on the Yang-tse-kiang, in latitude 30? north.
This area, extending from 10° to 34° north latitude and from 105°
to 130? east longitude, is all embraced in the eastern monsoon
region, which is remarkable for abundant rains in summer. :

“The camphor trees growing wild in the native range are

freezing. The tree is an evergreen, changing its leaves generally
in April, aud therefore the winter temperature is a factor of
more importance than would be the case with a deciduous tree.

* RANGE UNDER CULTIVATION.

naturalized in Madagascar. It flourishes at Buenos Ayres. It
thrives in Egypt, in the Canary Islands, in south-eastern France,
and in the San Joaquin Valley in California, where the summers
are hot and dry. Large trees, at least two hundred years old, are
growing in the temple courts at Tokyo, where they are subject to
a winter of seventy to eighty nights of frost, with an occasional
minimum temperature as low as 12? to 16° F. The most northern
localities in the United States, where the camphor tree has been
grown successfully out of doors, are Charleston and Summerville,
in South Carolina, Augusta, Ga., and Oakland, Cal.
* At Charleston, Sommerville, and Augusta the trees have with-
tood a minimum temperature of 15? F., but they have been
protected by surrounding trees and buildings. At Mobile, Ala.,
the trees have grown and fruited in protected situations, while in
exposed places they have been repeatedly destroyed by frosts.
While the camphor tree will grow on almost any soil that is not
too wet, it does best on a well-drained sandy or loamy soil, and it
responds remarkably well to the application of fertilizers. Its
growth is comparatively slow on sterile soils, but under favorable —
conditions it sometimes grows very rapidly. instance i$ .
recorded of a camphor tree in Italy a foot in diameter and 90 feet
high, eight years from the seed. Under ordinary conditions,

59

however, such a Bu is not often attained in less than twenty-
five years, and such a height is ae et attained in a century.
Under favorable conditions an average of 30 feet in height, with
trunks 6 to 8 inches in diameter at tlie base, may be expected in
trees ten years from the seed.

* USES OF THE TREE AND ITS PRODUCTS.

* The principal commercial uses of the camphor tree are for the
production of camphor and camphor oil. Camphor is employed
extensively in medicine. It enters into the composition of many

inds of liniments for external application. For Dt it is
iod especially in combination with olive oil. It is taken inter-
nally for hysteria, nervousness, nervous headaches, Vierte, and
me affecting the alimentary canal. It is a specific in cases of
typhoid fever ad cholera. Camphor fumes have been used with
success in cases of asthma. It pal been used very extensively to

rs etc. n

camphor oil are used in lac cqu er WGE, The oil is somewhat
pee to turpentine, and could doubtless be used b. D

n varnishes and shellacs. It is now used in the manufactur
toilet soaps. In Japan n and China it d been used for TH iéating
ee but it produces a smoky flam

“Among the secondary uses of ho amphor tree the most
important is for ornamental planting. Its bright evergreen
E

South America for ornamental purposes.

“The wood, with its ee grain, yellow colour, and suscepti-
bility to polish, taking a kind of gatin-like finish, is rae ma
valua c in cabinetwork, especially for making draw rs, chests,

and cupboards proof against inse The leaves add young
Brian although they ve pui a slight odour of camphor, are
packed with clothing or scattered about unused rooms to guard
against insects.

“The tree produces an abundance of berry-like fruits, which
are used in Japan and China to make a kind of tallow. The
fruits are greedily eaten by chickens and birds.

* CONDITIONS OF SUCCESSFUL CULTIVATION.

* For most of the secondary purposes, the camphor tree my
well be cultivated wherever it can be made to live; but
commercial distillation, and for the production of wood lor
cabinet purposes, it "y st be grown under the most favorable
conditions. The minimum winter temperature should not be
elow 20? F., and this minimum should be of rare rare occurrence.

t rains. Fifty inches of water during
warm growing season is desirable, and much more may well
be used where the air is very dry.

3412 | A 2

60

* An abundance of plant food, rich in nitrogen, is required for
rapid growth, but the kind of ferti lizer that can be most profitably
applied will vary according to the character of the soil in each —
locality. In the absence of defi ite information in this regard
the kind of fertilizer producing most rapid growth of wood in the
orange or in other fruit trees may be taken as an index

* PROPAGATION.

ER VH oct NEW ind uere STE ALIE TET CAE REA is

* Camphor trees may be grown either from seed or from
cuttings. They are usually grown from seed, as the trees fruit
abundantly, and seedlings can be grown more easily than cuttings.
The seeds are collected at maturity in October and November,
and after drying are packed in sharp white sand or some similar — - :
material to keep them fresh until the time of planting in spring.
About = last of March they are sown in drills in the seed bed.

soil of the seed bed should be a good sandy loam mixed
er abe one-third leaf mould. The seed bed should be kept
moist, but not too wet, and should be shaded from the direct rays
of the sun if the weather is warm. The best soil temperature tor —
germinating camphor seeds is from 70? to 75? F. The temperature — .
of the atmosphere may be ten degrees higher. The seedlings wil =
grow well at higher temperatures, but are likely to lack vigour and
hardiness.

*'lhe seedlings may be grown in pots, which will facilitate
transplanting at any time, or they may be transplanted in nursery
rows early in April Mes one year old. Plants two years old are —
gehopitiy s regarded as best for final planting. At this age they
vary from 20 to 40 inches in height.

Ben,
RE

d : "pe "
Pa tr ater Ae I Eo N I a A RE,

* PLANTING AND CULTIVATION.

“In Japan, where the law requires that a new tree shall be set
out for every one cut, they are not generally set in straight orchard ;
rows, but cultivation there is performed almost ~ by
hand labour. There are no records showing results of regular |
orchard planting, eed ee distances at which one should be _
planted must be determined by the size and form of the trees .
and the methods of Elan and of procuring the gum. They
may be set closely in rows about 10 feet apart, and alternate rows
= and reset every five years, thus producing bush-like plants 0

n years’ growth. They may be planted in checks 10 feet square,
e alternate trees cut every ten or twelve years, or they may
planted in larger checks, and all of the trees be cut at the age of
fifteen or twenty years. z

here are not sufficient data obtainable upon which to base =.
deitate statements as to the best methods of planting, or the age me
at which the trees may be cut with greatest profit. A recent |
English consular report from Japan states that * although hitherto
the youngest wood from which camphor was extracted was about 1
seventy to eighty years old, it is expected that under the eem =

than twenty years old, 1 pound of erude e ded
from 17 Tonnis of leaves and twigs.

61

oe The trees will endure severe pruning with little apparent
injury. One-third of the leaves and young shoots ma

* DISTILLATION.

“ In the native forests in Formosa, Fukien, and Japan, camphor
is distilled almost exclusively from the wood of the trunks, roots,
and larger branches. The work is performed by hand labour, and
the methods employed seem rather crude. Different methods of
distillation are employed in different districts, but those in use
in the province of Tosa, in Japan, appear to be the most skilful.
The camphor trees are felled, and the trunk, larger limbs, an
sometimes the roots, are cut into chips by hand labour with a
sharp concave adze.

[1j

stream which runs out of a hole in one side. The smaller one
is inverted with its edges below the water, forming an air-tight
chamber. This air chamber is kept cool by the water falling on
the top and running down over the sides. The upper part of the
air chamber is sometimes filled with clean rice straw, on whic
the camphor crystallizes, while the oil drips down and collects
on the surface of the water. In some cases the camphor and oil
are allowed to collect together on the surface of the water and
are afterward separated by filtration through rice straw or by
ressure.

“About twelve hours are required for distilling a tubful by.
this method. Then the chips are removed and dried for use in

not too great, producing a steady supply of steam ; (2) the steam
L t t ; im 2 ; ; = $

62

“SUGGESTED IMPROVEMENTS.

* Many improvements upon the methods described can doubt-
less be made, tending both to a reduction in cost and an increase
in the proportion of crude material obtained. Instead of an adze
wielded by hand labor a machine similar to the ‘hog’ used for
s up waste slabs in sawmills may be used to reduce

r limbs to the requisite fineness for distillation. Better
distilling apparatus can probably be devised. Thermometers may
be introduced to determine the heat in the distilling tub, and the
furnace aed be so arranged as to permit better control and greater
economy in fuel. Camphor and camphor oil are both slightly
soluble in Mtas and the condensing chamber should be improved
80 as to recover the product that is being Bed Carried off in
the running stream which cools the cha mber

“OUTLOOK FOR FUTURE MARKET.

“The consumption of camphor in the United States, as
measured by the importations, has been decreasing during the .
past ten years, while the price has been increasing.

e tariff act approved July 27, 1897, imposes a duty of

6 ae per pound on refined camphor ‘and leaves crude camphor
on ihe free list, as heretofore.

ere has been an increase in importations of refined camphor,

= to improved methods of refining and packing in Japan and to

changes in the tariff, but this increase has been much more than

counter-balanced by the decrease in importations of crude camphor.

e decrease may be attributed to the following causes: (1) the
exhaustion of the supply of the available camphor trees near the
shipping ports ; (2) the ee restrictions on the trade in
camphor in Formosa; (3) government taxes on the exportation
of camphor from Formo osa ; m hostilities and wanton destruction
of camphor stills by the natives in Formosa ; (5) disturbances in
the camphor-producing district of China; (6) the China-Japan
wars ; (Tj attempts by speculators to corner the market.

* These causes have inereased the price of camphor, and this in
turn has led to the introduction of substitutes. Ment thol and
ot ther r pe ppermint eism desee or Aes ame carbolic acid and its

alin

argin of profit at present prices. It is therefore apparent that
if "the production of camphor from the trees is to be carried
on with profit in this country, and the industry increased to any
considerable extent, the price of camphor must be co uced to

l :

all related to the ordinary iste or Abad but only two bue T

rneo camphor and Blumea camphor, are of any importance
commercially.

_ “Borneo camphor is obtained from the camphor tree of Borneo

and Suma obalanops aromatica. It is deposited in clefts

and hellows in the wood, and Yes simply to be taken out. ker

63

camphor is iu open iei rare, and the supply is consumed almost
exclusively in China, where it is valued at from thirty to ninety
times as much as Wut pero

“ Blumea camphor is obtained by distillation from Blumea

balsamifera, a shrub growing in Burma and the Malay
Peninsula is is usually refined in Canton, ence abo
10,000 pounds are exported annuall ce of this supply
is abundant, and as the industry develops it is to enter
more into en m ordinary ca or ither of thes
plants can be grow the United States, except possibly in
southern ida, without ge against cold.
“LYSTER H. DEW

* Assistant in Division of Botany:
* Washington, D. C.,
* August 12, 1897. T

ere a brief note on Borneo camphor wood in the Kew
Bulletin for 1887 (September, p. 15), and a full account of Blumea
camphor in the volume for 1895 (pp. 275-277, with plate, and
also 1896, p. 73).

PRODUCTION IN CHINA.

Dr. Henry, the well-known Chinese Botanist, gives the follow-
ing account in the Pharmaceutical Jowrnal (March 6, 1897,
p. 201) :—

The camphor tree, Cinnamomum Camphora, Nees, is indi-
genous to Japan, Formosa, and the central and southern provinces
of China. It has been known to the Chinese from ancient times,
but ^pperenuy until 300 or 400 years ago only as a valuable
timber

The d first in use was undoubtedly the Borneo camphor,
and, as Hanbury says (* Pharmacographia," p. 512), “at what
period and at whose instigation the Chinese began to manufacture

camphor from the camphor laurel is not known.” Hanbury

is, «“«K omm aroun
Pakhoi, but not —— (Playfair). E oeil č Dr. Henry states
that the wood is much used in Central China, but no camphor is
extracted.” Until * dee years ago, then, no camphor was pro-
duced on the mainland of China, but it is crecer to note that
the camphor industry has been started in China and that there
are signs that it nen become important. This 3 all the more

64

roduction of camphor in Formosa, and has, no doubt, in con-
templation the creation of a large revenue by enhanced prices in
the future.

For a history of the vicissitudes of the camphor trade in
Formosa itself the reader is referred to the Chinese I.M. Custom
* Decennial Reports for 1882-91" (pp. 439, 466). En passait
this is a most valuable work for all questions connected with
Chinese commerce, the history of the treaty ports, etc. t is
replete with en of all kinds, and is illustrated with
maps, plans, and diagram

The growth of the phot industry on the mainland of China
is shown by the following facts, taken from various China
Customs’ Yellow-books. From the List of Chinese Medicines
(Misc. Series, No. 17), which gives details of the trade in drugs of
all kinds for the year 1885, it appears that camphor was unknown
as a product of the mainland, except in the single province of
Chekiang, there being the small export that year from ingpo of
25 pieuls. Ningpo exported 32 piculs in 1889, 40 piculs in 1890,
and none since apparently. The Customs’ Trade pei for the

mphor

duction in other parts. wloon exported 88 pica in 1888,
106 piculs in 1892, 87 picals in 1883. This was conveyed in
junks, and its provenance is doubtful, but it was perhaps from
the province of mr Ca vases exported 122 piculs in 1893,
37 pieuls in 1894, and 237 piculs in 1895. This is Kwangsi
camphor. The Pakhoi Trade Renae? for 1894 states that the first
record of the article was in 1892; in 1893 the export was
23 piculs, _— increased to 128 piculs in 1894, and “it comes
from Lu-chuan, near Yu-linchou, and is likely to grow in
importance, as plantations in that and other places in the neigh-
bourhood are coming to the be earing age." In the Pakhoi Trade
Report for 1895, the export is given as 596 piculs, and the writer
says that this gratifyi ing increase is due to the extended cultiva-
tion in Kwangsi. In Formosa on nly old and enormous camphor
trees are utilised, and I am lag to doubt of the existence of
camphor plantations in Kwangsi ; the camphor produced is more
likely to be from old forest trees. The Chinese, at any rate, did
not plant any trees with a view to the manufacture of camphor.

In 1895 the exports of camphor from different Chinese ports
were :—Foochow, 187 piculs ; an piculs; Canton, 237 piculs:
Kowloon, 63 pieuls, and Pakhoi, 596 pieuls. In the Fukien
province there are large forests, aid cbe trees abound. Some
years ago a party of Japanese went into the interior of Fukien to
manufacture camphor, but nothing came of this attempt. e
Foochow export is probably the product 7 this province, but that
of Amoy is doubtful, asit may be Formosan camphor smuggled
over to the mainland in junks. The export "of the other three ports is
produced in the Kwangsi province, and this will pro robably grow
into large figures if camphor continues hih enough in price to
encourage the Chinese in its manufactu

To sum up, the production of cc on the mainland of 22

China is an affair of the last few years. It began in Chekiang,

but has practically ceased in that province. In Kwangsi it com —

menced a short time ago, and p develop into imp
The Fukien product is only trifling £ so far. b

65

PRODUCTION IN FORMOSA.

The following is extracted from the Foreign Office Report on
Trade in Japan for 1897. (Misc. Series, 440, pp. 71-72.)

The trade in camphor will probably undergo some modification.
Camphor trees are not found in that part of the island (of Formosa)
qup by Chinese settlers. They occur only in the country of

e aborigines, or upon th e UE dep and up to the present
dito the destruction of trees has been carried on gps the most

money to the savage chiefs for permission to cut down het The
stills were erected at the expense of the foreigners, who paid a
tax of 8 dol. a still to the epar authorities, and a local tax
of 10 dol. on éách picul (133 lbs.) of camphor produced. When
the pix was ceded to the nn ho privileges which foreigners
had oyed under Chi rule, of having these camphor
ee diis in the tee seemed likely to be withdrawn by
the Japanese Government. The Chinese treaty, much more than
the Japanese, gives freedom of travel and trade to the foreigner ;
and if the limitations zn c our treaty with Japan vee en
strictly enforced in Formosa, foreigners would have had t
to the treaty ports. They would have been debarred from distilling
or purchasing camphor in the interior, and they would
suffered heavy losses in abandoning the capital Auer sunk eg
Considering that the present treaty had only two more years to
run, the Japanese Government has consented to let matters remain
in statu quo; and when hier the new treaty, geb quu obtain
a right to settle anywhere in the interior, they wi able to
distil as much as they like. But there is also a probability that
the preparation of camphor will be made a Government monopoly.
With the Formosan supply under its control the Japanese Govern-
ment could almost secure a monopoly of the camphor trade, for
E and Formosa are almost the only ee of supply ; and
advantage may be taken of this to put For s finances on à
satisfactory basis. The lands where the ee see grow
not privately owned as is the best portion of Formosa’s fertile
plains, so the Government could appropriate the a. pro-
ducing distriets without rn with vested interests

The following further information isgiven in the Report on the
Trade of Tainan for 1897 (Foreign Office Annual, 2149, pp. 5-6) :—

The camphor trade has, so far as concerns foreign er in
South Formosa, almost kra stopped, owing, other
causes, to the disturbed state of the country and the diffculty and
danger of sending money into the camphor pues The roads
continued throughout the year to be infested wi robbers
who, on the approach of the military or polis. fled | to the hills
(where it was, apparently, impossible to pursue eger only to
reappear at the first favourable opportunity. Robberies became
of such frequent occurrence that no foreign or native echan
would venture to send money into the interior. e Japanese
expedire on their part, did not see their hind to allow the tax
to n the treaty port on arrival of the camphor, and busi-
ness was Goa tensity brought to a standstill,

66

In the raids and skirmishes, too, which have taken place in the
camphor-producing districts, numbers of stills have been destroyed.
Their destruction was, perhaps, Rear butas they were almost
entirely erected with money advanced or loaned by foreign
merchants in South Formosa, the Mosel invi by the latter
have been very considerable. It is estimated that not one-third
of the stills in existence two years ago, in which foreigners in
South Formosa are interested, ie now available for camphor
production.

The hope expressed by Her Majesty's Consul in last year's
report, that the camphor trade might revive and assume large
ete has us been Eee in ee far from this being the

e, the camphor export busin s far as South Formosa is
ee has now (April, 1898) almost stopped.

These remarks, of course, apply exclusively to the export of
camphor by foreign merchants in this district (South Formosa)
who have in the past invested considerable sums of money in the
business. The production of camphor in the districts of Rinkipo
and Shu Shu (Hunlin and Chip Chip), the principal districts
whence the drug came to South Formosa, still, I am informed,
versis though to nothing like the same extent as formerly ;

all the camphor so produced finds its way vià the port of
Rokko (Lokkang) to Tamsui, whence it is shipped to Hong Kong
and Japan. The roads north of Rokko are said to be perfectly
safe, so that dealers can Senet the neighbourho od of Chip Chip

and buy up any camphor that, under other circumstances, should
and would go to the foreign firms in Tainan, with whose money
the business was first started. Things may remedy themselves

in course of time, but ee outlook at presen is certainly not very
bright.

The following table shows the export of camphor from this
port since, practically, the commencement of the trade :—

Tan Number of Boxes
s Exported.

1892 ud > es = 4, 315
1893 Ts a = ie 6,691
1894 (ut a ise E 1» 157
1895 ds is is x 10, Er
1896 PUR die s s

1897 ie dem me pe 3 (t

NoTk.—One box contains about one picul (133) lbs.) of camphor.

PRODUCTION. IN CEYLON.

The cultivation of the camphor tree has attracted some

Rn in Ceylon. But, as will be seen from the following
ndence which has appeared in the Ceylon Observer,

both it and the production of the drug are in the experimental =

67

SUPERINTENDENT, HAKGALA BOTANIC GARDENS, TO
EDITOR “CEYLON OBSERVER."

Botanic Gardens, Hakgala
April 6th, 1898.
DEAR SIR,
FERRING to your question as to what is being done with
camphor cultivation in Ceylon, I may add the following to what
rote you on the llth of February last. Wishing to satisfy
FEART that solid camphor exists in the leaves and twigs of even
very young plants, I sent a small bundle of prunings, from pase
planted out at the end of 1895, to Mr. S. A. Owen, of
W. Jordan & Co., of Land as who had very kindly RE BER n 3
make the experiment for I am pleased to n that he has
been very successful in ina am solid camphor from them ; and
as this is of general interest to planters, I shall be ch obliged if
you will be good enough to publish Mr. Owen's letter in an early
issue of your paper
The prunings from an aromas plant 28 months’ old, as grown
here, oigh from 10 to 12 Ib
e a good many plants that want pruning, and if applied to
before 1 the end of this month, April, I shall be very glad to supply
10 or 20, or 35 Ib. M dd to any person wishing to make the
experiment for himse
I am, &e.,
W. NOCK.

MR. S. A. OWEN to SUPERINTENDENT, HAKGALA BOTANIC
GARDENS

Talawakele, March 30, 1898.
DEAR MR. NOCK,
THANKS for the parcel of camphor prunings duly received.
I have Rp several experi ienis The following is the account of
method employed and resu idis
x »* * * *

A gallon iron kettle was packed with 13 lb. of leaves and small
twigs, together with about two pints of water. The cover of the
kettle was luted on and the spout fitted with a cork, while a long
glass tube proceeded from the cork to a condenser. Applied heat
gradually, and kept it up for five hours. At the end of this time
the sides of the condenser were coated with camphor, and small
lumps were floating in the water which distilled over. All the

r was erigi. carefully and dried between bibulous
paper (to absorb most of the adhering oil) It then weighed
55 Larane, which is er to 12 ounces to the cwt. or 15 1b. to

1 chink the results Moke encouraging, as the leaves and yot
parts of the camphor tree contain but a very small Bodo ‘Of
camphor "compared with the trunk-wood. Indeed, I believe that

in Formosa and other camphor-producing countries, itis customary
to Mit othor discard the branches and leaves and use the main-
wood only.

68

I should think that planters who have young camphor trees
cominz on here in Ceylon would find it well worth their while to
utilise their prunings—especially if firewood is available and
cheap, as this latter item would be practically the only expense,
beyond the small amount of labour required and the initial
expense of a still, which latter could be easily extemporised out of
almost any kind of large iron vessel to which heat could be applied.
As the camphor tree is a long while coming to maturity, con-
go debes of this kind ought to be borne in mind.

I have pleasure in erclosing a small sample of the camphor
obtained. As you will see, it has a rather dirty appearance, due to
unavoidable impurity and the sample smells of camphor oil, =
these are easily got rid of in the process of refinement.
enclose a small sample of the same camphor partly purified: b
sublimation.

You are, of course, very welcome to make what use you like of
this account of these small experiments, whether by publication
or otherwise. No doubt it would be encouraging to those who

that there is T in our locally grown trees. I have heard of

one or two misgivings as to whether the soil and climate here
would favour the formation of camphor in the tree.

Yours faithfully,

(Signed) - S. A. OWEN.

DCXLIX.—PERUVIAN RUBBER.

Up to the present = little or nothing has been known
botanically with respect to Peruvian rubber. Our knowledge,
in point of fact, was Rest well limited to the following statement
reprinted in the Kew Bulletin for 1892, p. 69, from a valuable
article in The India-rubber and Gutta Percha and Electrical
Trades Journal :—

“There comes from Peru, at the sources of the Amazon and its
tributaries, a rubber resembling the Nicaragua Sheet, and called
Caucho. This rubber is very > and consequently shrinks very
much, which is a serious drawback. It is considered a go
strong rubber, and it is utilised = a considerable extent by the
boot and shoe manufacturers.”

The following correspondence supplies the first information as
to the actual source of Peruvian rubber.

FOREIGN OFFICE to ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

THE Under Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs presents his
compliments to the Director of the Royal Gardens, Kew, and is
directed by the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs to transmit
to him the accompanying paper noted in the margin, respecting
atree which grows in Peru and produces the quality of India-
rubber known as “ Caucho.”

Foreign Office,

May 17, 1899.

69

MR. CONSUL CHURCHILL to FOREIGN OFFICE.
Her Majesty's Consulate, og
My Lorp, April 28, 1899.
IT may interest those concerned to know that the tree
which produces the quality of India-rubber exported from Peru,
through Pará, under the name of Caucho, has recently been deter-
mined by Monsieur Aras a botanist, who is on the scientific
staff u = Museum o
ur Huber lately visited ane zu region in Peru, and
diera that the tree was a
e will shortly be able to or Te comparison, whether it is
the same as the Castilloa elastica of Central America, or a species
of the same genus. It had been surmised previously "n the
tree might be a Castilloa, but I believe Monsieur Huber is the
first authority who has settled the point. With this kuosiedio
it results that the distribution of € Castilloa is wider than
was previously thought to be the cas
“Caucho” is also produced in T apr iege of the
Bolivian tributaries of the River Amazon, and = > near
the said tributaries that pass through Brazilian ierrit
A sample of “ Caucho" exists, in the Museum of this City, that

It is said that * Caucho" is also produced near Macapa and
Mazagao, on the north bank of the River Amazon, near its estuary.
A recent statistical return on the exports of the State of Para
reports that this produce was exported in small quantities
rosse about 10 tons) from A veiros (River Tapajos), Santarem
Alemquer and Obidos on the River Amazon. The total shipm ments
of“ Cacho " from Amazonian ports amount to about 2,000 tons
annually.
Monsieur Huber describes the process of tapping as follows :—
“ The trunk is almost severed in two at a distance of about 3 feet
from the ground, and the tree is lied to fall in such a manner
that it is supported in an inclined position by iis branches, and
still d on to the part that de left standing. The sap is collected
d red into a hole made in the ground, and is coagulated by
means of the juice of certain lowi lianas. The natives state that
this is the best method of tapping, and that if the trees were
Hev n be

treated in the same manner as the eas they would soon
— by insects which would er them where the bark
ould be injured by incision. This may be only an excuse for

re destruction which might ue avoided. However, it

must be considered that'as these trees grow far apart from each
other in their native state it must be inconvenient, if not
oe to attend to more than one tree at a time.

Trees that have been tapped in the manner described do not
sardiee vio operation. In the course of time their places are, no
doubt, taken by young trees that grow from seeds.

The Amazonian Castilloas are found on elevated land that is
beyond the reach of floods, whereas the Heveas thrive best in the
lowlands that are periodically inundated by the River Amazon.

I have, &c.
(Bignod) WM. A. CHURCHILL.
The — ogg of f Salisbury; K.G.,
&c., &e

10

ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW, to FOREIGN OFFICE

Royal Gardens, Kew,
SIR, May 23, 1899.

I HAVE the honour to acknowledge the receipt of your
letter of May 17, transmitting a copy of Consul Churchill’s report
on a kind of India-rubber exported from Peru, through Pará,
pee the name of Caucho.

2. Caucho, of which Caoutchouc is probably an expanded form,
has been hitherto identified with “ India-rubber ” par excellence,
the produce of one or more species of Hevea indigenous to the
basin of the Amazons, and exported from Pará. According to

Castilloa. One or more species of this genus produces the india-
rubber of Central America. In South America Castilloa has been
known to extend as far as Ecuador, where it is called Jebe, other-
wise Jeve or Heve. According to Aublet this latter name was
given in Northern Ecuador to a species of Hevea, and in founding
that genus he derived its name poco y. In the pore
basin the name for the species of Hevea Moca ae and in
Central America for those of Castilloa * Ule " or “Tunu” (see
Kew Bulletin, 1898, pp. 141, 142). Perhaps in P abor South
America the names Caucho and Jebe are applied indiscriminately
to rubber-producing tree

3. According to a bri by Mr. D. B. Adamson, H.B.M. Consul
at Iquitos, dated December 24, 1898, and published in the Trans-
actions of the Liverpool Geographical Society for the same year,

eru has two kinds of rubber-producing trees: Caucho, which
rer to SPORE." e A ag and Jebe to Hevea (pp. 39-40).
Both Mr. Adam d Mr. Churchill agree that the rubber is
extracted from ihe es cho tree by felling. "The Jebe is always
. tapped. the former process ier n a VS t „being * worked

.' In consequence, accordin r. Adam * many of the
f Oaah" [or rubber c distent à are working on Brazilian
rivers, where the supply is yet more plentiful."

4. It is not, however, necessary Li fell the Castilloa trees to
collect the rubber. The method of tapping s minutely described
in a report by the United States Consul-General Beaupré, published
in the United States Consular Reports for May, at pp. 147-151.
The estimated yield per tree is mach s maller that given in
Sir Henry De inek. report, as to which I a some
enquiries to the Foreign Öffice in Hed letter of April 14, 1897.

I am, Sir,
Your ei Servant,
The Under Secretary er State AU. THISELTON-DYER.
for sh nm Affair
Foreign Office, Downing Street, S.W.

EXTRACT from Report by Consul D. B. Adamson in Transactions
Liverpool Geographical Sociely, 1898, pp. 39-40.
“As you are aware, rubber is the chief article of export, and
hitherto has been practically the only one of any importance. Its

extraction from the trees and preparation e the market is

71

"meds ta in the hands of Peravians, assisted by Indian labour.
work is rough, and the hardships connected with gathering
Ed very great. The kind exported from here in past years me
been chiefly Caucho, the gatherers of which are
Caucheros. The wasteful method adopted is, however, beginning
to tell it ae i as far as this particular class of rubber is
concerned. This can be understood when it is explained that
Caucho is gathered by cutting down the trees to collect the sap.
As it is said that it takes from 15 to 20 years to arrive at a fit
state to be worth cutting down, it can easily | be seen that pres in
accessible positions are continually growing scarcer. As none are
planted to supply the loss, when a district has been worked
thoroughly, nothing can be done till nature re-asserts herself. Of
course the young trees are constantly growing, and places that
have been worked out will, in course of time, yield again in
quantity, but meanwhile the yield in them is so small that it is
not worth while to collect. It must be remembered that it is
only possible to collect near the rivers, on account of the
diffieulties of transport overland. In the interior, or rather

Caucho yielding trees still, for there are vast tracts of land
un, unexplored. These, however, are either inaccessible

r wo remunerative to work.

* Tt is much to be desired that some more economical method of
gathering Caucho could be introduced, one which would allow
the sap to be got without destroying the trees, as the timber is
worthless. This is done in other parts of the world where more
economical conditions prevail. At present many of the Caucheros

the i
ee likely to any large extent, or gathering the other chief
kind of rubber, known as Jebe.

“This is of considerably higher value than Caucho, being worth
from 70 per cent. to 90 per cent. more, according to ruling prices
here. The method of gathering it, however, has not been so well
P by the native labourers, or they have not found the

so much to their taste.

« In gathering Jebe the tree is simply tapped, the sap being
collected in small pans, which are emptied daily or periodically.
This class of rubber collecting is euren rrei by settlers, as
distinguished from the wandering Caucher

To complete the available information on the des et the
following extract from Mr. Consul en n’s Report the
Trade of Iquitos is reprinted from the gn Office Report on
the Trade and Finances of Peru (1898, p. 3, E 2,298) :

* Rubber forms the cbief article of export. Most of it goes to

rope, and very little attention is given to other productions of
the district. The chief classes are Caucho and Jebe resent
prices of which may be taken as 30 and 50 soles per arroba
of 15 kilos. respectively. lt may be stated that these figures
show a marked increase during the year. The average for 1898
is given as 26 soles per arroba for Caucho and 49 soles per arroba

12

for Jebe. A slightly lower grade of this may be named as about
2 soles lower in price. There is also Sernamoi or scrap rubber,
both of Jebe and Caucho, the average price of which during the
year is given as 37 soles per ed Sis total value of all classes
during the year is given as £202,916, as core pars with £206,047
the I before, the quantities che 1,140,523 kilos. in 1897,
and 829,935 kilos. in 1898. "This falling-off may be accounted
for by the i increasing inaccessibility of the Caucho bearing trees,
those within easy reach having become scarce owing to the
wasteful method of gathering the gum. The process has been
to cut down the tree instead of merely tapping it.

“ The trees are all wild, and it will take some years to allow
them to grow sufficiently to gather from again. Another reason
for the falling-off last year, and one of perhaps : equal weight with
the former, is that a large number of the Caucheros, or rubber
gatherers, have gone to the Jurua and other Brazilian rivers,
whence, however, there are grounds for saying the bulk of them
will return. As ar i the Caucheros are not familiar with the
collection of Jebe, or fine rubber, but they are learning, and
when they return. = Peru will probably devote more attention

“The ra of this to Caucho has — increased
lately. J = s gathered by tapping the trees, a certain number
of which a rs ced under the control of a gatherer, ahi visits
them daily de collect the yields.’

DCL.— EUCALYPTUS TIMBER FROM WEST
AUSTRALIA.

use of Jarrah timber (Hucalyptus marginata) and Karri
(E e diversicolor) for wood-pavement has been noticed on
several eese in the Kew Bulletin (1890, p. 188 ; 1893, p. 338 ;
1897, p 219).
Tha: following correspondence, which refers to the various pur-
poses to which these and other West Australian woods can be
applied, is published for general information :—

COLONIAL OFFICE TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.
Downing Street,
Se ptember 14, 1898.
SIR,

I AM directed by the perdiet of State for the Colonies to
transmit for your information a copy of a despatch from the
Governor of Western Australia, anstédiié a oe upon the Sixth
Annual Conference of Producers of the Colony

I am, ete,
(Signed) H. BERTRAM COX,
The Director,
Royal Gardens, Kew.

73

GOVERNOR OF WESTERN AUSTRALIA TO COLONIAL OFFICE.

Government House, Perth,
June 30, 1898.

% * * *

SIR,

3. During the months of last year from August to November
I thought it desirable to visit the principal ea districts
of the Colony that I might du vert to give you, as I promised

mpm ah the value and importance of feeling assured that, apart
from the gold industry, the Colony has a future before it of no
uncertain character in the development of the natural resources of
the soil.
* * * Li

5. I need only add a few words about the timber industry, which
did not come within the scope of my address, ed = prospects of
which did not escape my attention during my tra

Jarrah and Karri timber are the principal ebd of this
character. The forests i both Varieties i in the South and South-
West of the Colony are v ensive, and have not been fully

explored. It is said Mur es inedhawenle. but, judging by what
I have seen, I am by no means of this opinion. In those Ver
I have seen, in which timber E being felled and exporte
home or foreign use, = waste is almost more than the mind* of
man can conceive. Ic A een that it ng c pay to lead
bad timber to market, but greater care might be en in exami-
nation before felling timber indiscriminately, 2 simply on the
chance of its being good enough for market. It is said that where
one tree is felled there a dozen spring up to take its Pu This
is true, but the time taken before the young trees mature suffi-
iently for market purposes robs any such statement M. all its
impotites and sufficiency.

6. So far asthe values are concerned of these two timbers, Jarrah
and Karri, I understand both are being largely exported to the
United Kingdom for wood pavements, and the former especially
for railway sleepers, dock staging and wharfs. think the
Western Australian Jarrah has a great future peg it. It fillsall
the essential conditions which are necessary to o make it a first
class railway sleeper, and as the ever-increasing weight gor te speed
of trains in the United Kingdom will require a heavier
rigid road in proportion to the increased weight of steel rails, it is
likely to find a lively market in the near future. At the same time
it is not superior to the South Australian Red Gum. The durability
of both will be, even on the heaviest gradients and at the highest
rates of go with ordinary train loads, from 15 to 21 years against
7 to 10 years of the English sleepers commonly used hitherto.
For piles aie staging, and wharf and dock gates, Jarrah seems
impervious under dor to all attacks of wind and weather and
marine life. and I should not hesitate to use it with as great readi-
ness as Greenheart. 1 feel some doubt as to its suitability for

wood pavement. The cleavage with the grain is so easy t that I
think the cost of maintenance and repairs will be heavy, and the

3112 ; B

74

dust in dry weather, owing to the large amount of acetic acid in
this timber, will be found to be peculiarly painful and irritating
to the eyes.

7. Karri timber below water is DE useless, rotting very
readily, and if used for wood pav nt in a damp climate like
England, is foredoomed to f b "ibo the water is constantly
swept off it. Used above water for structural S tod te en is,
free from contact with the ground, its life see o be eternal,
being practically impervious to ants and wo sie pes. prie so
inflammable as Jarrah. For structural Dipin in large buildings
I should regard it as quite equal to the best old seasoned English
oa
. There are other valuable woods, such as the Jam-wood
(unrivalled for fencing) and Sandal-wood ; but the supply of both
is limited, and of the latter almost exhausted by the demands of
the Chinese market.

. I am glad to be able to add, in conclusion, that we are having,
80 far, an abundance of rain, and the agricultural prospects were
never better. In view of the recent largely increased settlement

disappointment to a large number of new settlers, who look to the
next harvest to reap the first return they have had for their labour
and capital.
I have, &c.,
The Right Honourable (Signed) GERARD SMITH.
J. Chamberlain, M.P,
&c.

&c. &c,

ROYAL GARDENS, KEW, TO COLONIAL OFFICE.
Royal Gardens, K
Sep semp 20th, 1898.

I HAVE the honour acknowledge the sn of your letter
of inset 14th (17240), transmitting a despatch from the
Governor of Western Australia, dealing prisoipedis with Jarrah
and Karri timber. I propose to publish for general information
in > FE Bulletin so much of the despatch as relates to this
subje

SIR

he facts in our possession do not, however, entirely con-
firm the rg of the ag as to the difference in the
qualities of the two woods. — a memorandum on the
subject from the Kop = the eased
3. The Timber Museum of the Royal Gardens contains a
magnificent log of Jerks) weighing nearly five tons, which was
shown at the Colonial and Indian Exhibition. It also contains à
log of Karri exposed between high and low ee in Western
Australia for forty-two years, and still in good condit
4. I enclose sopisi = the numbers of the Kew Bulletin, in

which the use of Jarrah and Karri for wood-paving is discuss
These would PE interest the Governor if transmitted to him.
Iam, &

(Signed) W. T. THISELTON-DYER.
H. Bertram Cox, Esq.,
Colonial Office, Downing Street, S.W.

75

[ Enclosure. ]
JARRA AND KARRI TIMBERS.

The woods of Jarrah (Hucalyptus marginata) and Karri
(E. diversicolor) are both much used, and advertised by rival
firms, for road-paving, but Jarrah See xe be most in demand.

he cleavage with the grain” of Jarrah, spoken of in para-
graph 6 of Governor Smith’s letter, does not appear to be possible
judging from the blocks contained in the Museum, which are
typical of ordinary road blocks used in London. Nor do I
remember having seen this objection raised ; indeed, Ru seems
to be but little m in the twisted grain of either of the
ut Jarrah and Kar

uth Annus liad Red Gum, referred to also in paragraph 6

of the above letter, is apparently Mucalyptus rostrata, the dura-
bility of Meere Maiden deseribes as ** perhaps having a rival only
in E. margina

19th October, 1898.

J. R. J.

DCLL—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES.

MR. ALEC ARTHUR, à member of the gardening staff of the
Royal Gardens, has been appointed by the Municipal Council of
Shanghai, Superintendent of Parks, Recreation Grounds, etc., in
that town. He leaves for China on May 18th.

MR. JOHN GOSSWEILER, recently a member of the gardening
staff of the Royal Gardens, has been engaged by the es
Government for the earatoeskip of a Botanic Station in Loanda,
Angola. He leaves for Africa in May.

Linnean Medal.—The President and Council of the Linnean
See aed repe the Linnean Medal (which is given bi-annually)

o MR. J. G. BAKER, F.R.S., late Keeper of the Herbarium and
bear oe the Royal Botanic Gardens, *for his services to
Botany during a lo ies of years, especially his writings on
ferns and petaloid sectideótylódUnm, serviceable alike to botanists
and cultivators.” The presentation took place at the Anniversary
Meeting on May 24th.

Rescue from Drowning.—A gallant feat which has not been
noticed in its place must not pass unreco orded. On Fe ebruary

front of the Palm-house. Fortunately two young gardeners
were I wage at the time on their return to work after the dinner
hour

3412 2 B2

16

The man had already sunk beneath the surface, when one
of the young gardeners, W. C. Fishlock, jumped in, swam out and
succeeded in bringing the man to land. C. ird ham, hee
had received instruetion in a St. John's Ambulance class, w:
able to induce artificial respiration, and the man was eventas
sent to his home.

The circumstances having been reported to the Royal Humane
Society by Her Majesty's First Commissioner of Works and
Public Buildings, the certificates of the Society were awarded to
the young men, and presented to them by the Director on
March 16th.

Botanical Magazine for April.—The variety of the familiar
Impatiens Roi ylei which is the subject of plate 7647 appeared
in the shrubberies of Sir J. D. Hooker's garden at Sunningdale,
three or four years ago. Sir Joseph is unable to explain how
was introduced into his garden, and whence it came. It i

coloured flowers, is a native of the Himalayas. The spe ecimen

four inches in diameter. ilene Se from ina and
Formosa, ne superficially the Ly ychnis Flos-cuculi of our
meadows. The seed from which the specimen figured was raised
was collected in Shensi by Father Piccoli, of the Jesuit Mission in
Hankow, and were received at Kew through G. Murray, Esq.,
F.R.S., Keeper z the Bonia Department of the British
Museum. A plant of Yucca elata, a native of the South-Western -
United States, was see in 189 )3,and flowered in 1896. This
speeimen has now a trunk about a yard long. The flowers are
two inches long, and white. pude villea variabilis, from Western
China, has elegant foliage and loose racemes of bright rose-purple
flowers. Seeds of this plant were sent to Kew by Mr. W.
Thompson, of Ipswich.

Botanical Magazine for May.— Nicotiana sylvestris is a robust
species from Argentina, quite recently introduced into cultivation.
The large leaves resemble those of N. tomentosa, and the flowers
those of the well-known N. alata, (N. affinis). The Kew plants
were raised from seed communicated by Messrs. Dammann & Co.,
of Naples. Cyrtanthus parviflorus is allied to C. ang ustifoliib
having, however, smaller, more brightly coloured flowers. Bulbs
of this plant, which is a native of the Cape, were presented to Kew

y . Woodall, Esq., of Scarborough. Alnus nitida occurs at
elevations of 4 ‚000 to 9,000 feet in the Western Himala aya. This,
and A. is, a species as yet not introduced into English

are the only representatives of the genus in the Indian A

gargens,
flora. - Seeds of the former were sent to Kew by the late R. Ellis,
Esq. in 1882, Dahlia maximiliana is a little-known species,

Ti

though it was exhibited at a show of the Royal RU UM
Society in 1879. Its. beautiful, mauve-coloure

produced during the winter months. The specimen apati Vis
furnished by Thomas Hanbury, Esq., F.L.S., from his magnificent
garden at La Mortola. Veronica Disponbachii, from the Chatham
Islands, is allied to V. miei and V. macroura. The drawing
was made from a speci communicated by R. Lindsay, Esq.,
of Kaimes Lodge, niani Field, Midlothian.

Hooker’s Icones Plantarum.—'l'he last part of the sixth volume

1 ,
in March, 1899. Plates 2,572 to 2,574, illustrating the genus
Hevea, belong to the previous part, t the e original i impression having
been totally destroyed by fire. They illustrate the floral structure
and the seeds, both dormant and germinating, of some of the
piine cipal speci s. One more new species of Hevea is figured in
this number, supplemented by a plate of drawings selected from

Jolia, Lam. (plate 2,578), is a handsome species cultivated i in Italy
and Egypt, the origin of which is uncertain. Three more plates
represent as many species of Hryngium, Bite of Central
America, where the genus exhibits a great and widely different
variety of forms. Plate 2,584 represents the male flowers and
inflorescence of the singular pandanaceous genus Sararanga,
prepared from material collected in Solomon Islands by the
Rev. R. omins. veis monilifera is another interesting
plant from the same source. This number also contains some
of the high-level ye uf recent discovery in Tibet and British
New Guinea, and further illustrations of the marvellously rich
flora of Western China. A kind of sarsaparilla cultivated in
Jamaica is figured ee the name of Smilax utilis.

K n the Colonial Office List.—At the request of the Editors,
the following brief account of Kew has been furnished for this
publication. It appears on page 19 of the issue for the current

r

* ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW.

“Kew as a scientific establishment dates from 1759, when a
Botanic, or, as it was then called, a Physic, Garden was established
7 > Princess is of Saxe- Gotha, Dowager Princess of

ale

“Tt was energetically maintained by her son, George III., with
the scientific assistance of Sir Joseph Banks, who was virtually
for the greater part of his life Director. Under his advice
collectors were sent to all parts of the world. The first New
Holland plants were introduced during Cook's voyages, 1768-1780.
At Sir Joseph Banks’ instance the system of inter-colonial ex-

was commenced, which has been maintained ever since.
The most memorable undertaking of this kind was the voyaze of

78

the ‘Bounty’ (1787) for the purpose of introducing the bread-
fruit tree from the South Seas into the West Indies. Nelson, the
Kew collector, was amongst pnd sent adrift by the mutineers,
and eventually died of the exposure. Another Kew gardener,
James Hooper, who had been staked to Lord Amherst’s Embassy
to China, remained in Java, and was from 1817-30 Hortulanus of
the celebrated Dutch Colonial Botanic Garden at Buitenzorg,
which he helped to create.

“ Both George III. and Sir Joseph Banks died in 1820, and the
colonial and other work of os w languished, though it was not
absolutely abandoned, duri the reign of George IV. and
William IV. In 1838 the abolition of the whole establishment
was contemplated by the Government. Public opposition led to
the appointment of a Tr reasury Committee, the report of which
was presented to Parliament in 1840. The following paragraphs
briefly defined the functions of the reorganised establishment :—
‘A national garden ought to be the centre round which all minor
establishments of the same nature should be arranged
From a garden of this kind Government would be able to obtain

required Sika: its Pipe necessary, as now, to apply to the
officers of private establishments for advice and assistance.’

me Sir W. J. Hooker, F.R.S., was appoi inted Director in 1841
carry them out. A ‘close ei between Kew and the
Colonial Office immediately sprang up. A scheme for a complete

horticultural school. Special attention is given to the preparation
of gardener s for Colonial service. Some 60 men trained at Kew
are now in official employment in different parts of the Empire.

* Relations with the botanical institutions of the pelf oo ae
Colonies are maintained by semi-official correspondence.
those of Colonies more a under the control of the Colonial
Office, the connection is clos

a scientifie Director; those of the second class by a skilled
Superintendent; the third class consists of Botanic Stations.
These last are small and inexpensive gardens, devised in 1885, in
order to afford sor instruction in the cultivation of tropical
crops,and were intended to develope the agricultural resources, at
first, of the smaller West Indian Islands, and subsequently (1887)
of British Possessions in Tropical Africa. Each is in charge of
a Curator, who is a gardener trained at Kew.
“ The principal members of the Kew staff are :—

“Director : Sir W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, K.C.M.G., C.LE.
wy PRS,
*: Keeper of the Herbarium and Library: W. B. Hemsley,
F.R.S.
* Honorary Keeper of the Jodrell Laboratory : D. H. Scott,

Ph.D., M.A.,
e Keeper of Museums : J. R. Jackson, A.L.S.

19

he most nn Colonial botanical institutions in intimate
relation with Kew

- Ceylon. rode of Royal Botanic Gardens : J. C. Willis,

Straits ig —Director of Gardens and Forest
Departme : H.N. Ridley,

* Jamaica. Sophos of Public Gardens and Plantations :
William Fawcett, B.Sc.

“ In 1898, in accordance with the recommendations of the West
India Commission, a Special Department of Agriculture was
created for Barbados, the Leeward and the Winds Islands,
and was placed under the charge of a Commissioner, with
headquarters at Barbados

LONG NT. FAX Agriculture at Barbados: D. Morris,

d = the Temperate House. —On Bank Holiday, May 1,
the Nor ing, the last uncompleted portion Great
rp a n was thrown open to the publie. The com-
pletion of the South Wing was announced in the Kew Bulletin
for oe (p p. 333, 334). The Building News for February 12
and 19, 1897, contained a full account of it, with detailed
draw Uum
Some particulars may now be given of the structure as a whole,
and of the history of its erection. The first scheme of the house
was projected by Sir William Hooker, in 1855. The design, as
now practically completed, was made by Decimus Burton, who
also designed the Palm House. The Builder for January 12, 1861,
contains a ground plan and elevation, with detailed particulars of
the whole structure.

In 1860 Her Majesty's Office of Works entered into a (CÓ
with Messrs. Cubitt ** to construct the centre of the new Temperat
House in Kew Gardens and the octagons for the sum of £28, 858.”
The pie cost appears to have been approximately about pee 000.
The oof is of w wrought-iron, the columns of cast-iron. At present

1861 the octagons at either end were finished. Taking
MR er measurements for these fas "s all other portions of the
structure) their diameter is > =

In 1862 the central part of e bui lding was completed :

216 feet long by 140 feet Vide. and (inside) 60 feet RR A
raised terrace ind keny for ie building, and space provided on
it for the two Their erection was, however, indefinitely
postponed in 1863, pite, the foundations had been partially
laid ; part of the iron-work lay in the contractor’s yard for many
years, and on Actores broken up.

In 1894, thirty-one years later, the erection of the South Wing
was piede "ana 1 n 1897 that of the North. The former
was completed in that year and the latter in the present. A
period of thirty-nine years has, therefore, ela tween the
commencement of the structure and its completion.

80

While the general features of Didun Burton’s design have been
followed, the construction of the North Wing is much lighter
than that of the South. The material used is rolled steel. The

e was erected with rapidity and thorough precision in the
workmanship by Messrs. Mackenzi e and Moncur, of Edinburgh,
le, The

: ivers, Esq., the Surveyor of Her Majesty’s Office of
Works in charge of Kew

Each wing is 116 feet long by 64 feet wide and (inside) 38 feet
high. Four lobbies, each 12 feet long by 7 feet wide, two at either
end, connect the octagons to the wings and the central part to the
octagons. Beyond the wings are entrance porches, each 12 feet
by 8 feet.

e total exireme length of the building is thus 628 feet, and,
including the porches at either side, the greatest width is 164 feet.
The cost of each wing has been about £7,000. The total cost
of the whole building has been, therefore, £43,000. This includes
the isa of spacious under-ground tanks for the collection
of rain-wa

- - óriginnl scheme of the house, Sir William Hooker had
in view the completion of ~ representation of the woody
ale of the world. mA the Mv ies was provided for in
the Palm House, and that he Cool Temperate Zone in the
Arboretum. The object of s este o House was to provide
accommodation for the plants of intermediate climates which
would not tolerate an fcn winter. Sir William Hooker
explains, in his Report for 1859, that “as the contents of this
structure will be of the same character as those h ardy plants
which constitute the * Arboretum, it is the intention to erect it
rige the so-called Arboretum or Pleasure Ground," as that was
—

In his Report for 1866, Sir Joseph Hooker, in again urging
* the completion of this grand structure, by far the finest in
Europe," suggested * devoting one of the ‘contemplated wings to
the plants of our northern colonies and possessions, and the other
to those of the southern.”

In the centre block Australian and New Zealand vegetation is
predominant. As explained in the Kew Bulletin for 1897 (p. 334),
the contents of the South Wing have largely a Mexican character.
In other words, it is devoted to plants of warm temperate
countries, which in cultivation require a * warm greenhouse’
treatment.

The North Wing, on the other hand, has been devoted to
Himalayan, Chinese, and Japanese plants, which, while for the
most part able to resist an English winter, are unable to tolerate
the rigour of an English spring.

The plan of laying out the ground in the interior is the same
as that of the South Wing. This has been described in the Kew
Bulletin (l.e., p. 334). The beds contain a complete collection of

yan rhododendrons, together with some of their most
stetur te tender ne camellias, etc. The centre walk is lined
with clumps of the Japanese Phyllostachys mitis, obtained from
Algeria. At the north end there is a rock pool on either side.

SI

The North Wing, when given up by the contractors, was
furnished with great basi largely due to the generosity of
D. H. Shilson, Esq., of Tremough, Cornwall. This county is the
natural home of these et platte in England, and now
repaid its debt to Kew, from which it vi d e received them
when introduced by Sir Joseph Hooker. The late Mr. Shilson,
father of the present owner of Tremough, was = of the first to
take up their cultivation. “ Several of the plants” transported
from Cornwall to Kew are said to have “required a separate rail-
way truck each, and were nearly two tons in weight.” A
prominent feature is a large camellia 15 feet high, removed from
Kensington Palace Gardens, where it had been ee RA Mrs. Falk,
who presented it with other plants to the Ro

The fine and lofty specimen of Z'rachyca: dui Re (Chamz-
rops excelsa) was the gift of the Right Honourable Joseph
Chamberlain, M, P., F.R.S., from whose conservatory at Highbury,
Birmingham, i was Te e lt is a happy memorial of the
exertions of this distinguished Fark in securing theassent of
two successive Governments to the completion of this great
undertaking.

It only remains to say that the contents of the two octagons
have been re-arranged. They are not well suited for the cultivation
of a miscellaneous collection. "The southern is now devote n
orangery which - ee been a desideratum at Kew ; the northern
to standard Bays, Space in each is afforded for ‘the display d
trained plants of Clematis, &c., in the summer, and of chrysa
themums in the autum

An excellent detailed account of the completed structure, with
illustrations, is contained in the Gardeners’ Magazine for May
1899, pp. 310-312.

It may be added that the area of the whole structure is 13 acres,
more than three times that of the great conservatory at Chatsworth.

Queen's Cottage Grounds.—In accordance with the announcement
made in the Kew Bulletin for 1898 (pp. 200, 201), the Queen's

entrance is near the Isleworth Ferry Gate, and a railed path has
been carried through terminating near the path through the
Pinetum leading to the Lion Gate. This allows the Cottage, the
expanse of wild hyacinths, pe the sylvan features of the grounds
to be fully seen by visitors without unnecessarily disturbing
perhaps the only “sanctuary of all bird life" which remains in
the immediate proximity of London.

Bulbs from Asia Minor.—Kew owes its unique display of early

flowering spring bulbs in great avem to the constant liberality

ward Whittall of Smyrna. A brief er of his con-

tributions appears in the "Kew Bulletin for 1893 (p.147). We owe

to him the sheets of white Galanthus Elwesii and of blue

Chionodoxa which each year produce more and more striking
effects.

82

The following letter gives some idea of the scale on which
Mr. Whittall works as well as of the important industry which he
has incidentally created :—

MR. EDWARD WHITTALL TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.
Smyrna, Apri! 28, 1899.

DEAR SIR,
OUR winter has been, comparatively speaking, just as mild
as yours in England. You would have been surprised to see my

garden at Christmas with the rose trees, geraniums, and even
cannas in full bloom, the arums in the ponds full of buds and
the camellias Dee up by the white Roman hyacinths wm
covered wit wers. It was a pretty sight, and one I n
witnessed before, Now of course it is wearing its spring pus
and you could cut roses by the thousand. The water lilies are
showing their first flowers and the beds are gay with bright
colours. I will send you later on a few photographs to give you an
idea of an Oriental garden with an admixture of English and
Italian idas i in the plan
note your requirements of small bulbs, and will be only too

happy to v you all I can on the old conditions. I suppose this

will mean some 300,000 o 400 ,000 of all varieties. By the bye,
what did you t think of or new 'snowdrop I sent you? I flowered
it in my garden and certainly it appears to carry out my first
description.

I bum glad m see the bulb trade developing so much with
England. n I commenced it, I only hoped to give a few
werd work Wii rae deserving pcor in our village. Now I employ
hundreds of families, and the blessings you British flower-lovers
receive should lighten your slumbers as the saying goes in this
ss n beautiful, tenet nd expressions. I am now opening outa

rade in vated bulbous plants, such a hyacinths, &c.,
ana Mons shóry ae | bip nota few. As you well know, most of
er plants came originally from this country ad do well. I am

roud to see around me the increase in the consumption of flowers,
nd to feel that it is the result of my efforts to develop the love of
ihem. Some few years back you scarcely saw a plant outside a
few European gardens ; now even the smallest cottage plot is bright
in Spring with flowers. This is the aera I get out of my
hobby, and, now that my collecting expenses are covered by
European shipments, I cannot even complain of the cost being too
heavy.

I was not carried off by brigands, but a nephew of mine.
Thank God all is well that ends well.
Believe me, &c.,
(Signed) EDWARD WHITTALL.
Sir W. T. Thiselton-Dyer,
ew, London.

Jyree Tea.—By the kindness of Mr. G. S. Peterson, of Weston-
super-Mare, we have received a sample of this so-called tea, and
find that it 5 made of leaflets apparently belonging to ‘some
spec of Acacia. Mixed with the leaflets are setae which may

83

well be those of a Cassia, and a little ordinary tea had been added
to one sample, but Mr. Peterson says that such is not always the
case. Jyree tea is the name under which this mixture has been
offered for sale in Britain. It is of Indian origin, probably from
Madras, and cannot as yet be -= to have any extensive use.
* Jyree," we are informed, is a name =. ae that of the
native servant of an Anglo-Indian. who claims to have discovered
its virtu ues. “ay ree" oil is said to bea cure for ars and sprains :

* J'yree " soap is said to soften the skin, and *Jyree " may = used,
too, for softening leather.

Moseleya.—In a recent number of Hooker’s Icones nn
a very rare plant, which was originally described as Hornemannia
— Did. "and subsequently rn d by the same botanist

he genus Sibthoi ‘pia, is figured (t. 2 992) under the name of
Mosele ya pinnala, Hemsl. Excellent specimens received from
China: seemed to warrant restoring this interesting plant. to generic
rank, and as the name gli ea was already in use, the
genus en dedicated to the memory of the late Professor H.N.
Moseley. Shortly after this publicis, Mr. N. E. Brown
recognised in it the Hilisiophyllum reptans, Maxim., founded on
Japanese specimens jh 1871, and descri bed by the author as
“inter Polemoniaceas et Hydrophyllaceas.” So few specimens
existed in herbaria that nobody appears to have identified
agg d pe Japanese plant with that deseribed by Bentham
rom India, though the late Dr. Baillon (Bull. Soc. Linn. Par.,
1890, p. 817) lend it to the Scrophulariacez, and the vicinity
of Littorella. As there is no doubt of the identity, BERN yllum
is the name to retain, and it is to be hoped that name of
Moseley may yet be connected with a pla a reels
undescribed.

Catalogue of the Kew Library.--This has been printed for the con-
venience of the staff and of botanists working in the establishment.
The preface, by the Director, re-produc ced below, gives an historical
account of the origin, formation, n, and development of the library.
The catalogue is printed on one side of the paper throughout. I
will be useful, therefore, as a basis for the library catalogues of
an establishments. A limited au of impressions e

n struck off, and these may be obtained, price 7s. 6d. (exclus
of postage) on ‘application to the rumen Royal Botanic Garde:
Kew

= a. of books of reference is a necessary adjunct to a
Botanie Garden in order to illustrate its contents and verify their
nomenelatur ure. For a large herbarium it must be ev en more

op en
een pepi upon to afford information to the public and the
Gov on every subject connected with the vegetable

84

“The foundation of Kew as a a. establishment dates
from 1759, in which year the Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha,
Dowager Princess of Wales (who si at Kew till her death in
1772), established a Botanic, or, as it was then called, a Physic
Garden. In the development of the collections the Dowager
Princess of Wales had the assistance of John Stuart, third Earl of
Bute, who had been Lord of the Bedehamber to the Prince. He
was the possessor of a fine collection of botanical books and used
a house ewe the Royal Gardens, now known as Church
House, as a libra

“The Earl ans Bale fell out of favour with George III., and
retired to his house near Christchurch, in Hampshire, where he
died from the effects of a fall while collecting a plant, in 1792.

* His place as scientific adviser at Kew, and, in point of fact, as
honorary director, was taken by Sir Joseph Banks, the president
of the Royal Society and a personal friend of the King.
was the possessor of one of the finest libraries of botanical books
=> has ever been er The celebrated Robert Brown was

his librarian, and of his duties was to afford scientific
assistance to the min of the Royal Botanie Gardens at
Kew nks bequeathed his library a few months before his

death to the trustees of the British Museum, where it is still
preserved. But he left Brown the use of it during his lifetime,
and an annuity, on condition that he continued his scientific aid
to Kew.

“ Besides this, the official residence of the Superintendent, now
used as the business offices of the establishment, contained a
room which was used as a library. In 1841 the — of
Kew M transferred from the Crown to the public char The
books in his care disponit being regarded probably: eiit
as the ans re property of the superintendent, or as that of the
Crown.

* During the reign of George IV. Sir Everard Home, who
appears to have succeeded to the honorary position occupied by
Banks (Kew Bulletin, 1891, p. 319), suggested the establishment
of a library at Kew. "The charge was to be entrusted to the well-
nown botanical artist, Francis Bauer. According to a statement
in Loudon's Gardener's M Seg iei xvii., 1841, p. 187) * The
house now belonging to the King of Hanover was purchased for
this purpose ; the shelves were prepared, all is botanical books
in the King's library were to be removed there, and some had, in
fact, been sent down, when, unfortunate iden dispute arose
respecting the land, to which the Woods and Forsite laid claim.’
“This statement is not absolutely exact. The house never
belonged to the King of vec though it was for a time
occupied by him. It was known as Hu er Er. having nn
the property of a successful ica of business, Robert Hun
who had settled at Kew. It was pap shay in 1818 by George Sits
at the instance of Sir Joseph Banks, and for the purpose—to whic
it has long since been devoted—-of a library. Sir Everard Home
simply endeavoured, therefore, to carry into effect Banks’s scheme.
In 1823 George IV. sold the house and grounds to the nation, i
use as a library having, apparently, as stated above,
abandoned. In 1830 William IV. granted it to the Duchess of

85

Cumberland for her life. It was "> on the Duke’s accession to
the u ne of Hanover that it became known as the * King of
Hanover’s House.” He resided in it ai but after his
death 1 it quero unoccupied.

“ When, therefore, in 1841, Sir William Hooker was appointed
Director of the reorganized Botanic Garden, he found himself
destitute of even an official commencement of the two essential

The
part, agreed to rent a neighbouring house, een s known as

est Park, for their accommodation, and as a residence for the
Director, “there being no suitable house belonging to the Crown
vacant at the time. Jn 1852, though still en his nn

roperty, the Director's herbarium and part of his library wer
removed to the present building. Its np for the ech
of the library and herbarium dates from

“In the same year the een of an official library at
Kew was made by the gift, by Miss Bromfield, of the botanical
books of her ires brother, Dr. W. A. Bromfield ; ; its especial

feature was the number of fine copies, chosen with fastidious taste,
of the earlier Boites authors. nm was followed in 1854 by
the gift c. late George Bent , Esq., C.M.G., F.R.S., from

the
1861 to 1874 President of the yide Society, of his fine
botanical library, which was very complete in ‘what may be
ealled ‘ working books.’

* [n 1867 (after his death) the Treasury sanctioned the purchase
of such of Sir W. Hooker's books as were wanting in the library,
and which, though the establishment had had the use of them,
were not its property. "These included many scarce and costly
books which rarely come into the market, and had been procured
with much trouble and expense on the continent ; there was also
à valuable collection of travels. At the date of his decease Sir W.
Hooker was the possessor of the finest private botanical library in
existence, the result of nearly sixty years' assiduous collecting.
Through this ee the Kew library was more than doubled
in extent. .

“These three important acquisitions formed the backbone of
the present library. Gaps have been gradually filled up by
subsequent gifts and bequests. A number of volumes mostly
relating to Cryptogamic Botany were ibo in 1887 from the
late Rev. M. J. Berkeley, F.R.S. The most important bequest

i the

was rich in works elige to the European er and in Son
copies of books mainly collected in Italy.

* In 1892 Thomas Hanbury, Esq., of La Mortola, Ventimiglia,
Italy, Wem e an important dtc of books from the library
of his rother, Daniel Hanbury, F.R.S., the well-known
pharmaco. mad

* In 1877 the interior of Hunter House was remodelled in order
to give more convenient accommodation for the library.

86

di gem purchase of new books has been provided for pare 1849
by a small annual piesa from the Government. Anc s has
been poeni pe nted more recently by the grant er; free
binding by H.M. S tatio onery Office. A large number of serials
and Se erT in which the library i is especially rich are acquired
by exchange with the Kew Bulletin. The Bentham Trustees
from time to time use the funds at their disposal, in Berne
with the testamentary dispositions of the late aeorg entham
in the purchase of books beyond the means of the a uad orci:
ment grant. The library being also available for "S scientifie
researches of botanists of all nations, is constantly in receipt of
valuable contributions from foreign governments, universities,
societies, and independent workers. The liberality of she United
States and French Governments deserve especial mentio

“On the whole it is probable that no official mem ‘of such
ge. Te utility has ever been got together at so small a cost

the publie. Its primary eg is necessarily the routine work
of the establishment. ur t to the requirements of this it is
freely available for the use of inde oponami scientific workers, a
privilege which is lugar taken ak = of. But it is not
available for merely literary purposes

“The manuscript catalogue having soar “unmanageable, the
Treasury sanctioned in 1896 the employment o Daydon
Jackson, Esq., Secretary to the Linnean un to prepare, with
the assistance of the scientific staff, anew one, which should be
based on a fresh collation of the books. It was further decided
that this should be printed and published. It is is hoped that apart
from its immediate purpose it will be found of service as à
hen big te and for use in other seientifie and technical
i

“The present catalogue has been brought down to 1898.
Annual lists of future Md dirtiotis will be published in the Kew
Bulletin.
; TL THISELTON-DYER,

Director,
Royal Botanie Gardens, Kew.
March, 1899.

Curacao meg —This drug was formerly supposed to be derived
from the same plant as po d aloes ler and Hanbury,
ene en 2nd ed., p. 679). e latter is yielded by
Aloe ver s A es Lam: » Of the ied yielding the former,
Be E. mes authentic specimens through

Professor ES bia of Hon (Pharm. Journ., September 13
1890, p. 205). They were unhesitatingly referred by Mr. J. G.
to Aloe es = Baker (Bot. Mag., 6,301), of which the native
country is unkno

Mr. rer sande: :—

“It would appear that the Curaçao aloe plant is nearly allied
but yet specifically distinct from A. vera, L. (A. barbadensis,
a .), 80 that the specific difference might go far towards

ng the characteristic odour and appearance ne zu
Moo as compared with the Barbados aloes of commerce

oe

87

Mr. Consul Jesurun, in his Report on the Trade of Curaçao and
its Dependencies for 1898, p. 7, gives the following account of the
present state of the industry :—

exu uud eri of aloes came from the Island of Aruba,
and has been re-shipped to New York, the only market where
anything near the cost ts of manufacturing could be obtained
for the indifferent quality. Aruba, Bonaire, and Curagao could
produce very clean and high grade aloes were the price for such
quality any better than that obtainable at present on foreign
markets, where buyers give preference to the dirty or low grades
on account of cheapness, and because those who handle this
article abroad are able to obtain, by means of suitable machinery

and processes, the exact grade desired at a far lower cost than is
po ible in these islands. The low prices for this article have
been yielding less, owing to the BE ga levied by this
Government, and the producers and exporters have suffered
greatly. In ‘the Island of ety where there are large tracts of
land planted only with aloes, the producers are unable to export
any qu pits) for the above Medo and the same is to be said as
to this

Assam Rubber in Egypt.—A short note in the Kew Ed vd

mentary letters show the Een that Mr. Floyer has met with in

continuing the experime
MR. E. A. FLOYER TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.
Cairo, July 17, 1898.
SIR,
THANK you for sending me the Bulletin about our india-

rubber.

This year we are trying the yield of each tree. Mr. Luiji
Heinschneider, of the Gezira Palace, has placed some trees

ars

ped. s
gave 23 Ibs.; No. 2, 5$ lbs. The tapping is condueted with a
view of getting another yield next year from the same trees.
The year's crop of ee will be about 7,000 only. We are
still unsuccessful with see
Yours trul

y
(Signed) ERNEST A. FLOYER.

Cairo, June 12, 1899.
DEAR SIR Geant wa
THE thre e trees, Ficus elastica, which I 2 ry year,
and mes yielded 10} Ibs. of rubber, sold at 3s. 3d. per Ib., have
been tapped again this spring. They yielded 51 TR of Tubbér
the erii es Eom off being in tree No. 2, which is much over-
grown by tr 0.
I have pat oat this spring See A 000 Ficus, and hope in due
time a rubber industry may be s
ps y,
(Signed) - ce A, FLOYER.

88

Peony disease. Bee have shared in the revived popularity
of herbaceous gardening. Frequent complaints are, however,
made of their liability p» disease. Characteristic Specimens have

b
Glasnevin. The following report was furnished upon them,
which is published for general information :—

The Peeonies are suffering from * oe disease," caused by
a minute fungus called Sclerotinia Peon

Spraying at intervals of four days with a re of potassium
sulphide (1 oz. of potassium sulphide dissolved in 3 gallons
of water) will check the spread of the disease.

To prevent a recurrence next season, diseased leaves should be
removed promptly, to prevent the formation of sclerotia in the
diseased tissue. During autumn, the soil should be removed
from the crown and € the root, and replaced by fresh soil
mixed with quicklim

next season = intervals of a week, with potassium
sulphide solution, commencing first when the leaves appear
above ground.
: G. M.

May 5th, 1899.

Cultivation of Turnsole.— The Parisian daily paper Le petit
Journal of December 11, 1898, contained the following account
of the cultivation of Chrozophora un ia at Grand Gallargues in
the department of Gard, South France

“ This year’s harvest, "which has best | a fairly good one, is for
the most part as usual absorbed by the Dutch cheese industry.
Our soil is peculiarly suited to the cultivation of Chrozophora
tinctoria (Croton tinctorius ; Croton des Passi or Turnsole),

village to ferment. Paraicntülion brings about the Min odi
necessary for the development of the fine red dye, which for
centuries has been employed by the Dutch cheese-makers. Year
by year for several centuries has a Dutch ship put into Cette and
ken off a cargo of Croton stems and leaves prepared as just

described.
“To give them their red colour, the cheese manufacturers of
Holland wrap ‘ther reg in the Croton leaves and take them
d

eru nas of interest may be added to the above. Not until 1808,
was it shown clearly that turnsole could be cultivated from seed.
Before this ge the people of Grand ee which, then, a8
now, was the re of the indu ustry, har ested their entire crop
from wild ie a u ear by year in the mo rt of July, August,
and Septemb er, Bows scattered throug’: the depart of the
So e—Bouches du Rhóne, Var, Gard, Hérault,
Pyrénées aioa and Vaucluse —zathering the plaats where
. abundant, and fer.nenting them on the spot.

TEA & COFFEE DISEASES.

ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

BU ds td

OF

MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION,

Nos. 151-152.] JULY and AUGUST. (1899.

DCLIL—TEA AND COFFEE DISEASES.
(With Plate.)
BROWN BLIGHT OF TEA.

The “ blights " which affect tea in Assam were pter cna and
described in the Kew Bulletin for last year (pp. -112).
Another and different one has made its appearance in Oi lon,
and has been transmitted to Kew for investigation by Mr. J. C.
Willis, M.A., F.L.S., Director of the Royal Botanic Gardens,

DIRECTOR, ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, PERADENIYA, CEYLON,
TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEw.

Royal Botanic Gardens,
dec d Al
SIR, il 10, 1899.

By parcel post this week I send you a tin prev some

eg n x i blight which is causing considerable

injury to te of the planting districts of Ceylon. It
resembles tiò “ wey blight ” of Assam (which is also common
here) in its action on the leaf, and I have recommended similar
measures for its eradication to those used for that pest. The
specimens enclosed show the conidial fructification of the fungus,
and I am sending them in the hope that you may be able to give

me the name of the fungus to enable me to round off my inves-
tigations into its ravages and life history. In the event of your
publishing any account of this disease, I have to request that the
name of the estate mentioned on the specimens be withheld from
publication.

Notes upon the disease are given below.

am, &c.,
(Signed) JOHN C, WILLIS.
The Director,
Royal Gardens, Kew.
3435—1375—8/99 Wt92 D&S 29

90

[ Enclosure. ]

“pasione from Maskeliya district, 4,000 feet above sea level,
sent to Kew. Fructifying specimens pinned. Collected 7th April,

1899.

Disease like grey blight in appearance and effect, but charac-
terised by chocolate-brown colour of fully ee ‘spots on the
leaves attacked. Common in the Central Provi

Shows first on upper side of leaf, and soon afterwards on lower
also. Appears as yellowish-brown patches, which rapidly Vm
and darken to a chocolate or almost black colour, and as they
extend their central parts dry up, die, and often fall out if the
leaf is roughly shaken. teser; the leaf = held up to the light, a
yellowish band, 1-3 mm. wide, is seen round the infected area,
due to the spreading of t the mycelium into the still artta
area of the leaf, which loses its green colour

Fructifications not often seen ; on the accompany ing specimens
they show in typical form, as pinkish spots, more or less concen-
trically grouped. The spores are oval-oblong, unicellular, hyaline.
The blight spreads very rapidiy, and does much damage.
Measures of treatment recommended are the same as for grey
blight.

J. C. W.
10th April, 1899.

The specimens were examined by Mr. Massee, the Principal
Assistant for Cryptograms in the werde of the Royal
cinia He furnished the following report

e fungus per = be undescribed, acit may be known as
corem es Cam
All the many known n species of Medien inui are parasites,
and’ sacs are destructive to important econom
Sp with Bordeaux tern, or with dion aont solution
of Renee d of copper has proved effective in checking the spread

tea, having glabrous leaves, success mainly depends on the fine-
ness of the spray, which should hang like a fog. A coarse spray .

causes the solution to form drops which roll off the polished
surface of the leaves.

In addition to spraying, all diseased leaves should be collected
and burned, as Colletotrichwin is a form-genus (=the conidial
bens of. an ascigerous fungus), and if the ates are allowed

o fall and remain on the ground under the trees, the higher form
of fruit would form on the decaying leaves and inoculate the
new leaves the following season. G.M

3rd May, 1899.

The nr description has now been prepared by
Mr. Mas

The Sere present on the leaves proves to be a species of
Colletotrichum, a genus perhaps too closely allied to Glaosporium,
differing en! in the presence of a variable number of coloured

91

spines being intermixed with the conidiophores. Numer
species belonging to these genera are known a ei
parasites, attacking more especially leaves and frui

The leaves of the tea plant are er le in the first
instance by fisting spores settling on their upper surface when

p.
range of mycelium in the tissues. Eventually the SESA porin
of the p changes to a dull grey Bee nd becomes studded
with nu us very minute black spots, which are HORS ed
in een circles. These correspond to the clusters of
spores which rupture the epidermis of the leaf and become free

it
adhere to such floating fragments, it is not difficult to understand
why the disease spreads so quickly when once established in a
plantation.

As the species proves to be undescribed, the following diagnosis
is given :—

ee ze Massee (sp. nov.) Macule amphigene
effuso -indeterminate, ee avo - brunnez, dein nigrescentes,
denique erum arescentes, postremo frustulatim decidusz ac
folium perforatum relinquentes. Acervuli centro macule laxe
insidentes, e ee li. Conidia cylindraceo- elongata, continua,
utrinque obtu wi tren episporio levi donata, 15-17 x 4-5 p.
Cystidia Veterem t ta, septata, olivacea, 100-135 x 7-8 u.

CEYLON. Central Province. On living leaves of Camellia Thea.

Preventive measures. Bordeaux mixture has been proved t
arrest the spread of disease caused by other en = Polietotri-
chum, as C. lindemuthianum on scarlet-runners French
beans, C. Althea, on reger &c., and would BaS prove
nn in the present instance. Care should be taken to experi-

ment at firs A a very dilute solution until its action on the
leaves is aco

Diseased leaves shui be picked before the spores are mature ;
that is, as soon as the first indications of the presence of the
fungus are weno d. If this practice was universally followed
vite the infected area, the disease could be readily exter-
minated.

CENTRAL AMERICAN COFFEE-DISEASE, :
This disease has attracted attention for rather more than the
last t twenty years But it is, perhaps, only of late that it has
attained serious dimension ns. Apparently, the first notice is con-
tained in the Kew Report for 1876 (p. 21), where it is noticed as
* Mancha de hierro" or * Iron stain." Berkeley attributed it to a
minute fungus, Depazea maculosa, which was the only organism
he could find on the diseased leaves. Dr. Ernst, however, in his
Estudios sobre pe : deformaciones, Enfermededas y enemigos del
arbol de Cafe en Venezuela, Saraci, 1878, was unable to accept
uus as the cause of the mala
“ Berkeley (ns que la De paved es causa de la ‘Mancha de
hierro, sin duda porque las hojas que le fueron ieee us

*

92

vinieron con esta denominacion. No queremos contradecir el
aserto de tan respetable autoridad, pero tendremos más adelante
ocasion de comprobar que la enfermedad llamada así es general-
mente de otro origen" (p. 17).

“ Coffee-leaf Miner," Cemiostoma coffeellum. An account of this
will be found in the Kew Bulletin for 1894 (pp. 130-133).

de aspecto semejante, pero debidas 4 la vegetacion de un hongo,

mariposa nocturna, que en |
Cemiostoma coffeellum, Stainton” (p. 17).

This opinion is important as showing that at the date (1878)
when it was written the injury done by the fungus was incon-
siderable.

What appears to be the same disease was the subject of a note
in Nature by Dr. Ernst (July 29, 1880, p. 292). He says :—
“ There appear on the leaves small spots of a lightish green colour,
which in two or three days turn brownish.” Hence the name of
* [ron stain.” :

Dr. Cooke detected upon these patches a fungus of an entirely
different kind, which he described in Grevillea (vol. xi., p. 11) as
Stilbum flavidum. He further discussed the whole subject in
the Jowrnal of the Linnean Society (Botany, vol xviii, pp.
461-467). SR

Spegazzini has recently suggested the name of Pistillaria
Jlavida for the fungus on the assumption that it belongs to th
Basidiomycetes. This view is not, however, supported by a
microscopic examination of authentic specimens.

Of late years the ravages of th gus have assumed more
serious dimensions. It has proved very destructive in coffee
plantations in Costa Rica, Venezuela, New Grenada, and Guatemala ;
it is also said to have occurred in some of the West Indian Islands.

prohibited countries” for the importation of seeds and plants.
A lengthy correspondence has taken place with the Foreign
- Office on the subject, of which the following is the most material
portion :—

MR. CONSUL-GENERAL JENNER TO FOREIGN OFFICE.

My LORD, Guatemala, February 7, 1899.
WITH reference to your Lordship’s despatch, pae
commercial, of the 4th of November, I have the honour to aa ose
herewith copy of a despatch from Mr. Consul Harrison, RER
a short report by Mr. H. Pittier on the diseases which un
different times appeared in the coffee plantations in Costa Rica.

93

The samples of the dried leaves are being sent to your Lordship
by parcels post.
I have, &c.,
(Signed) G. JENNER.
The Marquess of Salisbury, K.G.,
&c., &oc., &c.

ee ]

REPORT of Mr. Henri Pittier on the diseases which have at
different times appeared in the offen plantations of Costa Rica.

During the existence of the Instituto Fisico Geografico several

coffee diseases were submitted for study to the botanical
dopant:

Firstly, the so-called “ Maya,” E UE 2 dried zones of
dead tissues on the leaves, black rotten spots on the fruit, an
the MN EE: falling off of Both. “The fungus which idee the
destruction of the tissues has been identified independently by
two ash Messrs. Rolfs, of the Florida State Agricultural
Pha. and Spegazzini, of the “Facultad de Agronomia " of La

with the Stilbum flavidum, Cooke (Pistillaria flavida

Sp or azz

Secondly, the * Hollin" or *Fumagina," which appears as a
kind of a soot covering the leaves of the coffee tree, and which is
also a fungus s (Capnodiu m trichostomum, ae but in this
case the fungus is only a secondary symptom it grows on a
honey-like nn. = Po insect (Coccus, scale eat mealy bug)
which settles on t

Thirdly, several ds of distinct appearance, one due to the
invasion of a of caterpillars of a moth, the name of which I
do not no ember, and others which were ascribed to over-
cropping, ^ rot diem s een drainage, or to the presence
of foul wood in the soil.

These last were all a. or less localised = disappeared after
x time, but the two first are rather common in the neighbourhood

San Jose, where der re-appear every Fear with a gradually
more epidemic tendency.

However, so far they cannot be said to have assumed a very
alarming character, and the majority of the planters have not
paid ae o them

Owing to i dw excessive drought I have not been able to find
any trace of the -o on the cati leaves ; but these are sure to
appear with the first rains in April and May, and if not too late for
you, I shall gladly een to en some good samples for you.

(Signed) H. PITTIER.

MR. CoNsUL HARRISON TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.
ritish Consula te,
San José, Costa R

SIR, February 98, "1809.
In ee An acircular I received from Her Majesty’ 5
Minister in Central America, I sent His Excellency for despatch

to the Royal ee Gardens, Kew, some pamphlets and notes on
the diseases which have appeared in the coffee trees in this
Republic.

94

I also forwarded some samples of =" affected by the disease
which the Government obtained for

I now under separate cover tna xol direct some samples of
diseased leaves, collected for me by Monsieur Pittier, and two
phot ographs of trees affected. These trees have recovered, but
in some instances look sickly.

I send these direct as Monsieur Pittier tells me SP less they
travel the better, as the fungus is s to be rubbed o

, &e.
(Signed) ’ PERCY C. HARRISON.
W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, C.M.G., 5
Director, Royal aa eg Kew,

The leaves are most ESL attacked, and within a short
time become dry and fall to the ground, so that the tree is soon
completely ibid of fone The growing berries also dry up

and fall before uri M. New leaves are formed after some
months of rest, Tepr nii be again attacked in a similar manner,
and after the ohisecutivs loss of taiao for two or three years,
the tree dies.

Diseased er are at once known by the presence of one—or
usually several—more or less circular pale green, then brown, and
finally whitish patches, which extend quite through the substance,
appearing equally marked on both sides of the leaf. Grouped on
these bleached spots, on the upper surface of the leaf, are several
clear yellow drum-stick-like bodies standing erect. Each of these
bodies, which are only about one-twelfth of an inch high, is a
perfect fungus, bearing myriads of reproductive bodies or conidia
on its globose head. One or more similar circular bleached
spots bearing fungi also often occur on the berries.

On young twigs the bleached spots are elongated, varying from
half to one inch in length. If the er — completely
iot the twig, the portion above the

eventive measures. —Those er. = the arrest of

instance al Cleanliness is of It i
impossible for e. dingas to appear u oe of the fungus
are present in neighbourhood, and the most effective means

otographs. received from Costa Rica showing coffee trees
completely defoliated by ho "digaane also show the fallen leaves
lying in heaps under the

Diseased twigs should Y "Rural otherwise, should sclerotia
be formed, and the mycelium become perennial in the tissues, a
yearly crop of conidia would be produced.

Description of Figures.

Fig. 1, coffee leaf showing the disease; nat. size. 2, single patch
of disease ; slightly magn. 3,two specimens of Stilbum flavidum;
highly magn. 4, Goff ee berry showing one diseased patch; nat.
size. A clu n conidiophores of "mes Stilbum, bearing

a pustule of iur Si emen a, a, conidia; b,

¥

95

ae Tages OF BRITISH NEW GUINEA.

need the Bulletin (1897, p. 112), Sir William
Macürague te a small collection of dried plants, — b
Mr. iulianetti on Mount Scratchley. e has since pre-
sented zortio collection made by the same rer and
Mr. A. C. English, chiefly in the Vanapa Valley and the Wharton

nge.
The collection from Mount Scratchley consists of about 120
species of flowering plants, nine species of, ferns, one Zsoetes,
2 i i i 8 8 ,900

x seed of vascular plants (flowering-plants and ferns) have already
been recorded from New Guinea, this collection is numerically
small ; pen n Tap great altitude at ipis most of the plants
were found, it a highly LN one; and it contains a
relatively large n radiber of novelties. It is i trn that only two
new generic types are insluded. among them ; but many generic
novelties were not expected from such elevat tions, where the
vegetation is of an alpine or ipea character, 'and largely
composed of genera having a wide ran

Beginning with the cellular eryptogams, the lichens are only
represented by quite common species. ‘There are two new species

—T'rachylejeunia Giulianettii and Cololejeunea hirta—among the
liverworts. On the other hand, nearly half of the mosses are new.
They belong mostly to genera characteristic of humid mountainous
regions within the tropics. Two out of the nine ferns are new,
as well as one of the four Selagine llacew—Isoetes neoguineensis,
As will be seen from the following enumeration, the flowering

wn to exist elsewhere. Better specimens of many of the
undetermined eee would doubiless considerably augment the
number fs described.
The smaller Vatiitin Valley and Wharton Range collection,
iive“ in 1898, includes a remarkable new species Elwo-
carpus-—E. aberrans—and a new species of Triplostegia, a small
genus of the Dipsacex, previously only known to inhabit the
mountains of Northern India and Western China. There is also
a considerable number of specimens of Veronica, which have all
been Enge referred to V. Lendenfeldit, but it is possible
that m an one species is concerned. It is an instance of one
very ee en, or several very closely allied species. Ferns
relatively numerous, and, though there are two new species
of Davallia, they are mostly common Malayan types. One of
these, D. lanceolata, differs widely from all previously described
Species, in having small lanceolate fronds two to four inches
lon

In dealing with a fragment of a flora it is not safe to generalise ;
pat apart from the fact that most of the endemic species belong
wide distribution, their affinities are with those

inh bine the mountains of Celebes and Borneo. Indeed, some
of the species are identical, and not known beyond the Archi-
pelago ; whilst others, endemic respectively in, say, Kinabalu,
rneo, and Mount Scratchley, British New Guinea, are very
closely allied. Specially interesting among the new plants of this

96

collection are: Oreomyrrhis linearis, Dolianthus vaccinioides, ~~
Gentiana mie di ee. G. Giulianettii, Havilandia papuana, `
and Giulianettia ten Besides the foregoing, the grasses are
particularly nee bolsifteally : ; all the species being regarded

RANUNCULACER.

Ranunculus amerophyllus, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc.
Victoria, i. pt. 2., p. 1.
Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft., and Wharton Range, 11100 ft.

Ranunculus sp. R. lappaceo, Sm., var. multiscapo, Hook. f.,
affinis.
Wharton Range, 11100 ft.

VIOLACEA,

Schuurmansia Henningsii, K. Schum. Fl. Kais. Wilh. Land,
p. 50.
Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft.

PITTOSPORACE A.

Pittosporum berberidoides, Burkill; species drach —
a P. cornifolio, A. Cunn., distinguenda, cui forsan affini

Rami recti, crassiusculi, cortice glabri rufescentes ái setate
cinerascentes, inter foliorum circulos cicatrieibus, pedicellorum
defectorum signis, notati. Folia obovata, admodum coriacea, per-
sistentia, glabra, basi cuneata, apice abrupte cuspidata, 3-14 poll.

onga, 3-4 poll. lata, attrita, suavissima, venis numerosissimis

conspicuislateralibus in margine integro rigido conjunctis, primaria
in apicem firmum excurrentia ; petiolus 4 poll, longus, rigidus.
Pedicelli uniflori, 4 poll. longi. Flores desunt. Fructus sub-
globosus, glaber, 2-carpellaris, rugosus, a. 4 lin. longus, stylo
4 lin. longo. Semina matura 2, nigra, 4 lin. longa.

Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

The pleasant scent of the leaves is derived from the resin of the
canals which accompany the veins. The petiole contains 5 or 7 of
these arranged in a crescent, the central ones being very large.

Pittosporum pullifolium, viec species ex affinitate P. bico-
loris, Hook., foliis facile distin

Rami juniores parce pubescent, es glabescentes et siccitate
Folia

nigrescentes, crassiusculi. acea, petiola ata, O gar
obovata, glabra, siccitate supra en ureo-nigrescentia, infra
SeHidibra, basi rotundata, apice cuspidata, 14-2 poll. jor; 7-9 lin.
lata, nervo primario conspicuo, nervis lateralibus utrinque in

se pro qe meme integrum arcuatim conjunctis ; petiolus
rigidus, a4 lin. 1 ongus. Flores ad apices ramorum in umbellas
(n specimine unico nobis communicato 13-floras) dispositi ;

bractez fere glabre, 2-5 lin. longe, 1-1} lin. late ; pedicelli ji pilis

97

mollibus os tecti, 5-6 lin. longi. Sepala glabra, bracteis colore
et contextu et — s XU ovata, acuta, 3 lin. longa, basi
crassa quin eee rvia. Petala d Lucr er ari-lanceolata, 5-6 lin.
longa, glabra, apice rotundata. ‘Star m filamenta 3 lin. longa,
glabra varium pilis fulvis diner: serie 2 lin. longum, # lin.
dans, 2-carpellare, placenta utraque 14-15-ovulata ; stylus 2 lin.
longus, glaber; stigma bilabiatum, labiis incurvis. Fructus
deest.

Mount Seratehley, 10000-13000 ft.

HYPERICACEE,

Hypericum Macgregorii, F. Muell in Trans. Roy. Soc.
Victoria, i. pt. 2., p. 2.
Mount Seratchley, 12200 ft.

TERNSTREMIACER.
Trematanthera sp.
Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

Saurauja rufa, Burkill; S. bifide, Warb., affinis, foliis subtus
rufo-tomentosis prima scrutatione jam dignose enda.

Rami dense squamis sparse aculeis parvis tecti, cortice atro-
brunnei ; aculei curvati, 1 lin. longi vel paullo longiores. Folia
elliptica, basi et apice rotundata, margine leviter eee imer
plerisque sub apice aculeum parvum gerentibus, fer
glabra (aculeis nee s in nervis majoribus insidentibus) "tenti
subtus densissime rufo-tomentosa, 2-3] p ga, 14-13
lata; petiolus 2.5 lin. longus, cea imbris tis Sti
Pedunculi solitarii, 3-flori, 2-2} poll. longi, squamas modo
ramorum gerentes; pedicelli 2 Ün. longi ; bracteæ late ovatæ,
} poll. longæ, dorso squamatæ ; bracteolæ duæ angustæ, alabastrum

te ad margi
ere basifix®, internæ faciei tubi filamentis brevibus affixæ,
emos ntulum versatiles. Ovarium beds Siösalere,
vulis numerosissimis ; styli 5, dis

feriam Mount Scratchley, ie en ft.

MALVACEE.

Urena lobata, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Austral. i., p. 206; F. Muell.
Papuan Pl. i, p. 55.
Neneba, eae Scratchley, about 4000 ft.

TILIACEA.

Eleocarpus aberrans, — ; ab omnibus speciebus affinibus
differt floribus tetrameri

98

Partes novelle minute puberule. Folia tenuiter coriacea,
obovato-elliptica, Pene sed nn obtusa vel subacuta,

venis secundariis utri e 6-8 arcuatis ramosis intra marginem
anastomosantibus. Spala 4, 6 lin. longa, Eb eL utrinque
puberula, re triangulari-lanceolata nervo medio vix
conspicuo. Petal 8 lin. longa, plana, ovali oblonga, apice

vix latiora, er 7-9-dentata, utrinque puberula pilis
intus rectis non reflexis ; en i longitudinales plures, venis obliquis
juncti. Stamina 50-60, o plani tte carnoso demum
multiporoso inserta, aris sta a am du unió superante, ee
quam antheris paullo brevioribus. Ovarium minder velutinu
3—4-loculare, dissepimentis a apicem een incompletis, stylo "v
minutissime 3-fido. Fructus i ignotu

Mount Scratchley, 2000-4000 ft.

All the other species of this section, which will be defined in
Sir Dietrich Brandis’ forthcoming monograph of the genus, come
from Madagascar.

GERANIACEA.
Geranium dissectum, Linn.; Benth. Fl. Austral. i., p. 296 (G.
pilosum, Forst. ; DC. Prod. i, p. 642.
Wharton Range, 11000 ft.

Impatiens Herzogii, K. Schwm. Fl. Kais. Wilh. Land, p. 56.
Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft.

MELIACER.

Dysoxylum sp.
Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft.

LEGUMINOSJE.

= enge — Blume ex Baker in Hook. f. Fl. Brit.
Ind., ii. p

Sicil Ex Scratchley, about 4000 ft.

ROSACEA.

Pygeum costatum, Hemsley; foliis P. oocarpo, Stapf,
simillimum, sed racemis elongatis multifloris facile distinguitur.

Frutex vel arbor parva, dense ramosa, preter inflorescentiam
glabra vel cito ee ramulis ultimis crassiusculis nigres-
centibus, internodiis brevissimis. Folia rete crassa, coriacea,
ovata vel elliptica vel tedi obovata, 1-2} poll. longa, utrinque
rotundata vel apice emarginata, supra costa a venis insigniter
impressis, subtus costa crassa valde elevata, venis lateralibus

is utrinque 6-8 ; petiolus crassus, 2-3 lin. longus. Flores
longiores dim 3-4 = diametro, in racemos u folia

we

99

centis lobi parvi, ovati; tubus intus glaber. Petala majora, fere
orbicularia, dense tomentosa. Stamina circa 20, glabra. Ovarium
omnino glabrum, stigmate magno capitato. Fructus ignotus.

Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

Pygeum papuanum, Hemsley ; foliis P. brevistylo, K. Schum.,
simillimum, sed ab hac specie recedit racemis plus quam duplo
longioribus, ne STIS ibus, calyce non circumscisso intus
omnino glabro

Arbor — ramosa, preter inflorescentiam glabra vel cito
glabrescens, ramulis ultimis graciliu seculis, internodiis circiter
pollicaribus. Folia breviter petiolata coriacea, ovato-lanceolata,
4-7 poll. longa, acuminata, costa supra impressa, subtus elevata,
venis lateralibus Sie > 6-7 subtus Bönäpiekis prope
marginem inter 8 exis. Racemi mte gas ce
3-4 poll. longi, eos er 3— lin F
9-meri, pubescentes, 2-24 lin. diametro. Cal yc is pe oblongi,
obtusi, tubum equantes. Petala similia, sed paullo majora
Stamina circiter 20, filamentis filiformi bus petala longe
excedentibus glabris. Ovarium undique glabrum, stigmate
capitato. Fructus non visus.

Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

Rubus Ferdinandi-Muelleri, Focke in Abh. Nat. Ver. Brem. xiii.,
p. 165.

Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft., and Wharton Range, 11000 ft.

Rubus erben Linn.; Mig. Fl. Ind. Bat. i. pt. 1, p. 382;
Benth. Fl. Austral. ii., p. 430.

Neneba, Mount SN TA about 4000 ft.

Rubus rT E PI. 4c. juni iii, t. 60 ; Benth. Fl. Austral.
ii, p. 431; F. Muell. Papuan Pl. ii., p. 29.

Neneba, Muni Soruabier. er 4000 ft.

P ee microphylla, D. Don; Focke in Abh. Nat. Ver.
rem. 4 p. 164.

Moon dosuldar. 10000-13000 ft.

Potentilla papuana, Focke in Abh. Nat. Ver. Brem. xiii., p. 162.
(P. leuconota, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i. pt. 2,
) D. Don).

"p.5. Non
Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

Potentilla parvula, Hook. J: ex wu in Hook. Ic. Pi, V. 2294,
et in Trans. Linn. Soc., ser. 2, iv., p. 147

Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 £ft, and Wharton Range,
11000 ft.

Potentilla sp. P. papuane, Focke, affinis.
Mount Scratchley, 10000—13000 ft.

100

Potentilla sp. P. parvule, Hook. f., affinis.
Mount Seratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

MYRTACEE.
Rhodomyrtus ?
Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft.

MELASTOMACE Æ.
Osheckia sp.
Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft.
Otanthera bracteata, Korth.; K. Schum. Fl. Kais. Wilh. Land,
p. 87; Benth. Fl. Austral. iii., p. 292.
Neneba, Mount Scratchley, Sa 4000 ft.

Medinilla spp. 2.
Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft.

ONAGRACE A.
Epilobium pedunculare, A. Cunn.; F. Muell. in Trans. Roy.
Soc. Victoria, i. meet.
Wharton Range, 11100 ft.
Jussiea suffruticosa, Linn. ; F. Muell. Papuan Pl. i., p. 60;
Benth. Fl. Austral. iii., p. 307.
Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft.

BEGONIACE A.
Begonia sp
Mount Berai os, 10000-13000 ft.

UMBELLIFERÆ.
Trachymene saniculæfolia, € in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 2308, et in
Trans. Linn. Soc. ser.
Mount Seratchley, ae R

Falcaria laciniata, DO. Prod. iv., p. 110.

Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft.

Oreomyrrhis linearis, Hemsley; a speciebus hactenus cognitis
foliis linearibus indivisis gramineis differt. Zcones Plantarum,
t. 2590.

Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

ARALIACEJE.
Mackinlaya sp
— Mounk Seratchley, about 4000 ft.

101

Osmoxylon sp.
Without locality.

RUBIACER.

Argostemma sp.
Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

Mussenda ferruginea, K. Schum. Fl. Kais. Wilh, Land p. 129.
Oriomo River, opposite Daru Island.

Psychotria sp.
Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft.

Cephaelis
Mount Saratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

Cephaelis sp.
Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft.

Saprosma buxifolia, = x Wright; a speciebus reliquis foliis
parvis operati rece

Rami tenues, Rance Folia oblanceolata, obtusa,
lsh ' lin. longa, 4 lin. lata; petiolus llin. longus; stipule
ovate, membranacez, decidue. Flores solitarii, axillares ; ; brac-
teolz 2, connate, calycis tubo approximate. Calyx 1 lin. longus,
glaber, minute 5-dentatus, persistens. Corolle tubus infundibuli-
formis, extus glaber, e pubes veg : lin. longus ; lobi 5-6,
ligulati, E 1-13 lin. longi. Stamina 5-6; filamenta } lin.
longa, coroll: faucibus affixa ; anthers Valise: filamentis ied
long. OBER 2-loculare; ovula solitaria, basilaria ; stylus
corolle tubo ab ae ramis duobus 1 lin. longis. Fructus
4 lin. longus, 4—6-cos

Mount Scratchley, TU 10000 ft.

Coprosma sp. C. Hookeri, Stapf, affinis.
Mount Seratehley, 10000-13000 ft.

DIPSACEJE.

Triplostegia repens, er de ; a speciebus hactenus cognitis
habitu gracilitateque di
Herba perennis (?), pO repentibus radicantibus gracillimis
(an speciminis depauperati ?) puberulis. Folia a. non
visa, caulina o opposita, longe graciliterque petiolata, membranacea,
pilis paucissimis conspersa, oblonga, pinnatifida, cum petiolis
circiter pollicaria, lobis ovatis sepius 7 aristulatis. Flores cymosi,
ci, 6-9 aggregati. Involucellum dense nigro-glandulosum.
Wharton Range, 11100 ft.
This genus was previously only known to inhabit the mountains
of Northern India and Western China

109

COMPOSITE.

Myriactis bellidiformis, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i.
pt. 2, p. 12.

Mount Seratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

Myriactis radicans, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i.
pt. 2, p. 13.

Mount Seratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

Vittadinia Aline, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i.
pt. 2; p. Li.

en eh 10000-13000 ft., and Wharton Range
11100 f

Vittadinia macra, F. Muell.? in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i.
pt. 2, p. 11.

Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

Microglossa esos DO.; Martelli in Nuov. Giorn. Bot.
Ital. xv. (1883), p. 290.

Neneba, Mount: Scratchley, about 4000 ft.

Anaphalis Marie, F. Muell in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i.

t. 2, p. 8.

Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

Ischnea elachoglossa, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i.
pt. 2, p. 13.

Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

Hieracium sp.

Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

VACCINTACER.
Agapetes costata, C. H. Wright; calycis tubo valde costato
facile recognoscenda.
snag teres, hirsuti. vici on ae be rotundata, en

esas Be 4 lin. longa; anther 4 lin. Ter babies d
6 lin. longis. Stylus staminibus paullo longior.

Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

Vaccinium acutissimum, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria,
i, pt. 2, p. 15.

. Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

103

A Macbainii, F. Mueli. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i.,
pt
Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

Vaccinium oblongum, C. = nahe. V. Macbainii, F. Muell.,
accedit, foliis oblongis differ

Caulis fruticosus. Folia o eee eoe subtus sparse
punctata czterum glabra, 1 poll. longa, 5 lin. lata, nervis supra

Racemi breves, prope caulis apicem enati ; bractew deltoidea, 1 Tin
long. Qalybis tubus globosus, glaber; lobi rotundati, breviter
acuminati, 1 lin. lati. Corolla 3 lin. longa; ud brevis; lobi
apice concavi, costa crassa. Stamina 10, corollae zequilonga ;
filamenta 1 lin. longa, plana, pilosa; anthere subtus acute et
antice filamentis libere», tubis terminalibus leviter adherentibus
antice magniporosis. Stylus staminibus paullo longior.
Mount Seratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

Vaccinium sp.
Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

ERICACER.

Gaultheria mundula, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i.,
pt. 2, p. 21.
Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft., and Wharton Range, 11000 ft.

Rhododendron comptum, C. H. Wright ; R. retuso, Benn., accedit,
sed foliis non emarginatis, coroll: tubo latiore campanulato, lobis
suborbicularibus patulis differt

Rami tenues, plus minusve furfuracei. hien obovato-oblonga,
obtusa vel subacuta, minutissime crenulata, supra fere glabra,
subtus acidi lepidota, 9-12 lin. longa, j£ Yin, lata, costa supra
insculpta subtus elevata, nervis lateralibus celatis ; petiolus crassus,
1 lin. longus. Bractee scarioss, ovate, 9 lin. longs, decidusm.
Flores 3-À-ni ad apices ramorum ositi ; re 9 lin. longi,
minute pubescentes. Calyx me obliquu , lobo uno sspe
subulato, reliquis ML em Mas tubus dies ulatus, 6 lin.
longus, apice 3 lin. dia xtus pelas. lepidotus, in. Semi
pilosus ; lobi me ep mu 5 lin. diam, Stamina 10; e n
glabra ; antherz 1 lin . long», poris 2 magnis introrsis, D
lepidotum ; stylus glaber ; Stigma leviter dilatatum.

Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

Rhododendron nodosum, C. H. Wright; R. Loche, F. Muell.,
affine, sed foliis basi acutis coroll: tubo longiore, lobis basi multo
constrictis distinetum

Caulis yu cain. nodis inerassatus, scrobiculatus. Folia

petiolus 3-4 lin. longus. Flores 3—4-ni ad apices ramorum positi,
Pedicelli 6-9 lin. longi, tenues, lepidoti. Corolle tubus curvatus,

104

12-14 lin. longus, extus sparse lepidotus, intus pilosus; lohi plus
minusve orbiculares. Stamina 10, paullo exserta ; filamenta infra
pilosa ; antherz 14-2 lin. longs, poris terminal ibus. Ovarium et
styli basis pilose ; "sigma obliquum, leviter dilatatum.

Mount Seratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

Rhododendron papuanum, Becc.? Malesia, i., p. 200.
Mount Seratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

ee x ide F. Muell.? in Trans. Roy. Soc.
Victoria, i., pt. 2., 3.
Without Se

Rhododendron sp. R. longifloro, Lindl., affine.
Without locality.

Rhododendron sp.
Mount Scratchley, 12200.

EPACRIDACER.

Decatoca Spencerii, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i.,
pt. 2., p. 2

Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft., and Wharton Range,
11100 ft

Leucopogon nece Sond. in Linnaea, xxvi., p. 248; Benth.
Fl, Austral. iv.,

Mount Série: en ft.

Leucopogon papuanus, C. H. Wright; L. melaleucoidi, A. Cunn.,
distinctus =. longiore, corolla profunde divisa, lobis acutis intus

ense pilo

Frutex ramosus. Ramuli hispidi. Folia oblonga, "usd glabra,
integra, siccitate longitudinaliter striata, 5 lin. longa, 13 lin. lata ;
petiolus 4 lin. longus. Flores » axillares, braciei plaribus
parvis imbricatis brunneo-marginatis. Calyx profunde 5-partitus,
llin. longus ; lobi ovati, glabri. Corolla cylindrica, fauce breviter
pilosa, 24 lin. longa ; = — obtusi. Antherarum loculi
basi divaricati. Ovari nicu

Mount Seratchley, 10000-18000 E

MYRSINACEJE.
Myrsine capitellata, Wall.? in Roxb. Fl. Ind. ed. Carey, ii.,
+ 295.
Mount Seratehley, 10000-13000 ft.

| Myrsine ] uana, Hemsley; ex affinitate M. quy Stapf,
sed minor, gracilior, foliis apice retusis diversa

105

Frutex parva, ut videtur, undique glaber, ramulis ultim
gracilibus, internodiis brevissim mis. Folia co ne islas eng
olata, crassa, coriacea, obovato- nd 6-12 lin. longa, retusa,

p pra medium obscure paucicrenata, deorsum attenuata,
subtus i inconspicue nigro-lineata, vat immersis obsoletis. Pedi-
celli brevissimi, recurvi. Fructus subglobosus, vix sesquilineam
longus, pauciglandulosus, € 4 minutis ovato-oblongis vel
fere orbicularibus persistentibus

Mount Scratchley, 10000-1 3000 ft.

STYRACEA.

Symplocos Englishii, Hemsley; species ex affinitate V. buxi-
Jolie, Stapf, a qua differt gracilitate, foliis minoribus, er
brevissime pedicellatis, calycis lobis in margine glandulos

dense ramosus undique glaberrimus, en sub-
angulatis, internodiis quam foliis brevioribus. Folia brevissime
petiolata, crassa, er ovata, tree obovata, vel interdum
fere orbicularia, 3-5 lin. longa, basi rotundata vel cuneata, apice
rotundata vel obträndete, supra medium sæpius 5-7-dentata vel
erenata, dentibus callosis, venis primariis lateralibus utrinque
2 subtus sat conspicuis. Flores ins m vim 9-meri, cum
pedicello brevi folia vix equa basi bracteis 4 calycis
lobis simillimis calyculum (acti od sabinas. Calycis lobi
rotundato-deltoidei, ii lin. m far glandulosi. Petala
brevissime connata vel omnino soluta, eg u
3 lin. longa, obtusa. Btaitiin ı 15-20, v max
quam petala breviora, filam nei aada aiil ee intet d re
et cum petalis. leviter sonder don Stylus crassus, quam stamina
longiora brevior. Fructus auguste ovoideus, 5-6 lin. longus,
calycis lobis coronatus

Mount Éoomtchiey, 10000-13000 ft., and Wharton Range,
11100 ft.

Symplocos iaae Hemsley ; inter species papuanenses foliis
rotundatis distin

Frutex dense ramosus, fere undique glaber, ramulis rigidis,
monia quam foliis multo brevioribus. Folia brevissime
petiolata, crassa, coriacea, lutescentia, orbicularia vel interdum
late elliptic obsolete remoteque crenulata, 6-15 lin. lata, venis
subtus spicuis. Flores racemosi, brevissime seque
pedicel Sent glabri, 6-7 lin. diametro; racemi axillares,
rigidi, furfuracei, folia æquantes vel paullo superantes, brac teis
obsoletis vel koe 'de ciduis. Calycis lobi semiorbiculares, circiter
lineam lati, margine minute gen etala ima basi tantum
"gp jte i api ve 1 fere o bicularia, concava, circiter
2 nga. Sta 2 3539.1 ee inter se et cum petalis
ee Po raus ovoideus, 4—5 lin. longus.

Mount Seratehley, 10000-13000 ft.

Symploeos sp.
Mount Seratehley, 10000-13000 ft.
3435 B

106

APOCYNACEJE.

Alstonia scholaris, Aè. Br. F. Muell. Papuan Pl. i, p. 10;
Benth. Fl. Austral. iv., p. 312.

Daru Island.

Tabernemontana pubescens, R.Br.; F. Muell. Papuan Pl. i,
p. 91; Benth. Fl. Austral. iv., p. 311.

Without locality.

LOGANIACE A.

Dolianthus, C. H. Wright, (gen. nov.); Hymenocnemidi,
Hook. f. proximus. Flores axillares, solitarii. Calyx sequaliter
4-lobatus, sine dentibus intermediis. Coro/le tubus infundi-
buliformis; lobi 4, valvati. Stamina 4, ad corolle fauces
subsessilia. Ovarium Lege 2 Joculare ; stylus filiformis ;
stigma incrassatum, minute 2-lobatum ; ovula solitaria, erecta.
—Arbuscula habitu Gorom foliis coriaceis.

D. vaccinioides, C. H. Wright; (sp. unica).

Rami lignosi, 1-2 lin. diam., primum pubescentes, demum glabri.
Folia opposita, lanceolata, subobtusa, glabra, ' sempervirentes (?),
penninervia, 5 lin. longa, 2 lin. lata; petioli 4 lin. longi ; stipule
ovate, cadues. Pedicelli 1} lin. longi. Calyx cupularis, glaber ;
lobi triangulares, obtusi. aoua tubus, 6 lin. longus, extus glaber,
intus minute pubescens ; lobi oblongi, acuti, 2? lin. longi. Antheræ
sagittatæ, 1 lin. longæ ; filamenta antheris æquilonga. Ovarium
globosum ; stylus corollæ æquilongus

Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft

Fagrea sp.
Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

GENTIANACEJE.

Gentiana Ettingshauseni, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Sec.
Victoria, i. pt. 2, p. 27.

Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft., and Wharton Range, 11100 ft.

Gentiana (Chondrophyllum) taps Hemsley ; ex affinitate
G. Ettingshauseni, F. Muell, a qua differt caulibus simplicibus,
corollz lobis latis brevibus

Caules erecti, a graciles, 1-2 poll. alti, atque folia
omnino glabri. Folia tenuiter cartilaginea, sessilia, Sn ppt
oblongo-ovata, circiter 2 lin. longa, apice aristata. Flores 1
apicibus caulium vel ramorum solitarii, sessiles, circiter 4 lin.
longi. Calyx cartilagineus, quam corolla paullo brevior, dentibus
erectis subulatis vel fere aciculatis tubo brevioribus. Corolla

guste infundibuliformis, lobis brevissimis ovatis apiculatis
. eum plicaturis fere dieere alternantibus. Genitalia inclusa.
Capsula deest.

Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft.

107

Gentiana Briss pini Macgregorii, Hemsl. ; inter species
affines foliis ramorum arctissime quadrifariam imbricatis insignis.

Planta perennis (?), minima, glaberrima, caulibus erectis vix
polliearibus vel interdum procumbentibus longioribus ramulos
erectos gerentibus. Folia sessilia, imbricata, sepe confertissima,
cartilaginea, subulata, concavo-convexa, maxim a 24-3 lin. longa,
sed sepius breviora, apice aristulata. Flores terminales, solitarii,
sessiles, erecti, circiter 7 lin. longi. Calyx cartilagineus, lo bis
erectis subulatis tubum equantibus. Corolla outs cylindrica,
calycem tertia parte excedens, lobis brevibus erectis acutis cum
plicaturis rotundatis fere obs olete den alternantibus.
Stamina inclusa, filamentis deorsum leviter dilatatis. Ovarium
clavatum vix a einen stylo brevissimo, stigmatibus 2
sphæroideis. Capsula

Mount Scratchley, 15500 ft.

BORAGINACER.

Myosotis ?

Without locality.

Havilandia papuana, Hemsley ; minor quam H. borneensis, Stapf,
foliis deorsum vix attenuatis pedicellis cum floribus fere
sequantibus

rba parva, perennis, procumbens, plus minusve setuloso-
strigosa, caulibus ramulisque gracillimis. Folia spathulato-
oblonga, maxima circiter 4 lin. longa, precipue margine
subtus secus costam setulosa. Flores axillares, solitarii, vix 3 lin.
diametro. Calyx setulosus, es 5-lobatus, lobis oblongis.
Corolle lobi orbiculares, undulati. Squame parve, rotundate.
Stamina ac stylus inclusi. Nucule Great Hf. leves,
nitidz.

Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft., and Wharton Range, 11100 ft.

SOLANACEA.
Solanum aviculare, Forst. f. Prod., p. 18; hagas Fl. Austral.
ts

iv., p

Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft.
Solanum dallmannianum, Warb.? in Eng. Bot. Jahrb. xiii.,
41

Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft.

Solanum torvum, Sw.; K. Schum. Fl. Kais. Wilh. Land, p. 117.
Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft. `

SCROPHULARIACEJE.
Peer is imeem Benth; F. Muell. Papuan Pl., i, p. 90;
h. Fl. Austral. iv., p. 496.
ae, m Sasichier, about 4000 ft.
3435 B2

108
Veronica Lendenfeldii, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i.
een Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft. and Wharton Range,
1110

Veronica sp.
Mount Scratchley, 12400 ft.

GESNERACEE.

Dichrotrichum sp.
Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft.

ACANTHACE.
Ptyssiglottis ?
Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft.

Graptophyllum hortense, Nees; F. Muell. Papuan PI. ii., p. 33.
Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft.

VERBENACEE.

Callicarpa longifolia, Lam.; K. Schum. Fl. Kais. Wilh. Land,
p. 119; Benth. Fl. Austral. v., p. 57.

Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft.
Callicarpa sp.
Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft.
LABIATE.
Plectranthus ?
Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft.
POLYGONACEE.

Polygonum chinense, Linn.; DC. Prod. xiv., p. 130.
Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft.

NEPENTHACEA.
Nepenthes spp. 2.
Without locality.
PIPERACEE.

Piper excelsum, Forst. f. Prod., p. >.
Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4,000 ft.

109

MYRISTICACER.
Myristica lepidota, Blume; Mig. Ann. Bot. ii., p. 46.
Mount Seratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

THYMELZEACEJE.
m. ericoides, Hook. f. in Hook. Ic. Pl. t. 895; F. Muell.
in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i. pt. 2, p. 4.

ri Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft.

LORANTHACE.

Loranthus (Heteranthus) pachypus, Burkill ; serrer ug Zi
pendulo, Sieber, affinis, sed pese crassis diversi ssim

Rami crassiusculi, glabri, tice cinerei. Folia spout
anguste obovata, apice rotu ER ie in petiolum 2-3 lin. longum
angustata, 13-13 poll. longa, 7-9 lin. lata, d ee
nervis lateralibus utrinque duobus tribusve pri p
indistinctis infra nullo modo visibilibus. Inflorescentia foliis

tubus cupuliformis, margine minute 4-dentatus. Perianthii
elite (matura non visa) Li mmatura facile aéptébitié glabra.
Stamina prope basin segmentorum perianthii immaturorum affixa.
Ovarium ellipsoideum, in. longum; stylus, segmentis
perianthii delapsis, 8 lin. longus.

Mount Scratchley, 10000—13000 ft.

One notices at once the swollen joints of the inflorescence
which, when in bud or after the fall of perianth, give it the
appearance of a small Opuntia, whose last and shortest joint is in
this case the bud or the ovary. These joints are narrowed at their
insertion, and readily break off at this point.

EUPHORBIACEE.
Aporosa ?
Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft.

URTICACEJE.
Elatostema sp. .
Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft.

CONIFER.
Librocedrus papuana, F. Muell.; Warb. in Engl. Bot. Jahrb.,
xvi., p. 12.

Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft.

110

Podocarpus cupressina, R. Br. ex Mirb. in Mém. Mus. Par.,
xiii, p. 75; Bece. Malesia, i, p. 179.

Mount Scratchley, 10000-13000 ft., and Wharton Range,
11100 ft.

HYDROCHARIDACEA.

Ottelia - alismoides, Pers. Syn. Pl. i, p. 400; Benth. Fl. Austral.
vi, p. 527.
Iaro River, near Magibiri, in the Astrolabe Range.

ORCHIDACEZE.

Dendrobium (Stachyobium) rigidifolium, Rolfe; ad D. mirbeli-
anum, Gaud., accedit, recedit petalis latis sepalis sequalibus,
labello minore.

Pseudobulbi teretes, $ ped. E polyphylli. Folia ovata,
subobtusa, sessilia, coriacea, 1-13 poll. longa. Racemi terminales,
2-2} poll. longi, basi Mer tables imbricatis obtectz. Bractew
ovato-oblongs, obtuse, 4-6 lin. longs. Pedicelli 14 poll. longi.
Sepalum posticum M ODIGBP UNE breviter cuspidato-acuminatum,
10-12 lin. longum; lateralia triangulari-falcata, acuta, carinata,

longa, 4j lin. vus Labellum integrum, elliptico-oblongum,
obtusum, recurv 6-7 lin. longum, lateribus erectis paullo
undulatis, disco etib bicarinato. Columna lata, 1 lin. longa.
Mentum breviter conicum, obtusum, 4 lin. Tongimi:

Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft.

This species evidently belongs to the group siete D. mir-
belianum, Gaud., and D. veratrifolium, Lindl., among which it is
remarkable for its broad flat petals not longer uen the sepals.

Dendrobium (Pedilonum) brevicaule, Rolfe ; affinitate
D. Cuthbertsoni, F. Muell.,a quo differt floribus si fori pas labello
cuneato-oblongo abrupte acuminato.

Pseudobulbi brevissimi, cespitosi, oblongi, 4-1 poll. longi,
a u. rnit lanceolata, subacuta, 24 poll. longa,
2—4 lin. lata es ni terminales, breves, 2 3.flori. Bractee late
ovate, acute væ, imbricate, 2-5 lin. longs. Pedicelli
3-1 poll. longi, trialati. Sepalum posticum oblongo-lanceolatum,
acutum, 4-7 lin. longum ; lateralia triangulari-ovata, acuta vel
acuminata, carinata, 2-3} lin. lata, basi cum columnæ pede in
mentum longum extensa. Potala elliptico-lanceolata, acuta, 3-6
lin. longa. Labellum cuneato-oblongum, abrupte acuminatum,
7-11 lin. longum, 14-3 lin. latum, disco levi. Colwmna lata,
2-3 lin. lo Mentum ee iu 'acütum, paululo
incurvatum, 8-12 lin. lon ngum

Mount ck eel , 12200 tt.

is on a sm. 1
pseudobulbs, the other known species bei ng D. cerasinum, Rid ;
D. ponca Ridl., and D. E . Muell., all natives o
New Guinea d

LH

varia, os javanicum, Blume Bijdr. p. 353; Hook. in
Bot. Mag ; Ridl. in Journ. Bot. 1886, p. 354.
eet I Bide, at about 4000 ft.

Glomera papuana, Rolfe; ad G. erythrosmam, Blume, accedit,
foliorum vaginis verrucosis, laminis triplo vel quadruplo minoribus
differt.

Caules graciles vel crassiusculi, erecti, 4-6 poll. alti, poly-
phylli. Folia oblongo = Meg ri-lanceolata, oblique et inzqual-
iter bidentata, 1- poll ^ me lin. lata; vaginee tuberculato-
verrucose. Capitula T- 9 Im: a, 5-8-flora. JBractec late ovate,
subacute , Py te Aen. lin. Pick, Yee 2-3 lin. longi.

epalum m pos osticum ovatum, subacutum, concavum, 1} lin. longum ;
lateralia late ovata, subacuta, concava, hast obliqua. Petala ovata,

ubacuta, concava, in Lae em basi ample saccatum,

obtusum, 2 lin. long PEDEM . latum ; lamina patens, ovato-oblonga,
obtusa, $ lin. Tilia: intact Bite ee slick: -reflexis, disco quinque-
carinato. Columna clavata, 14 lin. agen alis oblo ee obtusis.
Mentum saccato-oblongum, obtusum, 2 lin. lougum

Oriomo River.

n interesting addition to the genus, the two previously known
G.

An
species being G. er eo Blume, from Java, and G. montana,
Reichb. f., from Fij

Giulianettia, Rolfe (gen. nov.). Kepala heathens Wise erc.
lateralia basi ultra insertionem oblique extensa, connata, pone
labelli calcarem iiti liberam breviter rre abr tes
Petala sepalis angustiora. Labellum basi columns affixum et
cum ea in tubum brevem connatum, basi longe calcaratum ;
lamina erecta, integra, late cordato-ovata, concava, uasa is medio
rassiuscula. Colwmna brevissima, crassa; clinandrium cavum,
amplum, crenulatum. Anthera terminalis, fem tn adores ns,
convexa, 2-locularis ; pollinianon visa.—Herba epiphytica, humilis.
Flores terminales, solitarii, e medio bractearum ar
paleaceo-scariosarum horizontale ad apices ramorum enascen

Giulianettia tenuis, Rolfe (sp. unica). Icones Plantarum, t.
2616.

Mount Se 12200 ft.

A very interesting monotype, er voe be Ceratoslylis, €
differing in dis large solitary flowers, in the ulate bases of t
n l sepals united "into a ese | limb t behind. the spur of the lip,

t forming a mentum with the foot of the column, and in the
long spur of the lip, isch is about three times as E as the
limb. The pollinia were missing from the flower examin

Calanthe Englishii, Rolfe; ad C. clavatam, A accedit,
differt labello integro, calcare oblongo et duplo bre

Rhizoma repens. Vau lineari - lanceolata, ns in
petiolum attenuata, 1-1} ped. alta, 7-9 lin. lata. Scapus 2 ped.
iim vaginis oblongis paucis obtectus. —/vacemus brevis, pauci-

flor actee decidusm. Pedicel i 6-7 lin. longi. Sepala
eo Ublongs, 4—5 lin. m posticum obtusum, Jateralia

113

apiculata. Petala elliptico-oblonga, obtusa, 3-4 lin. longa.
Labellum ad apicem colt E affixum, integrum, late obovatum,
obtusum, concavum, 3-4 lin. longum, basi venis 2 paullo incrass-
atis; calcar elliptico- -oblongum, obtusum, 2 lin. longum. Columna
clavata, 1j lin. longa.

Neneba, Mount Scratchley, at about 4000 ft.

The bracts fall before the flowers expand, as in other species of
this affinity

Podochilus densiflorus, Blume in ET iv., p. 44, tt. 192,
fig. 5, 200, fig. B. ; Mig. "Ann. Bot. i . 687.
Vanapa Valla 2000—4000 ft.

Pterostylis papuana, Rolfe; ad P. cucullatam, R. Br., accedit,
sed foliis angus tioribus, Si aries petalisque longioribus, labello
angustiore facile distingui

Caulis aaa circa ; i altus. Folia ee petiolata,
ovato-oblonga, subacuta, 1-14 poll. longa, 5-6 lin. lata ; petiolus
6-9 lin. longus ; folia caulina sessilia, lanceolata, Sant concava,
10-12 lin. longa, 2-3 lin. lata. Flos solitarius. Bractea lanceolata,

l

longa. Petala ee ee acuta, 13 poll. longa, Labellum
anguste lanceolatum, acuminatum, 9-10 lin longum ; appendix
uncata, 2 lin. longa, apice penicillata. Columna 9 lin. longa ; ale
dolabriformes, utrinque icd in dentem filiformem extensa, basi
in lobum oblongum extens

Mount Scratchley, 12200 p

This discovery extends the range of the genus to New Guinea,
it having previously been known only from Australia, New
Zealand, and New Caledonia

SCITAMINEE.
Alpinia sp., A. macranthæ, Scheff., affinis.
Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft.
Alpinia sp.
Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft., and Wharton Range, 11100 ft.

IRIDACER.
Libertia pulchella, Spreng. Syst. i., p. 169; Benth. Fl. Austral.
ri, p. 413

we

Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft.

LILIACEA.

Cordyline M Kunth; F. Muell. Papuan Pl. i, p. 915
Benth. Fi. Austra ak <
J Neneba, Mount vind about 4000 ft.

113

T ERE gig R. Br.? F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i.,
p.35; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii., p. 11.
Pea Art 12200 ft., and Wharton Range, 11100 ft.
Dianella memorosa, Lam. (D. ensifolia, Red.) : K. Schum. FI.
Kais. Wilh. Land, p. 14 ; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii., p. 16
Neneba, Mount Seratchley, about 4000 ft.

COMMELINACER.
Pollia sp.
Neneba, Mount Scratchley, about 4000 ft.

PALME.
Areca sp.
Without locality.
Adelonenga sp.
Without locality.
Orania sp., O. regali, Zipp., affinis.
Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft.
Korthalsia sp.
Without locality.

n each case the s of the palms are only sufficient to
Dionis the genus

PANDANACEE.
Pandanus sp.
Without locality.
NAIADACEJE.
Aponogeton monostachyon, Linn. f.; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii.,
8.

Magibiri, Astrolabe Range, 2000 ft.

ERIOCAULACE &.
Eriocaulon sp.
Mount Seratchley, 12200 ft.
ÜYPERACEE.
Cyperus pedunculosus, F. Muell.; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii.,
- 245

Viis Valley, 2000-4000 ft.

Scirpus fluitans, Linn. ; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii., p. 326.
Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft

114

ypolytrum Parvibractea, C. B. Clarke; H. prolifero, ae:
ehem. differt spicis rubro-brunneis, culmi vaginis aphylli
Culmus gracilis, 2 ped. longus, aphyllus; nodi 3, distantes ;
ine in nodis sitze, 2 poll. longer, zubro-bruupei , apice unilater-
aliter acutate. Folia basalia longa, } poll. lata, j-nervia, in
marginibus modice spinulosa. Panic ula composita, 15 poll. alta,
3 a lata, in pseudo-umbellam fere depressa, omnino rufo-
runnea, bracteis 4-4 poll. longis ovatis acutis. Spice longe,
ellipsoide:e, brunnem. Stylus 2-fidus. Nucis rostrum conicum,
nuci subequilongum

Mount Scratchley,- 12250 ft.

Carpha alpina, R. Br.; F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i.,
pt. 2, p. 35; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii., p. 381.

Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft.

Schenus curvulus, F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i.
pt. é
Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft.

Costularia paludosa, C. B. Clarke; (Schoenus paludosus, Poir.
Encyc. Suppl., ii, p. 251; Tricostularia paludosa, Benth. Fl.
Austral., vii., p. 382).
The generie name Costularia is published in Dur. et Schinz
o Fl. Afr., v., p. 658, with list of species and of distribution
mbers

Gahnia gc Moritzi; F. Muell. in Trans. Roy. Soe.
Victoria, i., pt. 2, p. 36.
Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft.

Carex vulgaris, Fries, var., gaudichaudiana, Benth. Fl. Austral.
vii., p. 442.
Without locality.

Carex sp., C. lindleyanc, Nees, affinis
Wharton Range, 11100 ft.

GRAMINE A.

Microlena Giulianettii, Stapf; affinis M. avenacee, Hook. f.,
sed foliis pikie —— panicula angustissima stricta, spiculis
rigidioribus dive

Gramen tesi glabrum
Culmi, internodiis (summo ad 2 pue ens excepto) omnibus
brevissimis vel subnullis, foliis superati, tota longitudine vaginati.
Folia omnia bas alia; vaginæ infimee ad squamas ee

1. N d Iıhna

i orsistentes, vagina summa panicula basin amplectens ;
eae brevissime, truncate, membranaceg ; lamin oe eviter
lineares, basi attenuate, sensim in vaginam abeuntes, apice breviter

115

acute, 4-6 poll. longæ, 2—4 lin. late, erecta, firme, rigide, subtus
superne ren ve. foli glabre. Panicule stricte, angustis-

lin , folia equantes vel paullo exserte; rami
solitarii, remoti, pres. ut rhachis compressa several parce
remoteque ramulosi; pedicelli 2-5 lin. longi, filiformes, apice
clavati leviusculi. Spicule lineares, pallide, cum arista 10-11
lin. longe. Gluwm@ minute, ovate, obtuse, scariose, inferior
3-1 lin. superior 3-1 lin. longe. Valve steriles subcoriacee,

in

ong
valvam subsquans, utraque vie re valva fertilis admodum
compressa, oblongo-linearis, subacuta, 35 lin. longa, tenuiter
chartacea, 7-nervis ; palea hyalina, eke: E lin.longa. Stamina

Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft.

Muehlenbergia sp.

Vanapa Valley, 2000—4000 ft.

Deyeuxia en Stapf ; nulli void e affinis, glumis
valvaque rigidis, arista e sinu orta distincta, potius sectionem
novam Scler STe ra sistens. cones Plantor um, t. 2605.

Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft.

The glumes are as rigid as those of Ammophila, and the valve,
though thiar, is still firmer than in any other De yeuzia : fog
lea

seen. The leaves are in structure very li the of
Ammophila arenaria, but the blades are more ten Prid The
awn springs from the sinus of the valve, whilst it is, E believe,
always dorsal in the true Deyeuxias and reduced to a subterminal

mucro or quite absent in Ammophila. This insertion of the awn
in connection with the dir side lobes and the shortly excurrent

side nerves would bring the species near to Fenlapogon, but in
that genus the rhachilla i is glabrous and the top of the ovary con-
spicuously appendaged. he great similarity of the structure of

the blades of De euzia sclerophylla and of the other grasses of
Giulianetti's collection from Mount Scratchley, with the exception
of Microlena, is very Heres and indicative of great (probably
periodical) dry ness of the air

Danthonia oreoboloides, Stapf; affinis D. erigue, Stapf
(D. pauc en u Buch., non R. Br.; Triodie exigue, Kirk),
sed minor, tenuior, spiculis minoribus, valvis exsertis integris
udin distincta. | Zcones Plantarum, t. 2606.

Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft.

I have no doubt that this is the grass which Sir Ferdinand von
Mueller described in Trans. Roy. Soc. Victoria, i., pt. 2, p. 38 and
named peosiépnaly- Festuca oreoboloides.

eee gracile, Brongn. ; K. Schum. Fl. Kais. Wilh. Land,
2

Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft.

116

Poa € Stapf; affinis P. papuane, Stapf, sed. foliis e.
simis ad laminz basin callosis, valvis minus acuminatis 5-ner
bus, paleis in carinis scaberulis quam valvis brevioribus distincta

Gramen dense cespitosum. Culmi erecti, graciles, 5 poll.
longi, sub panicula scaberuli, csterum leves, vix ad mediu
dense vaginate internodiis summo excepto brevissimis are
Folia ad basin dense congesta, flabellatim er pepe.

e g
setacez, lateraliter compressa, canaliculatz, apice en
et oblique acutate, 2 poll. long, rigide, erectze. Panicula
paupera, linearis, 9— 10 lin. longa, stricta ; rami inferiores geminati,
rhachi appresai, 2-1-spiculati, filiformes, scaberuli ; pedicelli
ramis similes, crassiusculi, katerales circa 1 lin. longi. Spieule
2-1-flor®, oblong&, fere 2 lin. longs, pallide. Glume oblongo-

breviores, carinis asperulis. Zodiceule insequaliter 2-lobe. Anthere
i lin. longs.

Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft.

Poa minimiflora, Stapf ; affinis P. epileuce, Stapf (Deyeuxiw
epileucæ, Stapf), sed foliis tenuiter setaceis, paniculis up
spiculis minoribus diversa. Icones Plantarum, t. 2608.

Mount Seratehley, 12200 ft.

Poa papuana, Stapf; affinis P. minimiflore, Stapf, sed foliis
minus tenuibus rigidioribus scaberulis, spiculis paullo majoribus,
valvis acute acuminatis quam palea levi paululo brevioribus
diversa. Icones Pinte: t. 2607.

Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft.

Poa papuana, P. callosa, P. minimiflora and P. epileuca form
a small natural group, the affinity of which lies evidently with
Poa kerguelensis, Hook. f. and P. antarctica, Stapf (Triodia
antaretica, Hook. ees = my paper on the flora of Kinabalu
(Trans. Linn. Soc . iv., p. 247), I have pointed out that the
grass which I then denied = Deyeuxia epileuca was “a very

marked species the affinity of which lies rather with some
Australian species (of Deyeuxia) than with any others, though it
is far from being closely connected” and that “the spikelets
come, perhaps, nearer to those of D. gunniana, Benth.” ; but I

was then “still doubtful as to the true systematic position " of the
grass (l.c. 105). The Menit of Poa papuana and P. minimi-

Jlora has now given me the key to it in the dieoduam indicated

above. This group of Pow is well marked off from the rest by the
minute 1-2-flowered spikelets and e firmer texture of the glumes

and valves and will probably have to stand as a section of Poa.

Deyeuxia gunniana, Benth., and = closely allied D. ee

117

the base point to a different genus. P. papuana, and, perhaps, also
= nun yore are evidently the grasses which Sir Ferdinand

Mueller ORDER as Festuca pusilla (Trans. Roy. Soc
7. e 1. , Pt. 2, p. 38).

Festuca monantha, Stap/ ; affinis F. papuane, Stapf, sed culmis
alte vaginatis foliis brevioribus, vaginis inferioribus brevibus,
spiculis 1-floribus m glumis valvam equantibus, ovario
apice pilosulo divers

Gramen dense er innovationibus intravaginalibus.
Culmi graciles, erecti, levissim i, 4 ped. alti, tota piene
vaginati. Folia Sra Xp ge ta ; vagi inse lateraliter com press
obtuse carinate, firm 1—9-nerves, persistentes, basales 3 job.
longe ; ligule ioannis; obtuse subaur riculate ; lamin:e erecte,
setace®, eite plicatze, subacute, 4 poll. pede rigide, v vix costata,
eves. "Panicula linear ris, ne 2 poll. longa, erecta ; rami
distantes, Kinplicee, rhachi angulate scabra appresse, 3-2-spicu late,
versi aim longiores circiter 3 poll. longs ; pedicelli crassiusculi,

1-fü

ramis similes, laterales ad 1 lin. longi. Spicule orm, fere
211 in. toita; virides; rhachillæ processus a scaberulus.
Glume lanceolate, acuminate mbranaceo-marginate, cæterum

herbaces, inferior 2 lin. pa udo cane ite d nervis, superior
emn en latior 3-nervis. Valva lineari-lanceolata (a neis
am tenuem subequilongam abeuns, supern
Saar, » -nervis, glumam superiorem æquans vel ea subbrevior.
Palea va — æquans, carinis superne scabris. Lodicule fimbriate.
Anthere 4-% lin. longe. | Ovarium sont minute pilosulum.
Caryopsis ‘oblonga; hilum medium exceden
Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft.

Festuca a ih affinis F. tige riens Lam., inter
species antarcticas, F. ovine, Linn., su ubsp. 7 . frigide, Hack., isl
species ceci ve eteris ; £ ab Tiüfte ’ foli iis longis, valvarum nerv
magis conspicuis; ab illa preterea vaginis fere ad os inte egris, ab

a pre

c ra oe panicula longiore, AD Ms paullo majori-
bus dive

Gramen E es innovationibus ee rade
crebris. Culmi erecti 1-2 ped. alti, levissimi, vix ad mediu
vaginati. Folia numerosa ad basin subtlabellatim arcte émet :
vagina lateraliter Vis oie ql Vera carinatz, fere ad os integra,
exteriores 5-7- interiores 3- es, Ls No penas ; ligule brevis-
sime, obtuse s übanricnlate lamine erect®, setacese, arcte plicatz,

fere lev

Eee carte, So poll. longa ; rahis angulata, scabrida, stricta ;
rami iT rhachi appressi, subsimplices, inferiores ad
1j p et 5-8-spi p filiformes, scaberuli ; pedicelli
i iem. dites les = = lin. longi. Spicule 3—4-florz,
34 lin. longe, purpur vel nigro-fuscescentes vel bas
valvarum virides. Giz ino paullo inzquales, o Shlonptlancéclates,
carinate, 3-nerves, leves vel superne obscure asperuls, inferior
circiter 2 lin., superior 91 "lin. longa. Valve dissite, lanceolate
in aristam breve m abeuntes, superne scaberule vel subleves,

ulae, 5-nerves, nervis prominulis. Palec valvas sequantes,

115

carinis scaberulis. Lodicule insqualiter 2-lobe, fimbriatule.
Anthere 3 lin. longe. Ovarium glabrum. Caryopsis lineari-
oblonga, a dorso compressa, 14 lin. longa, antice vix sulcata ;
hilum ultra medium productum lineare.

Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft.

This is, no doubt, the plant enumerated by Sir Ferdinand von
Mueller as F. ovina in ant Roy. Soc, Victoria i., pt. 2, p. 38.

FILICES.
Gleichenia flagellaris, Spreng. ; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 14;
F. Muell. Papuan Pl. ii., p. 35.
Without locality.

Hymenophyllum demissum, Sw.; Hook & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 61.
Mount Scratchley, 12400 ft

ss ag a AE D Sw.; Hook. & etes Syn. Fil., p. 62;
F.M n Ann. Rep. Brit. N. Guin. 1894, p. 126.

CE Vale 2000.

Hymenophyllum tunbridgense, Sm.; F. Muell. in Trans. Roy.
Soc. Victoria, i. pt. 2, p. 40; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii., p. 706.

Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft.

Trichomanes apiifolium, Ps Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 86 ;
Becc. Malesia, iii., p. 34 ; nth. Fl. Austral. vii., p. 703.

Vanapa Valley, En, 5

Trichomanes ver cum WM: Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 83 ;
Becc. Malesia, iii., p. 33; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii., p. 702.

Vanapa Sin on ft.

Trichomanes maximum, Blume; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 86;
Becc. Malesia, iii., p. 34.

Vanapa Valley, 2000—4000 ft.

Trichomanes ne cedit Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 81;
F. Muell. in n. Rep. Bri . N. Guin. 1894, p. 126 ; Benth.
Fl. Austral. vii., T “703.

Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft.

Trichomanes rigidum, Bi Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 86;
Becc. Malesia, iii., p. 38 ; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii., p. 702.

Vanapa Valley, ant ft.

Trichomanes trichophyllum, Moore ; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil.,
p. 466 ; Becc. Malesia, iii., p. 34.
Mount Scratchley, 12400 ft.

119

Davallia (Humata) bipinnatifida, Baker speciebus reliquis
hujus subgeneris recedit frondibus re deltoideis bipin-
natifidis

Rhizoma gracile, longe repens, paleis lanceolatis appressis
membranaceis pallide brunneis. Lamina lanceolato- deltoidea,
bipinnatifida, 5-6 poll. longa, deorsum 2 poll. lata, coriacea, glabra,
rhachi primaria gracili nuda; pinnæ sessiles, inferiores reliquis
RAP es, steriles oblonge, obtuse, deorsum parce br eviter pinnati-

perspicus; petiolus ricis nudus, 3-4 poll. longus. Sori ad
i = ;

Werke haw: 2000-4000 ft.

Davallia blumeana, vase Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 93;
F. Muell. Papuan Pl., DM
' Vanapa Valley, 2 2000-4000 ft.

Davallia hirta, Kaulf.; Hook. & Baker Syn. Fil., p. 100.
Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft.

Davallia rege lanceolata, Baker ; Ls reliquis
hujus subgeneris recedit frondibus parvis bool a

Rhizoma pen breviter repens. Lamina Tac bipin-

nata, 2- 4p onga, 6-8 lin. lata, glabra, viridia ; rhachis nuda,

b :
persistens, glabrum, Hide:
Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft.

Davallia pinnata, Cav.; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 98.
Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft.

Da a er Desv.; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 93 ; Becc.
Malesia iii., p. 36.
Mount sek E 12400 ft., and Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft.

Lindsaya cultrata, Sw. ; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 105; Bece.
Malesia iii., p. 36 ; Benth. Fl. Austral. vil; p. 719.

Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft.

Lindsaya lobata, du Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil, p. 111;
F. Muell. Papuan Pli p. 78; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii. ; p. 720.

Vanapa Valley, 200-4000 ft.

As splenium amboinense, Willd; Seem. Fl. Vit, p. 353; Bece.
Malesia iii., p. 39.

Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft.

120

Asplenium cuneatum, Lam.; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 214;
F. Muell. Papuan PI. ii., p. 37. :

Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft.

Asplenium falcatum, Lan.; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 208;
F, Muell. Papuan Pl., i., p. 16; Benth. Fl. Austral. vii. px "746.

Mount Scratchley, 16600:18000 ft.

Asplenium longissimum, Blume; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil.,
p.199; F. Muell. Papuan Fy. Ue De Ol,

Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft

Asplenium tenerum, en Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 901 ;
Mett. in. Miq. An n. Bot. i + p. 204.

Vanapa Valley, "9000-4000 ft.

Didymochlena lunulata, Desv.; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 248.
Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft.

Aspidium murem. Sw.; Hook, & Baker, Syn. Fil, p. 255;
Benth. Fl. Austral. vii., p. 757.
Vanapa Pind 2000-4000 ft.

Nephrodium albo-punetatum, Desv.; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil.,
p. 264.

Vanapa Valley, 2000—4000 ft.

a ee dissitifolium, Baker; ad N. elongatum,
Hook. et Grev., accedit ; differt pinnulis haud contiguis, indusio
haud Peta en it.

Lumina tn ae tripinnata, 15-2 ped. longa, sub-
coriacea, glabra ; rhachis , gracilis, pallide brunnea; pinne
inferiores majores, eer eis breviter petiolate, 4—5 poll. ‘lon ngs ;
pinnuls UM sessiles, obtuse, basi cuneate, pinnatifide:
vel basi pinnate; segmenta tertiaria oblonga, obtusa, erecto-
patentia ; pekala sn nitidus, pallide brunneus; ven»
segmentis tertiariis pinna ori uirinque costam pinnularum
cente haud contigui. a ee reniforme, glabrum, cito

eciduu

Modni è Beki. 10000-13000 ft.

Nephrodium patens, Desv. ; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil, p. 262;
Becc. Malesia iii., p. 43.

Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft.

Nephrolepis deer Presl; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 301;
Bece. Malesia iii., p. "44,

Vanapa valley, 2000-4000 ft.

Polypodium cucullatum, Nees ; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 324
Bece. Malesia iii., p. 47.

Wharton Range, 11100 ft.

121

Polypodium undosum, Baker in Journ. ES 1890, p. 108;
Muell. in Ann. Rep. Brit. N. Guin. 1894, p. 126.

Mount Scratchley, 10601-14000 ft.

Polypodium Vp emp Blume; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil.,
p. 338 ; F. Muell. in Ann. Rep. Brit. N. Guin. 1894, p. 126.

Without ene

Polypodium vic ap a saa inn.; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 364 ;
F. Muell. Papuan PI. i., p. 48 ; Bei ith. Fl. Austral, vii., p. 769.
Neneba, Mount deis about 4000 ft.
Gymnogramme quinata, Hook.; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil.,
p. 387 ; Becc. Malesia iii., p. 49.
Vanapa Valley, 2000—4000 ft.
Acrostichum blumeanum, Hook. ; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil.,
p. 423; Becc. Malesia iii., p. 51.
Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft.
Acrostichum conforme, Sıw.; Hook. & Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 401 ;
Benth. Fl. Austral. vii., p. 718.
With out locality.

Acrostichum ige Linn. ; Hook. & Baker, Si er Fil., p. 424 ;
Bece. Malesia iii., p. 51; Ber ith. Fl. Austral. vii. p. 780.
Without icti
Todea (Leptopteris) alpina, Baker; ad T. Fraseri, Hook. et
rev., accedit ; differt frondibus deorsum angustatis, pinnulis
profunde pinnatifidis.

Lamina oblongo-lanceolata, 13-2 ped. longa, medio 8-9 poll.
lata, ad basin sensim attenuata, membranacea, nigrescentia, glabra,
rhachi nuda ; pinne lanceolate, sessiles, centrales 1 poll. longe
l poll. late, rhachi anguste alata, inferiores sensim minores

de
pinnatifide ; segmenta tertiaria linearia, integra, uninervata ;
eee radni; brevis. Sori pauci, prerani sparsi.
Mount Scratchley, 10000-18900 ft.
Marattia fraxinea, Sm., var., sambucina, (Blume); Hook. &
Baker, Syn. Fil., pp. 440, 441.
Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft.
Ophioglossum pendulum, Linn. ; Hook. Baker, Syn. Fil., p. 446.
Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft.

LYCOPODIACEÆ,

Lycopodium cernuum, Linn. ; Baker, Fern Allies, p. 23.
Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft.
3435 c

192
3 Lycopodium Phlegmaria, Linn.; Baker, Fern Allies, p. 22.
Locality uncertain.
Lycopodium scariosum, Forst.; Baker, Fern Allies, p. 29.
Without locality.

SELAGINELLACEJE.

Selaginella caulescens, Spring; Baker, Fern Allies, p. 94.
Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft.
Selaginella viridangula, Spring ? ;
Vanapa Valley, 2000-4000 ft
Selaginella Wallichii, Spring; Baker, Fern Allies, 90.
Vanapa Valley, 2000—4000 ft

Baker, Fern Allies, p. 92.

Isoetes neoguineenis, vocat ad sectionem S' ticas pertinet ;
ad I, Muelleri, A. Br., et J. Kirkii, A. Br., accedit ; differt macro-
sporis levibus, velo IN:

Cormus 3-4-lobus. Folia densa, numerosa, atroviridia 2-3 pol
longa, sursum subteretia deorsum applanata, basi abrupte dino.

o

bosæ, albæ, inter costas elevatas læve
Berger oblonge, pallide brunnez, minute tuberculate.
Mount Seratehley, 10000-13000 ft.

MUSCI.

Acanthocladium ig Broth. & Geheeb in Ofvers. Finsk. Vet
Soc. Förh. Helsingfors, 1v., p. 100.

Wharton Range, ‘2100. ft.

Acanthocladium complanatulum, Broth. en someone:
tulum, C. Müll. in Journ. Mus. Godeffroy, vi, p. 8

Without locality.

Acrocladium politum, Witt. in Journ. Linn. Soc., xii.,

Wharton Range, 11100 ft

Dal gens m Broth. in Öfvers. Finsk. Vet.-Soc. Förh.
Holsinafors, lv., p. 9.

Mount Scott 12200 ft.

Ectropothecium (Vesicularia) angustirete, Broth. in Ófvers.
Finsk. Vel, "wem Förh. Helsingfors, \v., p. 96.

Astrolabe Range, 2000 ft.

thecium ena Broth. in Öfvers. Finsk. Vet.-Soc.

re elsingfors, lv., p. 98.

Without locality.

p. 531.

123

Ectropothecium pr m Broth. in Öfvers. Finsk. Vet.-Soc.
Förh. Helsingfors, lv., p. 96.

Without locality.

Ectropothecium nn, Broth. & Geheeb in Öfvers. Finsk.
Vet.-Soc. Förh. Helsingfors, 1v., p. 97.

Without locality.

ten ei Broth. in Öfvers. Finsk. Vet.-Soc. Förh.
Helsingfors, lv.

Without quie

nbi dia nn Broth. in Öfvers. Finsk. Vet.-Soc. Förh.
Helsingfors, p. 92.
Without Pos d

Leptostomum intermedium, Broth. in Ófvers. Finsk. Vet.-Soc.
Fórh. Helsingfors, lv., p. 86.
Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft.

Leucophanes Giulianettii, Broth. in Ofvers. Finsk. Vet.-Soc.
Förh. Helsingfors, lv., p. 72.
Without locality.

Macromitrium erg Broth. in Öfvers. Finsk. Vet.-Soc
Förh. Helsingfors, lv., p. 80.
Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft.

Microthamnium macrocarpum, Jaeg. Adum. ii., p. 497.
Mount Scratchley, 12400 ft

Mniodendron fusco-aciculare, Broth. (Hypnodendron fusco-
aciculare, C. Müll. in Uhlworm & Haenl. Bibl. Bot., ii., Heft 13,

Mount Scratchley, 12400 ft.

Neckera (Nanocarpidium) Giulianettii, Broth. in Ofvers. Finsk.
Vet.-Soc. Förh. Helsingfors, lv., p. 24.

Without locality.

Papillaria floribunda C. Müll, in Linnea, xl., p 267.
Without locality.

Pterobryum piliferum, Broth. d Geheeb in Öfvers. Finsk, Ve
Soe. Förh. Helsingfors, lv., p. 93.
Without locality.
Schistomitrium breviapiculatum, Broth. in Ofvers. Finsk. Vet.-
Soc. Förh. Helsingfors, lv., p. 72.
Without locality.
3435 C2

124

Schl a a Sas Broth. in Öfvers. Finsk. Vet.-Soe, Förh.
Helsingfors, lv., p. 82.

Without aly:

Schlotheimia pilicalyx, Broth. & Geheeb in Ofvers. Finsk. Vet.-
Soc. Förh. Helsingfors, xxxiv., p. 61.

Wharton Range, 11100 ft.

Symblepharis obliqua, Brotherus un obliquum,
Salinon in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxxiii, p. ); species distinctis-
sima, a S, perichetiali, Wils., statura PObadH oS et theca asym-
metrica ssepe curvatula facile Koben da.

Planta robusta, ok nint. ceespitibus compactis 3-4 cm. altis
utescentib

erectis fastigiatis. Folia sicca crispata, humida erecto-patentia, e
basi oblonga sensim longe lanceolato-subulata, acuta, marginibus
erectis integris vel summo apice parcissime denticulatis, nervo
basi circa 15 mm. lato cum apice evanido ; cellule incrassate,
subquadrate, basilares lineares, alares numerose, magne, fusco-
aures, Vene eves. Bractece perichetii in cylindrum exsertum
convolute, basi longe vaginante longe subulate, subula
subintegra. n eta 2 cm. alta, flexuosula, tenuis, lutea vel lutescenti-
rubra. Theca erecta, asymmetrica, recta vel curvatula, cylindrica,
fusca, levissima; peristomium simplex; exostomii dentes 16,

r
papillosis, purpurei; operculum e basi conica an oblique
rostratum. Spore 017-020 mm., oliad, papillos

Wharton Range, 11100 ft.

oae tae adpressus, Broth. in Öfvers. Finsk. Vet.-Soc. Förh.
Helsingfors, lv., p. 78.

Without bodatty:

Syrrhopodon croceus, Mitt. in Journ. Linn. Soc., iii., Suppl.,
p. 41.
Oriomo River.

Tetraplodon mnioides, Bruch & Schpr. Bryol. Eur., t. 289.

Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft.

Fran cymbifolium, Dozy & .Molkenb. Bryol. Javan. ii.,
p: 11 221

Without locality.

Thuidium glaucinum, Bosch & Lac. in Dozy & Molkenb. Bryol.
Javan, ii., p. 117, t. 222.

Without locality.

Trichosteleum hamatum Jaeg. Adum. ii., p. 486.
Without locality.

135
Trichosteleum papillatum, Paris in Actes Sor. Linn. Bordeaux,
li., p. 349.
Oriomo River.

Zygodon Reinwardtii, A. Br. in Bryol. Eur. iii., Zygodon, p. 9.
Without locality.

HEPATICJE.

Cololejeunea hirta, Steph. sp. n.

Planta dioica, uen in sicco flavicans, foliis vivis irrepens et
subceespitans aulis tenuis, divaricatim multiramosus. Folia
pro planta mái) plana, contigua, recte patula, juniora erecta,
falcato- decurva, e basi eonico angustata falcato-ovata, i.e. margi

*
singula centrali ornate. Lobulus valde inflatus, folio subtriplo
brevior, e basi angusta oblongus, hens levi arcuata levi sinu in
folium excu ei apice epp truncatus, angulo acuto decurvo

plus duplo longiora quam lata, post fructus emissi

tibus, ad m perianthii de ntibus, o 8 conice
dentatis, rostro oralia perianthio Eee breviora,
mde te accra ut caulina dentata, lobulo duplo teas

Vie Valley, 2000-4000 ft.

Frullania nobilis, Steph. in Hedwigia, 1894, p. 154.
Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft

Herberta Wichura, Steph. in Hedwigia, 1895, p. 45.
Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft

Lepidozia Neesii, Lindenbg. in Gott. Sp. Hepat., p. 212.
Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft.

— beecheyana, Tayl. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot., 1846,
p.
Without locality.

Lophocolea ciliolata, Mitt. in Journ. Linn. Soc. v., p. 99.
Without locality.
Plagiochila brauniana, Nees in Lindenbg. & Gott, Sp. Hepat.,
p. 117, t. 24.
Mount Scratchley, 12200 ft.

126

Thysanolejeunea lanceolata, Steph. in Hedwigia, 1896, p. 139.

Vanapa Valley, 2000—4000 ft.

Trachylejeunea Englishii, Steph. sp. n.

Planta dioica, minor, fusco-viridis, in filicis fronde repens.
Caulis pro planta validus, viridis, regulariter pinnatus, pinnulis
subbrevibus. Folia contigua, subrecte patula, parum concava,
late ovata, subacuta, basi antica longe soluta caulique vix incum-
bentia. Cellule marginales parve (8 p), irregulariter papilloso-

l

prominulæ ideoque optime crenatæ, medianæ p, basales
25 x 25 u, trigonæ minimæ. „Fobulus bullatim inflatus, folio
triplo brevior, carina valde arcuata, in sinu angusto abrupte

in

desinens, e lata basi sensim ‘ste status, apice oblique truncatus,
gulo obtuso, sepe ad plicam parvam reductus vel omnino nullus.

Amphigastria caule eus latiora, a caule recte patula, subro-

aon integerrima, transverse inserta; cellule 12 p, angulares
magne pellucide 17 x 34 p, trigonis nullis, ad 4 bifida, lobis late

conicis acutis. Perianthia in ramulis pseudo-lateralia, breviter

amphigastrium florale o ut lobuli integerrimum, ad
i aie sinu er "Tobis late conicis acutis. Reliqua
desun

TREE Valley, 2000-4000 ft.
LICHENES.
From Mount Scratchley.

Alectoria ochroleuca Nyl. Prod. Lich., p. 47.

Cetraria sanguinea, Müll.-Arg. in Journ. Linn. Soc. xxix.,
p. 218.
Cladonia sp.
Spherophoron australe, Zaur.? in Linnea, ii., p. 44.

Stereocaulon alpinum, Laur. ex E. Fries, Lichenogr. Eur.,
p. 204.

Stictina hirsuta, Nyl. Lich. Scand., p. 95.
Stictina multifida, Ny/. Syn. Lich., p. 363, in obs.

DCLIV.—NEW ORCHIDS.—DECADES 23 and 24.

With the exception of the Habs species E nn at the end,
the orchids described below are from North-east Celebes, an and
were collected and presented by y Dr. S. H. Koo rders, of the en
Administration of Java. A rough jist of orchids is published i

127

his book entitled : one eener Botanische Dienstreis door de
Minahasa, pp. -32 and the localities here given were
extracted therefrom ; the pee numbers being cited as are
attached to the specimens.

221. Microstylis repens, Rolfe; ad M. commelynifoliam, Zoll.,
accedit, sed foliis subdistantibus longe peti € ee lineari-
oblongis, et labelli auriculis multo brevioribus diff

Rhizoma repens. Folia nr dE ; limbus late ovatus

vel cordato-ovatus, acutus , 4-8 lin. longus, 3-7 lin. latus; petiolus
circa 6 gus, argin b ; in v
tubulosam caulem amplectentem dilatatu mre graciles, circa
5 poll. longi ; racemi 1-121 poll. Per laxiflori ; bracteæ ovato-
lanceolatz, acute, reflexe, 3-1 lin. longs; D edi celli n
2-21 lin. longi. Sepala ovato- oblonga, obtusa, 1l l

4
Petala lineari-oblonga, obtusa, 1} lin. longa. Labellum 1j lin.

bid ;
Columna 1 lin. lon

NORTH-EAST CELEBES. Lokon, Goenoeng Klabat, Minahassa,
Koorders, 29531.

222. en. cordifolia, Rolfe; affinis M. a a der
Zoll., ua di oliis majoribus, petalis oblongo-lanceolatis,
labelli- lobo ea angusto et multo longiore, iacent bet
latioribus

uua repens. Folia eel ee — late cordatus, acutus
vel breviter acuminatus, 2-1 poll. lo ongus, 4-3 poll. latus ; petiolus
6-9 poll. longus, basi in vaginam tubulosa. am caulem amplectentem

dilatatus. Scapi graciles, circa 9 poll. longi; racemi
longi, multiflori ; bracteze lanceolate, acuminate, reflex, 1—13 His:
; pedicelli graciles, 1 lin. longi. Sepala ovata, subobtusa

a, 1-1
. longa. tenes 1j lin. longum, trilobum, basi biauricu-
latum ; lobi latera = gets apice profunde fimbriati ; intermedius
oblongus, bidenta g subobtusze

4 lin. longe. ma 1 lin. longa.

NORTH-EAST CELEBES. Lokon, Goenoeng Klabat, Minahassa,
Koorders, 29539

223. Dendrobium (Sarcopodium) parvulum, Rolfe; species
minuta, a D. pusillo, m. segmentis acutis et labello non
undulato disingtqida

Rhizoma repens, validum. Pseudobulbi d ovoidei, 2 lin.
ee diphylli. Folia sessilia, se vel ovat pe acuta vel

apiculata, 3-5-nervia, 3-5 lin ga, 13-2} lin. lata. Pedicelli
5 lin. longi, lateraliter acute a vel mace ti. Sepalum
sti vato-lanceolatum, acutum, 34 lin. 1 ; lateralia sub-

0
similia, leviter falcata, obtuse carinata, basi in mentum oblongum
levit ier incurvum obtusum extensa. Petala oblongo-lanceolata,

138

acuta, concava, 3 ant longa. eG oblongo- lanceolatum,
apice acuminatum, recurvum, 33 lin. longum, margine incurvum ;
discus tricarinatus. omm: 1 lin. longa. Mentum 3 lin.
longum.

NORTH-EAST CELEBES. Goenoeng Klabat, Minahassa, Koorders,
29565.

Remarkable for its very dwarf habit.

224. Cirrhopetalum Koordersii, Rolfe; C. Thouarsii, Lindl.
simile, sed foliis multo latioribus et petalis obtusis distinctum

Rhizoma repens, validum. Pseudobulbi subdistantes, , tetragoni,

1 poll. longi. Folia breviter en elliptico-oblon ;
53 poll. longa, 13 poll. lata. Pedicelli 7 lin. longi. E iem
posticum elliptico-oblongum, obtusum E lin. ongum, margine

m,
integrum vel minutissime serr ulatum, apice seta filiformi
2j lin. longa instructum ; lateralia supra basin fere ad apicem
fü: ;

n. longa,
falcato-oblonga, obtusa, serrulata et longe ciliata, 2 lin. longa.
Columna lata, 14 lin. longa, doté falcato-lineares, acuminati,
in. longi.

NORTH-EAST CELEBES. Oerwoud Totok, Minahassa, Koorders,
29566.

Very nearly allied to the Mascarene and Polynesian C. Thou-
arsii, Lindl., though apparently distinct. The specimen is not
quite complete

25. Eria (Eriura) tricuspidata, Rolfe; ad E. iridıfoliam,
Hook. f., accedit, differt foliis angustis, labello lato subequaliter
tricuspidato-tri lo bo.

Folia teen. apice ob iqua, acuta ve us ema e
41-8 poll. longa, 3-7 lin. lata. Racemi "Bisnis graciles,
cinereo-pubescentes, 5-64 poll. longi, multiflori ; bractes late

ongi, ut flores cinereo-pubescentes. Sepalum postieum ovatum,
subobtusum, concavum, 14-13 lin. UMS lateralia late ovata,
subobtusa, cum basi columns in mentum saccatum extensa
Petala m Fatt Mao apiculata, joii branabss, 11-13 li n. longa.
Labellum 14-1} lin. longum, 2 lin. latum, subse equaliter tricus-
vidutc-tiobun basi callis 2 oblongis Eiche instructum ; lobi
laterales rotundato-oblongi, obtusi; intermedius apice callo magno
obtuso instructus. Columna brevissima, in pedem longum
extensa. Mentum saccato-oblongum, obtusum, 1 lin. longum.

NORTH-EAST CELEBES. Sapoetan Mountains, at 4200-5000 ft.,
Minahassa, Koorders, 29564.

226. Eria (Hymeneria) celebica, Rolfe; affinis Æ. florib
Lindl., sed racemis et floribus minus pubescent bl et fabelli fae
lateralibus angustis dissimilis.

Pseudobulbi subteretes, apice foliati, poll. longi. Folia
lanceolata vel crepitu di cand acuta, 4-7 poll. longa, 2-13 poll.

129

lata. Racemi graciles, 5 poll. longi, multiflori, b ete et
flores minutissime puberuli ; bractez ovato-oblon

+
E
Pi
ern
"E
["m

latissime triangularia, obtusa, obliqua, basi cum column pede in
mentum oblongum extensum. Petala oblonga, obtusa, 1} lin.
longa. Labellum 21-25 lin. longum, trilobum ; lobi laterales
lineares, subacuti, erecti, lin. longi; intermedius reflexus, ovatus,
obtusus vel emarginatus, convexus, $ lin. longus; discus levis.
Columna lata, 4 lin. longa. Mentum 1i lin. longum.

H-EAST CELEBES. Lokon, Goenoeng Klabat, Minahassa,
DP. 29563.

227. Phreatia Koordersii, Rolfe; P. eleganti, Lindl., similis,
differt bracteis brevioribus et floribus minoribus.

Caules abbreviati, circa 6-phylli. Folia elongato-linearia, obtusa,
45-6 poll. longa, 2-3 lin. lata. Scapus gracilis, 9 poll. longus,
vaginis lanceolatis paucis obtectus ; racemus 4 poll. longus, multi-

3] o æ:

edicelli . longi. j j

elliptico-ovata, obtusa, sepalis fere duplo minora. Labellum sepalis

P ongius, basi late unguiculatum, apice — dilatatum,
4 lin. latum, discus trinervis. Columna brevissim

NORTH-EAST CELEBES. Summit of Mt. u, Mina-
hassa, Koorders, 29493.

228. Phreatia celebica, Rolfe; species ex affinitate P. prorepentis,
mer > a qua differt petalis lanceolato-ovatis, labello flabellato-
dilata

Rhizoma aoe Lj redit d uae parvi, 3—4 lin. longi, cue

, 24-

phylli. Folia lin lan a, 0 3 poll. longa, 3-33 li
Fre, i oil : ne Ar: 2 poll Dur
multiflorus ; bract lanceolate, acuminate, 1-14 lin. longs;
pedicelli 1 lin. longi. i edi a. ovata, acuta vel apiculata,
4 lin. longa; postieum paullo minus. Petala lanceolato-ovata,

subacuta, sepalo postico. Padal Labellum 1 lin. :
basi unguiculatum, apice flabellato-dilatatum, apicülaidni, i lin.
latum ; discus trinervis. Columna brevissima.

NORTH-EAST CELEBES. Sapoetan mountains, at 3600 ft., Mina-
hassa, Koorders, 29494.

229. Calanthe celebica, Rolfe; ad C. purpuream, Lindl., accedit,
recedit floribus minoribus, 1 abelli lobis lateralibus multo brevi iori-
bus, intermedio latiore, et calcare multo breviore.

Folia petiolata, elliptico-oblonga, acuta, puberula, 4-6 poll.
longa vel ultra; petiolus 14-4 poll. longus. Scapus erectus,
pubescens, 6 poll. longus vel ultra, pauciflorus ; bractese anguste
lanceolate, acuminate, 4-6 lin. longs ; pedicelli 6-9 lin. longi
Sepala ovato-lanceolata, acuta, 6-7 lin. longa. Petala elliptico-
oblonga, acuta vel apiculata, 5-6 lin. longa. Labellum 6-7 lin.

130

longum, basi columns adnatum, trilobum ; lobi laterales
auriculati, $ lin. ik intermedius obovato-flabellatus, emar-
M esie crenulatu 4-5 lin. latus; discus basi trilamellatus,

OSUS ; alear es UN 6 lin. longum. Columna
eere 1j lin.

NORTH-EAST CELEBES. Summit of Mt. Masarang, Minahassa,
Koorders, 29520.

From an old petiole attached to the specimen, it is evident that
the eem and scape may exceed the dimensions given above

230. Trichoglottis "omar Rolfe ; inter species affines foliis
oblongis et forma labelli i

Caulis validus, n. vaginis striatis verrucosis obtectus.
Folia oblonga, subsqualiter et brevissime biloba, 24-3} poll.

in pedem latum producta; auricule Ue Ua atin pee
recurve, villos®, 13 lin. longe. Capsula oblonga, 23 poll. longa.

NORTH-EAST CELEBES. Near Kajoewatoe, Minahassa, Koorders,
9506.

231. Trichoglottis celebica, Rolfe ; ad en accedit, sed
foliis latioribus et obtusis, floribus majoribus differt

Caulis Simia, polyphyllus. Folia anguste oblonga, s sub-

sa, C 2-23 poll. longa, 5-7 lin. lata; vagin: striate,

rugulose, 310. Jin. long, apice auriculate. Flores fasciculati,

pauci; bractee desunt; pedicelli 2 lin. longi. Sepala patentia ;
n.

intermedius carnosulus ; calcar saccato-oblongum, obtusum, ri-
catum, 14 lin. longum, postico lamina oblonga elie fere jn
longa instructum. Columna crassa, 1 lin. longa, angulis alat

un URS CELEBES. Ranoeketan, Minahassa, Koorders,
9505.

ho

232. Trichoglottis Koordersii, Rolfe ; = affinitate T. lanceolaria,
Blume, sed partibus omnibus duplo majoribus

Caulis elongatus, polyphyllus. Folia oblongo-ancentt sub-
acuta, coriacea, 3-4 poll. longa, 4-5 lin. lata oe striate,
8-9 lin. iua. Flores fasciculati, numerosi ; Br nee
ovate, subacute, minute; pedicelli 13-2 lin. ck pocos

131

posticum lineari-oblongum, subacutum, 2 lin. longum ; lateralia
oblonga, subacuta, bicarinata, 13 lin. longa, basi pedi column:
adnata. Petala lineun-oblongt, subacuta, 2 lin. longa. Labellum

13 lin. longum, basi saccatum ; lamina glabra, triloba ; lobus inter-
medius late oblongus, sabe sus; l les triangulares, b-
obtusi, parvi ; discus peo callo carnoso erecto bilobo instructus ;
calcar saccato-oblongum, j lin. ee ongum, postico callo parvo in-
structum. Columna brevissim

RTH-EAST CELEBES. Lolo mboelan, and near Totok and
Bitatotok. Minahassa, Koorders, 29504, 29507.

233. Vanda celebica, Rolfe « ad V. concolorem, Blume, accedit,
recedit labelli lobo intermedio carnoso lateraliter compresso. $

Caules oo polyphylli. Folia ligulata, apice inequaliter
biloba, 12-13 poll. longa, 10-12 lin. A ee penne Scapus

us 3-3} lin. longus, lateribus omnino compresso-reflexis, basi
utrinque dente oblongo reflexo instructus, apice truncatus et lobis
2 oblongis obtusis carnosis erectis instructus ; discus tricarinatus ;
calcar conicum, obtusum, compressum, 34-4 lin. longum.
Columna 3 lin. longa

NORTH-EAST CELEBES. Minahassa, without precise locality,
Koorders, 29502.

. Oleisostoma Koordersii, Rolfe; C. latifolio, Lindl., simile,
sed flor ibus amend eee ance labelli lobis lateralibus multo
iatineibte distine

Caulis abbreviatus. Folia approximata, lineari- -oblonga, emar-

ginata vel brevissime inequaliter biloba, 5-6 poll. longa,

11-15 lin. lata, crasso-coriacea. Inflorescentice pedunculus circa
ra

oblonga, obtusa, 23-3 lin. longa, subpatentia. Zabellum trilobum ;
lobi laterales latissime triangulari-ovati, subobtusi, lin. longi;
intermedius latissime ovatus, subobtusus, peo carnosus, 4 lin.
longus; calcar saccato-oblongum, obtusu ‚132 lin. longum ;
callus late oblongus, submembranaceus, apice bilobus, 3 lin.
longus. Columna latissima.

NORTH-EAST CELEBES. I Ratatotok, and Amoerang, T
hassa, Koorders, 29500, 29501

235. pm celebicum, Rolfe; ad T. obtusum, Blume,
accedit, differt bracteis Lue ximatis nec. imbricatis, labello
ecalearato subaeuto eden

Caulis brevissimus. ae gracillimi, glabri, 1-13 poll. longi; :
racemi 3-4 lin. longi; bractez disti cha, approximate, squarrose, `

132

late ovato-oblongs, obtuse, conduplicat&, subscabride, 3 lin

longe ; pedicelli graciles, 2-91 lin. longi. Sepala et petala
lineari-lanceolata, subacuta, 14 lin. longa. Labellwm ovatum,
apice acuminatum et Maps > fa 13 lin —n ecallosum, basi

Ka CELEBES. Near Kajoevatos Mice Koorders,
29499.

This species is somewhat kniotralodb in the genus by reason
of the absence of a spur.

236. Appendicula longipedunculata, Rolfe; A. cristate, oo
proxima, sed foliis elliptico-oblongis, labello ecristato diver

Caules one dear <i an Folia elliptico-oblonga, SEX
13-13 poll. 1 6-8 lin. lata. Pedunculi elongati, 1-1 ped.
longi, vaginis r lütioeolitib acutis numerosis obtecti, prope apicem
nonnunquam ramosi; racemi multiflori ; bractez oblongo- lanceo-

triangulari-ovata, acuta, fere 2 lin. longa. Petala late ovata,

subacuta, 1 lin. longa. Labellum late oblongum, subtrilobum,

1} lin. longum ; lobi laterales brevissimi, rotundati ; intermedius

quadratus, obseure tridendatus, concavus. Columna brevissima.

ms eii uus obtusum, 1-14 lin. longum. Capsula oblonga,
li

Nomina CELEBES. Near Pakoe-oere, Minahassa, Koorders,
29495.

231. Macodes celebica, Rolfe; M. javanice, Hook, f., proxima,
differt foliis minoribus, labelli lobis lateralibus oblongis multo
minoribus, intermedio majore.

Caulis brevis. Folia petiolata, ovato-oblonga, eee 11-2
poll. Mmm un lin. lata ; E m in. md ,. Di s in

Sent crue. Ha. onga. Labellwm NES saccatum,
trilobum, 3 lin. longum; lobi laterales oblongi, obtusi, ł lin.
ongi; inte m unguiculatus, orbiculatus, 14 lin. longus.

Da 1} lin. longa.

NORTH-EAST CELEBES. Near Kajoewatoe, Minahassa, Koorders,
29492.

e Kew specimen is imperfect, one scape only being found
in flower, and this is preserved at Buitenzorg.

238. Peristylus bilobus, Rolfe; ad P. Brandisii, Kránzl., accedit,
sed foliis De brevioribus, labelli calcare clavato-oblongo apice
bilobo reced

Planta E w alta. Caulis infra medium foliatus. Folia
oblongo-lanceolata, acuta vel acuminata, d Es longa, 3-7 lin.

. Spica elongata, = eirca 7 lin. ; bractese lanceo-
late, acuminate, 2-4 lin. longs ; pedicelli 2-31 lin. longi. Sepala

133

et petala erecta, DUM lta obtusa, 14 lin. longa. Zubellum
trilobum, basi latum ; lobi laterales divaricati, filiformes, 2-21 lin.
longi ; intermedius triangularis, subacutus, l lin. longus ; calcar
clavato- oblonga m, 14 lin. longum, apice bilobum. Colur
brevissim

NORTH-EAST CELEBES. Sapoetan Mountains, Minahassa,
Koorders, 29489.

239. Vanilla Hartii, Rolfe; species distinctissima, ex affinitate
V. Sprucei, Rolfe, differt foliis brevioribus et floribus minoribus.

Caules subgraciles ; internodia 35-44 poll. longa. Folia breviter
petiolata, ovato-o ne acuminata, 2-23 poll. longa, circa $ poll.
lata, crassiuscula ; petioli 3 lin. longi. ZAacemi breves, crassius-
culi, pauciflori, 5- 8 lin. lóna" ; bracteæ late ovatæ, acutæ, 11-2 lin.
longs; pedicelli $ poll. longi. Sepala oblongo- -Janceolata, sub-
obtusa, 1j poll. longa. Petala sepalis paullo “angustiora, caetera
similia. Labellum column: fere omnino adnatum, 1} poll.
longum; tubus medio angustissimus, basi subinflatus; limbus
cuneato- Prada subinteger, obtusus, crenulatus ; disci vena
paullo inerassatz, presertim prope apicem, ibi tuberculis retrorsis
paucis instructe ; crista appendicibus foliaceis denticulatis retrorsis
composita. Columna gracilis, 14 poll. longa.

TRINIDAD. Cabasterre Arima, Hart, 6255.

240. Vanilla fimbriata, Rolfe ; species ex affinitate V. ensifolie,
Rolfe, sed foliis brevioribus et floribus minoribus.

Caules crassiusculi ; internodia 3-53 poll. longa. Folia breviter
petiolata, lanceolata vel lineari-oblonga, acuta vel subacuminata,
23-53 poll. longa, 7-11 poll. lata, emp petioli 2-3 lin.
longi. cemi crassiusculi, 1-1} poll. longi, multiflori ; Eye
ovato-oblongs, obtuse, 3—4 lin. longe ; pedicelli 3-1} poll. longi.

epala et petala endi FOTE E subobtusa, 13-15 lin. longa.
Labellum 12-14 lin. longum, column: margine longe adnatum ;
tubus angustus ; limbus 5 lin. latus, Arpi fimbriatus ; disci
vens leviter incrassatæ ; crista carnosa, paullo fimbriata, retrorsa.
Columna gracilis, 10 -11 lin. lo onga.

BRITISH GUIANA. Barima River, Jenman, 6771.
A very distinct species. The flowers are noted as green outside,

whitish green inside, and the lip whitish tinged with yellow in
the throat.

MISCELLANEOUS NOTES.

MR. WILLIAM NORMAN SANDS, a member of the gardening
staff of the Royal Botanic Gardens, has been appointed on the
recommendation of Kew, by the Secretary of State for the
Colonies, Curator of the Botanic Station in Antigua

134

MR. MURDO MCNEILL, a member of the gardening staff of the
Royal Botanie Gardens, has been appointed on the recommenda-
tion of Kew, by the Secretary of eere for the Colonies,
Agricultural Instructor i in St. Vincen

MR. ALBERT JOHN JORDAN, a member of the gardening staff of
the Royal Botanie Gardens, has been appointed on the recom-
mendation of Kew, by the ar of State for the Colonies,
Agricultural Instructor i in Montser

Botanical Mask for June.—Begonia venosa is a distinct new
Species discovered by Professor Lofgren, head of the Botanical
Department of the State of Sao Paolo, in an island off the coast of
North Brazil Seeds were sent to Mr. Th homas Christy, F.L.S.,
from whom Kew patient ear received the specimen figured,
and a plant which is now hei in the Begonia house. The

h in several respects resembles B. incana, is well
characterised by its large near stipules. Morea vc Mec
ecies from Cape Colony, whence corms were sent to
Kew by Mr. J. Matthews, of Cape Town. In habit it Kishuiblos
M. Baurii and M. lurida, having slender stems terminated by a
single cluster of flowers. Kleinia pendula, native of Arabia,
Abyssinia and Somaliland, is a singular plant with cylindric,
fleshy branches and stout peduncles, each bearing a single head o
bright vermilion coloured flowers. The specimen drawn was
t by Mr. R. T. Lynch, ALS, Curator of the vr
Botanie Garden. In the collection of living plants at Ke
good specimens, which were received from Mrs. Lort Phillips Ad
the late Mr. J. Theodore Bent. Chr VETE mum nipponicum is a
compact, vigorous-growing undershrub, s flower-heads much
like those of C. Leucanthemum. The Key v plant was procured
from Messrs. Damman and Co., of Naples. /ris Delavayı, from
Yunnan, is closely allied to J. sibirica. It was obtained at Kew
from seeds communicated by M. Micheli, of the Cháteau du Crest,
near Geneva, who described the species.

Botanical Magazine for July.—The drawing of the handsome
Yucca Whipplei, a native of the Rocky Mountains of California,
omas

spher ocephala, from Central er is an interestin my)

cophilous plant. It is remarkable for its extrafloral nectaries, and
for bearing, on the tips of the leaflets, small yellow bodies which
are consumed by the ants, the latter inhabiting the large, horn-like
stipules. Masdevallia ees though a somewhat insignificant
plant, is noteworthy on accou t of its being the only known
ies ing a sensitive lip. This springs u upwards when
touched by an insect, which is entrapped fora time between the
lip and the column. The flowers are yellow streaked with

135

purple. Crassula pyramidalis is an exceedingly curious species
from the Cape. The Kew plant has a quadrangular stem about
3 inches ees and quite d by v PET mei small, white
flowers. osa xanthina a nat of Central Asia and
Afghanistan. In Afghanistan it was oaea ve the late Dr.
Aitchison, growing in abundance in the Kuram Valley; but,
curiously, it has been recorded from no other locality.

Hooker's Icones Plantarum.—The seventh volume of the fourth
series (part I., June, 1899), begins with a number of interesting
grasses from "South Africa and the highlands of British New
Guinea. Guilianettia (plate ee is a new genus of Orchides
from the latter country, related to Ceratostylis. Another
interesting orchid is u: abim, both sexes of which
are represented in the e plant. Moquilea Platı iden Hemsl.,

n pia, andre, Hermit (plates 2618 to 9691), produce
edible fruits, and are mative, or cultivated, in the West Indies and
Central America. They both belong to the Chrysobalanee. Th
part of the Jcones xd contains a number of novelties from
Western China, including Passiflora Henry, Shortia sinensis,
and Lespedeza diversifolia, three noteworthy plants.

Lonicera hildebrandiana.—The first flowering in Europe of this
fine species at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, was recorded
in the Kew Bulletin for last year roe 317). It bed e flowered
early in June last in the South Wing of the Tem e House at

Kew, and more dani in the Royal Botanic Tie pac Tultapntgh.

A gigantic annual.—The growth of many herbaceous plants
from seed in a single season is often, as in the Owurbitacee,
enormous. Butin development of stem and branches there is
probably no parallel to the case described in the following letter.
Acnida australis belongs to a small genus of Amarantaces con-

ned to North America and Trinidad.

Mr. C. H. BAKER TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

Grasmere, P.O., Orange Co.
DEAR SIR, Flo rida, U. SA, November 2, 1897.
THE writer begs leave to ee an respecting a matter that

he trusts will not prove uninteres

He resides in the peninsular E of the State of Florida,
some 20 miles south of the 29th parallel of north latitude, and in
the immediate neighbourhood of Lake Opopka, which is thir

area of Flos 8 lakes, and which variously affects a eouniderable
extent of co

Amongst the. plants of the district above specified is Acnida
australis, Gray, which is, of course, known botanically, appearing

ie "x characterized in the * Flora of the Southern States,” by

136

Dr. A. W. Chapman, second edition. It is, however, not yet

really familiar, has attracted no special attention, and apparently

no oe has "been taken of the size and development it here
attain

On n 30th October the ume visited a station where it is both
abundant and accessible, and measur ted three individuals, of which
he here offers the re viz

1. Staminate. eee at collar 3 ft. 14 in.—Total
height 22 ft. 0 in

2. Pistillate. Circumference at collar i ft. 8 in.—Total
height 17 ft. 3 in.

3. might dd en at collar 2 ft. 14 in.—Total

The above i earra were selected on account of their size, but
they are not of m m height, as the writer observed at least
one plant in their " tiotghbonrhood which considerably exceeded
them but which it was not practicable to measure on account o
treacherous footing. He is, moreover, well satisfied that greater

b ir

o ;
the collar, and certainly 18 to 20 in. in diameter at the collar
itself. Besides, he has himself measured a dry and en stem
of a previous season’s growth that was 21 ft. 10 in. in height.
He is, therefore, quite satisfied that this plant dm the height

of 25 ft. in this neighbourhood, while, since it is found further
south, it may grow still taller. “ Thirty feet high and as big as a
barrel " is a phrase he has heard used in characterizing it, from
which some discount must probably be allowed. e average of
the multitude of plants in sight must be between 12 and 15 ft.
and the extent of their branches from 4 ft. in the case of slender
specimens, to 10 ft. or more for the larger ones.

The site occupied by the Acnidas is a considerable ee
amongst sandy and timbered hills, sinuous in plan and c
cating with, really forming a part of, the basin of Lake KpOpER,
the water-level of which within a few years was continuous on it.
The water has now receded owing to lack of rainfall and to the
partial reclamation of the marsh-lands adjacent to the lake leaving
the depression in a boggy condition, filled as it is with the débris

f the former aquatic growth, which consisted of Pontederia,
Sagittaria, Nuphar, Cladium, &c. augmented considerably by
that of Acnida itself, forming a muck, or vegetable mud, of a
spongy conaistenes from 3 ft. in depth downward.

In this soil the Acnida seems to meet with its most favourable
conditions, its central or tap root tapering abruptly and usually
bending into a right angle about a foot below the surface, while
its lateral roots radiate from the collar and make their way down-
wards at a slight angle to a distance of 3 ft. or more, their function
being to some extent that of affording anchorage. The base o
the trunk is dilated to four or five times its average thickness into
which it tapers some 2 or 3 ft. above the base. en trunk itself
is columnar, and hollow from the base upwards to the apical
growth, strongly thickened within and without ak distinct nodes
from which the branches grow.

137

In the measured dry stem, or nt already mentioned, a
woodpecker had chiselled a hole 13 in. eme ad at a height of
8 ft. 9 in. from the ground in order hake

The trunks are usually quite Hrag "Vut and Sonst drekly out
of the vertical. The pistillate plants appear to be the more
robust, their lower limbs or branches sustain the weight of a
heavy : man climbing up into them. Their bases, and the pd of
their limbs, are dark crimson in colour; the leaves in spring a
summer are abundant, shining, and of a rich green, So ten demens
the plant is rather coarse it has much the same effect, in the case
of a well-grown individual, as a umm of the smaller ee

The Aecnida makes most of its growth from May to August,
ripening its fruit variously in egg and October, Eos
writer has pleasure in forwarding with this communication some
fruiting shoots of the largest specimen, exhibiting its Bee and
seeds, of which, in consideration of s — interest as they may
possess, he begs your EE for KS»

Early last spring he sowed seeds of various Amaranths with
Solourod foliage Mino voting plants of Acnida, hoping thus

probably sig aay rs in the new edition of his Flora. There ar
most likely two species attaining unusual size, the other adem
interrupted flower-spikes, while in the case of that particularly
noted they are very close or cylindrica cal.
The writer is interested in inquiring as to some of the annuals

u be greatly obliged for whatever information may
any suitable or convenient opportunity, imparted on the sr
eis, 3 course, familiar with our taller American annuals an
with those of similar character already introduced into cultivation
elsewhere ; and asking your indulgence for the length of this
remains,
Your obedient servant,
igned) CHARLES HENRY BAKER.

W. T. Thiselton-Dyer, om 5
Royal Gardens, Kew

In order to test these statements some of the seed was sown in
heat at Kew, in February, 1898. The plants raised were put out
in ordinary garden soil in the open air in June. In October the
miu plant had attained the following dimensions :—Height,
10 ft. ; diameter of stem . ee 7 in.; branches near base, 5 ft.
lois. yi in. diameter ; lea ncluding petiole, me in. long, 3 in.
M dt > A slight frost then killed. all the eve and the ends of the

ran

Uganda Clover.—Mr. aa speed ae e, F.L. es Curator of the
Botanic Station, Uganda, has se o Kew a supply of seed of
a clover which Mr. Scott Elliot Tokod tein at Kikuya, at
5-6,000 ft. It was originally discovered by Sir Harry Johnston

3435 D

138

on Kilima N'jaro, at 10,000 ft., in 1885, and was described E
Prof. Oliver (Trans. Linn. Soc. Bot., 2nd ser., vol. ii., p. 331) as
ee de ia Johnstoni. lt is a near ally of the widely d

S giai ar a which it closely resembles. Mr. Whyte wrote:—

her refoil of clover growing in the marvellously fa attoniti
vits of "Kiküyk: A splendid plant to introduce into hill
pastures of other tropical countries.” Seeds have been distributed
for trial in the Colonies and elsewhere.

Penguins.—Mr. Albert Linney, the Head Gardener at Govern-
ment House in the Falkland Islands, who was za in the
employ of Kew, has, on recently returning home on leave,
brought with him three Penguins d the collection of aquatic
birds in the Royal Botanic Gardens. Tw e specimens of
Aptenodytes papua and the third, the aller hase dead), is
Spheniscus magellanicus.

Use of Orchid-bark for Ornament.—In — s et otes on Mie
in the Jungle" (Orchid Review, 1893, 82), the late
Major-General E. S. Berkeley described pce use € the e fibre ^ of
Dendrobium secundum for making the string or “connector”
with which the aborigines of N. Andaman attaeh the, head to the
shaft of their arrows. The employment of orchids for any useful
purpose is rare, and the present seemed so exceptional that
application was made to Mr. E. H. Man, C.S.I., Deputy Superin-
tendent of the [Tu eei for specimens illustrating it for the

ew Museum.

Mr. Man very kindly forwarded to Kew an interesting letter
(dated December 6, 1893), from Mr. M. V. Portman, Officer-in-
Charge of the Andamanese, which corrected General Berkeley's
account in many particulars :---

he connector attaching the head to the shaft of the ‘ Bla,’
uie arrow used for shooting pig, is made of the fibre of Anoden-
dron paniculatum (* Yölba’), and Dihi bark is never used in
its manufacture

“Orchid bark (Rá) is, however, worked into the Yólba fibre
binding the heads of the fish arrow (Táulbod), and also in the
head of the Ela, but as an ornament only, owing to its bright
yellow colour. It i is prepared as follows The orchid is roasted
over embers, until the bark becomes of a straw colour, and the

k is then stripped off by a shell-knife. It is very brittle,
owing to the baking it has received, has no toughness at any
time, and is absolutely valueless — ally."

Mr. Man has been good enough to send to "Kev an interesting
series of objects consisting of catering alex a waist-belt, an
head ornament, made of shells fastened to a coarse cord which is
covered with the bright yellow skin or bark exactly corr espond-
pu Pt that which covers the pseudobulbs of Dinti obium

E a farther letter, dated June 18, 1894, Mr. M. V. Porras
says :—“ The Ongés of the Lit ttle Andaman "Island make more use.
of the bark than the aborigines of the Great reer “their

139

ornaments being composed of it . The people of the
western tribe of Torres Straits, who ‘in their customs greatly
resemble the Andamanese, make a similar use of o decis bark ;

“Serene are p in the British Museum. (See a paper by
Professor A. C. Had the Journal of the ee ee
an, November 96. 1889, pp. 385, 386)."

New Products from the Upper Congo—Through the kindness
of M. Emile Laurent, Professor of Botany at the State eue of
Agriculture, Gembloux, en the Kew Museum has received
an interesting series of s mples of caoutchoue obtained ‘tro
species of Landolphia ictus in the Belgian possessions on the
Upper Congo. Several of the forms in which they are propasel
are such as are not seen in English commerce, and one sample,
prepared in block form is of remarkably fine uality, being
singularly free from impurities, and equalling in appearance fine
Para rubber

In a note accompanying the samples Professor Laurent says
that the juice of Costus lucanasianus is used to coagulate the
rubber. Accompanying these specimens is also a section of a
stem of a new iion yielding tree with the resin in situ, together
with some separate lumps. In appearance this resin comes
nearest to that of Inhambane copal from Copaifera gorskiana,
Benth., samples E bind were received and reported upon by
Messrs. R. Ingham, Clark & Co., in 1888 (Kew Bulletin, 1888,
pp. 281-83). It "y has some resemblance to Ogea gum, the
produce of a tree of the Gold Coast, and supposed to be a species
of Daniellia

The Meer yielding this newly discovered copal from the Congo
has been named Trachylobium dewevrianum.

A sample of this new copal has been submitted to Messrs
Ingham, Clark & Co., who report upon it, under date August 10th,
1897, as follows :—

“We have had the ur of u enis at the works. In
appearance it resembles Accra, but we think it a very recent gum.
It has a melting point of "about 300°- 330°, ignites very freely
under heat, and is extremely ‘stringy’ when melting, which is
not a good point, and in this respect it resembles soft Manila.

“ We attribute it, however, to the sample being, as we say, o
recent exudation, and probably much older and harder qualities
can be found below the surface of the groun

“The commercial value would be about £40 per ton. It is,
however, impossible to judge the value of a ‘find’ of this kind
without having a considerable bulk sample.’

Hibiscus lunariifolius.— In a toe to the Secretary d State,
dated Feb. 25, 1899, Mr. Low, the Acting Governor of the Gold
re stated that the Onde of the Botanic Station was “ tesi ng

e specimens of a fibre which he has procured from a long
twig-like tree by soaking the twigs in water and then removing
the outer covering.” He added :—“ He will prepare and take

140

to England samples of this fibre. The tree grows about two days
journey from Aburi.” The plant yielding the tibre has been
identified as Hibiscus uae 'folius. Kew is indebted to Messrs.
Ide and Christie — the following report upon the commercial
value of the fibre

MESSRS. IDE AND CHRISTIE TO ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.
72, Mark Lane, London, E.C.

DEAR SIR,
Your favour of the 16th and mp del to hand.
Hibiscus lunariifolius.—This is a -lute, good colour, and hard,

similar to that received from China ; will sell freely at £12 to
£13 per ton.
Yours faithfully
(Signed) IDE & CHRISTIE.

| SPORES OF TILLETIA.

E Weller & Grahams L= Litho Londen, 72.7 59 —

Los

ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

BULLETIN

MISCELLANEOUS |. INFORMATION.

Nos. 153-154.] SEPTEMBER and OCTOBER. (1899,

DCLVI—A REVISION OF THE GENUS TILLETIA.
(With Plate.)
GEO. MASSEE.

All species included in the genus, as at present defined, are
ne en obligate parasites, and out of a total of twenty-six

species, all are parasitic on plants belonging to the Graminese, with
the siii on = re pam Rostr., and T. Sphagni, Nawas-
chin. The for of thes s parasitic on Carex festiva, Dewey,

and the latter di the Notice d of Sphagnum squarrosum, Pers.
The infested pg croton are somewhat dwarfed, and form ed what

ere known rosporangia by bryologists, while the Ares
spores they retirees were called microspore

In the Uredinez what vat be termed biological species have
been proved to exist; that is to say, of a species one or more forms
not mortipfogiédibe u may exist, that are distinguishable
only by the fact that they are confined to one particular host-plant.

Professor Eriksson, our best authority on grain-rusts, has the
following remarks* on this phase of the subject :—“ Between
certain of these forms which constitute a species, for instance, "as
three forms of black rust—Puccinia graminis, Pers,—we hav
not succeeded in discovering, even with the aid of a iaisraicapis

c ch as

However there is a difference 3 betw ween them with regard to thei

nner hog in that «d of no little raona interak The difference
sped S in that every form is almost exclusively confined to its
part Fioulat cereal, ud that consequently it is able to infect no
cereal but that one."

* Eriksson in Bot, Gaz. xxv. (1898), p. 29,
3790—1375—10/99 Wt92 D&S 29

142

In the genus Tilletia the signed of such idis are has
not been demonstrated, but the species enumerated the
following pages are founded on füctbholdgici “pape

nation of a large amount of material has led to the con-
clusion that the host-plant is absolutely worthless as a factor in
the discrimination of morphologically defined species. For this
reason the es as here understood, do not a o those
of many previous workers, where the host was an important, and

. not tifreqtiently the only feature relied uis for E Aiari
between ee distinct but allied

th regard to geographical distribution, the genus is very
widely distr. whereas the species are restricted in their
range, each being confine d to a portion of one Continent, with the
exception of those species that are parasitic on cultivated
cereals, the explanation of which is obvious. Of these Tilletia
Caries occurs in Europe, Africa, Australia, United States, South
America; T. levis in Europe, Australia, United States ; 7. Hordei
in Europe, Asia, Africa.

The following table shows the distribution of the species :—

Europe, 13 species.—/evis, de Baryana, ice Lolii,
controversa, separata, Caries, Rauwenho Hordei,
endoph ylla, Seslerie, Berk eleyi, Sphagni, (Fise heri ?).

ia, 2 species.—controversa, Hordei, ( Vulpie ?).

Africa, 2 species. —Verrucosa, ; Cries, Hordei,

Mauritius, 1 species.—4 yv:

Australia, 4 species. levis, aed. epiphylla, Caries.

United States, 9 speci —levis, rotundata, miata, rugis-

pora, cerebri ina, p and Caries, Elymi, fusca.

Antilles, 1 species. —magnus

South America, 3 species. d Be ‘a, Caries, zonata.

TILLETIA, Tulasne in Ann. Sci. Nat, ser. 3, vol. vii, p. 112
(1847) ; Sace., Syll. vii. (1888), p. 481.

Endophytie Mee parasites. Spore-mass pulyerulent, black
or blackish-olive at maturity, often foetid, especially when
moistened. Siporés 8 free, produced singly at the tips of somewhat
gelatinous, swollen, fertile hyphe, at first covered by the epidermis
of the host, forming a blackish powdery mass at maturity. On
germination, the spore gives origin toa promycelium, which bears
a terminal whorl of slender, elongated secondary-spores at its apex.
Secondary-spores usually conjugating in pairs, and on germination
producing slender, elongated conidia.— Ustilago, Link, in Berl.
Mag. der Gesellsch. der Nat. Freunde, iii. (1809) ; Lév., in Ann.
Sci. Nat., sér. 2, xi. (1839), 116.

Tulasne separated the species included under Pilletia, from the

heterogeneous assemblage of species er included under
Ustilago, Uredo, Erysibe, &c., of old authors, taking as his

rincipal generic character, the peculiar ‘ines of germination and

production of secondary-spores as observed in Tilletia Caries
(7. Tritiei, Winter).

'The principal distinctive features of Tilletia, as defined by
systematist are poto adem free (not rn in groups), E ins

143

a dry pulverulent mass at maturity, and pieducidg on germination
whorl or cluster of secondary-spores at the apex of the
BFUTYGe elium

Entyloma agrees in the free spores, and in the mode of pro-
duction of the secondary-spores, hut differs in the spore-mass not
being pulverulent at maturity.

Urocystis agrees with Tilletia in the spore-mass being dry and
pulverulent when mature, also in the method of cpm and
formation of secondary-spores, but differs in the spores being
produced in groups, the central ones of the group being fertile,
the peripheral ones sterile.

The mode of spore-germination is up to the present unknown

the genus depending on the two remaining features nig
above—spores free, forming a palton. mass at maturity ; now
these characters are also common to the eins U: nne di and "the
means of distinguishing between the two genera in the absence
of evidence afforded 5 germination, and absence of knowledge

as to the origin of the pores, turns o n the relatively much larger
spores in 7'/letia, mises (with one ieccptiehs T. levis) have the
Ee reticulated or w

Neovossia was originally separated from Tilletia on some slight
deren nce in the structure of the epispore. It has recently been
studied by Brefeld, and although the spore-structure does not
indicate a generic distinction, this author retains the genus as

valid; the ‘distinction from Tilletia advanced being a negative
character—the secondary spores are produced in a tuft at the apex

of the ee ae as in Tilletia, but do not conjugate in pairs
as in the las med genus. co attitude is somewhat surprising,
dirir ‘that Brefeld does not admit of any sexual signifi-
cance ina junction by a CHEM band of adjoining pairs of
seco ee

Key to the species,
es A. Epispore smooth fig d scl, Z levis,

Serien B. Epispore warted or echinulate,
ied produced in the ovar

20-25 u; epispore with acute pyramidal warts ... 2. T, verrucosa.
Spores 20-25 "i wp uem aee with minute
warts Vie i^ 3. T. rotundata.
Spore a € "n "3 ni : p 16-18, "i :
epispore very spiet warted .. 4. T, mizta,
Spores pada nE d under the microscope, 13-16 hi - »
epispore very m y war 5. T, Ayresii.
Spores yellow Droit un ie the microscope, 12-15 r; j :
pispore densely and minutel dea ec T. magnusiana

ing up i" the epispore, interstices paler . 7. T, rugispora,
Spores produ lm
Spores 10-18 a re covered with minute, dark, fl
pped wa rts formed Lt the breaking u p of the epis
pore, 8. Z de Baryana,
Spores Mack bees der ‘the microscope ; $ 'epispore
minutely papillose 9, T. arctica,

Spores 35-38 p; — with scattered exceedingly
minute warts . 10. 7, epiphylla.

3790 A2

144

Series C. Epispore reticulated.
Spores produced in the ovary.
Spores sub - hy Dia or very pale brown under the

ppa x 3i "i almost ver convi we vele with sub-
c ribs united by transverse bar ll. 7. hyalospora,
Spore E Is pallid; = with a ih: small-
eshed netw: . 12. 7. Lolii.
potet 18-25 p, pale brown ; epispore with a shallow,

E

large-meshed network... . 18. T.eontroversa, :
Spores dark brown aidat ‘the microsco :

more or les: med of coalesced 8.
Spores 23-28 u; epispore with ridges forming a 2
en "but Sect: g many free ends. 14. 7. cerebrina. :
Spores 16-21 p ; ridges of the epispore poer the

reticulation N formed of confluent warts 1
spin 15. T. bweMoeana, —. —
Reticulation of the epispore formed of plates o or r ridges E

8 i
Spores 20-27 p : network of epispore, large- meshed 16. 7. y their.
Spores 17-22 y ; network of epispore, small-meshed 17. 7. Curie
Spore-mass no tid.
Spores 24-28 y, dark olive- nn: retieulation of f |

c

epispore shallow and sma l-mes shed . 18. 7. Elymi,
=, be in. — g 33 ni dd of epis- i
igh ; es polygonal, lar . 19. 7. inolens, ^.
bees "25-30 in otis mia len ot epis- E ;
pore rather deep, large-meshed .. . 20. T.Rauwenhofü. — —
Spores 16-25 p, dark brown; reticulation of ¢ epispore E
large-meshed, mesh v er irregular in for . 21, T, fused,

ery
Spores oped p; brown; reticulation os epispore
small m . 22, T. Hordei.
Spores 15-18 NL : reticulation of 'epispore

small-m 23. T. zonata.
Spores produced on ‘he I leaves or cu
Spores 18-25 u, b , border re Stt coloured ; reti- E
eulation of ip me small meshed... . 24. T. endophylla.
Spores 25-28 p, dark brown; reticulation of 'epispore
Bre ow and small-meshed 25. T. Sesleri@

5-18 y ; reticulation of epispore very small-meshed 26. 7; Berkeleyi.
Bpitos i eo in the capsules of Sphagnum 27; T. Sphagni.

1. Tilletia levis, Kühn in Rabenh. Fung. —-— (1873), 1697.—
ed eep br :

Spore-mass produced in the ovary, with an olive.
tinge, foetid ; spores globose, angularly Rd P KC,
very variable in form and size, averaging 17-21 a, or 15-26 X

10-15 p, wall about 2, p thick, pale olive-brown or someka ii
almost cream-colour, epispore perfectly pape .—Fischer de Wald.,
Aperçu (1877), 47; Wint. in Rabenh. Krypt. Flora, Pilze, 1.
(1884), 109; Sacc., Syll. vii. (1888), no. 1776. T. fetens, Arthu
ts Bull. Agric. Exper. Stat. ER no. 28 (1889), ex Journ

Myc. v. 165. .Ustilago fetens, Berk. & Curt. in Grevillea, ii
(1874), 59. ;
Host. giier vulgare, Linn.

HAB.—England, France, ee Italy, Austria, Hungary,
Russia, United States, Victori

Ersicc.—Rabenh. Fungi wie 1697; Roum. Fung. Sel. EXS.,
5217; Sace. Myc. Ven., 373; Ellis, N. "Amer. Fungi, 1 ; Rav
Fung. Carol., 100; Thümen, Myc. Univ., 1115; Flor. Exs. Austro-
Hung. 352 (nixed with 7. Caries); Thümen, Fung. Austr. a

145

The specimen in Rabenh. Fung. Eur., 1607, communicated by
Kiihn, and also Berkeley’s type, examined

Fig. 19, spore of 7. levis.

2. Tilletia verrucosa, Cooke & necs in Grevillea xvii.
Ma 16.—Spores-mass occupying the ovary, pale a en.

pores globose or € lobose, pale ye Siow brown, 20-25 a diam.,
Sees with larg , acute, pyramidal warts about 3 5 high.
— Saec. Syll. ix. (1891), no. 1177.

Hosts.—Panicum coloratum, Linn.: Ehrharta calycina, Sm.

HAB.—Africa. Mozambique Distr., Portuguese East Africa,
rider “Zambesi, between Lupata and 3 e, Kin 'k. Cape Colony,
in ovary of Ehrharta in herb. Thunber.

Readily distinguished amongst us ce warted spores by
the pale yellowish brown or amber colour of the spores, and the
large, pointed, pyramidal warts on the epispore. Type in herb.
Kew.

Fig. 22, spore of T. verrucosa.

3. Tilletia rotundata, M«ssee.—Spore-mass occupying "e ovary,
dark brown; spores globose or angularly globose, 20-25 iam.,
El He translucent, wall thick, epispore densely covered

with m te warts — Ustilago rotundata, Arthur in Bull. Iowa
Agric. "Coll. 1884, 1

Host.—Panicum virgatum, Linn.

HAB.—United States ; Connecticut, South Manchester.
Exrsicc.—Ellis & Everh., N. Amer. Fung., ser. 2, 1894.

pe id dieser v e by germination, it is impossible

to ith e the generie position of this species;
morpliolopidally de. eu "characters indicate Tilletia

4. pec mixta, Massee.—Spore-mass blackish brown, formed
in the ovary; spores globose, angularly globose; or broa
elliptic, arani g 16-18 » diam., margin about 2 u broad, deep
chestnut brown, ee nulated or very dpt He vod —T. fusca,
Ellis & Everh. in exsiec. not in Journ. Myc. ii

HosT.—Eriochloa annulata, Kunth; Festuca microstachya,
D

Wis — Australia ; pa Per Bennett. United States ;
Idaho, Boise City, Ellis & Everha

E.xsicc.—Ellis & Everh., N. Ane. Fung. ser. 2, 1895.

' Allied to Tilletia de Baryana in spore-structure, but quite
ers gy in the rich chestnut colour of the spore, the much smaller

or granulations on the epispore, and in being produced in

the wary:

Fig. 10, spore of T. mixta.

146
5. Tilletia Arie Berk., MS. in herb. Kew.—Spore-mass buff,
Ae et in the ovary ; spores globose or broadly elliptic, 13-16 p

r 12-13 x 16 p, border 1:5-2 u broad, very pale straw-colour,
diii Govard with very minute warts. 1

HosT.—Panicum maximum, Nees.
HaB.—Mauritius; Hills above Port Louis, Ayres, 4754 in — —
herb. Berköley, 1
Readily recognised by the small, almost colourless, warted
spores. "Type in herb. Kew.

Spore-mass produced in the ovary, blackis h; spores globose,
ovoid, flattened or A get 10-14 p diam., or up to 12 x 16 p,
clear yellow-brown, epispore very Mishusoly granulose or almost
papillose.—Sacc. Syll. vii. (1883), no. 1777.

HosT.—Panicum geniculatum, Willd.

HAB.—Antilles.

Distinguished among species developing in the ovary of the
host by the very finely papillose epispore. Not examined.

6. Tilletia magnusiana, Fischer de Waldh., Aperçu (1887), 47.— |
;
i

7. Tilletia rugispora, Ellis in Journ. Myc. vii. (1893), 275, figs. 8 :
and 9.—Spore-mass formed in the ovary, s Vertiges He spores

ihe e tations poe d he growth of the spore, :
eritis gee —Sacc. Syll. xi. (1 895), no. 1337. E

Hosts.—Paspalum undulatum, Poir.
HAB.—United States, Brazos Co., Texas.
Exsicc.—Ellis & Everh. N. Amer. Fung., 2704.

e ornamentation of the epispore is described by Ellis a5 —
«tiberetilose-PliUaiMko, the reticulations about 1 p high and 15 7 —
broad.

The surface of the epispore is cracked in a tesselated manner,
the top of the warts being dark, and the cracks separating adja-
cent warts paler, presenting, on a surface view the a appearance
“as Mg in fig.8. Authentic specimen from Ellis, and also specimen

n N. Amer. Fungi, 2704, examined.

Fig. 8, surface of spore ; fig. 9, spore of T. rugispora.

8. Tilletia de opus Fischer de Waldh. in. Bull. Soc. Imp. Nat.
Moscou, xl. (1867), 251.—Spore-mass blackish brown, forming
ongated streaks on the leaves of the host plant; spores globose,
fom irregularly globose or broadly elliptic, brown, 10-18 p diams —
border not obvious, epispore densely covered with minute dares
topped warts formed by the breaking up of the opisporo S Fill

147

de Waldh., Aperçu (1877), 48. 7. “A ieformis, Wint. in Rabenh

Krypt. Flora, Pilze, i. (1884), 108. ; Sacc., Syll. vii. (1888), no. 1774.
T^ Milii, Fuckel, Symb. Myc. (1869), 40 ; "Fischer de 5
Aperçu (1877), 48. T. Calamagrostis, Fuckel, Symb. Myc. (1869.
40; Fischer de Wald., Apercu (1877), 49; Sacc., Syll. vii. (1888),
no. 1775. T. serpens, ’ Karsten, Fung. Fenn. (1883), no. 599, with
description. T. aculeata, Ule in Verhandl. bot. Ver. Branden urg,
1884, 213, and in Hedwigia, 1886, 112; Bice, gm vii. (1888),

i i æ.” . «lop

t. Ver 84,

6, 113; gem Syll. v i. (1888), n 0. 1787, under “species minus
T. Briza, Úle in Verhandl. bot. Ver. Brandenburg,
1884, 214, and in Hedwigia, 1886, 113; Sacc., Syll. vii. (1888),
no. 17 86, under * species minus note," Uredo strieformis,
Westend. in a Acad. Belg. 1851, 406. Ustilago Salveti,
Berk. and Broome in Ann. Nat. Hist., ser. 2, v. (1850), 463.
Ustilago panne: A, Duas Crypt. France, sér. i. (1850),
no. 2127.

Hosts.—A variety of grasses. Students of this genus have
Separated the forms chiens by the hosts. There is no real differ-
ence, as faras I am aware ; but for convenience of reference I class
the hosts and forms caper: As T, de Baryana (typical form),
on sum odoratum, Linn., Brachypodium pinnatum,
Beauv., Festuca ovina, Linn., Holcus lanatus, Linn., H. mollis,
fou and Lolium perenne, Lin nn. As T.síriaforinis, on Agi velir
alba, Linn., A. vulgaris, With., Arrhenatherum avenaceum, Beau
Briza media, Linn., Bromus inermis, Leyss., Dactylis glomeı ph
inn, Deyeuzia "haller iana, Vaisey, Festuca elatior, Linn.,

F. ovina, Linn., Holcus lanatus, Linn., H. mollis, Linn., Lolium
perenne, Linn., Mitium effusum, Linn, Phleum pi 'atense, Linn.,
Poa į pratensis, Linn. As U. Salveii, on Dac tylis glomerata, Linn.,
Brachypodium pinnatum, Beauv. and a other grass. As 7. Milii,
on Miliwn effusum, Linn. As T. ORTES, on Agropyron
repens, Beauv., Calamagrostis halleriana, DC. and C. lanceolata,
Roth se pens, on Dactylis glomer ata, Linn. As T. aiit,
on Agropw? ‘on repens, Beauv. As T. alopecurivor ire on erate us
p pi Linn. As 7. Brize, on Briza media, Lin

B.—Europe, except Russia and the Mediterranean region ;
United States.

Exsicc,.—Under name of Ustilago Salveii, Cooke, Fung. Brit.,
57 ; Westend., Herb. Crypt. Belg. 1164, Thümen, Fung. Aust., 840 ;
Desma mp Cry ypt : A Ber. a jt oy tobias cau x

3 ; ung.,
1498. Under T. de Denan Rabih., Poe Eur., 1097, bx
3393; Westend., Crypt. Belg., 677 ; amet Fung. Austr, 1230,

and dpi pepi 1020 ; ae Mye. March., eV > As T. E17 lii,

148

The types of most of these names have been seen. Berkeley’s
as is with his own specimens at Kew. Specimens illustrative -

Desmaziére's, Westendorp's, Fischer de Waldheim's, Fuckel's,
Ule's and Karsten's names authenticated by these writers have
been seen. Sydow’s Myc. March., 2120, if correctly named,
determines T. mb a to be a form of T. de Bar aryana,
Lastly, Ule's very unsatisfactory account of T, Brizæ makes this
appear another form of the same species.

Fig. 6, sori ; fig. 7, spore of T. de Baryana.

9. Tilletia arctica, Rostr. in Bot. Tidssk., 1886, 230.—Spore-mass
forming black, very long, parallel streaks on the leaves and
culms ; spores globose or ovoid, blackish-brown, 13-19 » diam.,
mI very minutely papi illose. —Sace., Syll vii. (1888),

o. 1781.
HosT.—Carer festiva, Dewey.
HAB.—Finland.

Appears to be allied to Tilletia de Baryana : not examined.

ucent ; «a ees with exceedingly minute wa —Sacc., Syll. vii.

(1888), no. 1783.
HosT.—Zea Mays, Linn.
HaB.— Queensland, Bailey, 228.

Berkeley and Broome describe the spores as smooth, but when
carefully examined under a magnification of 400 diameters, the

a ia EE PRA QU Ear = oes x
yea Me dE LX M Ep acram ar E ME cer EE S Vd adu EP aU pe Lr eia nocere No fada dy dada pete X de Ky

minute warts. The gregarious, small, linear pustules resemble a
Puccinia superficially, Type specimen examined.

11. Tilletia avere Massee,—Spore-mass pale wood-colour, |
occupying the ov ary. Spores globose or subglobose, 20-24 p
diam., border 2-25 « wide; surface reticulated ;

usuall ly 3-5 more or less parallel, simple or forked promi
ridges, connected by thinner and lower transverse bars

Host.—Piptochetium sp.
Rear oa Andes, near Sorata, about 11,500 ft. Mandon, |
Characterised by the type of ornamentation of the epispore.
A primary band appears as if wound in an oblique spiral round —

the spore, as in the carpogonium of a Chara, the more or less |
parallel lines formed by this band being connected by tan

149

transverse bars. The e specimen occurred in the ovary of a species
of Piptochaetium in Mandon's Plante Andinz Boliviane. Type
in herb. Kew.

Fig. 1, spore of T. hyalospora.

12. Tilletia e Auersw. in Klotzsch, Herb. Myo (1854), 1999.
—Spore-mass formed in the ovary, pale dull brown, foetid ; OS n
globose or E A broadly elliptic, pallid, sso 20-2
diam., border 2:5-3 , wide ; epispore furnished with thin ridges
combined to form a shallow, small-meshed retieulation ; mesh
avenging about 2 » diam.—Fischer de Waldh., Apergu (1871), 50 ;
Wint. Rabenh., Krypt. Flora, Pilze, i . (1884), 109 ; Sace.,
Syll. vii. ? 1888), no. 1764.

Hosts.—Lolium perenne, Linn. ; Lolium temulentum, Linn.
HAB.—Germany. ,
Exsice.—Klotzsch-Rabenh., Herb. Myc., 1999.

Distinguished by the pale colour of the — and the
pale ochraceous or almost colourless spores when viewed by
transmitted light, the thin ridges, and sane shallow network.
Specimen from quoted exsiccata examined.

Fig. 21, spore of T. Lolii.

13. Tilletia conire reri, Kühn in Rabenh. Fung. Eur. (1874),
no. 1896, with description. Spore-mass blackish, produced in the
ovary, foetid ; spores almost itoak globose, pale ike 18-35
diam., margin > p wide, not paler, epispore furnished with
ridges anastomosing a form a rather large-meshed network, mesh
averaging 3-3°5 » diam. Mycelium perennial in the rhizome of
the host-plant.—Fischer de Wald., Apercu (1877), 49; Wint. in
a , Krypt. Flora, Pilze, i. (1884), 110 ; Saec., Syll. vii. (1888),
1765. 7. calospora, Passerini in Grevillea, v. (1876), 47
Fischer de Waldh., Apercu (1877), 48; Wint. in Rabenh
Flora, Pilze, i. ( 1884) 110; Sacc., Syll. vii. (1888), no. 1767.

Hosts.—Agropyron repens, Beauv.; Agropyron glaucum,
Roem. & Schult.; Alopecurus agrestis, Linn. ; Elymus —
Regel,

HAB.— Italy, Germany, Austria, Turkestan.

Ersicc.—Rabenh., Fung. Eur., 1896; Roum., Fang. Sel.
4624; Flor. Exs. A ustro-Hung., 351; Kunze, Fung. Sel., 210.
Th ümen, Mye. Univ., 1217 ; Rabenh., Fung. Eur., 2492 ; Roum. a
Fung. Gall. 1699.

Differs from Bosse graa ylla and from 7' Caries, in the
ag reticulatio T. Rar —— differs, on the other hand,
from the ME po ecies in the much larger Ripe and
in the pet and almost anyets order of the s

150

The specimen of T. controver sa in Rabenh., Fung. Eur., 1896, is
authentic material and was communicated by Kühn. Ana uthentic
specimen of T. ee Passer., from the author also examined.

Fig. 18, spore of T. controversa.

14. Tilletia cerebrina, Ellis «nd Everh. in Journ. Myc. iii. cum
6.—Spore-mass formed in the ovary, dark brown or black
spores globose or sub-globose 23-28 » and up to 30 p long Ln
oe an ier brown, border about 2:5 p thick, paler; epi-
mented with thickish ridges which are more or less
x pede ry branched, the branches not unfrequently combining
here and there to form an irregular Be but free ends of
the ridges are usually present in considera numbers ; mesh
varying from 2-5 „ diam.—Sacc., Syll. vii. (1888), no. 1768.

Host.—Deschampsia cespitosa, Beauv.
HaB.—United States; Rocky Mountain region.

Characterised by the bands on the epispore being irregularly
branched and as a rule having numerous free ends, although in
some spores the reticulation is fairly uniform and free ends rare
or absent. Authentic specimen from Ellis examined.

Fig. 12, spore of T. cerebrina.

15. Tilletia buchloeana, Keller & Swingle in Journ. Myc. v.
(1889), 11.—Spore-mass formed in the ovary, dirty brown ; spores
globose or very slightly oval, 16:5-18 x 20-21 y, brownish ;
epispore marked with scattered regular spines or faint reticula-
tions (formed by ale of the spines :5-1:5 p high, covered
by the outer hyaline layer, which is 1:5-4 p thick. iion Syll. ix.
(1891), no. 1178.

Host.—Buchloe dactyloides, Engelm.
HAB.—United States ; Kansas.

The fungus is borne on the male plants. In its presence often
all or nearly all the staminate spikelets produce the ovaries, all
of which are infested. The few female plants collected in the —
same localities were free from the fungus (Keller & Swingle).
Judging from the figures the spores are reticulated at maturity.
Not examined. 3

16. Tilletia separata, Kunze, in Josh. Kunze, Fung. Select. Eas. :
(1874), 29.—Spore-mass formed in the ovary, blackish brown, —
foetid ; spores oe ih, parre = angularly globose, or broadly _
elliptic, clear brown, 20--27 p diam., border a boot 3 p wide, not 4
appreciably sales | ; epispore ioa raised eta anastomosing io |
form an irregular, small-meshed network, mesh a veraging 15-250 —
diameter.—Wint. in Rabenh., m t -Flora, Pilze i. (1884), 11153
Sacc., Syll. vii. (1888), no, 1760. T. decipiens, Wint. in Rabenh.,

151

Krypt. Flora, Pilze i. (1884), 1 Sacc., Syll. vii. (1888), no.
1762. T. Secalis, Kühn in Fischer de Wa ldh., ar. (1877),
50 ; Wint. in Raben h., Krypt. Flora, Pilze i. (188 4), 110 ; Sacc.,
Syll vii. (1888), no. 1763. Erysibe en a Agr ostidis,
Wallr., Flora Germ. Crypt. iv. (1833), 2 Uredo decipiens a,
see in Wetterau Gesell. Ann. ii. si, Lb ey Seals
Corda in Hlubek, (Econom. Neuigk, EU Rs t.

segetum var. decipiens, Pers., Syn. Fung. (1801), 225. Urodo (Usi
lago) spherococca, Rabenh., Krypt. Fiore Pilze ii. (1846), 2

Hosts.—Secale cereale, Linn.; Apera Spica-venti, Bea
Agrostis alba, Linn. ; Agr ostis vulgaris, With. (Agrostis Bene
Linn., is a form of A. vulgaris dwarfed by the Tilletia).

HAB.— Britain, France, Germany, Switzerland, Russia.

Exsicc.—Rabenh Jao Eur., 2191; Zopf & Sydow, Myc.
March. 19; Flor. Gall. et Germ. Exs , 186 ; Roum., Fung. Sel.
Exs. 5,706 ; Josh. Riso. jme Sel. Exs. j 29.

Distinguished from Tilletia Caries by the wider border of the
spore and the smaller reticulations. The spores of Tilletia endo-
phylla resemble those of T. separ sera As first named, however,
differs in forming the spore-mass the leaves and not the
ovary ost. Examination ot nalen] in the exsiccata
quoted above has been made.

Figs. 17 and 20, spores of 7'. separata, in one case germinating.

17. Tilletia Caries, Tul. in Ann. Sei. Nat., vis: 3, vii. (1847),
113, t. 5, figs. sige spine indi produced in the ovary, Fe
with an olive sheen, foetid ; spores globose, brown, 17-22 p diam.,
border i 5 p, not ‘paler ; ; epispore furnished wi ith his anasto-
mosing to form a rather large-meshed network; mesh often
variable in size and form, averaging about 3-3°5 u.—Fischer de
Waldh., Aperçu (1877), 49. T. Tritici, Wint. in Rabenh.,
Krypt. Flora, Pilze, i. (1884), 110; Sacc., Syll, vii. (1888), no.
1760. Lycoperdon Tritiei, Bjerk. in Act. Suec., 1775, 326; Uredo
Caries, DC., Fl. France, vi. (1815), 78. Ur ng Ba Ditm. in
pum Deutchl. Flora, Abt. 3, pt. 1 (1817), 6

STS. — Triticum ere tinh Vill; Triticum Spelta, Linn.;
Triticum monococcum, Lin

HAB.—Britain, France, Germany, Austria, Italy, Belgium,
Switzerland, Russia, Finland, Algeria, Queensland, Victoria,
United States, Chile.

Exsice.—Rabenh. Fung. Eur., sae. Cooke, Brit. Fungi, 53 ;
Cooke, Fung. Brit., e ed. 2, 429; "Briosi e Cavara, Fung. Parasit.,

Thümen, fan. Austr. 303; "AE Leiner u. Sitzenb.,

pt.
-Badens, 401 ; Sace., yc. en. 1153 (mixed with Tilletia levis
Kühn); ; Holl, Schmidt und Kunze, Deutschl. Schwamme, 190,

152

Remarkable for the narrow coloured border of the i
Somewhat resembling in spore-characters Tilletia endopiit

he spores of the latter are, however, larger, darker in colour,
with a wider border, and altogether larger in size; moreover, Ti
endophy ylla forms Sie blackish streaks on leaves, and is not
produced in the o

Fig. 13, T. Caries in an ear of wheat; fig. 14, spore; fig. 15,
two sporidia after conjugation.

18. Tilletia Elymi, Diete! and Holway in Bot. Gaz., sx (1894),
205.— Spore-masses black, u ing the ovaries ; spores globose,
dark oltre brown, "24-98 p meter. Epispore WO with
ge a high and Jon P p apart.—Saec. Syll. xi. (1895),

Host. —Elymus sp.

HAB.—United States; Skamania co. Washington State, W. N.
Suksdorf.

Appears to be iuge allied to Tilletia controversa, Kühn,
which has also been recorded as occurring in the ovary of a
species of Elymus. Not examined.

9. Tilletia inolens, McAlpine n Agric. Gaz. of N. S. Wales.
vii. tage) 154, figs. 30-33.—Produced in inflorescence and o
upper leaves, black, powdery, without smell. Mycelium septate,
hyaline, 4-5 p thick. Spores globose, dark brown, 28-36 p diam.,
average 33 p; ridges of epispore 4 „ high, yellowish brown ;
meshes polygonal, about 4-5 p diameter.

HosT.—Deyeuxia Forsteri, Kunth.
HAB.—Victoria, Ardmona.

Not examined. Appears to be most closely allied to 7. Rau-
wenhoffii, Fischer de Waldh.

20. Tilletia Rauwenhoffii, Fischer de Waldh., Aperçu (1877), 50.—
Spore-mass produced in the ovary, ek ish ; spores almost con-
stantly globose, olive-brown, 25-30 u d ; Bonar almost colour-
less, 3-4 » wide; epispore ee ith prominent ribs
anastomosing es form a network of large bionda hexagonal
reticulations ; mesh averaging 3°5-4 » diameter.—Sacc., Syll. vii.
(1888), n o. 1769. Pol eem Holei, Westend. in Bull. Acad. Belg.,
ser. 2, xi. (1889) 66 660, fig.

Hosts.—Holeus lanatus, Linn., Holeus mollis, Linn.
HAB.—Belgium, England, Ireland. d

Exsicc.—Rabenh.-Wint., Fung. Eur., 3104; Roum., Fung. Gall, —

' Readil distinguished by the very large size of the network
on the — ur ub: 4-6 areole being present on a

153

hemisphere ; also by the very wide, almost colourless, border.
a specimens from Westendorp and Fischer de Waldheim
exam ‘

a r spore of T. Rauwenhoffii ; fig. 5, the fungus on Holcus
mollis.

21. Tilletia fusca, Ellis & Everh. in Journ. Mye. iii. (1887),
.—Spore-mass occupying the e dark olive-brown ; spores
globose or sub-globose, 16-25 p diam., brown border about 2 u
broad, paler; the epispore en A? raised iocus anasto-

mising to form an irregula ar networ esh a g du
diameter.—Sacc., Syll. vii. (1888), no. 171. "T. ates "folia, Ellis
and Everh. in Journ. Myc. iii. (1887), 55 ; Sace., Syll. vii. (1

no. 1772. T. montana, Ellis and Everh. in Journ. Myc. iii, (1887),
55 ; Sace. Syll. vii. (1888), no. 1773.

Hosts.—Festuca microstachya, Desv. (?) : eee asperi-
folius, Nees and Meyen ; Sporobolus Vixit Vase

HAB.—United States, Rocky Mountain region.

Allied to Tilletia Caries, but distinguished by the spore-mass
not being foetid, the larger spores, larger and more irregular
reticulations, and border paler than the remainder of the spore.
Specimens illustrating the species and its two synonyms enumer-

d above were received from is. The specimen from the
author called 7. fusca, agrees exactly with the original description

of this species in Journ. Myc. iii. (1887), 55. On the other hand,
further material «— A the name of Tilletia pee (Ellis
and Everh., N. Amer. Fung. ser. 2, 1895, in ovary of Festuca
microstachya, from Boise City, Idaho) does not at all agree with
iagnosis of the species as quoted above, but has the epispore
dene and minutely warted, and is identical with Tilletia mixta,

The priority of the specific m. fusca turns on this name
standing first in order on the same page where montana and
asperi ifolia are also described.

Fig. 11, spore of T. fusca.

92. Tilletia Hordei, Korn. in Hedwigia, 1877, 30. Spore-mass
formed in the s blackish-brown ; spores globose or broadly
elliptic, brown 19:5-20:5 p diam., or 19 x 21 a. border about
: 5 a thick, epispore covere fed with a me: meshed network ; mesh

averaging 2p diameter.—Sace. Syll. (1888), no. 1770, 1.
Trabuti, Jueves 1 in Bull. Soc. Mye. Patios ix. (1893), 50

Hosts.—Hordeum fragile, Boiss. ; Hordeum murinum, Linn.

HAB.—Turkey, Assyria, Algeria,

Closely resembling Tilletia Caries in spore-structure ; the
border is a little wider in the present species. Specimen from
Algiers examined.

Fig. 24, spore of T, Hordei,

154

ne Tilletia zonata, Brefeld, Unters. Mykol. xii. (1895), 161, t.

, figs —Spor np — in the tlower-bud, blackish ;
PNE globose, 15-18 » diam., with a thin external gelatinous
layer; epispore brom, rari with slightly raised ridges
anastomosing to form a network.— Hedwigia, Beibl. (Elench.
Fung. nov.), , 1896, ik

Host.—Sporobolus ligularis, Hackel.

HAB.—Eeuador.

The above is vaguely and briefly described by Brefeld in the
work quoted ; the mode of germination is however given in detail,
and beautifully illustrated. Apparently closely allied to Tilletia
fusca.

24. ree endophylla, de Bary in Rabenh., Herb. Myc., ed. 2,
500.— e-mass um blackish-brown streaks on the leaves
of the [es 1-3 em. long; spores globose, angularly globose, or
broadly ellipsoid, 18-25 „ diam., border about 2 u wide, altogether
brown; epispore ornamented with a edd singh MÀ =

lation, the walls of which are thickish ; veragin
2 „ diameter.—Fischer de Waldh., poc (EN 49; 7. od
A in Rabenh., Krypt. Flora, Pilze, i i. (1881), 107 ; Sace., Syll.

yp 1), 1
i. (1888), no. 1761 ; Uredo olida, Riess, in Klotzsch- Rabenh.,
Herb; Myc., 1695.

HOSTS. — Brachypodium pinnatum, Beauv.; Brachypodium
sylvaticum, Beauv

HAB.—Austria, Beriahy

KExsicc.—Klotzsch-Rabenh., Herb. Myc., 1695; Rabenh., Herb. .
Myc., ed. 2, 500; Rabenh., Fung. Eur, 2293; Rabenh. -Wint., :
Fong. Eur., 703. 3

only species with reticulated spores that forms long sori,

or indien on leaves. The reticulations are smaller and more
numerous than in Tilletia Caries. Specimens from the exsiccata
quoted above, examined.

Fig. 16, spore of T. endophylla.

25. Tilletia Seslerie, Juel? in "me = Kongl. Vet. Akad. Fore =
handl. Stockholm, 1894, 494.—Spore-mass forming very long, thin
black streaks on the leaves; spores irregular ly globose, "dark
brown, 25-28 „ diam., epispore furnished with ridges which
anastomose to form a network

Host.—Sesleria cerulea, Ard.

HaB.—Gothland.

The author compares this species with Tilletia endophylla, -
Wint., from which it differs more especially in the larger spores: _
Not examined.

26. Tilletia Berkeleyi, Massee.—Spore-mass forming blackish
streaks on the culm, up to 1 cm. long, not foetid when er
spores constantly globose, brown, 15-18 » diam., border 1 u wits

155

epispore furnished with very thin, slightly raised ridges, which
anastomose to form a very small-meshed network ; mesh averaging
15 » diameter.

Host.—Triticum vulgare, Vill.
HAB.—England ; King’s Cliffe, Northamptonshire, Berkeley.

A very distinet species, included by Berkeley eresi Tilletia
Caries, in his herbarium. Differs from the last-named, and
from all other described species in the small-sized spores, ee in
the very small mesh formed by the thin, slightly raised ridges on
the epispore. Forming blackish lines on the culm ‘5-1 cm. long.

x Fig. 23, spore of T. Berkeleyi.

2T. en Sphagni, Nawaschin in Bot. Centralbl. 43 (1890),

289. —Spore-mass brown, filling the en of Sphagnum ; spores
globose, 11-12 » diam. ; epispore clear with
a polygonal network.—Sace. Syll. ix. (1891), no. 1180.

Host.—Sphagnum squarrosum, Pers.
HAB.—Russia.

This species is probably widely diffused, although only definitely
recorded from Russia. The Tilletia spores are t those bodies which
have previously been spoken of as the microspores of iridis o
and the capsules in which they are produced were known as
microsporangia. Not examined.

Doubtful Species.

Tilletia ips Ule in Hedwigia, 1886, 113; Sacc. Syll.
a (1888), no. 1784.

There is no Be description of this species.

29. Tilletia Fischeri, Karsten in Finska his etre ee sins
1879, 10; Mye. Fenn. iv. p. 10. Maines bee, formed in

black ; spores globose or sub-globose, ame about 14 x gi or
16 x 12 u .—Sace., Syll. vii. (1888), no.

HosT.—Carez canescens, Linn.
HAB.—Finland.
The brief and incomplete diagnosis prevents placing this Species

in any one section employed in the present paper, and s is not
wise to trust to the host for the discrimination of a speci

30. Tilletia Vulpie, P. Magnus in Verhandl. d. Zool.-Bot, Gesell.
m. xm (1899), 89, t. 2, figs. 7-12. Spore-mass produced in
the vary, , blackish, 192 x 16:9 p; epispore with a raised
ne his :

156

Host.—Festuca Myurus, Linn.
HAB.—Kurdistan.

Not examined. The diagnosis is too vague to admit of indi-
cating its affinities.

Excluded Species.
31. Tilletia corona, Scribner in Bot. Gaz. xxiii. (1896), 210.

Hosts.—Infesting the ovary in Leersia oryzoides, Swartz; L.
virginicus, Willd. ; L. lenticularis, Michx.; Panicum virgatum,
Linn.; P. sanguinale, Linn. ; and Oryza sativa, Linn.

HAB.—United States.

Exsicc.—Ellis, N. Amer. Fung., 1896.

This is obviously a species of Neovossia, and will s tand as
Neovossia corona. The specimen in Ellis, N. Amer. Feng: 1896,
ined.

32. Tilletia (?) glomerulata, Coce. et Mor., Enum. Funghi
Cent. ii., 6, tab. 1, figs. 1-3; Sace., Syll. vii. (1888),
no, 1782.

Judging from the ee and figures, this is certainly not

a species of Tilletia

Ps ng ? irregularis, Pazschke in Rabenh.-Wint.-Pazschke E

Fung. Eur. et Extra-Europ., 4004 vem description) ; Hedwigia,
Beibl. (Elench. Fung. nov.), 1896, x

Host.—On living leaves of Andropogon sp.
HaAB.—Brazil ; Sta. Catharina.

amination of material from the exsiccata quoted above shows 2

Exa
very clearly that the fungus is not a Tilletia, but some Hypho-
mycetous form with dark olive spores arranged in lines, and

distinctly springing from a pseudoparenchymatous stroma —

immersed in the substance of the leaf.

34. diee ned Wint. in Rabenh. Kerne Flora, Pilze, i. 4
S 884), 109; Sacc., Syll vii. pea no. 1778. Neovossid —
" ;

linie, Korn. in Oester. Bot. Zeitschr. xxix. (1879), 217;

Brefeld, Unters. Mykol. xii., 210, t 8-98. vos Molinie, —

x., fig.
Thümen in Oester. Bot. Zeitschr. xxix. (1879), 1
HosT.—In ovary of Molinia cerulea, Moench.
- HAB.—Carniolia.

Exsicc.—Roum., Fung. Sel, 4922 (comm. Voss); Flor. Ex.
Austro-H in. 353 ( (comm . Voss) ; Thiimen, Fung. Austr., 1216.

Ts
N

P L^ in "E

151

This species differs from Tilletia in the mode of spore-
germination, and must bene rcr return to Neovossia ; Vossia,
the name originally given by Thümen, being a already ‘used for
a genus of grasses. Portion of the iy e specimen
Thümen to Herb. Kew, also the material in the quoted exsiccata,
examined.

Figs. 2 and 3, spores of Neovossia Molinia.

35. Tilletia iius Pat. in Bull. Soc. xd France, iii. muet. im
t. x., fig. 2.—Spores globose or ovoi p. diam., olive

warted, unite der a hard blackish green mass, eia. with
sle nder ne pene with an irregular outline.—Sacc.,
Syll. ix (1891). no. 1179.

Host.—Attacks the fruit of rice, Oryza sativa, Linn., which
becomes enlarged, black, and hard like a sclerotium.

HAB.—Japan ; Environs of Yokosha, Island of Nippon.

The Id proves that this fungus is not a Tilletia, in fact
it forms the type of a new genus—U. He no PEDE by
Brefeld, who cannot indicate its affinities. There are two species,
U. ze and U. Setarie. Perhaps it would dela bémi wiser not
to zc established a new genus bier it could have been diagnosed

er features than spore-germination alone. Every myco-
ee is deeply indebted to Brefeld dor his marvellous researches
on spore-germination, but as to whether mycologists have accepted
the idea that everything systematic rests on this one feature, or
whether it is really to be regarded as the fundamental and only
feature of value, remains yet to be decided.

36. Tilletia sterilis, Ule in Verhandl. bot. Ver. Brandenburg,
1884, 214 ; Hedwigia, 1886, 114; Sacce., Syll. vii. (1888), no. 1788,
under s Species minus no ote.”

Host.—Festuca ovina, Linn. ; Keleria cristata, Pers.
HaB.—Germany.

Exsicc.—Rabenh.-Wint., Fung. Eur., 3605 (comm. Ule).
The different oe of this hypothetical species, as given by

Sone but lacking satisfactory evidence called the species sterilis,

bly as a reproach for its sterility. The specimen furnished
by y Ule to Rabenhorst's exsiecata eo AHi with the jp name,
and "e so far as the Kew copy is concerned, be described as
sterilis

37. Tilletia pte eee Beck in Verhandl. Zool.-Bot. Gesell.
Wien, 1885, 361.—Spore-mass ochraceous, produced in the ovules ;
spores globose or rarely subglobose, ochraceous, ee
14:7-17:5 p diam. ; epispore densely verruculose-aculeate

3790 B

‚Host. — Thlaspi alpestre, Linn.

HAB.— Austria.

amined.

Developing in ovules of scarcely age fruit of Thlaspi
dging ihe description, the

alpestre. Not ex

158

present ‘fungus i is nota Tilletia but a Sor 'osporiwum.

INDEX.

Specific names in italics are those not retained.

ERYSIBE
herococca a Agrostidis, Wallr.
LYCOPERDON

ca, Rostr. = ... a
asperifol = Ellis and Everh.
æ, Ul i

Ayresii, J n
Berkeley: T Pos

Brize, |

buchloean: a, Keller and. Swingle
Calamagrostis, "m ckel
T

Caries.

Tul.
serebrina, Ellis and Beer ch.
controversa. €— ihn

corona, Scri ibne

aryana, Fi Ee de Wald. .
deripions,

Elymi, Dictel and Howay y
endophylla, de Bar sea
Lu Berk and Br vonie a

'erulat. ata, Ape r

lævis, Kühn er vas
Lolii, Awersw,

Description of the Figures on Plate.
Si of Ti ms hyalospora, x 750.
Neo

magnusiana, Fischer de M oer
ae Fuckel
ixta, 7

Molin:
notani Enis ‘and "Everh.
olida, Win

Orize Pat
Rauwenhoft, Fischer de Waldi,

, DC.
deci piens a, Strauss
olida, Riess

Secali is, Cor

Segetum var. deei eipiens, Pers. .-
Ditm e

sitophila,

Salveii, Berk. ibd Broome x

VOSSIA
Molinie, Thümen

159

eh E Tilletia de Baryand, x 150.

Por of surface of spore of Tilletia rugispora,
sot ng the dark epispore cracked into irregularly
polygonal — : Bor white lines correspond to the
hyaline epispore 000.

p ^ Spore of Tilletia vuditiólids x 750.

50.

en

sS PEA - 2 mixta, x 7
n de AN » fusca, x 750.
51 erebrina

2. 50.
a da: Portion of an ear of wheat infected with Tilletia Caries,

na

» 14. Spore of Tilletia Cari €—

„ 15. Two sporidia of Tilletia Caries that have conjugated
and produced sporidiola ei Tulasne), x about 460.

» 16. Spore of Tilletia endophylla,

„ 17. Spore of Tilletia separata pontilantitg (after Brefeld),

CH
US ELE Bof of Tilletia controversa, x 150.
19 levi. 5

» 19, 5 "s evis,

u. " 5 separata, x 750.
jj el. i Lolii, x 150.

» me. - - verrucosa, x 150.
» de. u v US x 750.
» 94. $s s: -Horden x 150.

DCLVII.—CENTRAL AMERICAN RUBBER.
(Castilloa elastica, Cerv.)

Some account of Castilloa rubber, and of the species producing
it, was given in the Kew Bulletin for 1887, pp. 13-16. Since then

attention in Mexico and the West Indies. It has not, however,
been easy to obtain any trustworthy data as to the practical

States Consular Reports (May, 1899, pp. 147-151). It appears to
have been drawn up EU man conversant with the subject and
with a good deal of care :

* Consul-General Beaupré sends from Guatemala, under date of
January 28, 1899, a translation of an artiele on rubber prepared by
Mr. José Horta, 'of the city -- Guatemala. Mr. Horta, adds the

the subject ably. Extracts from his report are given
“In Guatemala ee elastica, Cerv., is Qon in the
wild state, and co an immense zone in Central America ;
the rubber which this. tree produces is one of the best and most |
valuable for the indust
“The Castilloa elastica is a tall, weéllahsped tree, with smooth,
greenish-white bark. At a he eight of from 15 to 20 yards from
the ground there start from the trunk (of spongy "ud porous

3790 B2

160

wood) — and almost horizontal branches, from which han
s of leaves, long, oval in shape, and smooth edged (ud
toia.

“The milk of the rubber tree, or its mercantile product, is
contained principally in the fibres between the woody portion of
the tree and the bark. This fibrous part is a vital portion of the
tree. For this reason, in making incisions in the bark to obtain
the milk, it is necessary to proceed Me great caution and
according to the method described Eora

“The milk contains more or less water, "isecrdigt to the time
of its extraction; on an average it can be caleulated to hold
about 60 per cent. water and other substances, and 40 percent. -
saleable product ; of this, erue 33 per cent. is rubber of —
superior quality.

he climate most appropriate for eg is the hot or coastal,
with a temperature of from 25? to 35? Celsius (93? to 103? F.) and
the altitude above sea level up to 1,500 feet. The ground should be
moist, deep, and loose; neither clay nor stone. Rubber should
not be planted in iss sun, We found our opinion upon the
following reasons :

«(1.) The nazure of the rubber tree

* (2.) The trials made in Guatemala. since 1872. E

“(3.) The consideration that, planting in the shade, there is

absolute certainty of a satisfactory result. :

“If the wild tree pori Be the shade of trees of greater E
growth in the natural forests, it is because, by the help of these, -
its sap remains in the state Pape by nature as a condition of its
proper growth and production. It is 3

OT RN

t il ze
should also not be lost sight of that on the Pacific Coast we
oa a dry season for six consecutive months, very prejudice

antations in the sun. Allow the rubber tree a e.

u
and et yield. It is a mistake to wish to cultivate plants, 1

h
tions, soil, per atmospheres, with the desire of obtaining goo
yields in ‘poth. The result is that neither one nor the Oo
finds the requirements necessary for proper development. 1
would appear much more feasible to conduct the cultivation ©
vanilla simultaneously with that of rubber, utilizing the trees for

shade.

- Advocating the planting in the shade is equivalent, in ;
country like Guatemala, still possessing so much virgin forest, to
planting in the woods. There are thousands of acres of land

tion, the latter a condition of the greatest importance. The
and un N. eut down. could be be nas. over the qom

161

prevent the growth of weeds, as well as to serve as manure. In

planting the rubber tree the ground should be perfectly cleaned

for a circle at least a yard in diameter and the tree placed in the
1

centre
incomparably better results will be Kis pie than by planting by
seed. The nursery is formed in damp ground, shaded and well
worked, and the seed (which is apicem imi in "March and April)
planted. at intervals of about a foot. The seed is planted just as
gathered, with gum and all ; washing rami injure the later growth
and may even ni sprouting. After a year in the nursery the
ei are taken out with great care (it is best if the earih adheres
to the roots) and transplanted.
“The least distance at =e rubber trees should be set out is
st 8

th

covering the ground as has previously been explained. In the
third and fourth years, two to three cleanings per year should be
made; and from the fifth year, one cleaning annually will suffice
em the Sec of the tree impedes the further development of

weeds ore beginning to exploit, he: trunk of the tree should
intone T least 12 inches in diameter, and from 12 to 15 yards in
height, for which from nine to ten years is necessary.

“The milk may be extracted from the trees twice each year,
during pom rainy season ; about two months after its commence-
ment and towards the termination, > most propitious time being
when the tree has dropped its lea

* A tree planted and cultivated dide good conditions will give
an annual product, after nine or ten years, of 1 pound of rubber,
or, say 24 to 3 pounds o of milk. With proper study of the nature
of the rubber tree, the progress of its sap, and the fertilizers that
might be best for it, it is very probable that this yield would be
greatly increased,

* EXTRACTION OF RUBBER.

* Until now, the machete has been used in Guatemala to make
the incisions in the u incisions in the form of small canals
about three-fourths of an inch wide, which receive the milk. I
other countries (as in the ‘East Indies) there is employed a kind

of knife, which allows the making of an incision which is cleaner
and better directed.

“To extract a good quantity of milk it is not sufficient to make
only one incision at the foot of the tree. Care should be taken
that the bark of the tree remains intact in 02 continuous
strip the entire height of one side of the tree; if the entire
eircumference of the trunk were cut (even by ineisions situated

at en en = tree would die within a few days,
To avoid this we have seen the foto wike modes
em e ed :—

"1. 5 From a certain height above the roots, incisions are mad
in the trunk every metre or metre and a quarter approxi mately,
until within two metres of the first branches, Each incision

L4

162

consists of two symmetrical cuts, which together will cover two-
thirds of the circumference of the tree, and will form an angle of
45°, in order that the milk ae. run pul to the lowest point.
The points of all the incisions m n à perpendicular line, 80
that the milk from the highest i ein, “after concentrating in the
angle formed by the two cuts, may run to the lowest point of the
next lower incision, and from there on to the following, etc., until
reaching the lowest, where it is collected, as explained ‘further on.
“ (2.) The incision is extended to the same height of the trunk
as indicated in the first method, but is continuous, and consists of
cuts, one ecke to the other, always ta iking care never to
cut into more than two-thirds of the tree's circumference, thus
leaving one-third of the bark intact.
“Tt is useless and even dangerous to make the incisions so deep

as to penetrate the woody part of the tree. On the contrary, great -

caution should be exercised to preserve the fibres closest to the

woo

“ From the o of the incision nearest the ground the milk is
conducted by nal to a receptaele of clay or wood. When
collected us. ds. milk must be coagulated to obtain the solid
marketable product. This part of the process merits a serious
study, as the best mode of obtaining the finest and most abundant
product has not been decided. We pm ourselves to indicating
the principal processes we have seen

“The most rudimentary ud in collecting the milk in à
trough, or even a hole excavated in the ground (which detracts
from its value), aad employing in its dor ihe juice of the

vine, here called * alter te’ (an infusion of the leaves of
the vine). Alum can also be employed, and er a very rapid
action on the milk. The water contained in the milk may be
evaporated by indirectly applied heat, initio care that the
receptacle does not communicate a bad colour to the rubber; or,
the milk may be mixed with water, which is poured off
intervals, until all Pes des are ROTO WE: _ The clean rubber,

e
e

* COST AND PROBABLE PRODUCTION OF A PLANTATION.

“ This calculation must naturally be Arr se as the cost will
depend in great part on the price of the lands, on the greater OT
less facilities for obisinta workmen pus mode of paying them
(by day, by task, with advances, etc. » on the distance apart that
trees are to be e planted, whether the land is to be — exclusively
for rubber or not, and on many other consideratio

“ The figures expressed herewith, therefore, do ane pretend to
a rigorous exactitude, but will serve as a guide for the agricul-
turist.”

“We will pee that the trees are to be planted - = varas
(1 vara = 33 English inches) distance, so that each will have an
approximate "né (with space oceupied by shade T9099) of 648 sie are.

E Na D ELE Pe SN dea i EI. NI nee ee eet Ming PG Ted cep. gm eee MORS EC:

varas, which we believe necessary for their proper development,

163

thus allowing approximately 10,000 trees to the caballeria a
acres); € E at $400 ($175. 60 in United States curren

per cabal a price somewhat high, as some coast land (hos)
adequate em this cultivation can be purchased in Guatemala for
less ; but we have adopted this figure, as, according - pt
laws, it is the average cost of public lands in the Republi

Guatemalan United States

currency. currency.
$ $
Cost May E DS e EA E
Fen 10.00 .. 439
Nursery, t "$10: — 1 “000, y, for 159
plan 1.59 69
Propane add of ground and arranging
natural shade, per manzana $e 8.00 . 3.91
Planting 159 trees to the manzana ... 5.00 . 1.32
Cleaning by ER four in first
year IE = FR
Three cleanings i in second year wi. ee c. - UT
Two cleanings in third year... $.00 r Bek
One cleaning — eg "frt fourth
to sixth, inclus LAUD. 0934
Interest on veed capital, at 10 per
cent. for ten years . 68.78 -ags 3019
Management, etc. sve vas ves A38 — =: LOZ
Total cost in Guatemala er per
cent. premium is ruling raie on
gold to-day)of 159 Mont occupy-
ing a manzana of teme. and
10 years old ... c LOO. Ae. 5600

* From the foregoing e e it may be seen that a plantation
of, say, 100,000 trees requires 10 caballerias of ground (besides
that which may be er 7 fof buildings, huts, etc.), and would
cost, after ten years, xv $95,000 ($41,700).

“Tf the nual yield of each tree after ten years is 1 pound of
rubber of good slats, 100.000 trees would give 1,000 centals per
I of A Mag At present price of the article, these 1,000

in Guatemalan money at vate È : exchange
$262,500 (115. 1238) There is to be deducted from th

Guatemalan United States
curren

iid
: $ E
Cost of extraction and collection of
the milk and manufacture of p
duct A together may be cal-
culated at 30 cents per pound of
Piba for 1,000 centals ... 4 SOU . 13,170

* The value of the Central American peso, or dollar, was vogue by the
United States Director of the Mint, January Ist, 1899, at 43.9 cen
T Square of 100 varas, or 275 feet,

Guatemalan United States

currency. currency.
$ $

rought forward zi 90,000 7.2:12, E
Expense of transportation to point of
shipment (which varies in each
case, but can be calculated in lands
situated on the Pacific coast at
$1.50 to $2 per as for 1,000

centals nc 0 e 168
Expense for embarking, more or less,
" cents m cental, or, for 1,000

entals 355
ioiii freight, insurance, commission
on sales, and other expenses, ap-

Soc. $e. € 2.40,000- —.. 17,500

Toa ove =” (714909... 91,899

“ Deducting the tg cor $72,559 ($31,853) from the income, leaves _
83,385

a balance of $189,941
* According to these calculations, one crop, after ten years, will
produce double the amount expended during that time. Even

reducing these figures (which are not too high) to: one-half, in 4

order to be free from any exaggeration, and supposing a yield per

tree of 6 ounces of good product, the net annual product will be 1 |
incomparably niore remunerative than that which coffee under
a, 1

the best and most favourable cireumstances can yiel

DCLVIIL—FUNGI EXOTICI, II.

Persia.

- UREDINEÆ.

er incrassate, medio septate plereque vix constricte usc,
90-55 x 28-32 u, » episporio leves, basi in pedicellum ball T
oductze :

T
oe montanum, C. A. Mey., Border, 5138.
cet resembling P. Prenanthis, Fuckel, in habit an
fel lentoxpore s aia but differing in the structure of te
eutosp =

165

Russian Asta.
BASIDIOMYCETES.

Paxillus Osteopson, — (sp. nov.) Pileus carnoso-lentus
vel sub-coriaceus, planus vel depressus, er arcte involuto
sericeo glabratove, pinta albidus, 3-4 em. diam. Lamelle
RE Aee hreh tok. confertæ, passim er anastomosantes.
Spore subgloboss 4-5 fi diam. Stipes curtus, solidus, glaber,
fuscescens.—Kew Bulletin, 1899, p. 56.

MONGOLIA. Mrs.

Growing almost bur ied i in loose sand ; said to be used exten-
ri and with beneficial results in the treatment of diseased
bones

TIBET.
BASIDIOMYCETES.

Clavaria fusiformis, papery; Eng. Fungi (1799) t. 224.
S. TIBET. Yatung, Hobs

J APAN.
UREDINEÆ.

Puccinia Polygoni, Pers. Syn. (1801) p. 227 (P. Polygoni-
amphibii, Pers., l.c

ESSO Abashiri, on Polygonum sachalinense, F. Schmidt,

Faurie, 13, 856.

Innia,
BASIDIOMYCETES.

Pleurotus cretaceus, Massee (sp. cene Pileus carnoso-lentus,
sicco rigidus, subrotundus, uno latere productus, margine
involuto, plano-convexus, Spe kai glaber, albidus, 6-9
m. di Lamelle confert®, attenuato-decurrentes, postice

m,
anastomosantes, albide. Spore rs hyaline, glabrz,
3x4 oz excentricus, sepe fere lateralis, glaber, albidus,
3-5 cm. longus, 2-3 cm. crassus, deorsum attenuatus, siccitate
Qo act renamed rugulosus.
| PUNI. eshawar, on wood, Watt, 1 5

A very bis fungus, entirely creamy white. "Very rigid
when dry, and looking exactly like a ee of Paris model,
Allied to P. sapidus, Kalchbr. Dr. Watt’s note accompanying
the specimen is as follows : “ It comes from Peshawar, where it is

166

known as ‘Dhingri.’ It is said to be sold by the shopkeepers —

much broken. The average rate at which it is sold is about Rs.25
a seer. Before cooking it is soaked in fresh water for about

eight hours. It then swells and becomes pulpy. It is said to be

eaten with E relish and sent as a rarity in presents to friends E

all over India

Volvaria woodrowiana, Massee (sp. nov.) Pıleus carnosulus, ;

campanulatus, dein explanatus, siccus, margine striatus, glaber-

rimus, griseo-lividus vel cinereus, 8-12 cm. diam. Lam elle

postice liberæ, a confer ertæ, salmonicolores, acie integra

Spore sphæroideo-ellipsoideæ, ey 10 x- S Stipes solidus,
m. lo

E j
subsqualis, glaber, 9-15 c ongus, l cm. circiter crassus, albus. -

Volva amplissima, libera, ee limbo lobata, albida.
On the ground, Poona, Woodrow, 13.
Allied to V. volvacea, Bull.

Hydnum Gleadonii, Massee (sp. nov.) Pilei subcoriacei, sessiles,
dimidiati, cod ae strigoso-spongiosi, ex albo flavi di, margine
avi, 4-7 cm. lati. Aculei ex albo flavidi, usque ad 1 cm. longi,

decurrentes, apice integri acuti. Spore hyaline, subglobos®, —
5 S E

VINCES, On dead wood, Dehra Dun, Gamble,

264 Aib C ool T. Gleadon
very beautiful species, quite distinct in colour, and in
th

ee strigose covering of the pileus, which a. in E

r that of Trametes Hystrix, Cooke.

Geaster oan ae eas (sp. nov.). Peridium globosum, subum- |
bonatum, cm, diam. ; exope eridium r due , carnosum, stellatim —

g

ostiolum minutum ; columella pectus ens. Spore globose,
brunneo-lilacinze, verrucosze, 10-12 p. diam.
UE 2 PROVINCES. On the ground, Dehra Dun, Gamble,
26,46

all species somewhat resembling G. hy ygrometricus, Pers.
but readily distinguished from this and every other known species
by the very large size of the spores. In the mass the ipis are
dark brown with a lilac tinge.

HYPHOMYCETES.

Helminthosporium obelavatum, eas (sp. nov). Hyp hæ
rigidulæ, res fasciculares, fusc®, opace, s iem attenuate,
390-400 x 12-14 maculas atrae velut formantes:
Conidia. elongato-obelavata, 1—11-septata, pallide "Ol vecti 80-1

p.

DW. PRO
Siwalik Hills, Gamble, 26,477. P
mbling A. veluti tinum, rn: in habit and colour, but
differing i in the larger pal e conidia

. Coniosporium Arundin is, Sacc. in Michelia ii, (1882) p. 124.

-N. W. PROVINCES. On uis s of Thi aak e agai Ne
Dehra Dun, diner erc

VINCES. On branches of Helicteres Isora, Lint» —

167

Trichosporium delete Massee (sp. nov.). Hyphe steriles
i t repentes, pluries vage ramos, septate, hyaline, "m
Conidia elle levia, fusco- -purpurea, x ia in
pendrin brevibus subglobosis inserta, acrogena.
"i W. PROVINCES. On dead wood; Dehra Dun, Gamble,
69.
Formin ng se patches 10-15 cm. across. Spores dark
purple in the m

Trichosporium aterrimum, Massee (sp. nov.). a steriles
repentes, pallide, septate, 3-5-4 p crasse, vage ramos ; hyphæ
fertiles subsimplices, hyaline. Conidia elliptica, gini, brunneo-
olivacea, acrogena, 7-

PUNJAB. On Morus indica, Linn., Changa Manga, Gamble,

6,476.

First attacking the cambium, which is destroyed, and then in
dense jet-black pulverulent patches the fungus appears on both
surfaces of the loose bark. In acting thus, the fungus eventually
kills the tree.

Hymenopsis u. M (sp. nov.). Sporodochia convexula,
superficialia, atra, 2-4 diam., gregaria, epiphylla, maculas
pallidas incrassatas nie Conidia ovoidea, glabra, olivacea,
3 conidiophoris cylindricis suffult

N.W. evinces. On living leaves of pores javanensis,
Trecul, Dehra Dun, Gamble, 26, 473.

The fungus i isa true parasite forming black cimi patches,
crowded on thickened yellowish blotches 1-3 em.

Sphacelia Oryz®, Massee (sp. nov.). Sporodochia effusa, olivacea,
suffulta hypostromate aurantiaco duro. Conidiophora brevia,

simplicia, hyalina, bacillaria, 5-6 x 15 a. Conidia solitaria,
EMT globosa, verruculosa, sub lente pallide olivacea, 3:5—4
pe di

Aula. On the glumes of cultivated rice, North Lushai,
Watt, 10,179.

This parasite isin all see a conidial condition of some
undescribed species of Clavice,

Srraits SETTLEMENTS.
BASIDIOMYCETES,

Mycena pelliculosa, Sace. Syll. v. ie no. 295.
PERAK. pe rotten wood, Ridley

Mycena repertitia, Massee sad nov.) Pileus membranaceus,
cylindrieus, obtusus, glaber, striatus, striis e margine ad umbonem
productis, albo-roseus, ad umbonem eee 5-8 mm. diam,
Lamelle subdistantes r1. m adnato-annexs, albide. Spore
elliptiez, albo-rosez, 7 x on fattore, equalis, albidus,
glaber, 2-4 cm. longus, 2 mk crassu

168

PERAK. On rotten wood, Ridley, 21. Distinguished by the |.
rose-coloured cylindrical pileus, striate from the margin to the ©
minute umbo.

Allied to M. codoniceps, Cooke.

Mycena — Massee (sp. nov.). | Pileus ee conico- -

campanulatus, dein es se nee td ot striatus, glaber, e flavido —
pallidus albidusv ve, 2-3 cm. latus. Lamelle conferees angustis, —
postice albide, setate lutescentes, venoso-conjuncte. .

Spore ead elliptiez, 8 x 5 u. Stipes solidus, obesus, lee :
compactus, glaber, albo-flavus, sursum subattenuatus, 4-5 cm. -
longus, 7-8 mm. ne

SELANGOR. On stumps, Ridley, 65.

Remarkable for the ‘thick, solid stem. Allied to M. rugosa, Fries.

rigida ie d A ms "ra a
Tte ees er. le NIENTE ak ae Wer Een al e TS AEQ a a a ai.

Mycena gigantospora, Massee o (sp. nov.) Pileus momon E
campanulatus, dein expanso-umbonatus, ad umbone m striatus, P

cinereo-fuses. Spore ovate, hyaline, glabre, 12-14 x 8-9 pm |
Stipes fistulosus, re zqualis, sursum pallidus, deorsum brun- —
neus, basi albo-lanatus, 4-5 em. 1

PER On the enden Ridle ey, *
Distinguished from all known species by the brown colour of |
every part, and by the large spores.

Omphalia tenera, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus submembranaceus, —
griseus, e convexo campanulato-umbilicatus, glaber, margine
striatus, 5-9 mm. diam. Lamelle distantes, decurrentes, albide. -
Spore globose, glabre, hyalinæ, 7 p diam. Stipes cavus, glaber,
albidus, 3-3°5 cm. longus, 2 mm. crassus P

PERAK. On bis wood, Ridley, 9.

Allied to O. grisea, Fries, from which it differs in the globose
spores, and the umbilicate pileus. :

Marasmius excentricus, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus membranaceus,
excentricus, convexo-campanulatus, plus minus Fm sul-
di

catus, albus, margine szpe crispatus, 3-5 cm. diam. melle E
valde distantes, ventricose, adnate, albidsz, acie integra. 2
rig quem Een glabre, 7 x 5 p. age e Anus. albidus, —

basi lute s, 1:5-2 cm, lon ngus, 3 m
PE nik. Oni growing on dea Food, Ridley, 18.
Whole fungus tough and elastic. Allied in many respects to u. |
Hookeri, Berk., but distinguished by the vios excentric stem.

Marasmius Rotula, Fries, Epicr. (1836) p. 385.
SELANGOR. On dead and fallen branches, Ridley, 74.

Marasmius ota Berk. & Curt. in Journ. Linn. Soc. (Bot.)
= (1875) p
SELANGOR. pet dead bark and wood, Ridley, 18.

Lentinus sericeus, Massee (sp. nov. Pileus mem mbranaceus,
lentus, sericeus, nitens, cinereus, zonis fuscis evanidis praeditus,
dein fulvescens, margine pallidior interdum fimbriatus, 2-3 cm.
diam. Lamelle rigidæ, subconfertæ, brunneolæ, rn es
dentata. Spore n gehe, rn 6 p diam

169

SELANGOR. On rotten wood, Ridley, 33.

The substance of the pileus is much thinner, more silky, and
more shining than in L. tricolor, Berk., to which the present
species is allied.

Schizophyllum flabellare, Fries, E, es — p. 403.
SELANGOR. On rotten wood, Ridley, 9

Claudopus esie Toma (sp. nov.). Pileus sessilis, carnoso-
lentus, conchiformis ovatusve, interdum uno latere productus,
griseus, sæpe cue 8, 3-5 cm. diam. Lamelle anguste,
distantes, venoso- -connexe, prism, gopr æ ellipsoideæ, asper rulæ,
albæ, roseo tinctæ, 8 x 5 u. Cistidia numerosa, fusoidea, apice
fuscidulo- granulata, 65—70 x 14- 5,

PERAK. On dead wood, Ridley, 11.

Superficially closely resemhling C. bi yssisedus, Pers., but
differing in the elliptic spores, and numerous cistidi

Inocybe violacea, Massee Gp. nov.) JPileus carnosus. prim
campanulatus, dein e expansus et late umbonatu us, squ RES
margine fimbriato-villosus, ET versus marginem pallidior,

acie fimbriata, ex al roseo orc elliptice,
glabre, 7 x 4 p, racem. Cistidia Fusoldes Stipes solidus
MA ge, subfibrillosus, carneo-roseus, apice albus furfuraceusque,
2-% ngus, 2 mm ssus

. cra
ERAK. On lawns, Ridley, 2
A pretty little species, allied to Inocybe incarnata, Bres.

Bolbitius ong US Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus membranaceus, e
conico-campanulato subexpansus, umbone leve prominente præ-
re Mm ee integer, glaber, laete ae vel luteo-fuscus,

em. dia Lamelle subconferte, anguste, postice uncinato-
annexe, aurantio-brunnes. Spore o oblongo -ovate, flavo-ferrugine
glabree, q7-18 € 411-13 ime: = cavus, albus, aber. zequalis,
7-8 cm. longus, 1:5-2 m
SELANGOR. On the ota, "Ridle y, 124.
on to B. titubans, Berk. Readily distinguished from ever
own species of Bolbitius = the even, acutely umbonate pileus,
sil slender, elongated st

lammula ornata, Massee ce nov.). Pileus convexo-explanatus,
umbonatus, flavus, squamulis secedentibus purpureis pr:wditus,
setate glabrescens, 2-3 cm. diam. Lamelle subconfertz, postice
sinuato-annexse, flavee, pe a ferrügineo-maeu ate. Spore sub-
globose, intus minute granu et 2-3 guttulis majoribus præditæ
T x 6 u. Stipes solidus, ues baa attenuatus, 3 em. lon ngus,
4—5 mm. crassus.

SELANGOR, On the ground, Ridley, 23.

. Not closely allied to any terrestrial species «d Flammula.
Distinguished by the purple squamules on the pileu

. Crepidotus Ridleyi, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus ssubmembranaceus,
dimidiatus, reniformis, margine interdum lobatus, albidus, glaber,
4-7 mm. latus. Lamelle ventricosæ, subconfertæ, brunneæ,

acie integra. „Stipes rudimentarius, albus. Spore ovato-oblonga,
glabree, ochraceo-brunnes, 5 x 3-4 p.

. 9-4 em. longus, 3 mm. crassu
l
TE 17.

170

SELANGOR. On a dead fern-rhachis, pees 110.
Gregarious. Allied to C. turbidulus, Berk

Psathyra cyclospora, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus carnosulus, -
griseus, inexpansus conico-campanulatus, expansus subgibbosus,
primo evis pruina albida conspersus, mox gla abrescens, et dein i
margine pellucido striatus, 15-2 cm. diam. Lamelle® subconferte, —
ventricose, postice annex, pileo concolores, dein nigro-maculatz. -
Spore nigro-fusce, subglobose, utrinque apiculate, glabra, 12-14 p.
Stipes sequalis, na u glaber, albus, basi albo-fibrillosus, 4-5
em. longus, 3 mm.

PERAK. Onr Gli Wood, Ridley, 7.

Allied to Psathyra semi vestita, Berk. & Broome.

$ Pis
c osi xri n Te ML

4.
Psathyra rei atin Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus submembra- —
naceus, campanulato-expansus, flavo-brunneus, disco brunneus,
glaber, striatus, 2-35 cm. diam. Lamelle conferte, angus&e,
postice attenuato-annexs, e carneo-purpureo fuscescentes, acie
integra. Spore ellipticz, glabra, carneo-fusce, 6-7 x 4 p. Stipes -
fistulosus, sursum subattenuatus, albus, glaber, basi albo-tomen- —
tosus, 6-8 em longus, 4-5 mm. crassus :
SELANGOR. On the ground, = 'dley, 108. 3
Gregarious. Allied to o P. con piled, Fries, but distinguished by —
the striate pileüs and smaller ne z

Psathyrella albida, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus membranaceus, -

digitaliformis, obtusus, striatus, glaber, albidus, 5-8 mm. latus.
lle confertæ, postice uncinis decurrentes, 2 DAD. augustm. -

Spore ellipsoidez, pallide brunnex, glabr& Stipes
fistulosus, hyalino-pellucidus, basi Lecce altus 15 em -—
longus, 1 mm. crassus.

SELANGOR. On rotten wood, Ridley, 55.

Growing in dense clusters. Allied to P. disseminata, Pers.

Coprinus coffeicola, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus tenerrimus, cam- i
panulato-explanatus, griseus, immaturus furfuraceus, dein ex- |

a
subdepressus, 6-9 mm. diam. Lamelle lineares, subconfertm, à
nun E nigro-maculate, acie albida. Spore ellipsoid 3
nigr æ, glabre, 8 x 5 u. Cistidea fusoidea. Stipes fili- —
formis, vix T mm. crassus, glaber, albidus, 3-4 cm. longus. E.
SELANGOR. On coffee pulp, Ridley, 6 67. P
Notiroui subglobose yellowish sclerotia, about 3 m T
diameter, are present on the matrix, and these in all probabilis,
belong to the fungus; but as the mann union between the two
was not observed, this is not quite certain. Allied to C. plica- -
tilis, .. : differing i in the smaller spores and more furfuraceous —
pileu jm

Brass leviceps, Massee (sp. nov.) Pileus membranaceus -
levis, glaber, convexo-campanulatus dein explanatus, umbilicatus, |
cinereus, 1:5-29:5 cm. diam. Lamelle conferte, augusti te:

ostice rotundato-liberz. Spore globose, at tro-brunne, glabra, —
1-8 p diam. Cistidia non vi Stipes fistulosus, d

igegecions on a dead stump of Areca |

171

Allied to C. deliquescens, Bull., but readily distinguished from
this and every other known species of Coprinus by the perfectly
. even pileus and globose spores.

Lenzites platyphylla, Lév. in Ann. Sci. Nat., sér. 3, ii. (1844)
173

“SELANGOR. On dead wood, Ridley, 91.

Polyporus albellus, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus dimidiatus, semi-
orbicularis seu reniformis, tenuis, applanatus, glaber, margine
expanso interdum lobatus, albidus, 4-5 cm. diam, Pori ampli,
oblongi aut angulati, stramineo- albi, postice decurrentes. Stipes
lateralis, brevis, subaqualis, concolor, 1 cm. longus.

SELANGOR. On dead wood, Ridley, 80.

Allied to P. Gunnii, Berk.

Polyporus arcularius, Fries, Syst. M? yes i. (1821) p. 342.
SELANGOR. On rotten wood, Ridley,

Polystictus membranaceus, Sacc., Syll., vi. (1888) no. 287.
SELANGOR. On dead wood, Ridley E

Polystictus latus, Sacc., Syll., vi. d no. 291.
SELANGOR. On rotten wood, Ridley,

or danget POLEN Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus coriaceo-
xo-applanatus, levis vel leviter lineis con-

ee Be Se orbicularis, attenuato-substipitatus, minu-
tissime Mes oL sed dein glaber, e cinnamomeo pallidus,
1:5-2 em. dia Pori minutissimi, subrotundi, a vel in setate
vel triti lividi ` Spore hyalinæ, ellipsoideæ, 6 x

“SINGAPORE. On rotton wood, Botanic Gardens, Ridley, 55.

Allied to P. squamiformis, Berk., but differing in the smaller
spores and paler colour of the pileus

Hydnum eng rm Massee (sp. nov.). iir ae resupinatus,
tenuis, ochraceus, albo-flocculosus, 1-2 cm. latus. Aculei cylin-
draceo-filiformes, elongati, acutiusculi, pallide —. evum
albidi. Spore subglobose, verruculos&, hyalinz, 5-6 u

SELANGOR. On dead bark, Ridley, 107.

poiat scattered patches ; the spines up to 6 mm. long, slender
and hair-like, but not crowded.

Hydnum tapienum, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus sessilis, imbricatus,
carnosus, lentus, siccatate rigidus margine forte involutus, subreni-
formis vel flabelliformis, virgatus, 5-8 cm. diam. Aculei conferti,
acutiusculi, glabri vel minutissime aperui pallide ochracei circa

.longi. Spore globos», hyaline, glabr&, 5-6 u

SELANGOR. On fallen trunks, Ridley, 19.

Allied to H. flavum, Berk.

Stereum aterrimum, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileoli vel simplices vel
2-4 lateraliter connati et imbricatim dispositi, puncta laterali affixi,
3-5 em. circiter diam., conchiformes, superne radia Braune, rigi-
dissimi, fuligineo- rufescentes, dein nigricantes. Hymeni sca-
Ter y nigrum, rimosum. Spore oblongo-elliptice, hyalina:
x 4 p.

172

SINGAPORE. On dead wood, Botanic Gardens, Ridley, 48.
Readily distinc uid by its extreme rigidity, and by vr black.
colour of every par

Cladoderris cartilaginea, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus coriaceo-
v

lentus, erectus, flabelliformis vel obovatus, margine repandus vel
lobatus, is, glaber, dt brunneus, expallens, 5-8 cm. altus,
í cm. latus. Hymenium glabrum, longitudinaliter radiato-

a
rugosum, concolor. Spore ellipsoideæ, hyalinæ, basi oblique api
culatæ, 10 x 5 —
SINGAPORE. Ón dem ped wood, buried in the ground, Botanic
Gardens, Ridley,
Distinguished by the thin substance of the pileus, which is
cartilaginous when dry.

Clavaria — cde Ep: nov.). Caulis crassus, brevis, 1 cm.
circiter diam., umbrin T ; rami subconferti , teretes, leves,
dichotomo - nalen i, unt - rufescentes, apicibus Iunula
furcatis. Caro alba. Spo: vitia. subglobose, glabrie, 7 x du;
basidia veg 35 x 124

PER n the ground at the base of trunks, Ridley, 19. E

A very Voskod ignes characterised by the short, stout -— a
and umber colou

Clavaria Candee, Massee (sp. nov.). Caulis tenuis, 1-2 em.

longus, 2 mm. c s, basi albo-villosus ; rami 2-4, ramulos rare

gere ntes ; ramu ali ultimi eis: =m verticillati, vix vel haud

caule tenuiores, i in sicco sulcato-rugosi ; rami ramulique juniores.

pallide aw dein vette Morón hyalinz, glabra, sub- -

globose, 4-5°5 u
SELANGOR. Oe ds ro mei wood, Ridley, 37.
Allied to C. epichnoa, Fries.

lea ae Berk. et Broome in Journ. Linn. Soc, xiv
(1875) p. 5
BE On dead wood, Ridley, 30.

Laschia c&spitosa, Sacc., Syll. vi. eem no. 407.
SELANGOR. On dead wood, Ridley, 3

hyaline, 6-7 Ee
SELANGOR. v rotten wood, LE ey, 72. :
Differs from all known species in the bright orange colour
very E superficial rene nce

Guepinia spathularia, Fries. The spines on the hymenium are
very minute, and almost inconspicuous when d :

Tremella eo. Massee (sp. nov.). e eset cartilagine
gelatinosa, corrugata, sessilia, brunne cm. lata

obovata, cruciatim partita. ee en el TE leviter
eurvatie, 11-12 x 3-4 u
= aoe On dd wood, Ridley, 27.
. Allied . corrugata ta, Schweinitz ; differing in the absence
a T tinge, = in not nn squa mulose when n dry.

173

eee porphyrea, Fries, Fung. MUS 1. (1848) p. 27.
NGOR. On rotten wood, Ridley

Geaster un Massee (sp. lex: Peridium globosum, um-
bonatum rinum, stratis duobus distinctis. compositum
exteriore Hada carnoso stellatim cure interiore „globoso-
depresso papyraceo ; ostiolum fimbria Gleba aterrima,
ak iens evanescente. Spore globose, es een

diam

p diam.
SINGAPORE. On the ground, Ridley, 30.
Characterised by the black gleba.

Tulostoma Ridleyi, Massee (sp. nov.). Peridium stipitatum,
depresso-globosum, verrucis Dm. en exasperatum,
1:5-2 cm. latum ; os ad apic ammæ positum, mox lacerato-
ovata Stipes c cavus, son ualie, basi Buibösnn, bulbo apice
marginato, squamulosus, dein glabrescens, 3 cm. longus 4 mm.
> 2 lete ochracea. Spore globose, flavidee, asperule,

-T ud

Pax "On the ground near ee Ridley, 8.

Allied to T. exasperatum, Mont

ASCOMYCETES.

—n €— Massee (sp. nov.). Stroma erectum, cylindri-
,9-4 m in stipitem filiformem deorsum abrupte
cen ini pibe in stylum longiuseulum productum, griseo-
brunneum, scabriusculum.. mirth immersa, ovoidea, 250 u
diam., ostiolo papillato ornata. Asc eylindrici, stipitati, apice
capitati, 150 x 7p. Spore octone, rrt di ign basi et apice acutius-
culz, primo Dow ee. dein pluri-septate, 110 x
SELANGOR. Onana , Ridley, 89.
Springing in ideale numbers from the head, thorax,
abdomen, and limbs, and some imperfect stromata also occur on
the antenne. Allied to C. hen: Berk. & Broome

Co T vicine ieza (sp. nov.). Capitulum cylindraceo-
clavatum, urum, nigrum, 2-3 cm. longum, 3 mm
latum. in en epit disi »quilongum nigrum deorsum
abrupte attenuatum. Perithecia ovata, immersa, ostiolis minutis-
simis prominulis. Asc a longissimi, octospori. Spore
aciculares, hyaline, multiseta 80 x 2

SELANGOR, On rott ah, Ridley, Al.

A very interesting fari, t the only known species of Cordyceps
growing on wood, the others being either entomogenous or
rg stem oda glabrous, longer than tlie fertile
port

[eria scutata, Sace. in Michelia i, (1819) p. 580.
RAK. On living leaves of an unde nad: tree, Ridley, 16.
The species was founded on Specimens from Singapore growing
on the living leaves of Myristica sp.

Hypocrella Panici, Massee (sp. nov.) Strom a carnosulum,
elongatum, nigrum, Perithecia ovoidea, in stromate immersa,

3790 C

174 3

ostiolo papillato. Asci cylindraceo-clavati, longe stipitati, -
x : J^ a. Spore filiformes, hyaline, multiseptate, -
100 x

m
E
diei GOR. Disortng the lateral branches of a species of |
ken Ridley, 88.
The stroma is 33° m. long, curved, half encircling the branch. _
Allied to H. semiamplexa,

Hypocrella Zingiberis, Massee (sp. nov.). snis oma carnosum,
pulvinatum, aurantiacum dein pallescens, 3-4 mm. diam. Peri- E
thecia stromate immersa. Asci anguste Um ndraceo- clavati,
140-150 x 8 u, Fr Spore filiformes, ascis subaequales, E
multiseptatee, 120 x 15 4

PERAK. On petioles of a Zing iver, nie ite 10.

Allied to H. Bambuse, Sacc. ; differ ing in the longer spores —
and the bright orange-coloured stroma.

Xylaria IM iren (sp. nov.). Stroma globosum, ^
nigrum, intus suberosum, pallidum, stipitatum, 3-5 mm. diam. 2
Posi bre filiformis, rectus vel subflexuosus, sursum patenti-
hirs , 6-8 cm. longus, 1 mm. crassus. Asc elongato- clavati,
sen, En l-seriatz, ellipsoides, basi et apice subacute,
brunnes, 12 x 6-7 u j

SINGAPORE. inserto da on dead leaves, Bukit Manda, Ridley, —
24.

Xylaria aspera, Massee (sp. nov). Capitulum cs vel. .
obovatum, obtusum, nigrum, asperatum, 1-15 c altum, m —
stipitem curtum deorsum attenuatum. Per TE peripherica, um
immersa, globosa, ostiolis minutis exsertis. Asci cylindracei,
substipitati, 125 x Spore octone, oblique monostiche,
elliptice, cymbiformes, | nigre, 10 x 5 u.

SELANGOR. On rotten wood, Ri idley, 71.

Clubs sometimes deformed ; distinguished by the corrugated
surface and the small spore

Xylaria acicularis, Cooke in Grevillea xi. (1883) p. 85.
SELANGOR. On dead wood, Ridley, 63.

Xylaria ianthino-velutina, Mont. , Syll. Crypt. (1856) no. e
ERAK. On rotten wood, Larut, King, 22 225
Hitherto only pees from South Wuterica-

Diatrype excitans, Cooke in Ann. N. York Acad. i. (1878) p. 185.
SELANGOR. On dead wood, Ridley, 44. ;

Peziza rc Berk. & Broome in Journ. Linn. Soc. (Bot.) -

xiv. (1875) p. : :
PERAK. "s hà ground, Ridley, 12,
A very fine and distinet species, only previously recorded from

Ceylon.

A i SENSE, Mont. in Ann. Sci. Nat. ii. (1834) 77, t. 4

fig. 2.

eme i On dma — Fre 36.

175

Whe n quite young the outside and margin bristles with long

pino uns hairs, each composed of a fascicle of hyphae. As the

plant becomes mature, the majority of these hairs fall away, =

in old specimens the "surface is often quite glabrous. The as

are remarkable for being abruptly narrowed at the base mto
a long, very slender pedic el P. Hindsii, Berk., is in every respect

identical with the present species.

Peziza mdr. Massee (sp. nov.). ea ata gregaria, sub-

sessilia, Poe dein applanata, 2:5-3°5 cm. lata, extus puberula
pallida, disco obscure coccinea. sci cyiiiidetel, deorsum in
stipitem élonyéta attenuati, 375-380 x 20-22 y, tome rue

H-

Spore elliptice, hyslinss glabro, oblique nen 30 x 1
Paraphyses filiformes, apice clavate, septate
SELANGOR. On the ground, Ridley,
Dis istingu ished amongst t the crimson species s of Peziza by the
ae size of the asci and spor Hypothecium and excipulum
mposed of slender interwoven hyphe. Asci not tinged blue
bi iodine.

Peziza tomentosa, Massee (sp. nov.). V ritu sessilia, convexa
dein MN subcarnosa, extus albo-tomentosa, disco flavida,
1-1:5 em. lata. sci eylindraei obiadki i, deorsum in stipitem
obliqu um attenuat , iodo non tincti, ostospori, 150-160 x 13-14 p.
Spore elliptice, ütrinqué Subada utæ, hyaline, — 15-16 x 10 u.
araphyses filiformes, septate, apice subcla
GOR. On the ground, ‘Ridley, 70.
Allied to P. fibrillosa, Curr.

Mollisia cinnabarina, Massee (sp. nov.) Ascomata sessilia,
subcarnosa, er ata, extus nn. dein glabra, ru
us pallide o cin rina, margin

tineti, octospori, 160 x 11 ae elliptice, utrinque ob
hyalinse, eun. oblique, monostiche, 18 x 9-10 au. Paraph yses
numerose, guttulate, zequales, 3 p

SELANGOR. On dead branches, Ridlo ey, 95.

Allied to M. albo-flava, Massee, while resembling G@eopyzis
coccinea in colour

MN. Merken Massee (sp. ni = Ascomata sessilia,
carnosa, explanato-concava, glabra, extus albida, gine sæ-

pissime üridulatoss repando pallida, disco eitrina, 4-7 mm. lata.

Asci he ei obtusi, iodo hand tincti, 100-120 x

9-10 a, octospori. Spore hy ralinee, ign eto: 9x 6p. Para-

phis numerose , apice duh ms ssatie, liformes

SELAN !

Scattered or gregarious ; allied to .M. personata, Sace.

Mollisia rosea, Massee (sp. nov.) Sis carnosa, ex hemi-
spherico expansa, sessilia vel subradicato-producta, extus leviter
tomentosa, albida, 5-10 mm. LE disco c a roseo depallente.
Asci cylindracei, iodo hand t , basi non vel vix attenuati,

x 12 u. Spore elliptice, te Dotate, hyalinæ, glabræ,
buiitupbe. 14 x 8
SELANGOR. On dead branches, Ridley, 82.

3790 C2

176

Readily distinguished amongst the known species by the clear,
rose-coloured disc. Allied to the species above, M. albo-flava,
assee.

Trichopeziza chrysotricha, Sacc., Syll. viii. (1889) p. 411.
SELANGOR. On rotten twigs, Ridley , 41.
HYPHOMYCETES.

Isaria Sphingum, iier Syn. Fung. Car. (1822) p. 126.
SELANGOR. Parasitic on a green elephant hawk -mot
Ridley, 59.

PHILIPPINE ISLANDS.
BASIDIOMYCETES.

Lenzites applanata, Fries, Epicr. d p. 644.
Luzon, Manilla. On dead wood, Loher

Fomes Senex, Sacc., Syll. vi. Men p. 164.
Luzon. On dead wood, Lohe

Polystictus sanguineus, Fries in Nov. Act. Soc. Sc. Upsal. i.
Cet) 14.
UZON. On rotten wood, Loher.

Polystictus Xanthopus, Fries in Nov. Act. Soc. Sc. Upsal. i.
(1851) p. 74.

p.
UZON. On rotten wood, Loher.

Hexagonia apiaria, Pers. in Freyc., ae (1826) p. 160, t. 2, fig. 5.
Luzon. Manilla, On dead wood, Loh

Hexagonia rigida, Berk. in Journ. Linn. Soc. ( Bot.) xvi. (1878)
p. 54.
Luzon. Manila. On rotten wood, Loher.

Favolus purpureus, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus carnosus, e cam-

pe expansus, orbicularis, ex involuto expansus, interdum
ine undulatus, purpureus, glaber, 1-2 cm. latus. Alveoli :

erc e subhexagoni, radiatim elongati, majusculi, purpurei, in
sicco fulvescentes. St tipes centralis, sursum attenuatus, penne
purpureus, basi fuscescens, 3-4 cm. longus. Caro flavida, Spore
Ive elongatz, meri biguttulate, 8x 4yu

Luz On the ground, Loher

vrbes us Hocogtieed by the purple colour of every part.

USTILAGINEJE.
Ustilago virens, Cooke in Grevillea vii. (1878) p. 15.
LUZON. Manila. In ovaries of Oryza sativa, ne; Loher.
HYPHOMYCETES.

Isaria Sphingum, Schweinitz, Syn. Fung. = en p. 126.
Luzon, Manila. On undetermined larvae,

mW NE

177

British New Gunea.
ASCOMYCETES.

Phyllachora ulcerata, oe ep: nov.) Stroma na
prominens, tuberculiforme loculis mammillatum, atrum, 3-5

m. latum. FEAET ovati, amat: in stromate nidulantes. Asci
cylindraceo-pedicellati, 65— 70 x 10 p, octospori. Spore distiche,
hyalina, pre eplonge, glabre, 10-12 x 5 m Paraphyses

mosse, filifor
Ge the upper © Attn of a coriaceous leaf, Bailey.
Allied to P. incarcerata, Sacc.

Aulographum maximum, Massee (sp. nov.) Perithecia gregaria,
lineari-elonga nigra, rima augustissima dehiscentia. Asci
cylindraceo-clavati, aparaphysati, octospori, 90-100 x 12-14 y.
Spore hyaline, allantoidew, curvule, circa apicem 1-septate,
17-18 x 5-6 y.

On Wr pes of Imperata arundinacea, Cyr., Bailey.

Allied to A. Quim entm. Sacc., but distinguished ur the much
larger UR, and spor

QuEENSLAND.
ASCOMYCETES.
Phyllosticta flavidula, Sacc. in Michelia, i. (1879) p. 521.
BRISBANE. On living leaves of a Callistemon, eius 1115.
Stigmatea seminata, Sacc. a as i. (1882) no

BRISBANE. On the of Desmodium a DC.,
Bailey, 1117.

SPH ZROPSIDEA.

Gleosporium kurzeanum, Niessl in Rabenh. Fung. Eur. Exsicc.,
no. 2411.

BRISBANE. On living leaves of Lathyrus latifolius, Linn.,
Bailey, 1118.

Tasmania.
BASIDIOMYCETES.
Clitocybe Tuba, Fries, Epier. (1836) p. 72.
Rodway, 293.

Collybia Eucalypti, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus carnosus, tenuis,
e convexo explanatus, interdum subumbonatus, margine imprimis
incurvus, levis, glaber, eburneus, disco griseo-tinctus, 2-3 cm

178

latus. Lamelle annexe, demum libere, Sees nes albidæ, acie
serrulata. „Stipes fistulosus, sursum attenuatus, incurvatus,
fibrosus, pallide brunneus, 4-6 em. longus. Spore hyaline,
obovate p.

On a Eucalyptus trunk, Rodway, 73.

Clustered, tough. In old, large specimens the whole dec of
80

pileus and stem i is ah, with glands or exudations, but no
in other cases. (Rodwa

Hygrophorus ne: Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus carnosus, e
convexo plano-umbonatus, vel gibbosus, viscidulus, albellus, vel
cremoricolor, glaber, 4-5 cm. latus. L eu distantes ad latera

decurrentes, ex albido pil ncolores. Stipes
solidus, sursum incrassatus, concolor, sabübrilloso-ziebse NR
) em. longus, apice 7-10 mm. crassus. Spore subglobose, rugu-
lose, apiculate, She 7-8 u diam.

On the ground,

Allied to H. irn, Bull, but differing in the structure of
the stem.

Xerotus atrovirens, Massee (sp. ee E membranaceus,
resupinatus, pruinosus, atro-virens, latus. Lamelle
angusts, anastomosantes, pileo edidi es pallida. Spore
hyaline, globose, 4 p diam. Stipes excentricus, incurvus,
pruinosus, 2-3 mm. longus.
n dead twigs of a Billardiera, Rodway, 610.

Allied to X. Berterii, Mont., but distinguished by the blackish

green tinge of every par rt.

Pluteus mem Massee (sp. nov.) Pileus tenuis, e convexo
expansus, obtuse umbonatus, glaber, atro-cyaneus, 2-4 cm. latus.
Lamelle 6onforti, postice rotundato-liberw, e cssio incarnato-
grises. Spore angulate, 8-10 „ diam. Stipes farctus, ern
superne subdilatatus, chalybeus, basi excepta glaber, 5-6 cm
longus, 2-3 mm. crassus.

On dead wood, Rodway, 562.

Resembling Leptonia bizzozeriana, Sacc., which differs from
the present in the scurfy pileus and elliptic spores.

Leptonia obscura, Massee (sp. nov.). Pileus carnosulus, e con-

vexo plano-umbonatus, margine primo LEM nigro-chalybeus,

junior totus dense villosus, dein bene evolutus squamulis par-
vulis "oett. 2-4 cm. latus. Zamelle subeonferte, latze, adnate,

fuliginose, demum carneo tincte. Spore angulosw, apiculate, d
1 oa

um A Stipes farctus, equalis, concolor, 5-6 cm. longus,

3 inu o

On the podad i in woods, pen 307.
Affinity with L. chalybea, Frie

Flammula eoan Massee in Grevillea, xx. (1891) p. 25.
Rodway, 4

"This S irem was E referred to Flammula veluticeps, 3
pin :

Cooke and Mass., by McAlpi

| Psilocybe cdipus, Massee (sp. nov.) Pileus carnogag, : e con-
= vexo plano-depressus, margine levis, glaber, siccus, obscure, rufo-
brunneüs, a em. — re confert», emis deer.

®

179

e flavo-brunneo fuscescentes. Spore ellipsoidee, fuligines,
6-7 x Au. Stipes fistulosus, equalis, basi bulbosus, lamellis con-
eolor, 4—5 cm. longus.

On the ground, Hobart, Rodway, 320.

Allied to P sarcocephala, Fries.

Boletus Rodwayi, Massee (sp. nov... Pileus pulvinatus, dein
convexo-planus, viscosus, glaber, vinosus, margine flavescens,
3-5 em. latus. Caro alba, sapore grato. Tubuli circa stipitem
depressi, elongati; pori angulati, ‘05 mm. lati, incarnati vel
subrubentes. Spore eylindrico-fusoides, uniguttulate, rubro-

1

brunnescentes, 9-10 x 4 a. Stipes solidus, Aur uec due,
basi o curvatus vel AEEA 1-8 us,
rassus.

"On the gio ound, Rodway, 266, with a figure

Distinguished amongst species having flesh-coloured tubes by
the viscid pileus and somewhat slender, equal, incurved stem.
Flesh of pileus comparatively thin

Polyporus soles Fries, Syst. Mi Yer i. (1821) p. 59.
On wood, Rodway, 194.

Polyporus ae: Massee CU nov.) FPileus carnosus, tur-

binatus, plano-depressus, ochroleucus vel pallide alutaceus,
glaber, 6-7 cm. latus. Pori e inzequales, dee
straminei, marginibus fimbriati, cirea 1 mm. lati. o m

lenta. Spore hyaline, leves, oblongo-ellipsoidex, d 135 x 6-1
Stipes uen solidus, subreticulatus, 2-2:5 x l5
round, Rodway, 138.
Bestel “affinity with P. ovinus, Fries.

Hydnum Caput-meduse, Fries, Syst. Myc. i. (1821) p. 409.
= dead wood, Rodway Y, 234.
mall fo cm. in diameter, and in this respect differing
fre: the typical European form, with which it, however, agrees in
all essential featur

Hymenochete Mougeotii, Massee in Journ. Linn. Soc. (Bot.)
xxvii. (1891) p
On dead re Rodwaı y, 448.

Hymenochzte corrugata, Lév. in Ann. Sci. Nat. ser. 2, v. (1846)
p. 192.
On dead wood, Rodway, 337.

> gee tenuissima, Berk. in Journ. Linn. Soc. (Bot.) x.
(1869) p.
On dead ood Rodway, 336.

Peniophora Berkeleyi, Cooke in Grevillea, viii. (1879) p. 20.
On dead bark, Rodway, 542.

Myxomycidium, Massee (nov. gen.) Receptacula pendula,
stipitata, tremelloso-gelatinosa, hyalina. ee clavata, sterig-
matibus quaternis. Spore weit hyalin

remarkab: us without very ende nt affinities. "The
watery, gelatinous substance es ests the Tremellinezx, but the
oiy clavate basidia, surmounted by four slender sterigmata,

180

are opposed to this view. The general form of the e
is that ef the Clavarieze, where the chain consistency i
unknown.

Myxomycidium pendulum, Massee (sp. nov.). Receptacula
pendula, aquoso-gelatinosa,~ stipitata, on apice acu
hyalina vel basi ochraceo tincta, 1- em. longa. Basidia
clavata, meii 6-7 u. Spore ovate, iin hyaline,
glabra, 3-9

On rotten Act Rodway, 605.

* Always 8 pendulous and in ed much more watery than
any Clavaria we have.” (Rodway.)

sanae candida, Pers., Disp. (1797), p. 6.
rotten wood; Rodway, 5
arts of the specimen the plants are closely compacted
pue and indistinguishable from

neiffia SAHEN, Berk. & Curt. in Journ. Linn. Soc. (Bot.) x
ised
On ah = Rodway, 468.

Tremella vinosa, Massee (sp. nov.). Receptaculum gelatinosum,
molle, gyroso-plicatum, glabrum, vinosum, 1-2 cm. latum
e globosa, 4-sterigmatica, Spore subglobosm, hyaline,

Te, p
° On dead wood, Rodway, 594.
Allied to 7. corrugata, Schweinitz.

| Gyrocephalus luteus, Massee (sp. nov.). Receptacula gelatinosa,
Basidia

stipitata, spathulato-con mvoluta, flavida, 1-1-5 em. lata.

globosa, cruciatim partita, sterigmatibus quaternis elongatis E
I ir ls ‘@ hyaline, continue, glabre, oblongo-curvate 3

x
On dead ied, Rodway, 598.

ANS Gunnii, Berk. ez Cooke, Hanab. Austr. Fung. (1892) ` :

“On the ground, Rodway, 291.

Tylostoma mammosum, Fries, Syst. Myc. iii. (1829 p. 42.
On the ground, Rodway, 535. - g

t gases glaucum, Cooke d Massee in Grevillea, xv. (1887) — :

In the ground on dry hill-sides, Rodway, 534.

Mr. Rodway points out that the central woody nucleus is P
absent in this species, which ne lacks one of the essential E

features of the genus Diploderm

Hymenogaster nanus, Massee et gv y (sp. nov.). Peridium |
globosum, gibbosum, vix visc idum, 3X9 cm. latum, griseo- .

radiantes; septa crassa, brunnea. eon re elliptice, err. = :

subacute, verruculoss, flavo-brunnes, pellucidw, 14-15
Underground, Hobart, Rodway, 609

__ “I have only found the one Era: ‚It seems very close to
forms of m iie Gunnii ? het the apos are woor a be
Rodway).

as large.”

don eR Prem,

181

Hysterangium neglectum, Massee et Rodway (sp. nov.). Peridium
subglobosum, extus pallidum, rugulosum, nec a gleba separabile,
1-15 cm. latum. Gleba subgelatinosa, ge Bruhn: absque
basi sterili; cellule irregulares, gyros Spore. ellipsoideo-

oblonge, utrinque obtuse, ruguloss, Sent flavo-brunnez,
12-13 x 8 y.

Dndererennd: Hobart, Rodway, 614.

Allied to H. affine, Massee & Rod way.

ASCOMYCETES.

fyri rufa, Fries, Summa Veg. Scand. (1849) p. 383.
On rotten wood, Rodway, 555.

Xylaria cupressiformis, Becc. in Erb. Critt. Ital. no. 1278.
On dead bark, Rodway, 554.

Hypoxylon annulatum, Mont., Syll. Crypt. (1856) p. 213.
On dead wood, Rodway, 224.

Nectria tephrothele, Berk. in Hook. f., Flor. Tasm. ii. (1860)

` Parasitic on Hypoxylon annulatum, Mont., Rodway, 224.

Parodiella Banksiæ, Sacc. et Bizz. in Sacc., Syll. ix. (1895),
no. vus

e under surface of living leaves of Banksia marginata,
PUR Rodway, 540.

Coccomyces trigonus, Karsten., Myc. Fenn. i. (1871) p. 257.
On dead leaf of Hucal, yptus obliqua, L'Hérit., Rodway, 542.

Lembosia geographica, Massee (sp. nov.). Perithecia dense
gregaria, in maculis rotundis nigricantibus nidulantia, elongato-
flexuosa, contextu parenchymatica. Asci subelavati, breviter
pedicellati, octospori. Spore oblonge, medio 1-septat s, ad
septum demum subconstricte, flavo-brunnes, 20 x 6-7 u

On phyllodes of Hucalyptus obli ict re iste. Y, '5AL.

Spots black, usually circular, ave m. across; often
running into each other and forming Be KR

men ovina, Cesati et De Notar. Schema Sfer. Ital.
on p. 2
n bark, pcne with Sordaria caudata, Sacc., Rodway, 584.

ura caudata, Sacc., Syll. i. (1882) no. 858.
n bark, along with Lasiospheria ovina, Cesati & De —
fon 584.

Dothidiella inzqualis, Cooke in Grevillea, xx. (1891) p. 5.
On leaves of Eucalyptus obliqua, L'Hérit., Rodway, 538.

Exoascus deformans, Fuckel, Symb. Mycol. (1869) p. 252.

On living peach leaves, Rodway , 455.

** Seems to differ in habit from the — plant by always
growing on the upper surface of the leaf,and in the ascigerous
stage being immediately followed. = wer that form a close,
pale brown, velvety surface.” (Rodway).

— 10-12 y.

182

Barlea miltina, Sacc., m viii. (1889) no. 424.
On sandy soil, Rodway, 139.

‚Lachnea nt Gillet, Disc. France (1819), p. 76.
- On cow dung, Rodwa y, 552.
The justam e funus is is a trifle smaller in every part than the
typical European form. The stellate hairs are well developed c on
the exterior of the ascophore.

Umbrophila aurantiaca, Massee (sp. nov.) iren e sub
explanata, marginibus revoluto-convexis, substipitata, usque 1 cm.
lata, subochracea, glabra, disco leete ochracea vel aurantiaca. Asci
cylindracei, basi elongato-attenuati, apice iodo intense cæruleo-
tincti. pore monostichæ, hyaline, ellipsoidee, plerumque
biguttulatæ, 10-12 x 7-8 u, c oniinn, Paraphyses numerosæ,
filiformes, apice vix incrassatæ, septatæ.

n trunk of Dicksonia antarctica, Labill., Hobart, Rodway,

Distinguished from every known species of Umbrophila by the
clear ochraceous colour of all parts

SPHÆROPSIDEÆ.

Ceuthospora innumera, Massee (sp. nov.). Stroma pustuliforme,
nigrum, pluriloculare, loculis distinctis sine ordine dispositis,
ostiolis prominulis, subcutaneo-erumpens, 0:5-1 mm. latum.
Sporule hyaline, cylindraceæ, rectæ, 25 x 2-5-3 p

On . oe leaf of prises did Rodway, 616.

Den crowded, usually confined to one surface of the leaf ;
allied to T. po Kalchbr. & Cooke.

New ZEALAND,
SPH ZROPSIDEA.

Phoma Podocarpi, _— (sp. nov.) Perithecia gregaria, atra,
subepidermica, ostiolo descubren qiue obtusa, contextu parenchy-
matica, cellulis minutiss 250 u lata. Basidia filiformia. .
Spore ‘hyaline, eyHdelec-elir alien, utrinque obtusate, 2-guttu-
late, 9-10 x 2

On leaves of Podocarpus ferruginea, G. Benn., Otago, Hector, 80.

Allied to P. Saxifragarum, West

Soromon IsraNps.
ASCOMYCETES.

_ Apospheria Alpini, Massee (sp. nov.) Perithecia gregaria vel _
Spársa, sübeu cat EM globosa-depressa, atra, papillata, —
5 mm. lata. Basidia filiform x Spore hyali
eontinuse, igidon vel obovate, episporio glabre,

183 °

In a collection chiefly from New Georgia, on the branches of
the inflorescence and also on the WU and corolla of an ere a,
Officers of H.M.S.‘ Penguin,’ 1894-1895

New CALEDONIA.
SPHJEROPSIDE.E.

Gleosporium Araucarie, ipea (sp. nov.) Acervuli Serre
erumpentes, convexuli, sparsi, pallidi, 5-1 mm. lati, epidermi
irregulariter lacerata cincti. "Ha sidia filiformia, hyalina, 10-15 5
longa. Conidia elongato-subfusoidea, hyalina, 18-91
On the female cones of Araucaria stmt. T. Muell, Ve SUA
Allied to G. Coniferum, Sacc. & Roumeg.

Sırrra Leone,
ASCOMYCETES.

Clypeolum sparsum, ren (sp. nov.). 1 vritheci ia hine inde in
folii superficie sparsa, ne in maculis en insidentia, superficialia,
2 00 di

epiphy 2 en a atr ra, astom - p diam. sci
cylindri obtusissime rotu anda. deorsum ne.
sitenmato stiitati, paraphysibus obvallati, octospori, 45-50 x

istiche, oblongo-elliptice, medio 1-septate, non
vel vix constr er basi et apice en hyalins, 7-8 x
Paraphyses filiformes, ascis longiore
On living leaves of an know. tree (? Excætaria), in bush
near Mofari, Scott-Elliot, 4431.

British East Arrica.
USTILAGINEJE.

Ustilago goniospora, Massee (sp. nov.) Sori ign yeast.
tns "provecta brunneo-violacei, in. ovariis evoluti. xis
rregulares, spheroideo-angulate, 10-12 diam., epispori
crassiusculo chines mox secedentes et dein pulverem ins

violaceum efforma
In the ova ries ut an undetermined Aristida, Ukamba, Scott-
Elliot, 6491.

| SPHMROPSIDEM.

Phoma Euphorbis, Sacc. in Michelia ii. (1882) p. 333. - 3
On stem of Tragia, Mbuyuni, Scott- Elliot, 6200.

184
HYPHOMYCETES.

Cladosporium Herbarum, Link, Obs. Mycol. ii. (1791), p
On leaves of Cluytia richardiana, Muell. Arg., Uie, Scott-
Elliott, 2334.

British CENTRAL AFRICA.
UREDINEÆ.

Uredo Euphorbiicola, Sacc., Syll. vii. (1888) p.
On Euphorbia hochstetteriana, ? DL ihe le North
Nyasaland. Whyte.

SPHÆROPSIDEÆ.

Diplodia Tragiæ, Massee (sp: nov.). Perithecia subcutaneo-
erumpentia, atra, glabra, poc. globoso-depressa, circa 200 p.
diam., sparsa ver subsolita Basidia filiformia. Sporule
elliptico-oblonge, utrinque pie l-septatz, episporio glabra,
PS 18-20 x 10 y.

On stem of Tragia sp. pe between Kondowe to Karonga, North
alent 2000-6000 ft., Whyte

Allied to D. Humuli, "Fuckel, but readily distinguished from
this and every other species by the dingy violet spores.

Bermupa.
BASIDIOMYCETES.

Psathyra conopilea, Sace., Syll. v. (1887) no. 1060.
On the ground, St. George' 8, Cummins.

TN u

Hypholoma bermudiense, Massee (sp. nov.) Pileus, centro |

eei es submembranaceus, e subgloboso expansus, glaber, levis,
pallide ochraceus, versus marginem zruginascens, viscidus, 3—4 cm
dh. Lamelle sat Mercede und rotundato-annexe, e pallido

fuscescentes, acie eee Spore amygdaliformes, violaceo- .

por
fuscæ, T x 5p. Stipe s equalis, solidus, albidus 8, supra a:

on ‘the ground, St. George's, Cummir

Allied to H. eruginosum, Curt., but etg oihdd by the thin : :

pileus and the coarsely serrated gills.

USTILAGINEJE.

Ustilago Stenotaphri, Massee (sp. nov.) Sori ex olivaceo —
brunnei, atri, pulverulenti, ovaria habitantes. Spore irr rregulares, "n
a oblonge, sphæro ideo-angulaße,. 5-7 p diam., epis pore =
levissim: i 3

185

UREDINE®.

Puccinia Virg-aurem, Libert, Crypt. Arduenn., fasc. iv, no. 393.
aca living leaf of Solidago sempervirens, Linn., St. George's,
ummins,

Costa Rica.
ASCOMYCETES.

A 41

B la, Massee (sp. nov.). Stroma erumpens,
diate: atrum, 1-2 mm. latum. Perithecia subglobosa, ostiolo
vix visibile. Asci eee on -fusiformi. Spore uw te
hyaline, elongato-elliptice, utrinque acute, continue, glabra
17-20 x 4-5 u. Paraph yn filiformes

n dead leaves of Anthurium gracile, Lindbl.: Atino, Prov.
DM at 2100 ft., Donnell Smith, 6813.

CHILE.
PERONOSPOREE.
Cystopus Portulace, Lév. in Ann. Sci. Nat., ser. 3, viii. (1847)
371:

"On living leaves of Calandrinia axilliflora, Barn., Santiago
Philippi.

DCLIX.--MANGABEIRA RUBBER.
(Hancornia speciosa, Gomez.)

we Nowe tua: tcu die pp. 67 and 69; 1898, pp. 179, 180)
no account of this r has been given in the pages of the
Kew Bulletin. The dar ill, short Sates appeared in the Kew
Reports :—

Hancornia speciosa.—Our attention having been drawn to this
plant as the source of Mangabeira rubber, steps were taken to

« own

.—. Report on er pp. 23, 24). The rubber appears

o be of good quality, and the tree has also the merit of producing

= excellent fruit shout the ve ege an Orleans plum, and yellow

in colour, speckled with red. The fruit, in fact, in Pernambuco,

is more valued than the caoutchouc.

I extract the following information from Consul Bonham's
Report on the Trade of Pernambuco (1819) :—

beira rubber is obtained from the trees of that name,

which are to be found in large numbers in the bacio of this, as

well as of the other northern provinces. The reports which I

186 A
a
:

hear have been received from Liverpool of dee eg ee of this
article are far from favourable ; the price went o 2. TE
per Ib., but has fallen again, and it would appear that i per lb.
is about. the price obtainable in England in ordinary times.

idea of the great value of he article having got abroad here, the
price rose to an absurd figure, having during t this last season
varied from 8,000 reis, or los. to 26,000 reis, or 52s. per 15 kilos.,
or 33 Ibs. The method employed in the e preparation of the rubber
is very primitive, and, I think, may easily account for the article
not being well received; if the milk were treated in a more
careful manner, there seems no reason why the rubber should not

lumps of rubber are then placed in the sun, after which it is sent
to the market; from this defective mode of preparation a great
loss of weight afterwards occurs, frequently as much as 40 to 50
per cent., some say even more.” (1880, pp. 47, 48.)

A quantity of good seeds of Ene plant (Hancornia speciosa)

were sent to Kew by Mr. C. Craven, of aay nambuco, and we
distributed among the oe. Bolas Sea :—Brisbane, |
Calcutta, Ceylon, Demerara, Sin re, Juv , and Jamaica. The

o

seeds sown at Kew germinated tecly, bur owing to damp the
plantlets all perished. Apparently this plant prefers a dry
atmosphere and a sandy soil. (1882, p. 24.)

The following detailed account of the plant, and of the rubber _
obtained from it, is translated from a paper by Professor O. —
Warburg, in Der Tropenflanzer, Zeitschrift für Tropische Land- —
wirthschaft, iii., p. 147 :—

* Mangabeira rubber is the product of Hancornia speciosa, à
tree of the Natural Order Apocynacex, found in those dry
regions of Brazil which lie to the south of the — of the

Amazon. It occurs on the so-called Campos cerrados, in the
Provinces of Pernambuco, Bahia, Goyaz, Minas Sone, Matto Grosso
I

and Sao ulo n rovinces of Ba and Pernambuco
the rubber is chiefly obtained. The tree is abundant in the
Provinces of Goya inas Geraes, and, according to Edwall,*
in such amount as a Fae PRIME plant of their Campos

o be =
cerrados. In the eed ing Province of São Paulo, the range ——
of Hancornia crosses its nn limi the Rio Grande, and .

o the n the

native campo, it can be grown in a more moist climate to à -
luxuriant extent. Towards the west it spreads through Matto E
Grosso to the eui aue of e
In Paraguay, at Jacuati, to iha south-east of Concepcion, Balansa
has collected a plant which, if not iem same, is a very near kt

Pe l|
.* Gustavo Edwall, * Die Mangabeira,” in Deutsche Zeitung 8. Paulo, No. 99,

187

In the Gran E and in Paraguay, an abundant tree, known
on the Gua as Manga-icé, and probably identical, yields. an
excellent pears oa which is collected in considerable quantity
by a primitive method about Villa San Pedro

DESCRIPTION,

e Mangabeira > of the ee attains the size of an
coe tree, i.e., a height of 16 to 23 feet, but in the Province of
Säo Paulo fails at n 12 feet. it ae freely, forming a

wh
height of the Its many rather pendulous branches bear
short lateral brehicdéts and are leafy only at the extremities.
The te tie are brownish and smooth, the old branches
encased in a corky bark. The opposite paired leaves are elliptic
or long- elliptic i in shape, are contracted towar rds the rounded a e X;
—4 in. long and j-1j in. broad. The leaf-stalks are short—

veins parallel to one another, and sometimes forked to support
the margin, close to which they e nd.

The flowers are Aceon wee about 1? in. long, and grouped
as Many as sev ogether n the e nds of the branches. The
calyx is small, eas yp in. oh, glabrous or hairy, with "i94 small,
ovate, obtuse teeth. The corolla is 14-1} in. long, with a long,
narrow cylindric tube blocked by hairs at the middle, and wit

ve small lanceolate somewhat reflexed lobes, half as long as the
tube. "The five stamens are inserted on and enclosed within the
corolla-tube, and have lanceolate acute anthers. The style is
filiform, long, and bears at its apex a two-lobed stigma. The
ovary is two-celled, with many ovules in each cell, e which but
one cell and a few ovules mature in the ripening fru

This fruit is of the size of a plum, fleshy, with pe agreeable
taste, and contains the few matured seeds embedded 1n the flesh.
When ripe it is yellow, with blotches and streaks of red. It keeps
but a short time, yet is much prized as a food, being eaten fresh
and cooked in many ways. While the Portuguese call it Mangába,
the natives use the name Tembiu-catu, which means “ good to

eat." A drink as well as a conserve is made from it.

CLIMATIC REQUIREMENTS.

According to information from Mr. S. Woldern, British Vice-
Consul in Ceara, the tree grows wild in all wooded districts, on
sandy soil. a its culture sandy soil in the plains, especially
toward the coast, is most suited. The statement that the ed
grows from 3,000 or even 4,000 to 5,000 feet above the s
according to o Marval Irmaos, of Bahi ia, incorrect, the putes on
which it occurs being but of 500 to 600 feet elevation.

CULTIVATION.

But little positive information is to hand under this head. In
most.of the great gardens of Asia and the West Indies the tree
seems not to be grown, although in 1880 steps were taken by

188

the Botanic Gardens of Kew to cultivate it. Seeds were received
and Conn raised at Kew, but of the result we have no |
inform x

At an A the tree needs no shade. Experiments are needed
as to the best method of propagating it, which in the Province of
Sao Paulo is done both by cuttings and from seed.

YIELD.

Equally is little certain at prosent about the yield. When four
or five years old, or, according t omer Saee authorities,
when Six years o old, the tree is CU ough. to o be tapped. This

s done by cutting a spiral groove st is preferable, oblique
PETER in the bark at some distance ES one another, eight of
such, perhaps, in the whole length of the trunk. Below the
maton by the use of a little moist 7, a trough is made to

tch the juice as it runs out. At nem of a quarter to half an
en the supply is exhausted. This y be 2 lbs. and upw
though in the rich parts of Säo Pdl tha terra-roxa (red earth)

district, celebrated for its coffee—as much as 11 lbs. of juice may
be obtained. A zn matter in the bark gives to the fresh

into larger vessels, and mixed with alum (Stauss’ rwn This
produces coagulation in two or three minutes. Two teaspoonsful

of alu lution are suffieient for milk enough to fill two or
three bottles. The caoutchoue is then pressed by hand, and hung
on sticks in the sun for eight days to allow the water to exude
and drain off. The product thus prepared is in the form of large

t" called biscuits ; it still contains much water, and belongs

o the class of caoutchoues known as moist rubbers

ET is obvious that the Tank of the rubber into thin “ sheets,”
instead of biscuits, is of advantage, for it gives facilities for
drying, and consequently adds to its value. This mode of

method of collecting and preparing Mangabeira rubber be found
which will yield more nearly such a product as the trade desires ?

TRADE,

* Pernambuco biscuits” are large rectangular cakes of a reddish-
brown colour outside, but bright rose-coloured inside, with a
peculiar sweet scent, full of cavities containing a solution of alum
and usually with marks of its exudation on the surface, In the
working up of the rubber, a loss, sometimes of as much as 40 to
60 per cent., occurs. The caoutchouc is but little elastic, hardens
with age, breaks and tears—faults attributed to the presence of the
alum. The demand for such rubber is small, and due chiefly to
its pleasing soleus and the price in consequence is but half that —

of rub :
. Recently, eng zs price of Mangabeira rubber has
advanced by reason of the improvement in the purity, and on
account M its rp suitabiliy, when pure, for certain pep

189

In consequence, the en the price of er best sorts
and that of Para rubber is much diminished. the end of
last year, a kilogramme (2 Ibs. 3 ozs.) of the bait Mii ga bola
rubber sold for upwards of 12 milreis EFÈT -i shillin ngs): a price

not far short of that of Para rubber. additional cause of the
UM in vie is ` þe —— in vm Sarti in making up the
rubber; for ing to the constant wateh which is necessary to
guard hei ep » addition i iron or stones put in to
make weight, pieces of rubber only 4-3 in. thick and 2 ft. long by
10 ins. broad, the so-called “sheets " “4 mde. are welcome in
the trade.

Of recent years, the adem of this source of rubber has
taken a considerable extension. And, while the intelligent
collectors, bi. start from Ba ie and work toward the interior,
have only tapped mature trees, improvident nds collectors,
making hei: own profit out of the pressing demand of the time,
have in many places mischievously E o on the supply and
threatened its continuance.

he chief centres for export of Mangabeira rubber are Bahia
and Pernambuco. A large supply is brought down the river Sao
Francisco, and so to Bahia ; and from this town, in 1889, 134 tons
were exported ; in 1892, 4,362 bales, to the value of £22,826 ; and
in 1893, 3,293 bales, to the value of £20,362. From Pernambuco
were exported, in in 1896, 54 tons, to the value of £1,800.* A small
mount of caoutchouc from the Province of Matto Grosso (prob-
ably Mangabeira rubber) is exported down the Parana through
Paraguay, and fee b pei from Minas Geraes are shipped
through Rio de Jan

Recently, the Poraa of São Paulo has begun to demand a

place in es consideration of rubber export. Regions here, such
as that t opt: which the Mogyana railway runs, are exploited,
i ia for t

one-third of the clear profits. A worker can collect about 63 Ibs.
of rubber per diem, and receives on the spot 75 milreis (£2 9s.
approximately) per arroba (324 Ibs.). The arroba is sold in London
for 200 milreis. In the first. half of the year 1898, no less than
16,498 kilogrammes (approximately 78 tons) of rubber were passed
over this railwa , and yet the railways of Paulista and Sorocaba
equally traverse the country where the Mangabeira tree grows.
In consequence of the increasing trade, Santos has become an
important centre for rubber, and there, as at the town of Sao
Paulo, now exist mercantile houses whose principal concern lies
in this bustin ét

In this Province, an idea of the importance of ae bs

e tre rs are t

hard to procure. The Government hoping, by means of the duty
on rubber (now E at 13 per cent. ad val eed to recuperate
its finances, which have become disordered by the depreciation
of coffee, has instructed Dr. A. Uchoa Cavalcanti, Acting Director
of the Agricultural Institute at Campinas, to inspect the territory

* Probably an error for £18,000.

190

in question ; and further, the Congress of the State has decreed
that the Mangabeira tree shall be protected, and its cultivation
extended, as is advisable
This decree, in brief, runs as follows :— ;
Article 1. $i. A premium of 25 contos of reis (25,000 milreis,
or about. £784) shall be pu to him who, within four years
from the passing of this decree, ees show that within a
distance of 60 kilometres (27 miles) of a railway, he has
planted and cultivated, for 2 Taste at least, the greatest —
number of Mangabeira trees, preserving between the trees i
enough room for their free developme :
Sii. A premium of 15 contos (nearly £410) to him who shall =
have planted the second greatest number. a
ar A premium of 15 contos to him who shall have fulfilled E
all the conditions of the first paragraph, excepting t he
requirement with regard to the distance from a railway. ee
Sv. A on m of 25 contos to him who, within the same —
space of time, Sati within the prescribed 60 kilometres of a
railway, shall have cultivated, for two years’ at least, the
greatest number of Man gabeira trees, provided that at a
same time he shall have rondlolill the ground, and remov
all other trees
§v. A premium ‘of 15 contos to rient shall have cultivated, |
etc., the second greatest amo ok
$vi. x premium of 15 contos i: oe stern shall have fulfilled —

all the conditions of the fourth paragraph, except the —
requirement with regard to the distance from a railway. ^
(vii. A premi of 10 contos (about £313) to whoever

r
have — ed in a manner profitable from the
agricultural s mW any other species of rubber B
eg., Manihot Glaziovi

Article 2. A premium of 15 contos of reis to whoever E
show that within the same time he has devised the best =
method of extracting the latex. D

Although but little is known so far of the cultivation of
Mangabeira, it may be said that there is a considerable probab EC
of it EEE zn important tree in rubber-culture. 4°

German RR of Atrion [eem and Togoland | nae suc!
for instance, as occur at Misa Bie. | ii the latter

these soils it promises to be considerably eng ted p^ the.
Ceara rubber plant (Manihot Glaziovii), and the Para rubbers
(Hevea), and will probably give better b "han Castilloa, than
Which it is more hardy, earlier maturing, and smaller."

-191

DCLX.—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES.

MR. WILLIAM tape a sub-foreman in the Royal Botanic
Gardens, has been appointed on the recommendation of Kew
Curator, to the A Mee nen Physic Garden,

MR. ALBERT HOWARD, B.A., Scholar of St. John’s College,
Cambridge, has €: appointed by the Secretary of State for the
Colonies, on the recommendation of Kew, Lecturer in Agricultural
Science in Barbac 08.

The news of the sudden death at the early age of 56, of HENRI
LEVEQUE DE VILMORIN, on August 24th, at his country seat,
Verrieres, near Paris, was received at Kew with the e profoundest
regret. De Vilmorin had worthily continued the traditions of the
great house of Vilmorin Andrieux et Cie., in which he une
several generations of his family. Its business of seedsmen i
no doubt the most widely extended and possibly the ae in the
world. Its affairs constantly brought him to England, and he
rarely failed on such occasions to visit Kew, to which he never
ceased to extend the warmest friendship. He could not in facı

ve shown more interest in or regard for its work had it been an
institution of his own country.

But it was not as a mere man of business that De Vilmorin will
be remembered. He brought a keen scientific intelligence to bear

e pages owe to them the interesting uet te AB. an pp.
3118) of the eg in — he had so large by which
the sugar beet has en to its er len as a
ne Meo d so

of few men A better known throughout Europe ; B.
might "ras pd said throughout the civilised world. A man
dignified presence, with singular charm of manner, and an alert
and sympathetic mind stored with the most varied but precise

warmer cli
British Isles ; and when one asked De Vilmorin to do a thing, on
could rely upon its Pn as effectively accomplished as if one had
done it oneself. A loveable nature, a Seg enthusiasm, and a
sterling integrity inspired a noble charac

Botanical Magazine for August.—A quarto a is given to Aloe
Schweinfur thii, a magnificent species discovered by Dr.
furt

e

a scandent habit. The Kew plant, which was received from
3790 D2

192 3

J. Medley Wood, Esq., A.L.S., Curator of the Natal Botanie Garden,
in 1885, flowers annually in the Succulent House during the
pner, The flowers are white, or pert slightly pink, and
fragra Aster Piccolii, a new spec was raised from 3
collected i in North China by Father Piccoli, of the Jesuit Mission,
j ) 4, of the @

wi kai ras eaten e

account of the absence of. pappus. Ephedra altissima was dra
from material also sent by Thomas Hanbury, Esq. Its abunda
bright-red fruits render it a striking object in the gardens at
La Mortola. It is a native of North Africa, and is not hardy in
Great Britain. Mussenda capsulifera is a pretty white-flowered
species from Socotra, whence seeds were brought by the late
Mr. G. Theodore Bent, in 1897.

EIER TUE MMC NIRE EON DUC IME IT I S Te a

Botanical egy m for September.—Coleus thyrsoideus is a free-
growing species from British Central Africa, me Herbarium
specimens ber fertile seeds were sent to Kew by A. Whyte,

sq. F.L.S. The flowers are rather jargo, bright blae, and are
borne in long terminal panicles. Begonia sinensis is a tuberous-

rooted species with small pale rose-coloured flowers. See

from which the x. plants were raised were received from
i who collected them in Y

Calathea picta is one Bull’s oem introductions from

Brazil, and has been e under the name Maranta picta.
Its leaves are dark velvety green above, ike d with Do of
pale green, and purple below. Asparagus scandens is the
representative of the genus figured in the Magazine. This pod
_was introduced into England from the Cape by Mr. Francis Masson — —
at the end of the last century. The specimen drawn was sent —
to Kew by Mr. Leech, of the gardens at Woodhall, Dulwich.
writhing eg is a curious species from Somaliland, where
vered by Mrs. Lort Phillips and Miss Edith Cole, who
a the Sat from which the drawing was made to the Botanic .
Garden, Cambridge. In habit it closely resembles D. arabica, —
"E cU ‚of which a figure appeared in Hooker's Icones Plantarum,

k
=

.. Flora amens 3 of vol. vii., edited by the Director, was
published in September. It contains a further instalment of the
elaboration of the Graminec by Dr. O, Stapf.

Flora of Tropical Africa—Part 1 of vol. v., edited by the
Director, was published in September. It contains the first
instalment of the examination of the Acanthacee, a family largely
represented in the tropics of both worlds, and but scantily in
-temperate regions. This = been undertaken by Messrs. I. H.
Burkill, S., and C. B. Clarke, F.R.S. The latter gentleman
brought to bear upon the aim a unique knowledge of the Indian

193

en of the family. The discrimination of genera and
spec it is both intricate and difficult, and Mr. C. B. Clarke
was u thisble e complete his work without a visit of some duration
to Bu to study the African species described by German
botanists.

Botanie Station, St. x —]t has been Sepe insisted
upon in the Kew Bulletin that the only chance for some im-
provement in the present distrossód condition of Ws West Indies
is to multiply as much as possible the cultural industries.
Administrator King Harman’s Report on St. Lucia for 1897 (pp.
18- -20) : affords an interesting example of what has already been
done in this direction in that Island.

BOTANIC STATION.

* Much activity has prevailed in connection with the Botanic
Station, in which an increasing interest is shown by the general
publie. Plants were distributed throughout the Island to the
number of 21,138, exclusive of 9,000 ginger sets given gratis to
purchasers of Crown lands, and an impetus has been given to the
eultivation of Liberian coffee, cocoa, nutmegs and kola, the

umber of see — by sale, exchange or free gift
being as follow

|

Sale and |
—— | Exohange. | Free. Total

| |
or ems coffee iui Au sek 10,942 5,994 16,936
C Ho 44 1,302 1,346
Nutmeg A e ud m 444 463 907
Kola ^ es as 214 704 918

The following table, shewing the number of economic plants
eni ibuted during the last three years, affords satisfactory
vidence that the station is increasing in favour with the public,
e that its sphere of usefulness is being constantly enlarged :—

Y ve hec Plants
E tributed.
1895 4,380
1896 » | 19,504
1897 22,179

In addition to the assistance given to the planting community
at the station itself, the Curator is paying periodical visits to the
several districts of the Island for the purpose of giv ing lectures
and practical ae Sa upon agricultural topics, in the hope
of enco ing an extended cultivation of the most useful and
valuable Bono plants upon rational'and scientific principles.

194

The site of the t pgs station leaves unfortunately much to
be desired, and w more suitable land the

advantages n now offers’ will be brought home with greater force
to the general public

COCOA.
The > for 1897 was a small one, owing to the heavy rain-
fall and wind experienced during the flo owering period of May

and June. The cultivation is slowly increasing, and it is hoped
that the excellent dee obtained by the few planters who apply
pov EAE ie he treatment of their crop may, together
the sound re tender ed by the Curator of the Botanic
Station Pte on his lecturing tours, induce the petty proprietors
to improve on the primitive system to which they obstinately
ling.

COFFEE.

Liberian coffee is proving to be — Ap iem to ei soil and
climate of St. Lucia, and its culture 8 being exten he
demand for seeds and plants is Bere ng, and impe
machinery for curing the crop is being imported.

KOLA.

x cultivation of kola is being slowly ded and one ship-
ment has been made to the London market, where good prices
were obtained.

GINGER.
The dili oni: of this spice is at present being tried by one or
two planters ut a shipment which was made in the month
June ali sed. 0— hundred weight, ad the profitable

of re 70/— per
nature of the undertaking is being brought to the kno wledge of
the people.

The estimated acreage of the Bee cultivated in the Colony .

is given in the following return

|
|

E . d d

3 a E 33

— Steg |g bel Bae 2 oe

d S > E] E ISB B ES

t x DÉ e Eo eg aa eS, E

eo | Oo) Oo ta, = 5 | & o
Bes
Acres ae .« „e 15,234 |3,940 | 104 | 11 [3,944 | 323 | 12,234 | 25,790
— ue

The estimated acreage of the Colony is 152,3

F

195

Chelsea Physic Garden.— The following account of the re-
organisation of this old Botanic Garden is extracted from the
Times of April 18, 1899 :—

“ The garden was established by the Society of Apothecaries in
1673. In the first instance, the ground was apparently leased by
them from Lord Cheyne as a site in which to keep the ornamental
barge that was a usual appanage of a City Company at that period,
but at least a portion of it was almost immediately devoted to
the culture of herbs for the use of the Society’s laboratory. From
the beginning the Apothecaries evidently felt its expenses a
serious burden on their resources. Some 40 years after it was
established, they approached Sir Hans Sloane, who had purchased
the manor of Chelsea from Lord Cheyne in 1712, with the desire
of obtaining his assistance, and the outcome was that i n 1722 he
granted them the land for ever in consideration of a yoxiy rent
of 425 to the end that * The said gardens may at all times hereafter
** be continued as a Physie Garden, and for the better encouraging
* and enabling the said Society to support the charge thereof, for
* the manifestation of the power, wisdom and glory of God in
* the works of the Creation, and that their apprentices and others
* may better distinguish good and useful plants from those that
* bear resemblance to them and yet are hurtful, and other the
“like good purposes."

The grant further — that, if the conditions were not
fulfilled, or if the Society should at any time convert the garden
into buildings for habitation, or to any other uses save such as

were necessary for a Physie Garden, it should be lawful for
Sir Hans Sloane, his heirs and assigns to enter upon the premises
and hold them for the use and benefit of and in trust for the
Ro oyal E or if that body refused ico — the duties entailed,
then in trust for the College of Physicians of London, subject to
the same vendidos as those aliy charged on the Apothe-
caries.

In spite of these very clearly-expressed intentions on the part

of Sir Hans Sloane, who may in a sense be regarded as the
“pious founder" of the garden, on several occasions the alienation
of the place to other ses has been distinctly contemplated.

r purpo

In 1893 the Apothecaries formally applied to the Charity Com-
missioners with the intention of getting their trusteeship dis-
continued. In the absence of any Sore Some Ll aes
rises to the garden (with the ee of two bequests of
£200 and £100 respectively) the cost of m stia fell heavily
on their corporate revenues. Moreover, it was ur on their
behalf that, as a botanic Cei the place er neither merit
nor attraction, a nd that it was impossible to galvanize it into a
state of active A: Ver taion re Thes had carried it on
of recent years, they said, only in the hope that it might be
utilized for other purposes, and because of its potential value, the
latter being the reason why rather than relinquish it they would
prefer to a Be it to become a wilderness. In this connection, it
may be mentioned that the value of the site, which extends to
about 3} acres, is estimated at fully £50,000 as a freehold
property.

196

After the Society's application proceedings were delayed for a
few years pending the report of the Gresham University Com-
mission, but in 1897 the whole question was thoroughly thrashed
out by a Treasury committee, consisting of Sir Henry Longley,

purposes of its original foundation, and the extent to which those

purposes are within the range of the scientific requirements of

the present day. They came to the conclusion that the place is

still fitted for botanical uses. With an airy and open position, it

is well set up to the south, and, if the ground shows signs 0
8

soil, they were informed, is distinctly superior for botanical
purposes to that of Kew Gardens, which, by the way, it is

be devoted to serious scientific and educational purposes, and not
given up to the perambulators of the nursemaid or the fantasies

to make any permanent appropriation of funds for such an object,
they foresaw that the fact of its being maintained out of local

tion were undertaken by a Government Department, Parliamentary

would not only be free from popular influences likely to impair
the educational value of the garden, but would also represent both
the Imperial and local elements of the original trust. E
e arrangement proposed on these lines by the committee was
considerably modified because the trustees of the London parochial —
charities found themselves able to take a much larger share in the

administration of the garden than was at first expected. In the

197

scheme sanctioned by ihe Charity Commission the trustees of the

o
trustees of the London parochial charities, and one each by the
Treasury, the Lord President of ihe Council, the Technical
Education Board of the County Council, the Royal Society, the
Phaensecutiosl Society, the University of London, and the Society

the promotion of the study of botany, with special vetu ce to
the requirements of general education, scientific instruction and
research in botany Se ern vegetable physiology) and instruc-
tion in technical arm cology a as far as the culture of medicinal

ed for th

and experimental teaching with the aid of botanical as ns,
while a physiological laboratory with appliances um demonstration
and Serco may also be provided. In ge ort of the een
the trustees are to contribute out of the income of the City
Parochial Foundation an annual sum not poly £800, together
with such an amount of capital for the equipment of the garden
and buildings as may be agreed upon with the Charity Commis-
sioners. In return the students of institutions receiving aid from
the London parochial charities are eligible for admission without
. So long, too, as not less than £150 is „paid annually to the
trustees out of moneys el provided by Parliament, the
same privilege is se to the Royal College of Science, and
its students, professors and chee are to be entitled to use for
purposes of teaching or research the garden, botanical collections,
d lecture rooms for not less than three hours on each day
between April 1 and et 31, and on two days of the week
during p rest of the year. In other cases the Pul for admission
and the fees (if any) to pé charged are within the discretion of the
en of management, subject to the approval of the Charity

Commissioners."

Uganda — —The following note deserves recording, if
only to commemorate the late Capt. B. L. Sclater, Eu who
Pees a : "d promise in opening up the access to Uganda
from the coast, and added one more name to the band of
distinguished men who have perished in the work of African
pioneering.

The promised specimens were never destined to reach Kew.
But there is little doubt that the Juniper referred to is Juniperus

rocera, Hochst. Roth says of it on the label of an Abyssinian
specimen in the Kew Herbarium :—* Arbor (i atimia; sylvas
ang unica e familia Coniferarum. Lignum usitatissi-
mü The other Conifer is most probably a Podocarpus. i

198

EXTRACT from Captain B. L. Sclater's letter, dated Eldoma, Mau
Escarpment, British East Africa, April 9th, 1896, to. Mr. P. L.
Sclater, F.R.§

* [ think 1 told y you about the Juniper forests on the top of the
Kedony Escarpment. The forests to the north of Lake Naivasha
are of the same Juniper, and we are building the bridge over the
Morendal with it. 1t is also — n M and I have
seen large trees 200 feet high, and a t 8 feet in diameter at
the base. There is also another a ar ge demie more like
a pine, which grows to a good size. There are plenty of young
junipers here, but I have not yet been able to find cones of either
sort. Please let me know if t they are known at Kew, as I can
easily send — — ' of the wood and leaves. I will get
the cones if Ic

Mr. Alexander Whyte, F.L.S., Curator of the Botanic Station,
Uganda, writes, January 20th, 1899 .—

“The juniper is a most excellent timber, and will prove a
source of revenue now that the railway is nearly up to the Nirobi
forests. Sclater’s bridges are made of it, and they are as good as
the day they were erected."

Soudan Products. RM little is Ban at present as
to the available resources of the Soudan. The following pre-
liminary account appears in the "Board of rade Journal for July
of the present year (pp. 30, 31) :—

The Foreign Office net ers through H.M. Agent and
Consul-General at Cai ort by Sir William Garstin,
K.C.M.G., on the MD ond: of. which the following i8
an extract

ER very > posable source of future wealth to the Soudan lies in
the = forests which line the banks of the Upper Blue Nile
and extend, in an easterly direction, to the Abyssinian frontier.
In the "Bahr-el- Ghazal Province also, particularly in the Bongo
country, weis forest tracts exist.

ony tree (Dalbergia —— is met with south

of €— on the Blue Nile, and again in the vicinity of the
Sobat K This tree does not , in these attddés, attain to a
very ih. girth, 9 inches being apparently its maximum dia-

eter. It must, however, be very common in these forests, a8
most of the principal houses in Omdurman are roofed with it.
The value of Acacia arabica, from which the white and red
gum is obtained, is well known ; ; while the other kinds of
acacia, such as Acacia nilotica (in Arabie, “ Sant”), are the chief
source of the fuel supply. o

mboo is met with in the ranges of hills to the south

of Famaka, and, according to some, “mahogany ” is found in

a good and Sree timber tree can

199

discovered in the Blue 2e forests ed can be floated down the

river to Egypt, a large source of revenue will undoubtedly have
een foun Extensive dini might be erected at Assouan,
utilising the power available at the dam, n nder construc-

e m, now u
ion, and an important timber trade might one day arise. -
n the White Nile, in the Bongo and Rohl districts, the
india-rubber creeper (Landolphia florida) is found eat
profusion. If the rubber yielded by this creeper be not of quite

tree (Ficus elastica), it is still of sufficient value to be counted
as an important asset in the future trade of the Soudan. This
plant, which has large Jie an ed leaves, and a white flower
resembling a jasmine, requires several m to mature before
yielding rubber in any quantity. The natives obtain what they

permit of ee tapping, its yield is so valuable (about 3/.
per tree per annum) that its introduction into the country is

Itis very much to be hoped that a — examination of
the vam forests Sega ere long be c carried out under the super-
n expert n In

render good s e by advising the Government as to the best
method p Diese the valable fuel supply which at present
exists on the banks of both rivers. This supply, although
pparently inexhaustible, must "gpeedily diminish, unless the
eutting and felling of the areas is carried out upon some sees
8 i i it o ey

replaciug those cut down. It is, of course, inevitable at pre-
sent that the felling should be carried out in a wasteful manner.
Fatigue parties are landed from the boats, and are required to
cut be a C amount of wood in the shortest possible time.
The n have no idea of the value of the trees, and naturally
delest those which are nearest to the water and easiest cut.
Should this practice be continued, it is certain that a few years
must see a great diminution in the belt adjacent to the river.
On the Blue Nile even the valuable gum-producing acacias are
being felled for fuel.”

Cochin China Gutta-Percha.—Enquiries having been made as to
oan product and the plant producing ' it, the following = is
roduced from th Kos Repent or 1881 (pp. 45, 4
er L. Pierre, [late] Director of the Botanic Garden, Saigon,
gives in the Excursions eat E un ii. = published by
the French Colonial Government at Saigon resting account
of the gutta-percha desvod from Dichopsis. ee Pierre in

200

Beauvis, Contr. Gutta-Percha 60, t. 1), which appears d be a
source of one of the inferior qualities met with in commer As
the LU og appears difficult of access in Europe, I qud his
remarks
“ This tree furnishes a large quantity of a milky juice, which

yields a ene of inferior quality, judging from experiments made
by experts in Paris. It must be remarked, however, that the
sample experimented on was obtained by the defective method
used by the Cambodians in the manufacture of torches and had
become resinous. The Cambodians sell it to the Chinese, who
export it to Singapore, where it is sold as an inferior kind of
gutta. The product, in fact, en varies in its texture
according to its mode of preparation. milky juice left to
itself and adii yields a whitish atendido which is not
resinous nor glutinous. 'The absence of the last character is an
essential por of good gutta. When on the contrary the milk
is coagu ulated with hot water, it hasa glutinous texture highly
injurious to its commercial value. In this state it is useless,
except to mix with gutta of better quality. To prepare it properly
it should be pour ured into earthern vessels and allowed to slowly
evaporate without the application of any artificial heat. The
process is slow, but it is that which is varta in Malaya in the
od esee ted of the best sorts of gutta." (p. 227

M. Pierre very obligingly nie. a specimen of his
Cochin China plant to the Kew Herbariu Mr. C. B. Clarke
remarks upon it :—“ Seems very near a icles I have made,
* Dichopsis Helferi, on a Tenasserim tree, of which the fruit is
* not known. The leaves do not quite match either in shape or
* in number of nerves, nor are the sepals exactly the same. They
* may be one tree nevertheless.”

Rattan Industry of Rheims.—The following account is extracted
= om the iren States Consular Reports for January, 1898. The
f and rattans is to some extent displacing that of
villows for Bat work. The suggestion has been made that the
species of Calamus which yield rattans and canes might be intro-
duced into the forests E. Vix dE ee Africa, where a few species of
the genus already occu

* Rattan is the name em to more than one hundred species of
climbing eer of the genus Calamus, natives of. inter-tropical

Asia and Africa, most ir “all of which are perennial, simple or — x

unbranched, oyna jointed, very tough and strong, from the
size of a goose quill to the size of the human wrist, and from 50 to
100 feet in length.

In the regions where it grows wild, rattan renders forests in-
accessible by reason of its long, tough, and thorny stems, running
from tree to tree and on the ground. "These stems are used in the

manufacture of numerous articles, the principal among which are

riding sticks, cables, and very strong ropes, and when split in
thin strips, are used for making seats of chairs, baskets, withes |
: and thongs, and all sorts of wicker ware. ;

301

One species of rattan—the Calamus Draco—from which is
extracted a red, resinous substance, is employed for medicinal
pur

Poni India is taken the rattan used in making walking sticks ;
its stem is very long, a little A er 0:29 inch in thickness, with
joints 19:68 to 39:37 inches apar

From Cochin China and ir Sunda Islands uS annually ex-
joel i large quantities of Calamus rudentum, one of the largest
kinds of m used for cables and ropes. Its dist is very lon
and 0°78 inch thick near the middle, and from 1:37 to 1:96 inches
in the lower part, its joints being often 7874 inches distant from

each other. These natural cables are so resistant and strong that,

from the Mieres Draco, the joints of the latter being from 5
62 nn apar

From the Sunda and Philippine mete = taken : (1) the
Calamus equestris, used in the manufac riding sticks, a
vae from 196 to 221 feet in length > no ans than 0:39 inch

n thickness, with its joints 7°87. inches apart; (2) the Calamus
viminalis, a es slimmer than the latter, which is used for
wicker w

The mtüfaptitors of rattan in the consular district of Rhei

buy their raw material in Germany and Holland, whither iti is

First of all, the bark is taken off and is used for making seats
of chairs. The core of the stem is then split into settee thin
pieces and rounded off, when it is ready for making

To whatever use the rattan is put, it must be first E owani
and scraped. If it is desired to bend or plait it, it is softened in

Thi k rat

hot water, to Rigor is eee muriatic acid. ic tan is bent
with light saw cuts, as is done with. piene mouldings.
The output t of the tactorlós of this region is men consumed

in the neighbouring territory and sold to wicker workers residing
therein; the balance is purchased by Paris and a few London
firms

ms.
There are only two important and well-known rattan factories
in this consular district which uo a very Lao aE eck
Raw rattan, taken on board vessels in Fre sells as
follows : First quality, $15.44, sent seed MAS d: 51, per 100
kilograms (220.46 pounds.)
HENRY P. DU BELLET,
Rheims, November 27, 1897. Consul.

. Sugar-cane in Sandwich Islands.—In the competition between
the sugar-cane and the bounty-fed Se root it can hardly be
doubted that with the increased amount of solar energy available
= the tropics, the sugar-cane ought to: hold its own, if the same
ientific resources were brought to bear on its improvement and
out vat él. In other words, the s sugar-cane industry will have to
e reorgani nised. What has been done in this direction in Queens-
land is touched upon in the Kew Bulletin for 1897, p. 96. The

202

following extract from Mr. Acting Consul- rime ei s Report
on the Trade o of the Hawaiian Islands for the y 1897 (Foreign

Office, Annual Series, 2193, pp. 7 » 8), € gives an feereting account
of the state of their sugar industry

“The sugar industry of the Islands prospered during ‘the year
1897, all the plantations paying large dividends.

Although the financial success of the sugar business 1s largely
due to the treaty of reciprocity with the United States, there can
be no doubt that a considerable measure of it is also due to the
intelligent systems which have been adopted by the planting
apes n SN and to the iseedisntion of improved methods of
agricultu es manufactur

A fe s ago the sugar ee of the Islands formed them-
selves iioc s association, and established a laboratory and
experimental station, from whic h much benefit has been derived.
The director of this association makes periodical visits to the
plantations, and prescribes such fertilisers as may be required,
zer a — ANIM: s > soils has been made by the chemists

f the asso nalyses of all fertilisers used by the

is ey us = en, by the manufacturers, who are not — D

paid until their goods pass the tests made for the buyers. In this
way fraud and careless manufacture are checked, and the planters
ed.

After much experimenting it Has bee REG decided that the —
the

most effective machine for the extraction of the juice from the
cane is the * nine-roll-mill," which is made up of pem three-roll-
mills, so that the cane is pressed six times,and on its passage
from one mill to the next it is subjected to “ eine d
means of a stream of hot water, which assists in forcing the cane

to yield its juice. The rollers of these mills vary in size, but the 5

n r i
vids though er mills in use and now being erected have

y
the National Shredders are used in several factories in front of

the mills, and they are ir en to do good work in the prepara- s

tion of the cane for the r

Clarification of juice Na the Deming apparatus is gradually E
extending, and crystallisation in motion is now pede the

attention Sa those interested in the introduction of what
amo ont the an velties of sugar-maki

` Amongst the advantages claimed for the Deming system by
those acquainted with its "ON are, that it economises from |

203

25 to 33 per cent. over the open vienne and secures better results,
that it is nearly automatie, one man easily operating all its parts,
and that the saving in labour osi exceeds 10 per cent. on a sum
twice greater than the total cost of the system.

Chemical control in the sugar houses is still somewhat ghee
although there are marked indications of a desire on the part of
mill managers to have resident chemists to check all losses,”

Ceroxylon andicola.—Mr. R. B. White, an old correspondent of
Kew, sends the following interesting account of what appears to
be a well-marked local variety of this palm :—

MR. R. B. WHITE to ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

Tulua, Department of Cau
Republic of Oslomkis;
DEAR SIR, December 1st, 1897.

I SEND you by parcel post some seeds of what I believe to
be an interesting variety of Ceroxi Lt andicola. This palm, as
Bas know, is found only in the Cent ndes. = inferior limit

s 7,000 ft. with a mean Re of 60°, but it is most
abundant at 8 ,000 to 9,000 ft. with a temperature of 55° to 57°.
m of which 1 send you s seed is found in the Western
Ande s 60 piles south of Cali, in the valley of Cajamarca on the
Pacific watershed. It is most abundant at an elevation of 5,500 ft.
a mean beh a of 67° to 68°. Good sugar-cane grows
alongside of it
The flo owers, fruit, hoe are similar to those of C. andicola, but
the tree is very distin It has no base of fasciculated rootlets as
andicola has, but rin clear feo om the ground. The stem is
slighter and not so tall as andicola, and I should say that 150 ft. _
is the average height. The leaves are 20-25 ft. long, but much _
slighter and lighter than andicola, and there is only just sufficient
white scale on the underside of the pinnz to give them a whitish
colour. Whilst the leaf is not fully formed and hardened the
pinne are joined together at the points by a slender thread, as in
some Attaleas and iere and I have not noticed this peculiarity
in undicola. The wax which coats the stem is as abundant as
in andicola, but rien different in composition ; it has an agree-
able à when rubbed or burned which the wax of andicola
has n it is more brittle, ien would seem to indicate a
larger Proportion of resin. I send you a small sample, = if ite
nd it to be worth experimen dng upon I can send mor
The resinous und fatty matters ought, I think, to be Gitna
separately.
The fact of this paim growing in a warmer climate ought to
make its acclimatisation easier, and it may turn out to be more
> le t andicola.

I should mention that the farinaceous pulp within the rind
covering the seeds is slightly bitter, but the hogs do not mind
this and avidly devour the whole ms and fatten well upon it.

A palm yields here about 800 1 8. of fruit in two flowerings
annually. In other countries it sing only flower once, producing,

204

say, 400 Ibs. Being equal to maize for fattening pigs, these 400 Ibs
are worth $3.20, supposing ee to be worth 80 cents per 100 Iba.
The hogs pick up the fallen fru
The palms may be climbed as i they climb coco palms, and the
wax scraped off. Here the 2E s down the palms, and each one
yields from 15 to 25 Ibs. of w
When mixed with tallow and made into candles the wax of
andicola gives a bad smell to the smoke, which I do not think
would happen with the wax of the Cajamarca palm
It may be that the prehistoric aborigines acclimatised andicola
in the Western Cordillera and so produced this v
a new pocion, a fair name for it would be Da GIL andicola
occidenta
I shall Eis to hear what you think = ie palm.
n, &c.
( Bigned)- ROBERT B. WHITE.
The ion, Royal Gardens, Kew.

ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

BULLETIN

OF

MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION,

Nos. 155-156.] NOVEMBER and DECEMBER. (1899.

DCLXI—JARRAH AND KARRI.

THE use of the two ot Australian woods, Jarrah and Karri
especially for w ood paving, has agr the subject of several articles
in the Kew Bulletin (1890, p 188-190; 1893, pp. 338, 339;
1897, pp. eg age ge Ar 72-75 5).

he deman timbers has continuously increased.
They are not re aban in the Colony of Western Australia,
and the extent of the forests producing them and the consequent
available supply are matters of some interest. These points were
fully discussed by Mr. J. Ednie-Brown, the Conservator of Forests
for the somar (whose death has, unhappily, recently occurred),
in his Report upon the Forests Ad —- Australia, The first
edition published in 1896 havi exhausted, a second was
issued in 1899. As it is not ma ma me in this country,
the following accounts of Jarrah and Karri are extracted from it
(pp. 10-15).

It may be noted that the Timber Museum of the Royal Botanic
Gardens (No. III.) contains a magnificent log of Jarrah, weighing
nearly five tons, which was shown at the d and Indian
Exhibition, It also contains a log of Karri exposed between high
and low-water mark in Western Australia for E 49 years, and still
in good condition. This is noteworthy, as it will be seen there
is some doubt as to its capacity for resisting decay under such
conditions.

* Within the last three years the Colony, from an indefinite and
comparatively little-known market, has bounded into . m =
export timber trade with most parts of the world.
very large exporters of timber ^ America, India, the Kontinent
of Europe, and, of course, to Great Britain ; and there are signs
ken before long we shall "rie considerable dealings in this way
progressive China an
‘fon nearly all the ma d more particularly in England,
there has arisen a wonderful demand for * Australian Hard Woods,"
which, to a large extent, means those of Jarrah and Karri; and

3857—1375—10/99 Wt44 D&S 29 A

206

as the trees of these kinds are purely endemic to this Colony, it
follows that most of the quotations bearing this name refer only
to the timbers of Western Australia. This fact is most satisfactory,
and points emphatically to the valu ue of our forests, and how
necessary it is that they should be properly weet after by
systematic conservation in order to ensure their permanency.

Our ti s from some cause seem to meet the requirements of

e u
Australia, apart altogether from the fact of their undoubted
excellence, is that large quantities of the same kind of tree can
be obtained from considerable areas without any material inter-
mixture of other kinds. This fact is, of course, of very great
advantage to timber getters, in that it tends to very materially
lessen the working expenses of moving machinery, and all the
other expenses incurred in rb diti with the securing of large
quantities of one particular kind of timber. Our timber trees are
chiefly gregarious. This is, fortunately, particularly the case with
the two principal kinds, Jarrah and Karri, although, as a rule, the
former is always found torming a sort of fringe to the latter, but
never the latter to the former. This peculiarity of specially
marked habitats for specific trees is a distinctive feature of the
forests of Western Australia, and, as I have already indicated, ig
one of the points of strength i in the disposal of her timbers
Something over one million acres of forest land have now been
leased from the Government for the purpose of acquiring the
timber upon them. This is chiefly Jarrah country, and embraces
some of the finest forests of that pa mee kind of tree. li
has been taken up in blocks ranging in Pose one to over
one hundred thousand acres, and, althoug x pue mall portion —
of the whole is as yet being worked, the probabilities in this —
respect in the near future are immense, and will soon reach —
fabulous figures. At present there are only some forty saw mills —
at full work in our forests, but even in connection with these os
following interesting figures have been collected :—Stre
power of mills, two er five hundred and fifty-four horse! z
power ; number of all persons employed in connection with the
working of the mills, two thousand five hundred and eighty ;
number of horses and bull res focis ed upon the works,
one thousand eight hundred and forty-seven; and length of
private tramways and railways on the various properties, two —
hundred and fifty miles. Altogether it is calculated that, including — |
their families, there is something like one-thirtieth of the popula- deb
tion of the Colony dependent upon the timber industry for = d
support. This is gradually increasing, so that it will be seen -
that forests play a very important part in the welfare of ge E

A Department of Woods and Forests has now been pretty well E.
id: and its general usefulness as regards the control and 2
management of this enormous natural wealth of the tim
| the is begin ized

207

JARRAH.

(Eucalyptus marginata, Sm.)

This is without ike the principa! timber tree in the Western
Australi forests. It is predominant above all others in its extent
of forest, the various a to whieh it is or can be applied, the
part which it is now taking in the des vod export of the
Colony, and the esteem in which it is held in the country.
Jarrah and Western Australia are aliod s syHofynichs words, and,
as this has been the case from the earliest days of the foundation
of the Colony, so it will remain as ne as a Jarrah forest exists.

lea

emphasise the fact that Jarrah is the mm iis eie timber
of this part of the Australian Contin There are other timbers
in our forests which are equally. if dd more, pores for peers

wn special purposes, but for general constructive works, neces-
ee Salnt with soil and water, the timber of this tree Bands
foremost.

au specific name (marginata) refers to the thickened margin
of the leaves, and the vernacular is the name given to the species
by the aborigines. In some districts the tree is known to the
settlers as the * mahogany gum

Taken as a whole, there is ei particularly picturesque
about the appearance of a Jarrah tree or
general eftect of the species edi masse is dull, sombr d u
interesting tothe eye. Except in special spots and localities, ai
trees are rugged and decidedly inclined to be straggling and
bran nchy. In this respect they differ very materially from the
Karri, which is almost invariably a fine straight tree and com-
paratively free from branches except at the top. In general

colonies as the “stringy-bark.” Its likeness to the species of
Eucalyptus so-called is very marked. The bark is persistent,
fibrous, and of a dark grey vie although more deeply indented
in its longitudinal furrows than a true stringy-bark.

It is not uncommon to find considerable areas of Jarrah forest
where many of the matured trees attain heights of from 90 feet
to 120 feet, with good stems 3 feet to 5 feet in diameter, and
50 feet to 60 ace to the first branch. Such > would be
described as first-class Jarrah forest. Taking verage, how
ever, of ia fures, I think a Jarrah tree SER a BOUE healthy
stamp, and one representing a fair specimen of its kind, would run
about 90 feet to 100 feet in height, and from 24 feet to 34 feet in
diameter at the base. Under such conditons and in fairly
favourable situations, trees of this size might be expected to
sound and convertible into good marketable timber without much
waste. Of course, in places there are individual trees to be met
with the measurements of which run into figures far in excess of
those just mentioned, and one or two of these may be cited as
indicative of the possibilities of the tree as regards size and wealth
of timber. One, about three miles west of the old * Wellington

3857 A 2

208

Mill," upon the * Ferguson River," measured 22 feet in circum-
ference at 5 feet up from the ground, and 80 feet to the first
ranch. It is a fine, straight, handsome tree, apparently perfectly
sound, and would turn out at least 20 loads of good sawn timber.
Another large specimen on the * Ferguson " area was 21 feet in
circumference at 4 feet from the Deka and 75 feetto the first
branch. nd yet another, this time in the “ Ironpot ” area,
measured 22 feet in nn at 4 e up, and 60 feet to the
first limb. These few insta of the actual measurements of
large Jarrah trees will show p Wilke an er size the species
will sometimes attain, under what must, of course, be favourable
circumstances.

As regards the age of the tree siu it has attained a diameter
of about 2 feet, or has reached that stage when it may be con-
sidered fit for the saw mill, I have gone carefully into this
question by having pet cut down and their concentric r rings
counted, and have come to the conclusion that in good situations
it will attain this size when about 40 or 50 years of age.

o far as my observations have extended, the Jarrah is con-
fined in its distribution to what is known as the South-western
Division of the Colony, and this, I understand, is practically its

eographical limits. This district lies along the western coast of
the Colony, between latitudes 31 degrees and 35 degrees south,
and longitude 115 degrees and 119 degrees east. This means a
stretch of country extending nearly 350 miles running north and
south, and from 50 to 100 miles east and west, and embraces all
that portion of the country upon which the heaviest rains of the
season fall, which measure 40 inches in the south and 35 inches
in the north. An average of 10 years shows the rainfall of this,
the atare . of the Colony, as 38 inches

The J s purely a semi-coastal tree, by Which I mean that
it is not be as nywhere strictly beyond the influence of the sea,
and yet is not at all partial to the direct effects of the rn
Perhaps the best forests of the species are found from 20 to 30
miles off the coastal line. Whether this fact is only co- Meus
with the heavy rainfall district, and whether, with an equal rain-
fall more inland, the result of growth would be equally as good
as ye the coast, I am not prepared to say.

The principal habitat of the tree is therefore along the table-
lands and slopes of the Darling Range, which runs through nearly
the whole of the en pex et the best areas of
Jarrah lie along that portion of this e from the Blackwood
River north to the filia: River, with t the oie portions mid- |
way between these two points. In all cases it delights in an
ironstone formation, and it would almost appear as though the

rougher Se site and the more it is composed of ironstone rocks

| ba of almost any other vegetation, the better the tree will
grow. ti is certainly beyond a doubt that, under such circum-
stances, the timber attains its greatest degree of soundness,
strength, and general durability. "There are, it is Mbps some fine
belts and patches of Jarrah forest to be found upon many of the
lower-lying portions of the district referred to, where the geo-
logical formation of these is composed of ironstone, as, for
instance, in the country lying between — and ur
the timber r is good in every respect.

tour

209

It is indeed —— by some and denied by others that the
timber grown on the flats is superior in its lasting qualities to
that grown on the hills, but = wants further verification before
being accepted as a fact. I may, however, state that I have seen

ome specimens of the rer ‘which had been cut from trees
grown on the flats, which were in an apparently sound condition
after having been in the ground and water for over 40 years. It
is very noticeable that as soon as a granite formation comes in, the
Jarrah forest will fall off to a mere scrub, if it does not disappear
altogether. This is a well-known fact to those who have travelled
through these forests.

The late Baron Sir F. von Mueller, the great and well-known
botanist of Victoria, said “the Jarrah is famed for its indestructible
wood, which is neither attacked by the borings of the Chelura,
Teredo nor Termite.” Its resistance to white ants is remarkable,
and houses built of the wood when thoroughly seasoned are
almost | and have been known to exist in perfect
preservation for nearly 100 years. It gets extremely hard with
age, and then becomes almost unworkable, even strong nails

for outside works. Should any decay or destruction have occurred
in the timber after having been years in use, it will always be
found that this is Eee to the sap-wood, which therefore ought
en to be avoided in the construction of houses or in other
orks of a permanent character. Unfortunately, sufficient atten-
Gori is not always paid to the seasoning of the timber, and henc

it should be specially d ‘otherwise there will be much
warping, buckling, and satisfactory floor altogether; =
seasoned before basig laid, howetén a better floor could n
exist.

The weight of the wood, when a cut, is a little over is Ibs.
per cubic foot, which is reduc o 60 Ibs. when thoro ughly
seasoned. It is red in colour, pollos well, and is comparatively
easily worked.

Some of the principal uses to which it is as yet applied are as
follows :—wood- Bonie arise jetties, bridges, boat-building,
posts, furniture and railway sleepers. It makes the best charcoal
of any timber in the eed Its adaptability for all kinds of
out-door work is well known, and hence it is considered the
staple timber of Western Australia. The ny of is A oan

or

there are specimens which have been obtained from piles and
girders 60 years old. These were driven and used in local har-
bours and bridges. When obtained for the department, the timber

appeared to be perfectly sound and free from any signs of decay
whatever ; if anything, the wood seemed to be harder, more solid,
and apparently more durable than fioeti y «ut timber. At all
events, it Fr capable of standing wear en r for 100 years

210

into cups, card cases and other articles, and the polish which they
have taken on is equal to,if it does not surpass, the finest old
mahogany.

The records of this timber having lasted in the ground as
fence-posts are almost without number, and need not therefore
be particularised here. There are instances of railway sleepers
which were laid down 18 years ago and still appear as sound as

ver.

KARRI.

(Eucalyptus diversicolor, F. Muell.)

This is the giant tree of Western Australia, if not of the whole
Aust a ee The latter remark is, however, disputed,
but the a on is made without much en of contradiction.
It is not en seien MEGA n a8 the Jarrah, owing to the limited field
of its — and the, at present, comparative inaccessibility of
its haun
ate Baron von Mueller was ze first to give this tree its
Sack ‘appellation (diversicolor), and this we are told by him
nce to the paleness of the leaves upon their lower
Sn ee ed Wb eucalypts generally. The common or
cular name is the aboriginal designation of the tree.
des its young stage it can hardly be beaten as a highly ornamental
tree, being regular in its growth, straight and umbrageous, it8
leaves changing in a few years from oval to the long broad ones
which mark its more matured condition. "There is no doubt that
this is the finest and most graceful tree in the Australian forests.
hen mature, and attained to large dimensions, its appearance
is grand in the extreme, and in this respect at least puts the
Mun far into the shade. The trees are almost always of straight
growth, and tower skywards for great heights without having
even the semblance of a branch. So marked are they in these
respects that they look like a mass of upright candles. The bark
ellow-white in appearance, but not persistent like the
Jarrah, It therefore peels off in flakes each year, and thus the
tree has always a clean bright appearance. In consequence of
this it is frequently spoken of as a “white gum,” although
generally Aus as the mi

an average tree may be put down at 200 feet in height, 4 feet
in diameter at 3 to 4 feet from the ground, and about 120 to
150 feet to the vg branch. "Trees of this size are Vendi sound
in every respect, and may be expected to turn oui timber free
from the usual A y r ot dry rot, gum veins, &c., to which large
trees are usually subject. Trees of this size are what one usually
meets with in the Karri forests, but much larger specimens are,
of course, run against now and a again. For instance, on the
Warren River, it is not unusual to meet with trees 300 feet =
extreme height, g 180 feet in height to the first limb, and 3
from 20 to ircumference at the base. Of course, these :

are exceptional casos, but rures udi

211

The finest tree of this kind which I came across was at Karridale
M. C. Davies & Co.) This is called “King Karri,” and the
following are some measurements taken in connection with this
great specimen :

34 feet in circumference at 3 feet from the ground.
160 feet to the first branch.

14 feet in prac tloenee at the first limb.

Over 200 feet in extreme height.

From these figures it will be seen that the bole of this tree
from the bottom to the first limb contains nearly 6,000 cubic
feet of timber. This means a weight of over 40 tons in all; that
it would take one of our ordinary mills at least four days to
convert it into sawn stuff; and it would form about a quarter

i
f our present eo timber trade. These figures speak for
themselves. I question if there could be found appliances in the
Colony at = ones moment to deal with this forest monarc

The Karr a very rapid grower and soon attains a great
height and considerable dimensions of timber. I had several
cut aas with the object of counting the aaie rings in the

wood, and of iaki some measurements and observations in
regar rd to the e irem generally. The following may be taken as
an average of thes

A tree on the Ai from Giblet's to the Vasse road was felled.
It looked like a sapling in comparison with the surrounding
members of the forest.

The measurements, however, were :—

Height of whole tre we A09 Ib.
Height to top of availafte timber... c OUT
Thickness of bar 4 in.
any 2 2 ft. 7 in. from the ground .. 1 ft. 114 in.
Age of tree, judging from the concentric rings, 35 years.
Contents of tree, say 175 cubic feet of timber.

We thus see that a forest of marketable Karri can be produced
in E scs term of from o 40 years.

It is certainly a matter of local record that some years ago a
a on the “ Warren” lived and partially raised a small
family in the hollow of one of these fallen monarchs. It appears
that the tree was hollow and a and was afterwards further
worked out and lined by the enterprising settler as a dwelling
for his family until such time as he was in a position to build
the modern edifice which now a not far from the site or
remains of the primitive habitation. The old tree was destroyed
by a recent bush fire. This specimen was said = be over 300 feet
in length some 12 feet in diameter at the I

The is strietly confined in its range to ‘the south-western
portions of the great South-Western Division of the Colony, or
that part lying between Cape Hamelin on the west and the
Torbay Estate near Albany on the east. Its nn area lies
within longitudes es 115 degrees and 118 degrees east, and ne
34 degrees and 35 degrees south. This part of the untry

comprises the more humid portions of the temperate re of

212

Western Australia, where the annual rainfall is from 35 to
40 eim 80 that one en safely say the tree u in plenty
of moisture. The region is purely coastal, and is very distinet in
its general physica features been anything e is in this way in
the Col Here we find i nse forests of trees of straight
and Nonderfil vd petiit Lo of a rich soil, Sees and spongy.
The country is sufficiently undulating to make it in some parts
what may be termed hilly, but not difficult of nee PE by road or
iram. In some instances we find the tree fairly close to the sea-
coast, but in such cases it is scraggy, stag-horned, and branchy,
and therefore not desirable for the saw-mill, or readily convertible
into timber for marketable purposes. Still it is, undoubtedly,
denial, a coastal tree, but yet shy of actual contact with strong
direct sea breezes. In this respect it perhaps also resembles the
arrah, if not the Hucalyptus genus genera

From aneroid readings, I found that the best Karri forests (that

is, as regards size, soundness, and health of individual specimens)
to be found at elevations of from 300 to 600 feet above the
level of the sea. This I found a fairly correct observation
applicable to the whole area.

The timber is red in colour, and has very much the appearance
of Jarrah ; indeed, so like are the two, that it takes a good judge
to distinguish them. It is hard, heavy, elastic, and tough, but
cannot be wrought so easily. For underground or water works
the timber is certainly inferior to some other kinds, espe to
Jarrah ; there can be no doubt about this fact, which has bee
ieitimiAAensn dine after‘ time in the Colony. Still, it is only
fair to say that instances have been brought under my notice
where posts and slabs of the timber = been known to have

san at in regard to this tim However, as may be seen

tensile, mime and breaking strength, it is a timber of a very
high order. We must, therefore, pending other and more general
experiments, look upon the Karri timber as one best suited for
superstructural works. For bridge pax. "inia spokes,
felloes, and large planking of any sort, flooring, general waggon
work, beams, it is unequalled in this Colony. In Fe strength
it is very much stronger than Jarrah ; and for works requiring
the bearing of considerable es such as bridges, eds rafters,
beams of various TN it is of great value. In our railway
sheds the wood is no uch in use for the ee of
TRES. P. all sorts. Tt uiuis laterally, but not to any great
degree a longitudinal direction. Altogether the timber is
a most uin one. For street blocking it is most valuable, and
for this purpose seems to be equal to, if not better than, the

not render it so slippery for the horses' feet.

this timber is now largely exported for the London street paving.

It is also finding a ready sale in South Africa for mining
purposes.

213

DCLXIL—MAROMBA VINE DISEASE IN PORTUGAL.

The following E relates to a disease which as
made its appearance in the North of Port tugal. It is undoubted
serious, but it should’ pó possible to keep it in check if Petite
attacked :—

FOREIGN OFFICE to ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

THE Under Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs presents his
compliments to the Director of the Royal Gardens at Kew, and is
directed by the Secretary of State for Fore eign Affairs to transmit
= him the accompanying paper respecting the vine disease in
ortugal.

Foreign Office, July 14, 1899.

(Enclosure.)

HER BRITANNIC MAJESTY’S MINISTER PLENIPOTENTIARY,
LISBON, to FOREIGN OFFICE.

My Lor Lisbon, July 7, 1899.

I NN ‘the honour to report that most disquieting news comes
from the vine districts of the North of Portugal in consequence
of the ravages of the “ Maromba,” which has appeared in nearly
every vineyard of the Douro region.

The * Maromba " is a parasitic disease, the course of which was
noted some four years ago by Monsieur Alfred Lecocq, when it
first made its appearance in Portugal in a mild form

As yet no definite remedy has been hit upon to counteract
the evil or prevent its extension, but experiments are being
actively made in the district, particularly on the estates belonging
to the Crown.

f the most troublesome features of this disease is that it
attacks all classes of vines, including the American, while in some
localities it has even affected the chestnut and almond plantations.

l endeavour to obtain more detailed information from
competent experts.

I have, &c.,
H. G. MACDONELL.

The Marquess of Salisbury, K.G.,

&c. &c., &c.

HER BRITANNIC MAJESTY'S MINISTER PLENIPOTENTIARY,
LISBON, to FOREIGN OFFICE.

My Lorp, Lisbon, August 30, 1899.
WITH reference to my despatch, No. 30, Commercial, of the
7th ultimo, and to Your Lordship’s despatch, No. 13, Commercial,
of the 22nd ultimo, I Ne the honour to report that the Director
of the Portuguese Boyal Association of Agriculture has been

214

able to procure some specimens illustrating the vine disease
* Mar ouia " that has been prevalent in the Douro district for
some tim

These specimens have been forwarded to-day by the steamship
“Arab” to Southampton, to be transmitted direct to Kew Gardens,
and I have informed the Director of their despatch.

any experiments have recently been made in this country in
the hope of discovering a remedy for this disease. The most
successful appears to be the use of sulphate of copper, sulphur,
and lime, for powdering the vines, but there is great uncertainty
as to the best method of treatment.

Should, therefore, Fes scs reach Kew Gardens in good
condition, it is hoped the Curators will be able to make some
experiments, as their pido on the disease would, I am sure, be
greatly valued by the Portuguese Agricultural Society.

I have, &oc.,
H. G. MACDONELL.
The Marquess of Salisbury, K.G.,
e., &c., &c.

REPORT.

he living vine, forwarded to Kew for investigation, arrived in

esta Mgr and enabled a thorough nn exami-
nation, also cultures from various parts to be undertake

The result of moli examination proves conclusively ‘that the
disease is caused by a parasitic fungus, which in the first instance
attacks the younger root branches, extendin pes thence into
the thicker branches, and finally attacking the collar of the stem.

The mycelium first appears in the vessels of the root, which not
unfrequently become filled with a dense weft of slender colour-
less hyphae. From thence the mycelium extends to the adjacent
tissues, eis the cells and causing a brown colouration of the
attacked parts. The contents of cells attacked by the mycia
assume a Vides form, being at first nee. finally clear
brown. These spheres become ruby red when treated with an
alcoholic rient of alkannin, and blackish brown wid a one per
cent. solution — acid, thus proving the oleaginous nature
of their se

Portions of the. vet placed in a damp chamber soon became
covered with white cottony mycelium, which gradually changed
to a brown colour and pussed into slender cord-like strands or
op

Numerous fasciculate conidiophores bearing very minu ute
— ees conidia were also Circe from blackish micro-

rotia immersed in the bark of the root.

"The kicker form of fruit has not been observed, as this is pro-

duced only on old and very a decayed portions of diseased
th i

Lee hence the name of ungus cannot be given with
- nevertheless the general habit and morphology of the
| facis BÀ its location in the root, the a of radiati action =

cvs — and tis — eoi er

215

not identical with, Rosellinia necatrix
phora necatrix, Hartig), a parasitic fungus too well known ^ the
cause of a root disease in German and French vineyards.

indicate that the fungus under consideration is closely allied to, if
d (Demato-

Rosellinia necatrix possesses the power, periph to the
Maromba fungus, of attacking the roots of almost every kind of
plant with which its mycelium comes into sone and, when

of the underground rhizomorphs, which radiate in all directions
in the soil from each root that is attacked.

Preventive measures.—Carbon bisulphide has proved to be a
most effective remedy in preventing the spread of subterranean
mycelium. Holes are made in the soil about 1 ft. deep, 1 it.
distant from the stem of the vine, and 2 ft. apart laterally ; half
an ounce of carbon bisulphide is poured into each hole and closed
immediately with the foot. The holes are made with an iron rod.
This PEOATEGIA in da ae is the most effective agent known

e dis
isolated by means of a trench bont 1 ft. wide aud 9i . deep.
Carbon bisulphide e might be used at intervals as feito ‘above,
on the presumed uninfected side of the trench, as a preventive to
the extension of mycelium that may not have been included by
the trench.
Weeds should not be allowed to remain, as their roots supply
the fungus with food and aid the extension of its mycelium in
the 80 =
ased vines, cue other arcus should be promptly removed

and peer if allowed to remain and decay in situ, preventive
measures are practically of no eis as mycelium and conidia are
being oe produced and diffused from such centres of
infect

Finally good drainage is of p importance ; the under-

ground mycelium extending most rapidl ly and provi ng mos
deiner when stagnant water is pues in the soil.

G. M.

The following peace gives additional information on the
subject of root-dis

Root Diseases caused by Fungi. Kew Bulletin, 1896, pp. 1-5,

pi. x
P. Viala, ne du pourridié des Vignes, &c.
G. Masson, Boulevard Saint-Germain, 120, Pori
J. Dufour, Dema iophðtá necatrix. Chron. Agr. Cant. Vaud.,
12 (1899), No. 4, pp. 87-90.
. Massee, A Text-book of Plant Diseases. Duckworth & Co.,
"London, 1899.

216

DCLXIIL—CHINESE PRINTING BLOCKS.

The Re of Chinese printing blocks has for some rn
time — M attention of this establishment, the

useums hav cently Penner possessed of =. examples
through the E of Mr. W. R. Carles, Her Majesty's Conse
at Foochow, it has been thought of sufficient interest to review
the question in the Bulletin of the Royal Gardens, and hopes are
entertained that specimens of all the woods and blocks prepared
therefrom for this industry, together with dried specimens of the
plants to cde aa determine their botanical origin, may be
forwarded to Kew

Application was first made to the Foreign Office early in April,
1884, for imeem f blocks prepared from the wood of the well-
known Tallow-tree eram ibia Roxb.), which was supposed
to be used for that purpose, and though the matter was kindly taken
up by Mr. Baber, then Chinese Secretary of Her Majesty’s Legation
at Peking, who issued a memorandum for circulation amongst
various of Her Majesty’s Case in China, no specimens came to
hand; later, Dr. A. Henry, to whom the Royal Gardens have
become indebt ed for many interesting and unique donations,
drew further attention to the subject in his * Notes on the
Economie Botany of China," p. 9, under the heading of “ Queries
from w." Such in brief i is the record of an interesting
economie subject of — full particulars are detailed in the
following correspondence :

EXTRACT from letter from Royal Gardens, Kew, to Foreign
Office, dated April 2nd, 1884.

“ The wood of the well-known Tallow-tree (Sapium sebiferum,
Roxb. Stillingia sebifera, Michx.) is one of those sai b
used by the Chinese y printing blocks, and Sir J. D. Hooker
would be ata if one of Her Majesty's Consular Officers in China
could procure specimens of such blocks for the Kew Museum.
He would also like w procure printing blocks in which any other
kinds of wood have been used if only the nature of these can be
authentically determined.
* Sir J ooker has no means of indicating in what parts of
China application for these specimens might be most conveniently
ad has no doubt that Mr. Baber would assist with his
advice as he so kindly did in the case of the enquiries which Earl
Granville was Looney to direct should be made in the case of
Chinese White Wax

FOREIGN OFFICE to ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.
April 24th, 1884.

son letter of the 2nd instant upon the subject of ihe woods
used in China for printing blocks was referred to Mr. E. C. Baber
for his observations and oe a xm I am now directed by
Earl Granville to transmit mpanying draft instruc-
tions to certain of Her Malco 8 er in China which has been —
drawn up by that em vs

217

I am to request that you will lay this draft before Sir J. Hooker
and move him to inform Lord Granville whether it meets with his
concurrence.

I am, &c.,
(Signed) PHILIP W. CURRIE.

Copy OF INSTRUCTIONS addressed to Her Majesty’s Consuls at
Canton, Kiungchow, Fuchow, Tamsui, Shanghai, Hankow,
Chungkiang, and Tientsin.

SIR,

THE Director of the Royal Gardens at Kew being kya
of obtaining some accurate information in regard to the ods
used in China for printing blocks, I am directed by Karl east te
request that you will furnish his Lor ordship with such information
on the subject as you may be able to obtain in your Consular
District aud will forward specimens of blocks for examination.

The wood of the well-known Tallow-tree Sapium Vei b )
Chines urp

to secure the latter object, it would be well to obtain, siad
possible, dried specimens of the trees themselves € grs the
woods, and I am to instruct you to do this where you

A copy of printed instructions issued by Kew Ataona for the
guidance of collectors is transmitted herewith for your u

I have, &c., .
(Signed) E. C. BABER,

EXTRACT from letter from W. R. Carles, Esq. to Royal
ardens, Kew, dated Her Majesty’s Consulate, Hankow,
February 15, 1896 :—

Dr. Henry, in his “ Notes on the Economic Botany of China,”
refers to your wish to obtain specimens of the woods used in
China for printing blocks.

The name which the neighbouring city of Wuchang enjoys for
the excellence of its printing work has led me to inquire into the
woods used there, and I am sending you specimens of them by
parcel post.

The wood which is considered the best is the teng li mu, which
has been identified as the P; dier betule folia, Bunge., and which
grows in this Province. = abs of this wood 1 ft. x 6 ins. x 13 in.

A ral
the tu chung mu. Eucommia a Oliv., has been deter-
mined to be md tu chung mu. The tu chung here gadet is a native
of this Province

A wood u "i in Kiangsu is the yin hsing mu, which is one of
the names of the Salisburia adiantifolia.

Boxwood, huang yang mu, is obtained from Szechuen , but
s in small pieces, which are mainly used for cutting the

mps used for private seals on letters ait documents,

218

In the third pee of the Japanese work, the “So Moku Sei
Fu," a drawing is given of the huang yang, together with a
gnotation fon the Chinese aA Medica, which speaks of the
tree as growing an inch a year, except in these years which have
an intercalary moon, when it grows backwards, From this it
would appear to be a slow growing tree.

W. R. CARLES, ESQ., to ROYAL GARDENS, KEW, dated Her E

Majesty's Consulate, eee July 25t h, 1896.

DEAR MR. THISELTON-DY
I AM glad to learn cess your Marian of the 12th May, that

the specimens of woods which I sent to you were of interest
I am sending you by post some een dios of the two w oods
(Pyrus and Eucommia), and a little stamp in box-woo

The blocks have been given me by the Agent of the National
Bible Society of Scotland. I think that the block for an illustra-
tion of an engine gives a very good idea of the usefulness of the

wood.

If you would like to have these seen further supple-
Joi; I shall be very glad to do what

rs, &c.,
(Signed) W., R. CARLES.

W. R. CARLES, ESQ., to ROYAL GARDENS, KEW, dated Her
Britannic Majesty’s Consulate, Foochow, July Lith, 1897.

DEAR MR. THISELTON-DYER

sendi ing you by post another small parcel of woods
used n printers' blocks. 'T'wo of them came from Chinkiang,
and are, I believe, from a species of Euonymus and Zizyphus
vu The others are from this ipe and judging from
their names are species of Pyrus. Later on I hope to be able
to procure specimens of the flower and leaf of these two, 2

the others, I am afraid, I have no chance of determining
Yours, &c.,
W. R. CARLES.

The EA TET referred to in Mr. Carles’ letter, dated Hankow,
February 15th, 1896, and received at Kew on April 8th folios
consisted of sections of the woods of T'eng li mu (

AM Home A Tu chung shu (Hucommia wlmoides, Oliv)
and aetas ang mu or Boxwood (Buxus sempervirens, Linn.)

ey 8 ee mens received from Mr. Carles, September 95th, E

1896, and described in his letter dated Hankow, July 25th, con-

ther specimen of the wood of Teng li mu (Pyrus

hetulesfolia, Bunge), together with two engraved blocks of the

same wood under the name of Huang li, also an engraved block

of Eucommia ulmoides sent as Tu chung, and a small engraved
of Boxwood (Buxus sempervirens, Linn.)

"The blocks accompanying Mr. Carles’ letter, dated Foochow,
July llth last, and received at Kew, August 20th, were
pors :—Two blocks of a species of Suess e from Chinkiang,

for engraying and the other ieh ready for use, —

219

also a small block of Zizyphus vulgaris, ed the same locality,
and two other engraved blocks from Fukien, namely, huang li
or Red Pear, which is probably Purus betulefolia, and pai li or
White Pear, which so far cannot be identified. It is improbable
that it is furnished by a ws of Pyr » and may, perhaps, be
furnished by a species of Tilia.

With the exception of the small Non, seal, it is interesting
to note that all the other examples ved or prepared for
engraving either on the tangential a Sd pides of the wood.
With European engravers ex transverse surface is always the one

engraved. The Museum contains several Indian stamps. or
designs for printing cotton Er each of which is cut on the
transverse surface. None of the Chinese blocks seem to be of

specially selected wood, a excepting perhaps the Boxwood, to
be adapted for fine engraving.

he Chinese word mu Ne wood: shu means tree. The tu
chung determined by Professor Oliver to be Hucommia ulmoides is
a native of mountainous distriets in Hupeh and Szechuan. Th
same name is applied apparently to a tree of the plains which is
anaes gore! a Euonymus. It is very improbable that the

ood of Eucommia is used for printing blocks at all: the
identification i is probably a gos E from the name tu chung
being applied to two different tr The engraved block sent by

of Euonymus. It is possibly identical with pai ch’a used largely
at Ningpo for carving (see Kew Report, 1878, pp. 41, 42), which
is now identified with Euonymus hamiltonianus, Wa U. 1i
possible also that the wood supposed to belong to Sapium sebi-
ferum is the same thing.

DCLXIV.—LUNGAN PULP.

Mr. Consul nnd in his Report on the Trade of Tainan,
Formosa, for the year 1896 [ Foreign Office Report, Annual Series,
No. 2,021] draws attention to this substance in the following
words :—* per is the fruit popularly known as the * dragon's
“eye.” It is prepared in the form of a pulp by E and
“ stoning de fruit and una and baking it,and is u he

* Chinese as tea.” Specimens of the fruit of the qu n or
Longan (Nephelium Angan Cambess.) were already in the
meer collection, but the fruit pulp prepared in the way

Tainan
prepared pulp. This was accordingly done, specimens being
received on September 9th, 1898, from Mr. Ernest A. Griffiths,
Acting Consul, Tainan, together with a memorandum on the
subject by the Rev. William Racial, F.R.G.S., Presbyterian
M at Tainan, written at the request of Mr. Griffiths, and
which the following notes are gathered : —
u dried Lung-ngan or Geng-Geng, which is largely exported
from An-péng, the port of Tainan, is described as the longan fruit
(Nephelium Longana). On page 105 of Douglas’ Amoy-Vernacular

220

Dictionary, góng-géne is described as the dragon’s eye or lun
ngan fruit, geng-a-koa being the dried lung-ngan (Mandarin e
of characters, as geng-geng is the local with us in Formosa), which
is the article of export
Natives state that the “lichi ” (Nephelium Litchi, zz is
not very common in Formosa. It is larger than the lung-ngan or
géng-géng, has a thinner and much rahi alas husk, and
contains more edible matter
The country of Kagi is a region where much of the géng-géng
yearly production is prepared for exportation.
he work of first heating the fruit so as to cause the soft part
inside © shrink, of peeling the husk, and then of dryi pud a
abstracted soft part over a slow fire, is carried on chiefly by w
and girls, who earn each about 60 or 80 cash (6-8 cents) a a
besides getting the husks and hard inner nut for use as fuel,
The work usually begins about the middle of the eighth month

Lungan pulp consists of the fleshy arillus which surrounds the
seed ; it is of a black colour and leathery consistency, and has a
sweetish smoky flavour and is of an uninviting appearance.

DCLXV.—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES.

MR. HAROLD MAXWELL LEFROY, B.A., of King's College,
Cambridge, has been appointed by the Secretary of State for the

Colonies, on the recommendation of Kew, Lecturer in Economic |

ores ul in connection with the Agricultural Department,
West Indies. His services will be generally available for the
Shae Indian VA apo and his headquarters will be a t Barbados.

ook First Class Honours in the Natural Sciences
Tripos i in 1398.

Mr. WILLIAM R. BUTTENSHAW, M.A., B.Sc., Aberdeen, has
been appointed by the Secretary of State for the ‘Colonies, on the
recommendation of Kew, Lecturer in Agriculture for Jamaica.

hes as an of Agrieulture of the University of Aberdeen

three years ago, and Mr. Buttenshaw was the first

zed
adent o iti the B.Sc. degree in it.

Mr. F. A. LODGE, a Deputy herren in the Madras Forest
Department, has been selected by the Secretary of State for the

Colonies, with the sanction of the Spar of State for India, to — =
Trinidad and furnish a full report and recommendations .

on the qun s of forest conservancy. fap

ee M

221

Mn. THOMAS WILLIAM BROWN, formerly a we pure: of the
Gardening Staff of the Royal Botanic Gardens and late Acting
Curator of the Botanic Station at Aburi, Gold Coast t (Kow Bulletin,
1899, p. 50), has been ipone Assistant Curato

MR. BERNARD | ÜAVANAGH) a member of the ey Staff
of the Royal Botanic Gardens, has been appointed, on the recom-
mendation of Kew , Superintendent of the Gardens of the Agri-
Juke o geen Society, Madras, in succession to Mr. J. M. Gleeson,

d.

. awarded the Wacken, old Medal of the Dal eni of |
i y!

PROFESSOR FRANCIS GUTHRIE, LL.B., B.A.—The death of this
distinguished South African ep e science, on October 19 last,

at Cape Town, deserves a brief r

University. He was called to the Bar and lon eee okay
mee In 1861 he was appointed to the Chair of Mithesnaticn

n Graaf-Reinet College, which he resigned in 1876 for a similar
Chair i in the South African College. He retired in 1898.

A pupil of the celebrated Lindley, he devoted himself to the
study of the flora of his adopted country. He had latterly been
engaged with the well-known South African botanist, Harry Bolus,
in an elaboration of the Ericacee for the fourth volume of the
Flora Capensis, of which the continuation is now in course of
preparation at Kew

Sir Rawson WILLIAM Rawson, K.C.M.G., C.B.—Sir Rawson
Rawson, who died on November 50, 1899, at the age of 88,
was one of the many Colonial Governors who have done good
service to Kew and botanical science. He was, perhaps,
eminent as a statistician and geographer than a botanist, bar a
was joint author, with Dr. L. Pappe, of a Synopsis Filicum Africe
Australis, published at Cape Town in 1858. He had, before pro-
ceeding to South Africa, made a study of ferns. Sir R. Rawson

i ta

years later Governor of the Bahamas, and subsequently of the
Windward Islands, retiring in 1869. During his residence at the
ape he was in frequent correspondence with the late Sir ee
Hooker, chiefly on questions relating to the ferns of that Colony
(of which he sent specimens to Kew), but also with a tin to
contributions of museum objects, living plants, and seeds.

3857 B

222

Perhaps his greatest per vice was the share he took in promoting
the Flora Capensis of Harvey and Sonder. This is dor E
by Professor Harvey in us nf to the third volum

“Nor can the authors close this preface without a tribui of
gratitude to Rawson W. Rawson, Esq., late Colonial Secretary and
now Governor of the Bahamas. To the active interest which
from the first Mr. Rawson took in their undertaking, and to his
powerful advocacy in the Colonial Parliament, are greatly due the
very existence of the Flora. Nor was his assistance limited to the
greater acts of patronage which became his station, but ex e
cs the smallest details, ens as the forwarding of parcels, &c. :

every detail and on every occasion he was estere kind Mec
considerate."

Sir Rawson Rawson is commemorated in systematic botany by
Rawsonia, a genus of Bixacee.

Botanical Magazine for October. ae hildebrandiana is —
a magnificent species from the Shan Hills and Munnepore, having
been discovered in the latter locality by De George Watt in 1882.
It has also been met with in Dr. A. Henry’s recent collections
from Yunnan. It am flowered in the British Islands in the
Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin, but the drawing was made
fea a plant which De ed at Kew and which was raised from
E sent 4 A. H. Hildebrand, Es 5q., C.I.E., in 1894. Kalanchoe

are bright yellow, arrange a dense erect Han panicle.
zn interesting Stylidium be BU was lag from seeds
to Kew m South-western Australia by Quartermaster-

Servain B. T. Goadby, of the West Au M. Engineers It is
distinguished by long radical leaves and an inflorescence, some-
times 2 ft. long, of rose-coloured flowers. Berlandiera tomentosa,
a pretty Composite from the Southern United States, was also
raised from seeds, these having been received from the Rev. L. H.
wu of Jacksonville, Florid da. Its flower-heads are 14 to
ins. in diameter; the ray florets broad, and deep yellow.
Rhododendron dilatatum, a Japanese species, is very closely

allied to R. rhombicum. The Kew plant was procured from the d

Yokohama Gardeners’ Association.

Botanical Magazine for November.—Cyphomandra betacea
commonly called the Tree Tomato, is a native of New Grenada — —
and Peru, while as a cultivated plant valued for its edible fruit it —
is met with in various tropical and sub-tropical countries. P.
been included in the Kew collection probably from the ker of its

introduction into England in 1808, and a fine specim in the
Temperate House now produces an abundant crop ‘of Ee
—— fruits, Carludovica laucheana, also a native Ob

223

New Grenada, was distributed as Salmia laucheana by its
| Messrs. Sander & Co., of St. Albans, from whom the
Kew plant was received. Its spadix has a curious appearance, due
to the enn. white, filiform staminodes, four of which are present
in each of the numerous female flowers. Hidalgoa meter

chiefly differs from the only two species hitherto known in the
more compound leaves. In its climbing habit and brilliantly
coloured flowers, it- resembles some Mut tisias; but it is really
closely allied to Dahlia. Kew received the plant fig
n Lewis Childs, of: New York, who recently introduced
it pe cultivation from Costa Rica. Begoni
discovered by enry in Yunnan. It is a new species and is

remarkable in being the only known representative of the
genus in the Old World with palmatipartite leaves. - Rhödodendro
modestum is an exceedingly pretty new-species from the Sikkim
Himalaya. It appeared at Kew amongst some young. plants,
raised from seed received from Calcutta as R. pendulum; but it
is quite non reati from that species, a is probably nearest allied
to: R. barbatum

- New Works.—During the past year the important although not
showy task of putting the working departments of the establish-
ment into efficient order has been vigorously prosecuted b

vas taken in the preceding year, and the results were recorded in
the Kew Bulletin (1898, pp. 338, 339).

The following is a list of what has since been accomplished :—

I. Melon Ground.—This derives its name from its former use
when the frame ground of the Royal. Kitchen Garden, which was
abandoned by Her pape: in 1846 and annexed to the. Royal
Botanic Garden. It i w the principal propagating depart-
ment. No. XVIII, +5 boy entirely rebuilt on the present Kew
system of steel and wood Venere It was originally a Peach
House, and a section of it is figured in Philippar’s Voyage
Agronomique en ds lee (1830, ib. xvi., ide 2, p. 141). The
lean-to roof has now been converted into a three-quarter span.
Although FOR dilapidated, much of the massive timber used in
its construction was still perfectly sound. Some cf the Memel
Pine (yellow deal) was still perfectly sound, although it had
probably been in position eet less than a century.
pine of this kind and of great age is not now procurable. tan
house is divided into three compartments: one serves
hospital for restoring to health stove plants out of condition ; vb
other two are forcing houses for supplying the Conservatory
No.I

Besides this the Mess-room and Tool-sheds used by the labourers
bos: in the northern part of the establishment have been
moved from the back of Museum No. III.,a position € remote
he the working centre for economy of labour A commodious
office for the Gera of the decorative department | ite been
erected. Minorappliances are an unheated span frame (84 feet
long), a dil he artificial manures, another for trucks and
barrows, and bins for different kinds of soi

3857 B2

224

II. Works’ Depót.—This has been removed from its incon-
venient and contracted position on the south side of Kew Green
adjoining Cambridge Cottage to the side of Kew Palace. Com-

modious workshops have been provided partly by the conversion
of existing Seide peu aa! belonging to the Palace, partly
by the erection of new o

311. Mas niin Yard.—This has been re-arranged. new
entrance has been made, and a proper equipment of bins for soil,
a water-tank, de have been provided.

IV. e nen n Yard.— A new north frame for alpines,
140 feet long, has been provided to take the place of others which
were pendia dilapidated.

V. South Nursery.—Two new pits have been provided :—o
single and 48 feet long; the other a span, 67 feet long, ue

AL Water Supply.—The severe effect on Kew of the recent
series of dry sammers was described in the Kew Bulletin for
1897 (pp. — It has been found necessary to even further

extend the system of service- inet for distributing water through-
Sak the establish ent. Further additions have in consequence
been made, more gener ally in the Herbaceous Ground, the

obs Dell, and the Arboretum
In order to reinforce the power at the umping station, a new
high-pressure boiler has been fitted in the engine-house.

VII. The ll Houses (Nos. XI. and XII.) which were
erected i in Sos e been re-constructed on the mixed steel and
res n nciple. "The roofs have also been furnished with a
antern

Cydonia sinensis.—This quince D. AE figured and fully
described by A. Thouin (Anna Tes Muséum d'Histoire
Naturelle de Paris, xix. p. rd 8 et 9) in 1812, from
trees cultivated in the Jardin des Pianta According to Thouin,
this tree was introduced from China into England and Holland
at some time during the last decade of the ee: ‚century,
and the individuals cultivated in Paris were obtained by

seeds, produced in the Mee of London; but he only
figures a flowering specimen. He describes it as a handsome,
hardy, small tree, but goes on to say that it is damaged by
spring. [ro frosts. Don and Loudon (1832 and 1838) seem to have had
no personal knowledge of this species of Cydonia ; me latter merely |
copying the description of the former. When it disappeareo =
from English gardens, if it has done so Peine is uncertain ;

225

but it must be long since it was in en at Kew. On vr
Continent, and especially in the Mediterranean region, it ap
to have held its own from Thouin's dine down to the dern
day ; and specimens of the fruit brought by the Director from the
garden of Commendatore Hanbury at La Mortola, near Mee e.
Age the fact that the quince long cultivated at Kew under the
me d ydonia sinensis is not the true plant, which is
Tn sed by having darti age? leaves furnished with
pari teeth and glandular hairs on the petioles, and a
cylindric fruit, 5 > ‘ ee in length, Besides the original
figure, cited abov re is one in Duhamel's Traité des
Arbres et Ar Mite: vi. 3 n 75 (1808-1835) ; another in the Herbier
Général de l' Amateur, ii., t. 99 (1817), and a third i = the sete
aa hei (ues p. 228, In the last both flowers and fruit ar

colou there stated that the climate of Paris is rarely
Bein * bs the fruit to maturity ; it is not surprising,
therefore, that it has disappeared from the neighbourhood of
London.

When compiling the Enumeration of Chinese Plants (Journal
of the Linnean Society, xxiii., p. 256) in 1887, with very imperfect
material before us, we took it for granted that the plant cultivated

at Kew was a variety o of Cydonia sinensis, although, as there
noted, it had much narrower, less hairy leaves than jm originally
described and cultivated. Following Bentham

Genera Plantarum, Cydonia was reduced o yrus, and
C. sinensis was named Pi yrus ne Hemsl., because the

names sinensis and chinensis had been applied to at least three or
four species of Pyrus proper. On thé whole it seems better, in
accordance with the views of many conte emporary botanists, to

yc

restore Cydonia to generic rank, and the species under considera-
tion is then correctly designated Cydonia sinensis, iwi (syn.

rus sinensis, Poir. in Lam. Encycl. Suppl., iv., p. 452, non
Lindl. nec Auct. alior. Bike: ; and Pyrus ca cathayensis, Hone: loc.
cit. pro parte). Thouin, ande his original description, cites the
names Pyrus sinensis, Mus. Par. and P. Cydonia sinensis,
Wiegers, as synonyms.

The plant cultivated at Kew under the erroneous name of
C. sinensis may be called C. cathayensis, Hemsl. Dr. A. Henry
has sent den of the same species direct from China, and a
figure and description of it will appear in Hooker’s Icones
Plantarum, Re 2,657 and 2,658.

W. B. H,

Oxalis esculenta.—Under this name there appeared in JD».
Neubert's wa te tede 1898, 196, a figure of the tubers of an
Oxalis which was recommended for ‘cultivation in lands which
had become no longer eer for potato-growing. A quantity
was rebate: - grown in the open ground at Kew ; the species
proved t old and well-known garden perg viz., O tetra-
ras Deed (0. Deppei, Schlecht.), a native of Mex

e tubers should be planted in spring, from 3 to 5 uaa
pi kai nup in November and stored in dry sand in a cool

..226

place free from frost. They should be cooked in salt water and
served with melted butter and cream. The writer in the publi-
cation above quoted says they are ** as good as artichokes.”

. . Wissadula rostrata—This is a malvaceous acuta ap. mative,
originally, of the West Indies and South America, and occurrin
also in Tropical mh G (perhaps nebat A and naturis

in India. Roxburgh (Flora indica) says :—“ the bark. of this
abounds in serviceable flaxen fibres, and .as it gate quic. into
long single twigs, particularly if cut near the earth, it an

for procuring the fibre of a good length for a factories.”

Under the zarpar kisera name of Abutilon per ee it has
been. made the of experiment by Mr. Hart, the Super-
intendent of the Royal. Botanic Gardens, Trinidad. Tis following

correspondence gives the resu

SUPERINTENDENT, Royal. Botanic Sanden Trinidad,. to
ROYAL GARDENS, Kew

Botanical Department, Trinidad,
October 10, 1899.

AMONG our experiments is one made with Abutilon peri-
fiiium: to determine if possible whether it can be profitably
; ‘bre plant.

. I send a case of specimens, part of which I should be acr if
you would utilise for your Museums, and part I should be glad
= ds would submit to some of your friends for Mpeg both

rippings and when retted. Two stems are sent to show
re straight they grow, and how easily the. stripping can be
performed.

Seed sown March 15th, 1899,
ue cut April 28, 1899.

eld per acre, raw strippings, dried (as sent), 1,089. ions.
Yield per acre of clean. bast fibre, 9}
Cleaned material retted four days, then scraped and dried.
Clean material, 42 per.cent. of raw. strippings.

fn ees

- Iam, &c., :
Te (Signed) J. H. HART.
‘The- Director,
Royal Gardens, Kew... ..

Messrs. IDE AND CHRISTIE to ROYAL GARDENS, Kew.

72, Mark Lane, London, E.C.,
November ‚8, 1899.

REPORT,

Wr have. examined the undernoted a and find a as follows = p 3

-Abutilon periplocifolium from Trinidad 3 `: -

POR EAT Sume. cs in ui qu ded P ad

EE RA peat Mae ene
MEME LEM Ur V patna. SE A.

227

Fibre from above :—Length very good ; colour good, white ;
strength poor ; ae imperfect ; similar to China Jute but
softer ; value per ton, £15 16s. Will sell fairly well. Suggest
trial 50 tons Be

(Signed) IDE & CHRISTIE,
Brokers.

Musa Ensete.—James Bruce's kp in 1768 to Aida to discover
the sources of ne Nile, led to the discovery of a f
remarkable plants, of which ie gave exceedingly end figures,
though he décitted to accept the views of his botanical friends
on their affinities. Among them was Musa Ensete, whic

describes under the name now adopted as specific (and subsequent
hu as Ansett), and adds: “Some who have seen my drawing
o s plant, and at the same time found the banana in many
udis “of the East, have thought the Ensete to be a species of
Musa. apa how yore I imagine, is without any sort of reason,”
In 1852, and again in 1853, Mr. Walter Plowden, then H.B.M.
Consul ne inen atit plants of this Musa to Kew, but they

r

Botanical Magazine for January, 1861 (tt. 5223-5224). In five
years, in one case, in ee in three, these plants attained a
height of nearly 40 feet to the summit of the fo liage ; the
blades of the leaves es 17 to 18 feet long. From the
description in the Botanical Ewa it would appear gar
ripe fruit and perfect seeds were produced at Kew; but it

more probable that that part of the doner pega was made From
the material supplied by Mr. Plowden. At all events the fruit
is very little known in this country, and it is also a d
and described in the monograph of the genus. Indee

we w of no illustration of a fully developed ee and
Hany all the published figures of the habit and flowers have
been copied from the Botanical Magazine. But what gave rise to
this note was an application to Kew from several persons for the
name of the fruit of a Musa cultivated in the Azores. Only

and
certainty. Subsequently, Mr. J. B. Thomas, of le rg
sent an entire cluster of fruit, from the ‚same sour is i

teet

6 inches in circumference, borne on a pedun mid about 6 inches

in diameter. The weight, after ee a fortnight in a very

dry chamber, was 20 pounds. The largest of ihe udi lom
fruits were 3 inches long, and nearly an inch and alf i

diameter in the thickest part. Very few of them Saai ne

seeds ; the total number in the cluster being between 500 and

pericarp is not coriaceous, as it has sometimes been

described, but tender, soft, watery and tasteless, and in colour and

d by Bruce himself.

It is quite uneatable (see H. H. Johnston, aja Exped.,

p.332). On the other hand, it may be mentioned, the interior or

228

axis of the plant, before the flowering period, is one of the best
of all vegetables, and is, or was, an important article of food in
Abyssinia.

A figure of Mr. Thomas’s specimen was given in the Gardeners’
Chronicle for 1900 (xxvii., p. 69, fig. 22).

but the summit of which till late years had remained emen

1842. Since then various travellers have been there; some for
scientific sitio es; others for the commercial exploration of its
singular and varied natural productions. In 1884 another explor-
ing expedition, in which Everard im Thurn, Esq., C.M.G., took part,
spent some time in investigating the botany and zoology of this
remarkable sandstone monument, which he was the first to
ascend; and the botanical results were published by Prof. D.
Oliver in zen T'ransactions of the Linnean Society, Botany 2nd
series, ii., pp. 249-300, tt. 37-56. i this Auer three new genera
and upward 8 of 50 new species are described. It was hardly to
be expected "that UE ie Beten man should T so fruitful in
novelties ; yet Messrs. F. V. Mc Connell and J J. Quelch, who
were there in 1894 akd 1898, brought home a collection of dried
plants hardly less rich in novelties, which are now being worked
out at Kew, and will be published in the Transactions of the
Enan Soviets y, illustrated at the expense of Mr. Mc Connell.
This compact little collection consists of about 360 species, in-
cluding one new genus of Composi ie ous 70 new species. Among
the most interesting are new species of the genera Pass iflora,
idymopanax, Sciadophyllum, Didymochiamys, Heterothalamus,
Stiff tia, pucri and Lisianthus

The Flora of St. Vincent, West Indies. —In the Bulletin for

ale, who was a A of the late Sir William
Hooker. It is supposed that he was born in St. Vincent, and
from a letter in the Kew correspondence, written by his brother
John, it appears that he died in Bermuda on the 22nd of October,
1831, E the early age of 33. He was evidently an ardent

naturalist and a skilful draughtsman and colourist. A number
‘of his kawa were reproduced by Sir William Hooker in the
. Botanical Magazine and other publications. Noteworthy among-
them are the admirable figures of the Bread fruit n Mag»

229

tt. 2869-2871). Another may be mentoned, namely, Guildingia
psidioides (Hooker’s Bot. Miscel., i., p. 122, t. 30), now reduced to
Mouriria. L. Guilding was also the author of a number of
papers on various brano es of natural history, and he had
collected i P and made drawings with the intention of
publishing a Fauna of St. Vincent. Indeed, from the corre-
Bpondetios preserved at Kew, he must have made very extensive
collections, which his widow 'subsequently broaght to London for
disposal. His brother, in the letter referred to above, states that
he valued his museum at £10,000. So far as we know, the whole
of his collection of dried plants was acquired by Sir William
Hooker, and they now form part of the Kew Herbarium. After
the lapse of 70 years, two large volumes of his botanical drawings
have come to light, and have been purchased from a grandson, and
presented to Kew by the Bentham Trustees. They ead pud

of economic plants, including a number of varieties of read-
fruit, and are Varas pese There are also among
ihem the original dra of vie the Botanic Garden of

in
St. Vincent, which served: o illastrato lindo) Guilding's guide
to the garden

The New Territorial ee in the Pacific.—Consequent
on the agreement betwee = Governments of the United States
of North America, of bun any, and of England, there are some
important changes in the respective spheres of influence in the
Pacific. England renounces all claims on the Samoan or
Navigators' Islands, and, in exchange, has obtained roit
rights over the Tonga or Sao! Islands, and two additional
islands, Choiseul and Ysa of the Solomon grou id „Dr: F.
Reinecke e sce Mr. WO B. Hemsley in a Flora of the
Samoan Islands ur ict Botanische Jahrbücher, xxiii., pp. 237-
368, and xxv., pp. 578-708), the latter being engaged on the same
subject when the irae part of Dr. Reinecke’s work appeared.
From comparisons made, Kew probably possesses a number
of plants not included by Dr. Reinecke; on the other hand,
his enumeration contains some evidently not ee in the
Kew Erin ginn Kew collections from the Samoan group,
were, to a large extent, made some 20 years ago by the
Rev. Thos. Por s Shore excellent specimens are accompanied
by copious notes. Tt is unfortunate that the general work of the
Herbarium prevented the earlier elaboration of the results of his
exertions. However, e are few plants peculiar to this group
of Islands. The same may be said of the Tonga group; an
account of the Flora of which, i Mr. W. B. Hemsley, will be
found in the Journal of the Linnean ag Y, xxx. (1894),
pp. 158-217. Shortly after this paper in print, Kew
purchased a collection of plants made in ie pee of Vavau by
C. S. Crosby, Esq. M.A., Cantab. This has been partially
elaborated by Mr. I. H. Burkill; but — pressing work

enumeration contains 290 species o: — | indigenous vascular

e isl
Mr. "Crosby ’s collection adds a dede number of species
undoubtedly. indigenous to the Friendly Islands, and at least

230

half-a-dozen that have been regarded as previously undescribed.
Widely different is the Flora of the Solomon Islands, which is
rich in singular endemic species, and also contains some of the
specially pm em iypes only known to exist elsewhere in such
distant parts as the Society Islands. For what is known of this
interesting Flora, Kew is principally indebted to H. B. Guppy, Esq.,
M.B.. author of The Solomon Islands and their Natives, in which
work will be found, pp. 280-307, an interesting account of the
vegetation and veget etable products, and a izl furnished by Kew,
of the plants collected by the author, Sin thet date (1887),
many interesting additions have eh made x the flora by some
of the officers, Lieutenants B. T. Somerville and S. Weigall, of
H.M.S. * Penguin," and the Rev. R. B. Comins, who, in spite of
arduous missionary Faller has made many noteworthy botanical
discoveries. ome of the principal novelties will be found
described in the Bulletin, 1894, pp. 211-215 ; 1895, pp. Ded
in the Journal of the Li innean Sociely, XiX., pp. 293 3-297 ;
pp. 163-165, and 211-217; in the An nals of Boki E
pp. 501-508, and vi., pp. 203-210, and the Journal of the Linnean
Society, xxxii., pp. 419—489. Most of the articles are illustrated.

Jamaiea Botanical Department.—A detailed account of the
history and organisation = this important Department » given
in Dr. Morris's * Report on the Economie Resources of the West
Indies” (Kew Bulletin, votes Series, I., pp. 137 248).

The following account of the recent work of the Department is
taken from the last report of the Jamaican Government presented
to both Houses of Parliament :—

ExTRACT from Colonial Reports, Annual, No. 283, Jamaica,
Report for 1898-9, pp 31 32,

The Botanical Department did useful work during the year in
experimental cultivation, in the distribution of plants and seeds,
and in affording information by means of bulletins ia private
correspondence with planters.

e Department distributed during the year no less than
x din ,139 plants, of which the greater proportion were economic
pia

Advice was given during the year to orange growers as to
remedies for sickly plants, to cocoa planters by leaflets and
demonstrations by the Agricultural Instructor of a Department,

to viticulturists "roh the Instructor, whos vice given
during the last few years has resulted in gemunerativ cultiva-
tion o e a dry district of

s for t o rket d
St. Elizabeth, hitherto considered of little iius for agricultu

el ged to sugar planters by distributing the best varieties (the
No. 95” variety having afforded a planter more than double the
yield of the kind hitherto grown on his estate), to tobacco
eultivators by obtaining the best kinds of the famous Vuelta |
Abajo tobacco, with which the Hon. Evelyn Ellis a

planted out 60 de poet xs tobacco which realised s

231

= in SN York. This has induced him to lay out 130 acres

e Department has also had under training two lads
en the a of Lagos, and has trained as agriculturists eat
lads from the Hope induserial School.

A. Scheme for starting an experimental agricultural station was
formulated during the year by the Botanical Director, the Agri-
cultural Inspector, and the Principal of the High School at Hope
for the employment and instruction of industrial school boys, ker
of boys whose parents are willing to pay for their maintena
The scheme was approved hy the Government, but er at
dre be carried out for want of funds

reat rise in the beginning of 1899 i in the price of quinine
and end bark led to an enquiry into the present condition of
the einchona depuis and the pues d of manufacturing
quinine locally as in India. As a result it das arum doubtful,
unless prices rise sull further, whether bark can be harvested for
sale, or quinine manufactured locally, as a a of profit

Grape Fruit.—A brief notice of this fruit which has become an
important article of e eb fro m = West Indies to the United
States, where it is very popul s given under the head of
Bahamas in the Kew Bulletin for 1898 (p. 180).

The following hs enamel are taken from Dr. Morr
* Report on the Economic Resources of the West Indies " (Kew
Bulletin, Additional. Seri ies, L., p. 150) :—

“The grape-fruit is a member of the orange tribe that has
lately come into great favour in the United States. It is a fruit
allied to the shaddock (Citrus decumana), but smaller, and with
a finer flavour. It is regarded as very wholesome and refreshing,

nd possessing valuable tonic properti Fortunately trees
yielding this fruit were already plentiful in Jamaica, and
island was at once able to meet the d ear the value

emand. y
of the exports was nearly £6,000. It is probable that it may
eh be more profitable to grow the grape-fruit than the
range.

À question has arisen as to whether the grape-fruit, being
apparantly only a cultivated race, would come true seed.
The following letter seems conclusive on this point :—

ER. AE Esq., M.B., C.M., Barbados, to a
F AGRICULTURE FOR THE WEST IND

Culloden, St. Michael
Dear DR. MoRR October 21, 1899.
IT H reference en our conversation about grape-fruit, my
cows is as follo
When in je some years ago I tasted some most delicious
ones at Mrs. Jacobson Hill’s, grown in her own garden. I very
much desired a plant, and she gave me some of the fruit so that

232

I could plant the seeds, but I told her very likely they would not
come true. I planted the seeds here, and have five trees which
have borne fruit twice or more, and to my delight they come true
to the parent plant
They are as fine or finer than any grape-fruit I have ever
ted.

I got no fruit last year on account of the storm, and for some
reason they are not bearing this year, but should they give any
fruit next year you shall taste for yourself.

I am, &c.,
(Signed) F. B. ARCHER,

a ae

233

INDEX.

A.

Abutilon periplocifolium, 226.

Acacia sphzeroc P 134.

Acalypha hispida,

Acnida australis, 135.

s.a costata, C. H. Wright,
102

Agarieus melleus (with plate),
29.

Alnus nitida, 76.
Aloe Sch weinfurthii, 191;

86.
Annual, a gigantic, 135.
Aposphzeria Alpinize, Massee, 182.
Appendicula longipedunculata,
Rolfe, 132.
Appointments, 18, 50, 75, 133,
191, 220.

Arthur, A., 75.

Asia Mas. bulbs from, 81.

Asparagus scandens, 192.

Assam rubber in Egypt, 87.

Aster Piccolii, 192.

Aulographum maximum, Mas-
see, 177

B.
Baker, C. H., a gigantic annual,
135.

—, J. G., awarded Linnean
Medal, 75.

— — —, retirement of, 17.

Barnard, Mrs., death of, 19.

Begonia "hemsleyana, 293.

— sinensis,

— venosa,

balie, tomentosa, 222.

Bolbitius longipes, Massee, 169.

Boletus Rodwayi, Mussee, 179.

Botanic Station, St. Lucia, 193.

20: Department, Jamaica,

SA
Botanical Magazine, 20, 51, 76,
134, 191, 192, 222,

Botryospheria ^ Anthuriicola,
Massee, 185

British New "Guinea, flora of,
Brown blight of Tea (with plate),

—, T. W., 50, 221.

Budget from. Yunnan, 46.
Bulbs from Asia Minor, 81.
Burkill, I. H., 50.
Buttenshaw, W. R., 220.

C.

Cacao blanco, 42.
— disease in Trinidad (with

plate), 1 ‘
— in en 42.
— St. Lucia, 194.

Caladenia re var. alba, 20.
Calanthe celebica, un 129.
— Englishii, Rolfe, 111
Calathea picta,

Camphor, 57.

Cape Flora, 192.

Cardamine latifolia, 20.
Carludovica laucheana, 222.
Castilloa elastica, 159.
Cavanagh,

Ceanothus integerrimus, 51
Central American rubber, 159.
Cereus paxtonianus, 76.
Ceroxylon andicola, 203.
Ceuthospora innumera, Massee,

Ceylon, production of camphor
in, 66.

Chelsea Physie Garden, 195.

ran production of camphor

Obikese medicinal fungus, 56.
— printing blocks, 216
Chrozophora tinctoria, 88.
Chrysanthemum nipponicum,

234

Cinnamomum Camphora, 57.
Cirrhopetalum Roordersii, Rolfe,
128.

Cladoderris cartilaginea, Massee, | —
172.

Claudopus priscum. Massee, 169.
Clavaria Candelabra, Massee,

53112. !
— Ridleyi, Massee, 172.
Cleisostoma Koordersii, olfe,

131.
Clover, Uganda, 137.
Clypeolum sparsum, petet 83.
Coccid pests on Sugar-cane, 6.
Cochin China pea acai ig 199.
Coffee, Liberian, in St. Lucia,
194.

C papse Sere Ameri-

n (with plate), 9

Coffce-leaf denn in peces
23

Coleus thyrsoideus, 192.
Colletotrichum Camellia,
Pores: (with plate), 89.
llybia Eucaly pti, Massee, 177.
Collajeanes hirta, Steph., 125.
Congo stic
—, e ipn "products from,

Copal, new, 139.
: Coprinus coffeicola, Massee, 170.

ceps, Massee, 170.

Cordyceps quee ua Massee, 173.
idleyi, Massee, 173.

Craseala pyramidalis, 135.

Crepidotus Ridleyi, Massee, 169.

Curacao aloes, 86.

Mie ai eathayensis, 229.

— sinensis, 224.

ren ue betacea, 222.

Cyrtanthus parviflorus, 76.

Ð,

Dactylopius sacchari, 7.

Dahlia maximiliana, 76.
Danthonia oreoboloides, Stapf,
HS

ees) bipinnatifida,

Baker,
lanceolata,

Dendrobium (Pedilonum) brevi-

(Sarcopodium) parvulum,
Rolfe, 127.
— (Stachyobium) rigidifolium,
Rolfe, 110.
De Vilmorin, H.L., death of, 191.
Deyeuxia sclerophylla, Stapf,
119.

Diplodia Tragise, Massee, 184.

Disease, Cacao, in Trinidad
(with plate), 1.

—, Coffee, Central American
(with plate),

—, Coffee-leaf, in “Zanzibar, 29.

—, Peony,
m brown blight of (with
= plate , 89:

—. Tree root-rot (with plate),
25.

—, Vine, Maromba, 213.
Dolianthus, Go. Wright, gen.
nov., 106.
— vaccinioides, CO. H. Wright,
106

Dorstenia Phillipsiz, 192.
Dryandra calophylla, 51.

E.

Ecuador, Cacao in, 42.

Egypt, Assam rubber i in, 87.

Eleagnus macrophylla, 51.

Eleocarpus aberrans, Brandis,
9t.

Ephedra altissima, 192.

Epilobium obcordatum
Eria ee
Rolfe, 1

— (rura) tricuspidata, Rolfe,

"OB
celebica,

Eucalyptus timber from W.
Australia, 72, 205.

F.

Favolus purpureus, Massee, 176.
Ferns of North-western India

-

235

Festuca monantha, ut d 111,

— papuana, Stapf, 117

Fibre, Hibiscus lunariifolius,
199,

—, Wissadula rostrata, 226.
Fissidens Nicholsonii, 17.
mmula ornata, Massee, 169.
Flora Capensis, :
—, Moss, of the Royal Gardens,

— of British New Guinea, 95.
New Zealand, Kirk’s
~ Student's, 21.

— — St. Vincent, 228.
— Tropical Africa, 192.
Formosa, produetion of cam-
phor in,
Fritillaria pluriflora ra, 20.
Fungus, Chinese medicinal, 56.
Fungus-gamboge,

G.

Gamboge, fungus-, 23.
Gavltheria trichophylla, zs
Geaster lilacinus, Massee, 166.
Mauru sei Fia.
Gentinà- ne
— ode pdt Giulian-
ettii, Hemsley, 106.
— (Qhondrophyllum) Maegre-
ey, 107

Ginger in St. Lucia, 194.
Giulianettia, Rolfe, gen. nov.,
HE

— E Rolfe, 111.
ET cee Araucarie,Massee,

Glomera papuana, Rolfe, 111.

Gossweiler, J., 75.

Grape Fruit, 231.

Guatemala, Central American
rubber in, 159.

Guthrie, Professor, 221.

ehe Cochin China,

Gynopleura humilis, 51.
Gyrocephalus luteus, Massee,

?

H.

Hales, W., 191.

Hancornia speciosa, 185.

Havilandia papuana, Hemsley,
107.

Heliophila scandens, 191

Hm obclavatum,
Masse

Hemileia didi in Zanzibar,

Hemsley, W. B., 18.

Henry, Dr. A.,a budget from
Falken, 46..

Hibiscus lunariifolius, 139.

Hidalgoa Wercklei, 293.

Hooker, Sir J. D., medallion of,

Hooker's Icones Plantarum, 77,

Hope, C. W., Ferns of N.W.
India, 21.

Howard, A., 191.

Hydnum crinigerum, Massee,
173,

Gleadonii, Massee, 166.

— tapienum, Massee, 171.

Hygrophorus Rodwayi, Massee,
178.

Massee

Hymenopsis "Cudraniz, Massee,
166.

Hyp Ser bermudiense,
Massee, 184.

roder Panici, Massee, 173.

— Zingiberis, Massee, 174.

aa hg Parvibractea, C. B.
Clarke.

recorte Tis neglectum,
Massee et Rodway, 181.

I.

pi montan 6.
seychellarum, 7.
Impatiens Roylei, var., 76.
Inearvillea variabilis, 76.
India, N.W., Ferns of, 21.
Du re, see Rubber,

236

Inocybe violacea, Massee, 169.
Insect Ada Coecids on Sugar-

can
Iris Dilesigi 134.

Isoetes neoguineensis, Baker,
122.

J.
Jamaica Botanical Department,
Jarrah from W. Australia, 72,

Jordan, A. J., 134.
Juniper, Uganda, 197.
Jyree tea, 82.

K.
Kalanchoe thyrsiflora, 222.

a.
from W. Australia, 72,

Kemp, Mrs., Chinese medicinal
fungus, 56.
Kew, Assistant for India, 50.
— in Colonial Office List, 77.
—, Keeper of Herbarium and
ibra
—, Karoo plants at, 52.
— libra rary, catalogue of, 83.
m —, supplement to, Appx.

—, Moss Flora of, 7,

--, new beri 229.
—, penguins 8.

—, dire yim (Office),
Im

— (Phanerogams), 19
—, ; Queen’ s Cottage Grounds,

—, rescue from drowning at,
9.

—, retirement of J. G. Baker,

—, Temperate House, comple-
tiono

itors during 1898, 19.
Kies Student's Tints ‘of New
RL

Kleinia pendula, 134,

Kniphofia Tuckii, 51.

Kobus, J. D., mprovement of
Sugar-cane by chemical selec-
tion,

Kola in St. Lucia, 194.

Koorders, Dr. S. H., Celebes
orchids, 126.

L.

Lagos rubber industry, 29.

Lefroy, H. M., 220.

Lembosia geographica, Massee,
181.

Lentinus sericeus, Massee, 168.

Leptonia obscura, Massee, 178.

Leslie,

Leucopogon papuanus, C. H.
Wright, 104.

Lewisia Tweedyi, 20.

Library
to, Appx.

Lilium rubellum, 20.

meer Medal awarded to J.G.

Baker, 75.
LM ‘AS Penguins for Kew,

Let, F. A., 220.
Lonicera hildebrandiana, 135,

222.

Loranthus (Heteranthus) pachy-
pus, Burkill, 109.

Lungan pulp, 219.

M.
Ma adagascar india-rubber, 25.

Mangabeira rubber, 185.
Marasmius excentricus, Massel,
168.

Maromba Vine Disease in
Portugal, 213.
Masdevallia muscosa, 134,

= Be

EN EDDIE

catalogue, supplement
V.

z

237

Mauritius tea, 22.
McNeill, M., 134.
Meconopsis heterophylla,
Microlena Giulianettii, Bar
Microstylis cordifolia, Rolfe,

127.

repens, Rolfe, 127.

Mollisia albo-flava, Massee, 175.
— cinnabarina, Massee ER gis

Morea sulphurea, 134.
Moseleya, 83.
Moss Flora of the Royal Gar-

— repertitia, Massee,

Myrsine papuana, Hemsley, 104.

Myxomycidium, Massee, gen.
noy., 1

— pendulum, Massee, 180.

N.

Nectria Bainii (with plate), 5.

Nephelium Longana, 219.

Nephrodium (Lastrea) dissiti-
olium, Baker

New Orchids, 126.
— Territorial arrangements in
Pacific, 229.

— works,

— Zealand, Kirk’s Student's

Flora of,
Klara sylvestris, 76.

O.

Obituary notices, 19, 191, 221.
Omphalia tenera, Massee, 168
Orchi de bark, use of, for orna-

men

Pe new, 126.

Oxalis esculenta, 225.

— tetraphylla, 225.
3857

2
Pacific, New Territorialarrange-
ments in,
sony diseas

Paphiopedilum mastersianum,

Pec rubber in Penang, 21.
k, 22.

— — — Pe

Passiflora pruinosa, 51.

Paxillus ehm Massee, 56,
165.

Pearson, H. H. W., 50, 221.
Penang, Para rubber i in, 21.

ee

Perak, Para rubber in, 2
Peristylus a opna Rol P 132.
Peruvian ru
Peziza sire Massee, 175.
— tomentosa pong Ty i
Phoma Podocarpi, Massee, 182.
Phreatia CHIEDI. Ye, pt
oordersii, Rolfe, 1
Phyliachora S ada ge
Physic Garden, Chelsea, 195.
Phytophthora omnivora (with

plate), 4.
Pittosporum berberidoides,
Burkill, 96.
— pullifolium, Burkill, 96.
Pleurotus cretaceus, Massee,

Pluteus p Massee, 118.

Poa callosa, , 116.

Polyporus Aris dd Massee, 111.

— een 23.

— tasmanicus, Masse:

Polystictus qa ain Massee,
(ae

1
Portugal, Maromba vine disease

Printing blocks, Chinese, 216.
Psathyra campanulata, Massee,-

— cyc clos ospora, Massee, 170.
Psathyrella albida, JE 170.
Psilocybe cedipus, ’ Massee, 178.
Pterostylis papuana, Rolfe, 112.
Puccinia decipiens, Massee, 164.
Pulvinaria gasteralp

Pygeum costatum, Hemsley y,

— papuanum, Hemsley, 99.
Cc

238

Q.
Queen's Cottage grounds, open-
ing of, 81.

R.

Rattan industry of Rheims, 200.
wson, Sir Rawson William,

Rescne from drowning at Kew,
75

Rheims, rattan industry of, 200.
Rhododendron comptum, C. H.

223.
nodosum, C. H. Wright, 103.
Root-rot, tree, 25.

— xanthina, 135.

"m artificial production of,
d E in Egypt, 87.

—, Cen tral American, 159.

— ‘industry, Lagos, 29,

— in Soudan, 199.

— , Madagascar, 35.

—, Mangabeira, 185.

—, Para, in dero 21.

— — — Pe

—, Peruvian, 68.

S.

St. Lucia ee EN 193,
— Vincent, Flo

Salmia Much. p" 3.

Salmon, E. S., Moss Flora of the
Royal Gardens, Kew, 7.

Sands, W. N., 133.

Sandwic

h Islands, sugar-cane
ae 201
buxifolia, C. H,
Wright t, 101.
Saurauja rufa, ‘Burkill, 97.
Sclerotinia Pæoniæ, 88.

Serenoa serrulata as a remedy,
55

Silene Fortunei, 76,
Sium — 39.
Skirre
Soden products, 198.
Sphacelia Oryzee, Massee, 167
Stapelia gigantea, 5
tapf, Dr. O., 19.
Stereum aterrimum, Massee,
in.
Stilbum flavidum (with plate),

Stylidium crassifolium, 222.
as id pests on, 6.
vement of, b
chemical solautieil; 45.
in Sandwich Islands,

Symblepharis obliqua, Broth-
Boris 'Englishii, Hemsley,

— orbicularis, Hemsley, 105.

E
Tæniophyllum celebicum, Rolfe,
131.
Tea, brown blight of (with

—, Mauritius, 22.
Temperate House, Kew, com-

(with plate),
Todea (Leptopteris)
Baker,

Englishii,

alpina,

Trachylejeunea
Steph.,

Trachylobium dewevrianum,
139.

Tree root-rot rn plate), 25.
Tremella picea 172.
vinosa, assee, :
Tremellodon aurantiacum,

Massee, 172. :
Trichoglottis celebica, Rolfe, 190. |
rsii, Rolfe,

— oblongifolia, Rolfe, 130.

"Trichosporium

eum, Massee, 166.

aterrimum,

— purpur
Trifolium Johnston 37.
‘Trinidad, Cacao dise in (with

plate),
Triplostegia repens, Hemsley,
101

Tropical Africa, Flora of, 192.
Tulostoma Ridleyi, Massee, 113.
"Turnsole, cultivation of, 88.

Ue:
Uganda Clover, 137.

— Juniper
Umbrophila aurantiaca, Massee,

182.
Upper Congo, new products
9.

Ustilago goniospora, Massee, 183.
— Stenotaphri, Massee, 1

i,

Vaccinium oblongum, C. H.
Wright,

Vanda celebica, Rolfe, 131.

‘Vanilla fimbriata, Rolfe, 133.

pd
e
c

Visitors during 1898,
Volvaria woodrowi wiana, Massee, ee,
166.

239

W.

West Australia, Eucalyptus
timber from, 72, 205.

White, R. B., Ceroxylon andi-
cola, 203.

Whittall, E., bulbs from Asia
Minor, 81.

Wlan, J. R., 50.
Wissadula rostrata, 226.

»
Xerotus atrovirens, Massee, 178.

Xylaria aspera, , 174
— hypsipoda, S 174.

X.
Yucca elata, 76.

hipplei, 134.
Tunnin, budget from, 46.

Z.

Zanzibar, Coffee-leaf disease in,
23.

ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

BULLETIN

MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION,

APPENDIX I.—1899.

LIST OF SEEDS OF HARDY HERBACEOUS PLANTS
AND OF TREES AND SHRUBS.

The following is a list of seeds of Hardy Herbaceous Annual
and Perennial Plants and of Hardy Trees and Shrubs which, for
the most part, have ripened at Kew during the year 1898. These
seeds are not sold to the general public, but are available for
exchange with Colonial, ae and Foreign Botanic Gardens, as
well as with regular correspondents of Kew. No «dem gei
except from sea colonial possessions, can be entertained afte
the end of March.

HERBACEOUS PLANTS.

Acaena glabra, J. Buch. Achillea, cont.

macrostemon, Hook. f. leptophylla, Bieb.
TN, DS ligustica, All.
myriophylla, Zi magna,
Novae-Zealandiae, Kirk. Millefolium, L.
ovalifolia, Ruiz & Pav moschata, Jacq.
pinnatifida, Ruiz & Pav. nobilis, L.
Sanguisorbae, Vahl. Ptarmica, L
sarmentosa, Carmich, ptarmicoides, E
sericea, Jacq. rupestris, Hu
D ; Santolina,
Acanthus longifolius, Poir. setacea, Wa ae Kit.

taygetea, Boiss. & Heldr.
Achillea Ageratum, L. umbellata, Sib. & Sm.

Willd.
decolorans, Schrad.- Aconitum heterophyllum,
filipendulina, Lam. Wall.

958—1375—11/98 Wt90 D&S 29

Aconitum, cont.
Lycoctonum, Z.

Napellus
nde, Mill.
uncinatum,
Actinolepis coronaria, A. Gray.
Actinomeris squarrosa, Nutt.
Adenophora liliifolia, Bess.
Adesmia muricata, DC.
Adonis aestivalis, L.
autumnalis, L.
ie DO.
Aethionema cappadocicum,
Spreng.

gracile, DC.
saxatile, AR. Br.

Aethusa Cynapium, L.

Agrimonia Eupatoria, L.

leucantha, Kunze.
odorata, Mill.

BRATEN DN Roem. &
S
* caninum, Beauv

dasyanthum, Ledeb.
desertorum, ae an lt.
divergens

pungens, item: & Schult.

repens, Beauv

ehanit Schrad.

tenerum, Vasey.

villosum, Link.

Agrostis alba, L.
alpina, Scop
vulgitin With.
Alchemilla vids L.
a a

fissa, Sch
openlist, "Chr ist,
vulgaris, L.

Alisma Plantago, L.

Allium angulos
atropurpureum, adl. &
it

pur

Allium, cont.

Bidwillie, S. Wats.

cardiostemon, Fisch. & Mey.

carinatum, L.,

cyaneum, Regel

Cy =e , Schott & Kotschy y.

fistu E

tein, Regel.

globosum, Red.

hirtifolium, Boıss.

hymenorrhizum, Ledeb.

karataviense, Regel.

margaritaceum,Sibth. & Sm.
oly,

narcissiflorum, Vill.

eg

odoru
orcophilun, = A. Mey.

orientale,
am, "Kan & Kir.
Porrum, L.
pulchellum, Don
durer d xim pe
roseum, L
- Schoenoprasum, L

— var. sibiricum, (L. ).
scorzoneræfolium, Red.

senescens, L
sphaerocephalum, Z
subhirsut

triquetrum,
ursinum, L.

Alonsoa incisifolia, Ruiz & Pav.
Warscewiczii, Regel.

Alopecurus ique L.
ratensis, L.

Althaea armeniaca, Tenor

can vites L. var.
s, Po ourr.
ficifolia, Cav.
kurdica, Schlecht.
Ludwigii, L
officinalis,
SS Waldst. & Kit.
Ca

nihal

v.
Paar sesto DC.

Alyssum argenteum, Vitm. |
corymbosum, Boiss.

creticum, L.

mere cont.
emonense

me
grandiflorutn, Hort. Kew.

olicum, Bess.
pyrenaicum, Lap.
xatile, L.

Amaranthus caudatus, L.
pochondriacus, L.

xus, L.
speciosus, Sims.
Amethystea caerulea, L.
Ammi majus, L.

Ammobium alatum, R. Br.

Ammophila arundinacea, Host.

Amsonia Tabernaemontana,
Walt.

Anacyclus radiatus, Loisel.

Anagallis arvensis, L.
linifolia, Z.

Anchusa capensis, Thunb.
officinalis, L.

Andropogon cirratus, Hack.
provincialis, Lam

Androsace filiformis, Petz.
macrantha, Boiss. & Huet.

na, Horn.

Andryala ragusina, L.

varia, Lowe.

Anemone decapetala, L.

sis, L.

multifida, Poir.
morosa, L.
pennsylvanica, L.
Pulsatilla, Z.
ME Buch-Ham.
sylve
Angelica dios Mazim.

Anoda hastata, Cav.
Wrightii, Gray.

Antennaria dioica, Gaertn, var.
tomentosa, Hort,

958

3

| Anthemis aetnensis, Schouw.

arvensis,
Chia, L.
cinerea, Panc.
Cotula, L.
cupaniana, Tod.
montana, L.
you L.
ar. discoidalis, Hort.

styriaca Vest.
tinctoria, L.
— Liliago, I.
— var. algeriense, B. & R.
Eme b i

Anthoxanthum odoratum, L.

| Anthyllis Vulneraria, L. var.
Dillenii.

| Antirrhinum Asarina, L.

’
Orontium, L.
rupestre, Boiss. & Reut.

. Apera interrupta, Beauv.

| a: Greenei, A. Gray,
r mo

llis, A. Gray
EM ianen Torr. & (NS

Aquilegia — L.
3 det ay.
eid aree Hise
sibirica, Lam.
vulgaris, L.

Arabis albida, Stev

"eov Lp *

hirsuta

d p Hornem.

pumila,

Soyeri, Rout, & Huet.
Aralia cordata, Thunb.
Archangelica officinalis, Hoffm.
Arctium majus, Bernh.

minus, Bern
Arenaria aretioides, Portenschl.

balearica, L.

capillaris, Poir.

— —
gothica,

en RR Schrad.

—- var. multiflora.

A2

Arenaria, cont.
oed pee L.
pinifolia, Bie
purpurascens, S Ramon:
serpyllifolia,

Argemone mexicana, L.

Arisarum proboscidium, Savi.

Armeria argyrocephala, Wallr.

Wi
Welwitschii, Boiss.

Arnica Chamissonis, gm
sachalinensis, 4. Gra

Arrhenatherum avenaceum,

Artemisia Absinthium, L.

annua, L.
canadensis, Micha.

rupestris, L
Arum italicum, Mill,

Asarum europaeum, L.
Hartwegii, Wats.

Asparagus officinalis, L.
Asperella hystrix, Willd.
Asperula azurea, = aub. & Spach,
galioides, Biel
tinctoria, L.
Asphodeline liburnica, Reichb.
Asphodelus albus, Willd.

Aster acuminatus, Micha.
8, L.
en Mom

. Novi-Belgii,

t

Aster, co
EN Willd.
ptarmicoides, Torr. & Gray.
puniceus, Z.
— var. lucidulus, Gray.

spectabilis, A?
tanacetifolius, H. B&B.
trinervius,

umbellatus, Mill.

Vahlii, Hook, & Arn.

Astilbe rivularis, Buch-Ham.
Thunbergii, Miq.

Astragalus adsurgens, Pall.
alopecuroides, L.

rade L.
chinensis, L.
chlorostachy S, Lindl.

Cie
denken Retz.
frigidus, A. Gray.
glycyphyllus, L.
graecus, Boiss.
kahiricus, DC.
monspessulanus, L.
lottis, L.
ponticus, Pall.
reflexistipulus, Miq.
tibetanus, Benth.

Astrantia major, L.
—var. carinthiaca,. (Hoppe.) .

Astrocarpus Clusii, Gay.
Athamanta Matthioli, Wulf.
Atriplex hastata, L.
ortensis, L.

littoralis, L.

rosea, L.

sibirica, L.
Atropa Belladonna, L.
Aubrietia deltoidea, DC.

gracilis, Sprun.

Avena distichophylla, Vil.

A vena, cont.
sect Huds.
mpervirens, Mec
Pago Schre

Baeria prem Fisch. &

doni. A. Gray.
gracilis, A. Gray.

Ballota hispanica, Benth.
Baptisia australis, PR. Br.

Basella rubra, Z.

Beckmannia erucaeformis, Host.

Berkheya Adlami, Hook.

J.
» purpurea, Benth. &
JS:

Hook

Beta maritima, L
irigyn a, Waldst. & Kit.
a,

Bidens cernua, L.
frondosa, L.

. grandiflora, Balb.
leucantha, Willd.
tripartita, L.

Biscutella auriculata, L.

ciliata, D
didyma, r

Blumenbachia insignis, Schrad.

Bocconia cordata, Willd.
microcarpa, Maxim.

Boltonia ea ge L’ Herit.
incisa
indica, Do

Borago officinalis, L.
Bouteloua oligostachya, Torr.
racemosa, A. Rich.
Boykinia rotundifolia, Parry.
Brachy Deere distachyum.

pinnatum, Beauv.
sylvaticum, R. & S.
Pon anges tiir
chinensis (L. J:

glau
EU van.

Brassica, cont.

oleracea, *
Briza media, L.

minor, L :
rer — Sm.

,

imei cay S. Wats.
. uniflora, Baker.

Bromus adoénsis, Hochst.
breviaristatus, Buch.

brizaeformis, Fisch. & Mey.
car rinatus, Hook. & Arn.

Laman Des

tectorum,
unioloides, H. B EK;

Browallia viscosa, H. B. Ea

Bryonia dioica, Jacq.

Bulbine annua, Willd.

Bulbinella Hookeri, Benth. &
Hook. f.

Bunias Erucago, L.
orientalis, L.

Buphthalmum grandiflorum, In -
speciosum, Schreb.

Bupleurum aureum, Fisch.
Candollei, Lr

croceum,
ile, ae,

longifolium

protra ctum, Hw; & Lk.

rotundifolium, £L.

stellatum,

Butomus en L.

Cakile maritima, Scop.

Calamagrostis confinis, Nutt.
epigeios, Roth.
lanceolata, Roth.

ia, Beauv.

Calamintha Acinos, Clairv.

i /
officinalis, Moench.

Calandrinia grandiflora, Lindl.
Menziesii, Torr. & Gray.
pilosiuscula, DC.
umbellata, DC.

Calceolaria mexicana, Benth.

Calendula arvensis, L.

rophylla, Lange.
en alis, L.
suffruticosa, Vahl.

Callirhée pedata, A. Gray.

POOR Meme Cass,

Caltha palustris, L.

a ino re HIE.

Camassia Cusickii, S. Wats.

nta, Li

Fraseri, T'orr.

Camelina sativa, Crantz.

Campanula alliariaefolia, Willd.
barbata, L.

bononiensis, L.
carpatica, Jacq.
— var. alba.

cervicaria, L.

tea v

colorata, Wal

danti i Sibth. & Sm.

— var. alba.

— var. attica, (Boiss. d
He det

Erinus, L.
bee "Schleich.
lomera à
lactiflora, Bieb.

latifolia, L.

sch.).

— var. macran
— var. VER: (Sibth. d

Sm.).
_latiloba, DO.

| — cont.

reyi, Pollini.
mucrosty a, Boiss.

pyrami idalis, L.
Eomae, Sibth. & Sm
rapunculoides,
reuteriana, Boiss. & Bal.

Scheuchzeri, "Vill.
sibirica,
-— var. divergens, dec jt

thyrsoides, L.
Trachelium, L. 2

Cannabis sativa, L.
Carbenia benedicta, Adans.
Cardamine chenopodifolia, Pers.’
graeca, L.
latifolia, Vahl.
Carduus crispus, L.
nutans, L.
stenolepis, Benth.
Carex adusta, Boo
alopecoidea, Tucker m.

arenari y ats
se Good.
iar rvis, Sn

Lan
Cris cored "Shuttl.

decomposita, Muhl.
depauperata, Good.
divu ood.
RN a
var. lepidocarpa,

— (Pause ch.).
— var. Ocderi uomo
— var.
fusca, Ll. :
hi
hordeistichos, Vil.
leporina, 4
paniculata, dr

ndula,

pe :
punctata, Gaud.

Carex, cont.
rariflora, Sm.
sparganioides, Muhl.
stellulata, Good.
rigosa, Huds.

teretiuscula, Goo od.
tribuloides, Wahlenb.
vulpin

vulpin eee, Miche.

Carrichtera Vellae, DC.
mes flavescens, Willd.

atus,
leucocaulos, Sibth. & Sm.
tinctorius, L.

Carum Carvi, L

copticum, ` Benth. &
Petroselinum, Benth. &
Hook. f.

Catananche caerulea, L.

Cedronella mexicana, Benth. var.
ana, Hook.

Celsia pontica, Boiss.
Cenchrus tribuloides, L.
Cenia turbinata, Pers.

Centaurea axillaris, Willd.

cynaroides, Link.
diluta, Dryand.
eriophora, L.
Fontanesii, Spach.
glastifolia, L.
gymnocarpa, Moris.

ea, Z,
melitensis, L
mont: L

,

nigra, L.
AUN UE

gee (Bernh >)

— var, olivieriana, (DC.).
Verutum, L.

Centranthus Calcitrapa, Dufr.
macrosiphon, Boiss.
ruber,

Cephalaria alpina, Schrad.

eucantha, Schrad.
radiata, rush. & Schenk.
syriaca, Schrad.
tatarica, Schrad.
transsylvanica, L.

Cerastium alpinum, Z. var. lan-
a

— var. villosum,

error
nA Adams.

Cerinthe alpina, Kit.
aspera, Roth. _

major, L.

retorta, Sibth. & Syme.
Chaenostoma foetida, Benth,
Chaerophyllum aromaticum, L.

Charieis heterophylla, Cass.
Cheiranthus Cheiri, L.

Chelidonium majus, Z.
— var. laciniatum.

Chelone Lyoni, Pursh.
nemorosa, Dougl.
obliqua, L.

EN album L.

brosoides, L.
Toina-Hépticuh. L.
Botrys,
ficifolium, Sm.
graveolens, Wild.

Chionodoxa Luciliae, Boiss.
— var. sardensis.

Chlorogalum pomeridianum,
Kunth.

Chorispora tenella, DC.

Chrysanthemum anserinae-
folium, | Hausskn. 4
Bornm

eu

coccineum, Wi
coronarium,

ax ond.
macrophyllum, Waldst. &
molowa, Desf.
pallens, J. Gay.
Parthenium, Bernh.

UM
viscosum,

Chrysopogon Gryllus, Trin.
Cichorium Intybus, L.

Cimicifuga cordifolia, Pursh.
acemosa, Nutt

Circaea lutetiana, L.
Cladium Mariscus, Br.

Clarkia elegans, Bug:
pulchella

mm aa Dougl.
Claytonia perfoliata, Donn.
sibirica, L.
Cleome violacea, L.
Cleonia lusitanica, L.
Clintonia uniflora, Kunth.
Clypeola cyclodontea, Delile.

Cnicus Acarna, L.
altissimus, Willd.

Br seers Spreng.
oleraceus, Lt.

Cnieus, con
rei og
syriacus,
tataricus, Willd.

Cochlearia danica, L.
glastifolia, L.
officinalis, L.

Codonopsis ovata, Benth.

Coix Lacryma-Jobi, L.

Collinsia arvensis, Greene.

- Parryi, A. Gray.
sparsiflora, Fisch. & Mey.
verna, Nutt.

Collomia coccinea, Lehm.
gilioides, Bent
grandiflora, Dougl.
linearis, Nutt.

Commelina coelestis, Willd.
Conium maculatum, Z.
Conringia orientalis, Dum.

Convolvulus pentapetaloides, L.
iculus,
tricolor, L
undulatus, Cav.

Corchorus olitorius, Willd. -

Coreopsis auriculata, L.
ondi, Torr. & Gray.
grandiflora, Nutt
lanceolata, L
tinctoria, Nutt.
Corispermum hyssopifolium, L.
Coronila atlantica, Boiss. &

eut.
wei rana e Willd.
elegans, Par

vaginalis, jt

varia, L.

Corrigiola littoralis, L.

Cortusa Matthioli, L.

Corydalis eapnoides, Wahlenb.
claviculata, DC.

Corydalis, cont.

glauca, Pursh.

lutea, A

racemosa, Pers.

sibiriea, Pers.
Corynephorus canescens, Beauv.
Cosmidium burridgeanum, Hort.
Cosmos bipinnatus, Cav.
Cotula coronopifolia, L.

Cotyledon lusitanicus, Lam.
Umbilicus, L. `
Crambe hispanica, L.
Crepis alpina, L.
urea, Reichb.
blattarioides, Vill.
grandiflora, Tausch.
hyoseridifolia, Reichb.
paludosa, Moench.

taraxacifolia, Thuill.
tectorum, L.

Crocus biflorus, Mill.
cancellatus, Herb. var. cili-

E ;
us, Ker-Gaul.
bonis a initan, Herb.
AH,
zonatus, Gay.
Crucianella aegyptiaca, L.
Crupina vulgaris, Cass.

Cryptostemma calendulaceum,
R.Br.

Cucubalus baceiferus, L.
Cucurbita Pepo, L.
Cuminum Cyminum, L.

eae Llavea, Lindl.
etorum, Benth

Cuphea, con
procu o ti Cav.
Tapas, Morr.
Cyclanthera explodens, Naud.
Cynara Cardunculus, L.
Scolymus, L.
Cynodon Dactylon, Pers.

Cynoglossum furcatum, Wall.
nervosum, Benth.
petiolatum, 4. D
pictum, Att.

Cynosurus cristatus, L.
ee esculentus, L.
ongus
vage Willd.
Dactylis glomerata, L.

. Dahlia coccinea, Cav.
Me

rckii, Lehm.

Datura Stramonium, L.
Tatula, L.

oti Carota, L.
mifer, Lain.
EUR Micha.

Delphinium Aes Reichb.
Royle.

m . Mey.

decorum, Fisch. & Mey.

dictyocarpum, DC.

elatum,

— var. alpinum, ( Waldst. d
Kit.

formosum, Boiss. & Huet.

, Bie
= var. turkestanicum.

-Staphisagria,
tatsienense, Franch.
vestitum, Wall.

Demazeria loliacea, N'ym.
sicula, Du?

Deschampsia caespitosa, Beauv.

Desmodium canadense, DC.

Dianthus arenarius, L.
Armeria, L.
vage All,
barbatus, L.
— var. -latifolius, ( Willd.).
caesius,
capitatus "DC.
carthusianorum, L.
Caryophyllus, P
chinensis, L.
ciliatus, Guss.
deltoides, L.
fragrans, Bieb
giganteus, quem
hirtus, Vill.
monspessulanus, L.
petraeus, s Waldst & Kit.

plumarius,

pungen aL.

Requieni Gren. & Godr.
Seguieri, Vill.

sylv aor , Wulf.
Waldsteinii, Sternb.

Dictamnus albus, L.

Dierama pulcherrimum, Baker.

Digitalis ambigua, Murr
aevigata, Waldst. 4 K it.
lanata, Ehrh.
lutea, T.
purpurea, L.
Thapsi, L.

Dimorphotheca annua, Less.
hybrida, DC.
pluvialis, Moench.
Dipeadi serotinum, Medic.
Diplachne fusca, Beauv.
Diplotaxis siifolia, Kunze.
tenuifolia, DC.
Dipsacus asper, Wall.
atratus, EA J. & Thoms.
ferox, €
fullon A i
pa Miq.
laciniatu
plumosus, Franch.
sylvestris, Mill.
Dischisma arenarium, E. Mey.
. spicatum, Chois.

Doronicum scorpioides, Lam.
Dorycnium herbaceum, Vill.
Downingia elegans, Torr.

Draba aizoides, L.

carinthiaca, H: Toppe.
rigida, Sau
hirt a; L.

hispida, Willd.

incana, L.

— var. stylaris.

Kotschyi, Stur.

lactea, Adams.

rigida, Willd

stellata, Jacq.
Dracocephalum grandiflorum,

heterophyllum, Benth.

Moldavica, L.

parviflorum, Nutt.

peregrinu
Dryas ibis E L.
Drymaria cordata, Willd.
Drypis spinosa, L.
Dulichium spathaceum, Rich.
Eatonia obtusata, A. Gray.
Ecballium Elaterium, A. Rich.

Echinodorus ranunculoides, En-
gelm.
Echinops bannaticus, Rochel.
obifer, or Y
8 oo halus,
à alb bidus, (Boiss. &
ran. 5)
Echium rosulatum, Lange.
v

Eclipta alba, Hassk.

Eleusine coracana, Gaertn.
icta, Roxb.

Elsholtzia cristata, Willd.
Elymus arenarius, L.
canadensis, L.

11

wenna cont.
. glaucifolius, 4.
edd Vahl.
ne
irginicus, L.

Emilia flammea, Cass.
Encelia subaristata, A. Gray.

se IE Li
— var. à

billapdicria dit, Sev

Dodonaei, Vill.

atan T. Forst.

Pursh.

anum, L.
mao c eU Cunn.
roseum, Schi
rosmarinifolium, Haenke.
tetragonum, L.

dues nd Host.
a, Nees

pilosa LL
Purshii, wir
tenuis, A. Gra

Eranthis hyemalis, Salisb.
Eremostachys laciniata, Bunge.

Eremurus kaufmanniana, Regel.
robustus, Regel.

Erigeron bellidifolius, Muht.
compositus, Pursh
glabellus, Nutt.

ar. asper.
macranthus, Nutt.
mucronatus, :
multiradiatus, Benth. &
Hook. f.

speciosus, DC.

strigosus, Muhl.

uniflorus, L.

Erinus alpinus, L.

Eriophorum
Roth.

angustifolium,

Erodium alsinefolium, Delil.
chium, Wi
ciconium, illd.
cicutarium, D Herit.

moleum,
Eruca sativa, Mill.
er alpinum, L
methystinum, L.
Boni ati, Goua
brómslietoliiin, ‘Delar.

aritimum, L.
oliverianum, Delar.
lanum, L.
vesieulosum, Labill.
Erysimum asperum, DC.
boryanum, Boiss.
hieracifolium
per rowskianum, Fisch. &
Mey.
Erythraea Centaurium, Pers.
inariifolia, dad
ramosissima,

— zen D
aespitosa, Brew

Eucharidium Breweri, Gray.
concinnum, Fisch. & Mey.
— var. grandiflorum.

Eupatorium ageratoides, L.
cannabinum.
purpureu m, L.
serotinum, E ichz.
sessilifolium, L.

Euphorbia coralloides, L.
dentata, Micha.
re ae Fisch.
L.
exigua, L.
hierosolymitana, Boiss.

e,

Myrsinites, L.

12

Euphorbia, cont. Funkia ovata, Spreng
pilosa, L. sieboldiana, Hook.
portlandica, L.

segetalis, E a Gahnia xanthocarpa, Hook.

dps L. Gaillardia aristata, Pursh.
stricta, L.
Yisaor Waldst. & Kit. Galanthus Elwesii, Hook. f.

Fagopyrum esculentum, | Galega officinalis, L.
oench. orientalis, Lam.

Fedia Cornucopiae, Gaertn. Galeopsis M ges Bartl.

Felicia fragilis, Cass. $

Ferula communis, L. d brachystephana,
F

egel
glanen 1 parviflora, Cav.
sheng jen Heldr. Galium A parine, L.
Ce, Boi. boreale, L
nodiflora, be . Mollugo, L.
persica, Willd. recurvum, Req.
tingitana, L. en i Aa Bieb.

Festuca sente Vil. UI oe
brom aie tole Gastridium australe, Beauv.
ca 0 Du

deis eus "M a ue Gaudinia fragilis, Beawv.

elatior, Lu ; ; ; ;
var. pratensis, (Huds). Gaura ie ET E Engelm. &
gigantea, ed Hs parviflora, Dougl.
heterophylla, Lam. Gentiana asclepiadea, L.
montana, ME var. altis- cruciata, L.
sima, lutea, L.
vem Lo septemfida, Pall.
rigida, Ku tibetica, King.
Pek eats Se hrad.
5 Geranium albanum, Bieb.
Foeniculum vulgare, Mil. anemonaefolium, D Herit.
Fragaria indica, Andr. bike Mites Li“
Fritillaria Mi aere Boiss. non ge h.
ae EE Kar eriostemon, Fisch.
na er. - einen N itt,
j ;
Malena L Londesii, Fisch.
palliditlora, Se hrenk. i dh
pu pratense, Li
Froelichia floridana, Moq. pusillum, Burm. f.
Ric soni, Fisch. &
Fumaria anatolica, Boiss. Trautv.
.J capreolata, L. rivulare, Vill.
officinalis, L. rotundifolium, L.

oe cont.
sanguineum, L.
sylvaticum, L.
wallichianum, E Don.
Wilfordi, Maxi
wlassovianum, Pise h.

Gerbera kunzeana, A. Br. &
Asch.

Geum chiloense Balb.
Heldreichii, Hort.
hispidum, Fries.
inclinatum, Schleich.
macrophyllum, Willd.

L

Ar
triflorum, Pursh.
urbanum

Gilia achilleaefolia, Benth.
andr Steud

qua
iseto, Bent
Gillenia trifoliata, Moench.

Gladiolus anatolicus, Hort.
atroviolaceus, Boiss.

Glaucium ir iru Curt.
lavum, var.
fulvum, (Sm. )
leptopodum, Mazim.

Glyceria aquatica, Sm.
Glycine Soja, Sieb. d Zuce.
Glycyrrhiza echinata, L.
lepidota, Pursh.
Gnaphalium indicum, Z.
luteo-album, ZL.
Gratiola officinalis, L.
Grindelia inuloides, Willd.
Guizotia abyssinica, Cass.

Gunnfra chilensis, Lam.
anicata, Linden
Gypsophila libanotica, Boiss.
muralis, L. ;

paniculata, L.

Rokejeka, "Delile.

Steveni, Fisch.
Hablitzia tamnoides, Bieb.
Hastingia alba, S. Wats.

Hebenstreitia comosa, Hochst.
tenuifolia, Schrad.

Hedysarum coronarium, L.
esculentum, Ledeb.
flexuosum,
microcalyx, Baker.
neglectum, Ledeb.
obscurum
spinosissimum, L.

Helenium autumnale, L.
Bolanderi, A. Gray.
quadridentatum, Labill.

Heleochloa schoenoides, Host.

Helianthella quinquenervis,
Gray. ;

uniflora, Torr. & Gray.

Helianthemum ledifolium, Mill.
sa I7)

villosum, Phib.

Helianthus annuus, L.
Spur Me Torr. & Gray.
debilis Nut
laetiflorus, or

Helichrysum bracteatum,
Andr.
natum, DC.
serotinum, Boiss.
Heliophila amplexicaulis, L. f.

Heliopsis laevis, Pers.

.| Heliotropium europaeum, L.

Helipterum anthemoides, DC.
humboldtian C.

Manglesii, "P. Miel.
roseum, Benth

*

Helleborus encor Regel.
orientalis, Lan

Felonisa bier: L.
ar. latifolia.

Hemerocallis flava, L.
fulva, L.
Heracleum ben Bieb.

, Willd.
lanatum, Mi ichz.
Leichtlini, Hort.
pyrenaicum, Lam.
Sphondylium, L.
villosum, Fisch.

Herniaria glabra, L.
irsuta, L
Hesperis matronalis, L.
Heterospermum pinnatum, Cav.
Heterotheca Lamarckii, Cass.
Hen cylindrica, Dougl.
rummondi, Hort.
m Willd.
pilosissima, Fisch. & N:
sanguinea, Engelm
HibiscusTrionum, Z.

Hieracium alpinum, L.
eg L.
ran iacum

a
natum, : Waldst. & Kit,
lactucaefolium, Arv. T'ouv.

„All.
stolonifiorum, Waldst. &
umbellatum, L.

Hieracium, cont.
osum, Jacq.
qapa Fries.

Hilaria rigida, Vasey.
Hippocrepis multisiliquosa, L.
Hippuris vulgaris, L.

Holcus lanatus, L.

Hordeum bulbosum, L.

num,

quand Si chreb.
Horminum pyrenaicum, Z.
Hosackia purshiana, Benth.

Humulus japonicus,Sieb.d Zuce.
— var. variegatus.

Hutchinsia petraea, Br.

Hyacinthus amethystinus, L.
romanus

Hydrocotyle repanda, Pers.
v :

Hyoscyamus muticus, L.
niger, L.

Hypecoum — M Benth.
procumbens,

Hypericum atomarium, Boiss.
Coris, L.

Gebleri, C. A. Mey.

polyphy Nam. Boiss.
pulchrum, in
pyramidatum, Ait.
quadrangulum, Z
rhodopeum, Friv,
tomentosum, Z.

| Hypochoeris aetnensis, Ces.

Passer.
glabra, L.

Hyssopus officinalis, Z
—var. oe (Jord.).

Iberis amara, L.
ectinata, Boiss.
k abelis ta,
—var. carnea.

Impatiens amphorata, Hdgw.

Roylei, Walp.
scabrida, DC.

Inula barbata, Wall.

bifrons, L.
Conyza, DO.
ensifolia, L.
glandulosa, Puschk.
grandiflora, Willd.
E x dis

Ead. C. B. Clarke.
ao „Do.

salic
een Spreng.

Ionopsidium albiflorum, Dur.

Ipomoea purpurea, Lam.
sinuata, Orteg.
lris foetidissima, L.
graminea, L
—var. latifolia, Spach.
laevigata, Fisch.
sibirica
spuria, L.
—var. notha, (Bieb.).
Isatis glauca, Auch.
inctoria, L.
Villarsii, Gawd.

Isopyrum fumarioides, L.
Iva xanthifolia, Nutt.

Jasione montana, L.
perennis, Lam.

Jasonia tuberosa, L.

Juncus alpinus, Vill.

8, L.
Gharama, Kunth.
compressus, Jacq.
effusus, ZL.

15

| Juncus, cont.

| per Sib

la amprocarpus, ‘Ehrh.
maritimus,

tenuis, Willd.

Jurinea alata, Cass.
cyanoides, DC.

Kitaibelia vitifolia, Willd.

Kochia scoparia, Schrad.

Koeleria albescens, DO.
cristata, Pers.
phleoides, Pers.

setacea, Pers. var, valesiaca,

(Gaud.).
Lactuca brevirostris, Champ.
ae E. Mey.
peren
Plumieri, Gren. & Godr.
igna, L.
sativa, L.
Scariola, L.
virosa, L.
Lagenaria vulgaris, Ser.
Lallemantia canescens, Fisch. &
ey.
iberica, Fisch. & Mey.
peltata, Fisch. & Mey.
Lamarckia aurea, Moench.
Lapsana communis, L.

Lasiospermum radiatum,
Trevir.

Lasthenia glabrata, Lindl.
Lathraea Squamaria, L.

Lathyrus angulatus, L.
annuus, L.

Aphaca, L.
articulatus, L.

maritimus, a
montanus, rnh.

niger. E eiie

Lathyrus, cont.
Nissolia, L

un DC.
palustris, L.
rotundifolius, Willd.

undulatus
variegatus, Gren & Godr.
venosus, Muh

Lavatera cachemiriana,Cambess.

thuringiaca, L.
‘trimestris, L.
an es Hook. & Arn.
elegans, Torr. & Gray.
platyglossa, A. Gray.
Lens esculenta, Moench.

Leontodon autuinnalis, E.
crispus, Vill.
hrenbergii, Hort. Kew.
hastilis, L.
Leontopodium alpinum, Cass. .

Leonurus Cardiaca, L.
sibiricus, L.

Lepidium Draba, L.
graminifolium, L.
i h

sativum, L.
virginicum, L.

Leptosyne Douglasii, DC.
maritima, A. Gray.
Lepturus cylindricus, Trin.
Leucojum vernum, L.
Leuzea conifera, DC,
Liatris spicata, Willd.

ee un Spreng.
pyr m, Gouan.

sal, Kor h.
ee C. B. Olarke.

16.

| Limnanthes alba, Hartw,
, Hartwg.

rosea

Linaria albifrons, Spreng.

genistifolia, Mill.
heterophylla, Desf.
hirta, Moench.

maroccana, Hook. f.
minor, Desf.
multipunctata, Hoffmgg. &

ink.

peloponnesiaca, Boiss. &
Heldr.

purpurea, L.

reticulata, Desf.

sapphyrina, Hoffmg. & Lk.

saxatilis, "Hofmgg. & Link.

rdi Hoffmgg. & Link.
stri

‚triornihophora, Willd.
triphylla,

tristis, Mill.

vulgaris, Mill,

Lindelophia spectabilis, Lehm.

Linum angustifolium, Huds.
nervosum, "Waldst. & Kit.
usitatissimum, L.

Loasa muralis, Griseb.
vulcanica, Andre.

Lobelia cardinalis, L.
rinus, L.

tenuior, R. Br,
triquetra, L

Lolium multiflorum, Lam.
perenne, L

Lonas inodora, Gaertn.

Lopezia coronata, Andr.

Lotus esit L.
maj
ornithopodioides, L.
siliqu

17

Lotus, « | Malva Alcea, L.
ita Waldst, & Kit. | i

Tetragonolobus, Z. Duriaei, Hort. Kew.

: moschata, L.
Lunaria annua, L. oxyloba, Boiss.
unum — Agardh. parviflora,

angustifolius, L. rotundifolia, L.

ar —— Sims. sylvestris, L.
Cosentini, Guss.
densiflorus, Benth.
elegans, . 4 K. Marrubium astracanieum, Jacq.
leptophylla, Ji Benth. pannonicum, Reichb,

us, Dougl.

mutabilis oe Matricaria glabra, Ball.
inodora, L.

Malvastrum limense, Ball,

nanu à Dos E
RaT Lindl.
pubescens, Benth. Matthiola incana, R. Br.
pulchellus, Sweet. sinuata, R. Br.
tricolor, Hort. tricuspidata, R. Di.
Luzula maxima, DC. tristis,
nivea, DC. Mazus rugosus, Lour.
Lychnis eigen L.
Coeli-rosea, Backh.
— var, elegans, Hort.
— “Desr.

Meconopsis cambrica, Vig.
Wallichi, Hook.

— var. oculata. Mpa apiculata, Willd.
diua, falcata, L.
Flos-cı wen Desr
os-cuculi, L a,
fulgens, Fisch ae ens y
Githago, maculata, Sibth
grandiflora, Jacq. marina,
haageana, Lemaire. se :
gasc ,
len ates mle All,
i i sativ:
TM f auatelbat a AU
Lycopersicum esculentum, Mill tiber cuiii Willd.

Lycopus europaeus, L. Melica altissima, L.

> =. ciliata,
Lycurus phleoides, H. B. & K. — War, penicillaris, (Boiss.
paoe atropurpurea, L.
rystach

E Bunge. git auca F. Schultz var.

It

Lythrum Graefferi, Tenore.

hyssopifolia, L.
Salicaria, L.
Madia elegans, D. Don.
sativa, Molina.
Malcolmia africana, R. Br.
u Sibth.
maritima, R. Br.
958

nebrodensis, (Parl.).
rr Retz.

Melilotus ue Desr,
indiea, A
tn Lam.

Mentha Pulegium, L.
sylvestris, L.
viridis, L.

Mercurialis annua, L.
Mesembryanthemum pomeridi-
anum, L.
pyropeum, Haw.
Meum Athamanticum, Jacq.

Mimulus cardinalis, Doug.

luteus, L.
moschatus, Dougl.

Mirabilis divaricata, Lowe.

Jalapa,

longiflora, L.
Modiola multifida, Moench.
Molinia caerulea, Moench.

Molopospermum cicutarium,
DC.

Momordica Charantia, L.
Monolepis trifida, Schrad.
Moricandia arvensis, DC,

Moscharia pinnatifida. Ruiz &
Pav. :

Muehle nbergia glomerata, Trin.

na, Trin

sylvatica, Torr. & Gray.
Willdenovii, Trin.

Muscari Argaei, Hort.
niacum, Baker
bilganni Boiss. i Reut.
omosum, Mill.
Heldreichii, Boiss.

.

ill.
szovitsianum, Baker.

— arvensis, Lam.
dissitiflora, Baker.
"sed Lam.
sylvatica, Hoffm.

Myosurus minimus, Z.
Myriactis nepalensis, Less.

Myrrhis odorata. Scop.

Narcissus Pgendo-narcisssug, L,

18

Nasturtium montanum, Wall,

Nemesia floribunda, oe
pubescens, Ben
versicolor, E. ia Wy.

-

pa pa ia insignis, Fuge:
ta, ben
Mennen, Hook. . & Arn.
parviflora, Dougl.

Nepeta azurea, R B"
Cataria, L.
toti ii Boiss. & Heldr.
Y E

spicata, Benth.
suavis, Stapf.

Nicandra physaloides, Gaertn.

Nicotiana acuminata, Hook.
alata, Link & 200.
u, Wat

dorffii, Si hrank:

sylvestris.
Tabacum, L.

Nigella damascena, L.
hispanica, L
orientalis, L.
sativa, L
Nolana prostrata, L.
Nonnea lutea, Reichb.
Nothoscordum fragrans, Kunth.

Oenanthe crocata, L.
pimpinelloides, L.
Oenothera amoena, Lehm.
berteriana, Spach.
biennis,
— var. grandiflora, Torr. &
G

ray.
densiflora, Lindl.

odorata, Ji aeq.

Oenothera, cont.
pumila, L.
riparia, Nuit.
ea, Ai
sinuata, L.
speciosa, Nutt.
tenella
tetraptera, Cav.
Omphalodes linifolia, Moench.
Onobrychis sativa, Lam.
Ononis arvensis, L.
rotundifolia, L.
spinosa,
Onopordon Acanthium, L.
sibthorpianum, Boiss.

Opoponax Chironium, Koch.
Orchis foliosa, Soland.
inearnata, L.
latifolia, L.
maculata, L.
Origanum vulgare, L.

Ornithogalum arcuatum, Stev.

Ornithopus en L.
sativus,

Orobanche elatior, Sutt.
He

minor,
ramosa, L.

Oryzopsis multiflorum, Benth. &
Hook. f.

Oxalis corniculata, L.

Oxybaphus albidus, Sweet.
nyctagineus, Sweet.

Oxytropis ochroleuca, Bunge.
Palaua dissecta, Bent.
Pallenis spinosa, Cass.

Panicum bulbosum, H. B. & K.

capillare,
958

19

Panicum, cont.

apulum,

ie IP

orientale, L.

— var. bracteatum, (Lindl.).
pavoninum,

pilosum, Sibth. ` &Sm.

Rh

oeas,
— var. latifolium, P ain.

rupifragum, Boiss, eut.
— var. atlanticum, Ball.
somniferum,

Paracaryum heliocarpum, Kern.
Parietaria officinalis, L.

Parnassia nubicola, Wall.
palustris,

Peganum Harmala, L.
Pennisetum macrourum, Trin.

Pentstemon barbatus, Roth.
mpanulatus, Willd,
confertus, Pongi
diffusus, Doug
ee: re "var. steno-
lus, A. Gray.
Haresvágti; Benth.
laevigatus, Soland. var.
Digitalus, A. Gray.
ovatus, Doug
pubescens, [o land.

Petunia nyctaginiflora, Juss.
aegopodioides,

coriaceum, Reichb. f.
gallicum, Latour,

B2

Peucedanum

ae cont.

ns, Benth.
offici
sativum, “Benth, & Hook. f.
a, Kurz.

vérticillare, Spreng.

dies bipinnatifolia, Miche.
mpa ula ray.

i, Torr,
veru et Benth.
viscida, 7'
Whitlavia, “A. Gray.
Phaenosperma globosa, Munro.

Phalaris canariensis, L.

tuberosa, L.

Phaseolus multiflorus, a illd.
ricciardianus, 7'
tuberosus, Lours se
vulgaris, L.

Phleum asperum, Jacq.
Boehmeri, W7bel.
pratense, L.

Phlomis agraria, Bunge.
etigera ;
tuberosa, L.
umbrosa, Turez,

viscosa, Poir.

Phygelius capensis, X. Mey.

Physalis gr L.
Francheti, Masi
ee L.

Physochlaina orientalis, G. Don.

Physostegia virginiana, Benth.

Phyteuma canescens, Waldst. d:

Kit.
Halleri, All,
nee eei
orb:

6;
Bene. All.
spicatum «rp

Phytolacea acinosa, Roxb,

m e.n cont,
ecandra, L.
oc he ndra, L

Picridium tingitanum, Desf.
Picris echioides, L

ieracioides, L.
pauciflora, Willd.

Pimpinella magna, L.
Pisum arvense, L.

elatius, Bieb.
sativum, L.

S

Plantago arenaria, Waldst.

Candollei, Rafin.
Coronopus, L.
C 3

ynops,
Lagopus, L.
mar itima, L.

patagonica, Jac q.
Platycodon grandifiorum,4.DC.
Platystemon californicus, Benth.

Pleurospermum angelicoides,
Benth.

Plumbago micrantha, Ledeb.
Poa abyssinica, Jacq.

alpina, L.
arachnifera, Torr.

nevadensis, Vasey.
palustris, Roth.

trivialis, L.

violacea, Bell.
Podolepis acuminata, R. Br.
Podophyllum Emodi, Wa.

Folemoninm Ser enit L.

ride adiing Baker.

Polemonium, cont.
m

anum, Ce;
pa sncifloram, S. Wats.
reptans

Polygonatum biflorum, Kl.
verticillatum, All.

Polygonum aviculare, L.
Bi L

Convolvulus

ee:

Pers a, 4,
Weyrichii, F. Schmidt.

Polypogon maritimus, Willd.
monspeliensis, Desf.

-

Polypteris texana, A. Gray.

Portulaca grandiflora, Hook.
o ‘

Potentilla alchemilloides,

na (Tenore). :
Mn Da sh.
argyrophylla, Wall.

ly 1, Boi iss. & Bal.

Comarum, Nesil.
collina, Wibel.

etommasii, Tenore.
digitata x flabellata.
glandulosa, Lindi.
gracilis, Dowgl.
heptaphylla, a ill,
hippiana, Lehn

irta,
kotschy ana, Penat-
kurdica, Boi
montenegrina, Pantoc.
mooniana, Wight.

ultifida, L.

nevadensis, Boiss.

pyrenaica, Ramond.
ta, L

, .
— var. laciniata.
— var. macrantha.
— var. palmata.

21

ee cont,
Nutt.
eru n" 8
rupes
re gear. Regel.
TM Hort.

var. mille-

Sibbaldia, Hall. f.

Visianii, Pa
Bero ing "Fisch. d Mey.

Poterium alpinum, S Kew.

Sanguisorba, L.
Pratia angulata, Hook. f.
Preslia cervina, Fresen.
Primula en L.

denticulata, Si

elatior, Hill.
japonica, A. Gray.
obeonica, Hance.

a
Poissoni, Franch.
rosea, Royle.
verticillata, Forsk.
haee Huds.
r. coerulea,

ise a eme Jacq.
r. laciniata, Hof.
Bere reis; "M
vulgaris, L.

Psoralea macrostachya, DU.
physodes, Hook.

Pulicaria dysenterica, Gaertn.

Pycnanthemum lanceolatum,
Pursh.

Pyrrhopappus carolinianus, DC.

Queria hispanica, L.

Ramondia pyrenaica, Wich.

er as L.

veni.
id
brutins, "Tenore.
cauca

easieus, Bieb.
sch Find In

are cont.

Cy bee, Pursh.
L.

lanuginosus, L.
ingua,

muricatus, L.

opo Oaol us. Vil.

parviflorus,
trilobus, Desf.

Raphanus maritimus, Si.
sativus, L.

Rapistrum rugosum, Berger.
Relhania sessiliflora, Thunbg.
Reseda alba, L.

Luteola, L
odorata, L.
capa "Boiss. & Reut.

Rhagadiolus stellatus, Gaertn.
Rheum collinianum, Baill.
E Wall.

modi al
Franzenbachii, Muent.

webbianum, Royle,
Ricinus communis, L.
Roemeria hybrida, DC.
Rubia peregrina, L.

tinctorum, L.

Rudbeckia amplexicaulis, Vahl.
digit: j

hirta, L
iniata, L.
speciosa, Wender.
Rumex alpinus, L.
ucephalophorus, L.
conglomeratus, Murr.
crispu

nepalensis, Spreng.

22

Rumex, cont.

salicifolius, Wein.
sanguineus,
scutatus, L.
vesicarius, L.

Ruta graveolens, L.

Sagina glabra, Fenzl.
— var. pilifera, (Fenzt).

Salpiglossis re is, Hook. var.
grandiflor:
sinuata, fonat & Pav.
Salsola vex L. var Tragus,

Salvia ee a, L.
Beckeri, Trautv.
cadmica, Boi.

Co lumbariae, "Benth.
Sa,

8
racteis violaceis.
interrupta, "etg
nubicola,

a, Trautv,
sehen, Stapf,
Scla vi ». “=
sylvestris, L.
tiliaefolia, Vahl,
vets Hance.
Verbenaca, L
Véssifis, L.
virgata, Ait.
viscosa, Jacq.
Samolus Valerandi, L.
Sanvitalia procumbens, Lan.

grapes calabrica, Guss.
cam lis E
Ves

. Saracha Jaltomata, Schlecht.

Satureja montana, Ja.

Saussurea Biber Hook. f. &
T'hoi

discolor: DC.
laximowiczii, Herd.

Sei sie Aizoon,
t Gai (Br uegg.).
c ar iner
— var. rota z
caesia, L.
caespitosa, L.
cartilaginea, Willd.
cochlearis, Reichb.
Cotyledon, L,

pyramidalis,

inmanni, (Tausch).
erosa, Pursh

— var. altissima, (Kern.).

— var. macnabiana, Hort.
hypn ds
— I.

ta, Be

r. lantoscana, (Boiss. &
Rais,

mertensiana, Bongard.

pelis Torr. & Gra y.
rotundifolia, L.

— var. hirsut
sarmento ^
Sibthorpii, Boiss.
trifurcata, Schrad.
umbrosa, L.

— var. gracilis.

Scabiosa amoena, Jacq.
arvensis, L.
war tag 2,
australis, Wulf.
banatica, Waldst. & p^
brachiata, Sibth. & S

en L.
gramuntia, L.
Btegrifulis L.
isetensis, £L.

33

Scabiosa, cont.
lancifolia, Zernat.
macedonica, Vis.

icra Desf.

palaestina, L.
Portae, Huter.
prolifera, L.
oe L.

triniefolia, Rit ivald.
vestina,

Seandix Balansae, Reut.

Schizanthus pinnatus, Ruiz &
Pav,

Schizopetalum Walkeri, Sis.

Scilla amoena, L.
bifolia, L.
festalis, Salisb.
hispanica, Mill.
peruviana,
sibirica, And CWS.
verna, Huds.

Scirpus de in E Miche.
Holo € L
mariti
poly shyllnk Vahl.
triqueter, L.

|
|! Scleranthus annuus, L.

| Sclerocarpus uniserialis, Benth.
& Hook. f.

| Scopolia lurida, Dun.
| Scorpiurus vermiculata, L.

| Scorzonera hirsuta, L.
villosa, Scop.

re, Ea Gilib.
here y.
aquatica.
chrysantha, Jaub. & Spach.
nodosa, L.

pere regrina, Z

Scorodonia, L.

sylvatica, "Boi ss. & Heldr.
vernalis, L.

| Scutellaria albida, L.
alpina, L.

Scutellaria, cont.
altissima,

baicalensis, Georgi.
galericulata, L.

Securigera Coronilla, ZL.

Sedum FER L.
album
ae L.
caeruleum, Vahl.
hispanicum, Z.
hybridum, Mis
maximum, Su
— Var, eect S
roseum, Scop.
beter L.
villos
wallichianum, Hook. f. &

Thoi

Selinum Gmelini, Bray.
tenuifolium, Wali.

Sempervivum arvernense, Lecoq
on otte,

Boissieri, Hort

bogaan Billot &
Gren

ee; Fisch

mettenianum, Schnittsp.

Hort.

Pomellii, Lamotte.
Royeni .
speciosum, Taine
tectorum, L.

— var. Ticinum Hort.
Verloti, Lamotte.

Senecio adonidifolius, Loisel.
ineraria " P
diversifolius, Wall.
Ss f

japonicus, Sch. Bip.
Kaempferi,
macrophyllus, Bieb.
nemorensis, L.
ualidus, Z.
suaveolens, EN,
viscosu s L.

v-

jhi

etes coronat Ad.
Gmelinii, Ledeb.
bs "ande Desf.
mee Bieb.
tinctoria,

Sesamum indicum, L.

Seseli annuum, L.
elatum, L.
osseum, Crantz.

Setaria glauca, Beauv.

verticillata, Beauv.
viridis, Beauv.

Sida Napaea, Cav.
Sidalcea candida, A. Gray.
Sideritis scordioides, L.
Siegesbeckia orientalis, L.
Silene alpestris, Jacq.

Armeria, L.

chloraefolia, Sim. var. swer-

tifolia.
chromodonta, Boiss. &
eut,
ciliata, Pourr

eretic

echina

longiflora, Ehrh.
peine dn Vis.
Muscipula,
noctiflora, L

nutans, L.
obtusifolia, Willd.
pendula, L.

T

Silene, cont.
cote L.

T diete

verecunda, S. Wats.
vesiculifera, J. Gay.

Siler trilobum, Scop.
Silphium perfoliatum, L.
imum, EU.

. sea

trifoliatum, L

— var. ternatum, Retz.
Silybum eburneum, Coss.

Marianum, Gaertn.

Sisymbrium assoanum, Losc. &
Pard.

austriacum, Jacq.
multifidum, Willd.
polyceratium, L.
Sophia
strictissimum, Z.
Sisyrinchium
Mill.
striatum, Si.

Sium latifolium, $.
nipponicum, Maxim.

mE racemosa, Desf.
ta, Desf.

Puymianm — L.

perfoliatum, L.
lien; Mill.

Solanum etuberosum, Lindl.

guineense, Lain.

* i 4 m, z

villosum, Willd.
Solenanthes lanatus, 4.DC.

angustifolium,

35

Solidago eir Ait.
canadensi
Drum mondi, Torr. & Gray Ws
S, Ai
lomerata, Michx.
fithospormifpiti. Willd.
Virgaurea, L.

Sonchus oleraceus, L.
palustris, L

Sorghum vulgare, Pes.

Sparganium simplex, Huds,

Spartina polystachya, Willd.

Specularia see d A DC.
hybrida, DC. f.

Spergula arvensis, £L.
Sphaeralcea rivularis, Torr.
Spinacea oleracea, L.

Spiraea Aruncus, L.
Filipendula, L.

TEFA ze gt ds.
-— intermedia.
aint, E
arvensi
Betonica, Benth.
grandiflora, Benth.
setifera , C. A. Mey.
sylvatica, L.

Statice bellidifolia, Gouan.
Bor idu estib.

Limon

te, "Gir ard.
sinuata,

subpu bera, Hort.
Suworowi, . Regel.
Thouini, Viv.

| Stevia serrata, Cav.

Stipa Aristella, L.
pala Ody», Wahlenb.
a, L.

rin.
viridula, 7'rin.

Swertia cordata, Wall.
perennis, L.

Symphyandra Hofmanni, Pant.

pendula, A.
Wanneri, Heu ff.

Symphytum peregrinum, Ledeb.

Synthyris reniformis, Benth.
Tagetes erecta, L.

patula, L.

pusilla, H.B «€ K.
Tamus communis, L.
Tanacetum vulgare, L
Taraxacum gymnanthum, DC.
Teesdalia nudicaulis, Br.

regularis, Sm.
Telephium Imperati, L.
Tellima grandiflora, R Br.

io nn L'Herit.
expansa, Mu

Teucrium Arduini, L.
ureum, Schreb.
Botrys, L.
canadense, L.
Chamaedrys, L.

montanum, L.
multiflorum, L.
Scorodonia, L.

Thalictrum angustifolium, L.

minus,

"aed collinum, ( Wallr.)
elatum, (Jacq

Bee flexuosum, (Bern.

— var.pubescens,(Schleie E

26

Thalictr d £ po,
purpurascens,
por men ji):
cages Gren, & Godr.
squarrosum, Stephan.
Thaspium trifoliatum, A. Gray.
Thelesperma filifolium,A. Gray.

Thermopsis caroliniana, M. A.
Curtis.

Thladiantha dubia, Bunge.

Thlaspi arvense, L.
kot I Boiss.
latifolium,
perfoliatum, L.

Tinantia fugax, Scheidw.
| Tolmiea Menziesii, Torr. &
| Gray.

Tolpis barbata, Gaertn.
Trachelium caeruleum, Z.
Trachymene pilosa, Sm.

Tragopogon major, L.
pratensis, L.

Tragus racemosus, Hall.
Tricholepis furcata, DC.
Tridax trilobata, Hems/.

Trifolium agrarium, Z.

| hybridum, Z.

| incarnatum, Z.
| lappaceum, Z.
| leucanthum, Bieb.
maritimum, Huds.
| medium

| multistriatum, Koch.
| pannon

| Portat nodd,

| Godr.
l pratense, L.
procumbens, L.

28 ren.

Trifolium, cont.
purpureum, Loisel
idum, Greene
repens, L.
resupinatum, L.
r L

Ins dA
ne Lindl.

Triglochin maritimum, Z.
P

b ese ea L.
a
eg: Bois
Foenu in-graecum, L.
ridi Bois
polycerata, fy

Trillium grandiflorum, Salisb.

Tripteris cheiranthifolia,
Schultz.

Trisetum flavescens, Beauv.

Triticum Aegilops, Beauv.
monococcum,

wiper Hor nem.
vulgare, Vill
Tritonia Pottsii, Benth.
reine aduncum, Sin.
majus
minus, 5

Troximon chilensis, Benth. d
Hoo

grandiflorum, A. Gray.
laciniatum, A. Gray.

T — baise Sc T
axifraga, Scop

Typha angustifolia, L.

latifolia, L.

stenophylla, Fisch. & Mey.
Uniola latifolia, Mich.
Urospermum picroides, Desf.

21

Ursinia pulchra, N, E. Br.

Urtica membranacea, Poir.
pilulifera,
— var. balearica, (zs).
— var, Dodarti, (L.)
thunbergiana, Sieb. & Zuce.
— haac ug
xaltata, Gitan).

pies. sambu cifolia,
(Mikan).
Phu, Z.

Valerianella carinata, Loisel.
coronata, D

a, Poll.
vesicaria, Moench,
Vella annua, L.
Venidium perfoliatum, Less.
Verairum nigrum, L.
Verbascum Chaixii, Vill.
Lychnitis, Z

phlomoides, L.
pulverulentum, Vill.
sinuatum, L.
Thapsus, L:

Verbena a Miche.

Aublet
i = B.
bonariensis, L.
caroliniana, Mich.r
inalis,

‘urticifolia, L.
Verbesina helianthoides, Michx.
Veronica aphylla, L.

austriaca, L.
Bidwillii, Hook. f.
al Maud.

Veronica, cond.
saxatilis, Scop.
picata, dee
virgin ic a, Ir
— var. EUER (Steud.).
Vesicaria grandiflora, Hook.

Vicia amphicarpa, Dorth.
ar eyr.

nod ater Des
Crae
disperma, DC.
denn
— equina, (Steud.).
julgens, Batand,
gigantea, Hook.
melanops, RER d Sm.
narbonen š
pratensis, "Mort.
pyrenaica, Pourr.

L.

ca, L.
uga, Lu Braun.
VUE Roth

Vincetoxicum
Reichb. f.
nigrum, Moench.
officinale, Moench.

Viola cornuta, L.
elatior, Fries.

fuscatum,

28

Viola, cont.
hirta, L.
Jooi, Janka.
utea, Huds.
odorata, L.
palustris, Z.
mene Mert. & Koch.

pubese Ait
rotnndifoli, Mi iche.

tricolor, L.

Volutarella Lippii, Cass
muricata, Benth. d Hook. f:

Wahlenbergia dalmatica, A. DU.
lobelioides, Link.
serpyllifolia, Hort. Kew.
tenuifolia, A.DC.

Waitzia aurea, Steetz.

Xanthisma texanum, DC.

Xanthium spinosum, Z.
strumarium, L.

Dop eeen gymnosper-
oides, Benth. & Hk. f.

Xeranthemum annuum, L.
Zaluzianskya capensis, Walp.
Zauschneria californica, Presl. -
Ziziphora tenuior, L.

Zygadenus elegans, Pursh.

TREES
Acanthopanax
Seem.

Acer gg 5
— var. aetn
— var. dolis. Wallr.
circinatum, Pursh.
cori tet "Tausc. h.

m, Fisch. & Mey.
insigne, Bois, & Buhse.
japonicum, Thunb.
Lobelii, 7enore.

AND

sessiliflorum,

SHRUBS.

Acer, ce
er cdi Pursh.

miei 2: tione
tatari

Ailantus Se oo Desf.

Alnus cordifolia, A e.
glutinosa, G^;

subcordata, C. A. Mey.
viridis, DC.

Amelanchier n Nutt.
canadensis, Torr. & Gray.
vulgaris, Moench.

Amorpha canescens, Nutt,
fruticosa, L.

Andromeda polifolia, L.

Arbutus pa S L.

esii, Pur sh.
Brake, L.

Arctostaphylos
preng.

— var. californica.
Aucuba japonica, Thunb.
Berberis aetnensis, Presl.

angu Wall.

Aquifolium, Pur.

— var. P p TUR Nichols.
— var. murrayana, Hor

— var. umbellata.

iie iir Lain
nadensis, Puy ‘sh.

concinna, 4m d

Sieboldii, Mig.

— var. foliis purpureis.
wallichiana, DC.

Betula alba, Z
— var. pubescens, Loud.

U va-Ursi,

29

Betula, cont
corylifolia, Regel & Maxim.
davurica, Pall.

thing he
eg Pall
gr ben] Regel,
Nimis, Schrenk.

lenta, L.
lutea, Mich.
nana,
pa yrifera, Marsh.
popim Marsh.
pumila, L. var. gg
eepe Sieb. & Zuce
Bruckenthalia spiculifolia,
Reichb.
Buddleia interpa, Carr,
japonica, Hemsl
variabilis, Hem sl.

Buxus sempervirens, 7;.
latifolia.
— var. prostrata.
Calluna vulgaris, Salisb.
Calophaca wolgarica, Fisch.

Calycanthus occidentalis, Hook.
& Arn,

Caragana arborescens, Lam.
— var. Redowskii.
aurantiaca, Koehne.
brevispina, Royle.
rutescens,
microphylla, Lam.
pygmaea, DC.

Carmichaelia australis, R. Br.

Carpinus Betulus, E:
— var. inci
caroliniana, Walt.
orientalis, Mill.

Cassandra calyeulata, D. Don,

Cassinia fulvida, Hook. f.
leptophylla, Hort.

Catalpa cordifolia, Jaume.

Ceanothus americanus, L.
Arnoldi, Hort.

azureus, Desf.
grandiflorus, Hort,

Ceanothus, cont,
integerrimus, Hk. & Arn.
papillosus, Torr. & Gray.

Celastrus articulatus, Thunb.

Celtis sericis L
occidentalis, L.
To hielo Lam.

Cistus hirsutus, Lam.
laurifolius, Z.
salvifolius, £L.
vaginatus, Ait.

Cladrastis amurensis, Benth.
Clematis aethusifolia, Turez.

campaniflora, Brot.

fusca, Tu?
lanuginosa, "Lindt.
orientalis,

las
songorica, Bunge.

Vitalba, L.
Viticella, L. var. alba.
; rubra.

Clethra acuminata, Michx.

alnifolia, L.

— var. Michauxii.
apes arborescens, L.

d d.

ple rg Boiss,
Conyza ivaefolia, Less.
Coriaria japonica, A. Gray.
Cornus alba, L.

pean re op

Am

um,
Paileyi i, Cott, 1 Evans.
en Benth.

8, L.

pubescens, Nutt.

er M icha.
Coronilla Emerus, L,
Corylus rostrata, Ait.

Pitcheri, Torr. & Gr ay. var.
asiosty lis.

30

Crataegus — L;

| Cotoneaster affinis, Lindl.

bacillaris, Wall.
— var. floribunda, Hort.
i

lucida, Schlecht.
microphylla, Wall.
Nummularia, 2 s um & Mey.

pannosa, Fra
rotundifolia, Walt.
Simonsii, Baker.
thymifolia, Baker.

Carriérei, Vauvel.
chlorosarca, Ma. rin.

coccinea,

—var. macracantha, Dudley.
cordata,

Crus-Galli, b.

— var. splendens, Lodd.

Douglasii, Lindl.

flava, Ait
heterophylla, is ok

monogyna, Jac
nigra, Waldst. p? Kit.
orientalis, Pall.

— var. sanguinea.
oxyacanthoides, Thuill.

pentagyna, Kit.
pinnatifida, a 93
punctata, Jac
Pyrac antha, Po A
eu ae all.
a, Boi.

tanacetifolia, Pers.

mentosa,

re Muench.
Cryptomeria japonica, D. Don

Cupressus lawsoniana, Murr.
nootkatensis, Lam

alosa, D. Don.
— var, corneyana,

Cytisus albus, L.
biflor im T Her it.

capitatus, Jacq.
rivales Degen,
nigrican

pra

sulphureus.
aan L.

Daboécia polifolia, D. Don.

Desmodium viridiflorum, Beck.

Deutzia crenata, Sieb. & Zucc.

Diervilla hortensis, S. & Z.
sessilifolia, Buckl.
— var. splendens.

Dorycnium suffruticosum, Vill.

Eecremocarpus scaber, Ruiz 4
Pav.

Elaeagnus angantos; L.
multiflora, Thunb.
umbellata, Thunb.

Erica cinerea, L.

Š
>

Escallonia exoniensis, Hort.
punctata, DC.
ubra, Pers.

Euonymus rb onte L.
— var. ureus,
ee Boa:
nan s, Bie
boe Nutt.

Exochorda Alberti, Regel.
Fraxinus nigra, Marsh.
Ornus, L.

Gaultheria procumbens, L
pyrolaefolia, Hook. f.
Shallon, Pursh,

31

Gaylussacia resinosa, Torr. d
Gray.

Genista aethnensis, DC.

pilosa, L.

sagittalis, 8, L.

tinctoria, L. var. elatior.
virgata,

Halesia corymbosa, Nichols.
tet

Hedera Helix, L.
Hedysarum multijuga, Maxim.

Helianthemum canum, Dunal,
ormosum, Dunal.
halimifolium, Willk.

—. var. mutab
— var. rhodanthum.

Hippophaé rhamnoides, L.

Hydrangea arborescens, L.
H irae var, acumi-
nata, A. G
paniculata, Sieb. E Luce.
petiolaris, Sieb. & Zuce.
pubescens, Decne.
radiata, Walt.
Hymenanthera crassifolia,
Hook. f.

Hypericum Androsae mam, L.
4 L.

densiflorum, Pursh.
elatum, Ait.
ei Thunb.
hircinum

— var.
hookerianum, Wight & Arn.
Jacq

pat
prolifieum, L.

Ilex Aquifolium, L.

verticillata, A. Gray.
— var. fructu luteo.

Indigofera gerardiana, Wall.
hebepetala, Benth.

Jasminum fruticans, L.
humile, Z.

Juniperus chinensis, L.

i 1 4
excelsa, Bieb.
Sabin ‚4
sphaerica, Lindi.

Kalmia angustifolia, L.
— var. nana.

latifolia, L.

Laburnum alpinum, J
— var. biferum, Hort.
— vulgare, J. S. Pre.

-— beh ions Trautv,
ropaea, DU.
leptolepis, Mia.
Ledum gie Ait.
palustre, L.
Lespedeza goei Turez.

Stuvei, Nut

Leucothoe Catesbaei, A. Gray.
—. Torr.
racemosa, A. Gray.

a. formosa, Wall.

Ligustrum Ibota, Sieb.
—var. regelianum.
sinense, Lour.
vulgare

Lindera Benzoin, Blume.
Liriodendron tulipifera, L.
ae alpigena,

L.
gustifolia, T Wall,
Caprifolium, L,

. S. Presl.

nee cont.
santha, Turez.

japonica, Thunb.
aximowiczii, Maxim.
Morrowii, A. Gray.
nigra, L.
obovata, Royle.
rn tat
Periclymenum, L.
— var. minc
es Pau ori Lavallée
Sullivan Gr
syringantha, M. a: din
tatar arica, d.
Xylosteum, L.
Lupinus arboreus, L.
Lyonia paniculata, Nutt.
Magnolia tripetala, L.
Menispermum canadense, L.
Menziesia globularis, Salisb.

Microglossa albescens, C. B.
Clarke.

Morus nigra, L.

Myrica carolinensis, Mill.
cerifera, L.
Gale, L.

Myricaria germanica, Desv.

Neillia amurensis, Benth. €
Hoo

opulifolia, cardi & Hook.
Torreyi, Wa

Olearia Haastii, Hook. f.
macrodonta, Baker.

Ononis aragonensis, Asso.
rotundifolia, L.
Oxydendron arboreum, DC.
Pernettya mucronata, Gaudich.
Petteria ramentacea, Presl.
oo acuminatus,

inge.
coronarius, L,

Philadelphus, cont.
— var. to

omentosus, Hook.

` f. & Thoms.
gordonianus, Lindl.
grandiflorus, Willd.

Lewisii, Pursh.
Satsumi, Siebold.
Photinia variabilis, Hemsl.

Picea Glehni, F. Schmidt.
sitchensis, Trautv. & Mey.

Pieris d D. D
mariana, Benth. 4 gy

dee Cembra, L.
monticola, Dougl.

euke A
pondero a, Dougl.
nunbedil Parl.

Piptanthus nepalensis, Sweet.

Platanus acerifolia, Willd.
occidentalis, L.
orientalis, L.

Populus deltoidea, Marsh.
nigra, L.

Potentilla fruticosa, L.
salesoviana, Steph.

Prunus acida, Borkh. var. sem-
perflorens. —

"sh.

Amygdalus, Stokes.
tiaca, Chair.

cerasifera, rh,

demissa, Walp.

Lauroe ocerasus, L. var. col-
ica.

emere. L. f.

Mahaleb, L.

maritima, Wangenh.

nigra
pan Be Ehr h.

: Ptelea trifoliata, L.

eo. Pus a key

arbutifolia, a
958

33

Pyrus, cont.
Aria, L.

— var. graeca, Boiss.
Aucuparia, Gaertn.
baccata, L.
betulaefolia, Bunge.
canescens, ‘
communis,

Cydonia,
decaisneana, 3 ichols.
a ents
german a Hook,
intermedia, Ehrh.
japonica, Thunb.

lobata, Nichols.
longipes, Coss. & Durieu.

, Jacq.
, pinna atifida, Ehrh.
prunifolia, Willd.

Ringo, Maxim.
rotundifolia, Bechst.
sikkimensis, Hook.

Rhamnus Alaternus, L.
— var angustifolius.
catharticus, L.
crenata, Sieb. & Zuce.
Frangula, L
libanoticus, Boiss.
-purshianus, DC.
Rhododendron cinnabarinum,
Hook.

ferrugineum, L.
myrtifolia, Lodd.

ponticum, L.

— var, cheiranthifolium.
— lancifo Hum.

punctatum, A

Rhodotypus kerrioides, Sieb. &
Zucc.

Rhus Cotinus, L.

Rhus, cont.

glabra, L.
Toxicodendron, L.
typhina, L.

Ribes nn L

ar. pumilum, Hort.
ren Pursh.
— var. aurantiacum minus,
ei :
var. tenuiflorum, Torr.
cereum, Dougl.
divaricatum , Dou
fasciculatum, Si b. A Zucc.
Gross a, L.
lern Waldst. & Kit.
petraeum, Wulf.
robustum, Hort.
ru

"d 78
— var. Sei eis
enge Pur.
urn,
Hort.
— var. carneum.

Robinia Pseudacacia, L.

Rosa acicularis, Lindl.

agrestis, Savi.
lba, L.
alpina, L.
— var. pyrenaica, Gouan.
arkansana,
beggeriana, Schrenk,
var. ped:
blanda,
bin i
carolina, L.
— var. a A
momea, L

damascena, Mill.
Fendleri, Crépin.
ferox, Bieb.
ferruginea, Vill.
foliolosa, Nutt.

gallice uL
hibersius; a.

hispida, Sim
humilis, Marek;
— var. triloba.

involuta, Sm. var. Wilsoni,

4 undzilli, Besser.

34

Rosa, cont.
lucida, Ehrh.
lutea, Mill.
macrophylla Lüsn
iflora

rubiginosa, L.
rugosa, Sieb. & Zuce.
— var. calocarpa.
sericea, Lindl.
spinosissima, L.

webbiana, Wal
wichuraiana, Ordpin.

Rubus affinis, Weihe d: Nees
balfourianus

pe bt a Bunge.

fu
glandulosns, Bell.

Guentheri, Weihe & Nees.

hystrix, Weihe & Nees.
Koehleri, W. & N.
laciniatus, Willd.

Rubus, cont.
melanolasius, Focke.

en L.

ratus,
varvitolfos
phoenicolasius, Maxim.
pubescens, Auct. Angl.

ramosus, Blox.
een W. & N.
scaber, Weihe d: Nees.
spectabilis, Pursh.
Sprengelii, Weihe : Nees.
suberectus, Ander.

thyrsiflorus, Weihe & Nees.

Imifolius, Schott
villicaulis, W. &
villosus, A i.

xanthocarpus, Franch.
Ruta graveolens, L.
Sambucus canadensis, L.

glauca

melanocarpa, A. Gray.

nigra, L.

racemosa, L.

— var. serratifolia.
Smilax rotundifolia, L.
Spartium junceum, L.

Spiraea enn ud Pall.

expan:
eem EY.

labrata, Nichols.
lindleyans, Wall.

notha, Zabel.

35

Spiraea, cont.
salicifolia, L.
sorbifolia, L.
tomentosa, L.

Staphylea pinnata, L.

A ge Sue Heyeri, Dippel.
p var. ciliatus,

Bh s ao
racemosus, Michx
rotenditoltok, A. Gray.

"A ape Wall.

. rosea, Cornu.
pennak, Rupr.
persica, L.

Tamarix tetrandra, Pall.

Taxus baccata, L.
cuspidata, Sieb. & Zucc.

Tecoma radicans, Juss.

Thuja gigantea, Nutt.
ni

orientalis, L.

Tilia argentea, Desf.
cordata, Mill.
piiois DC.

platyphyllus, Scop.

vulgaris, Hayne.
Ulex europaeus, L.

nanus, Forst.

Ulmus campestris, L.
T sponser: c ram
corymbos

— var. 8i in A. Gray.
um, Michz.

ovatum, Pursh.
pensylvanicum, Lam.

Viburnum acerifolium, L
burejaeticum, Regel &
erd.

cassinoides, L.
dentatum, Z.

36

Viburnum, cont. Vitis, cont.

dilatatum, Thunb. — Mi iq.

ntana, L. ’ Labrusca, L.

molle, Michz. riparia, “Mi cha:

nudum, L. vinifera, L. var. laciniosa.

Opulus, L.

prunifolium, L. Widdringtonia Whytei, Rendle.

Tinus, L. Y Bi er

obia specio on
Vitis aestivalis, Michx. Euer và ee,
amurensis, Ruprecht.

ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

BULLETIN

OF

MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION,

APPENDIX II.—1899.

NEW GARDEN PLANTS OF THE YEAR 1898.

e number of garden plants annually described in botanical
and horticultural er both English and foreign, is now
so considerable that it has been thought desirable to m a
complete list of Qiii in the Kew Bulletin each y The
following list comprises all the new itkcilnetiods we er during
1898. These s sís are indispensable to the maintenance

ith
a sosmily provided with horticultural ae, Such a

buted from it in the Forth irem of hiene with other
botanic gardens

The present list includes not only plants brought into cultivation
for the first time during 1898, but the most noteworthy of those
which.have been re-introduced after being lost from cultivation.
Other plants included in the list may have been in gardens for
several years, but either were ad Catan or their names had
` not been authenticated until rec

In addition to species and odia varieties, all hybrids,
Whether introduced or of garden origin, with botanical names,
and described for the first time in 1898, are included. It has not
been wo gap desirable, however, to give authorities E the
names of garden hybrids in such genera as Cypripedium, &c.
Mere garden varieties of such plants as Coleus, seed or
Narcissus are omitted for obvious reasons.

In every case the pent. is cited under its published name,
although some of the names are doubtfully correct. Where,
however, a correction has persil desirable, this is m

The name of the e person in whose ess the plant was first
noticed or described is given where kno

4202—1375—11/99 Wt92 D&S 29 4

38

An asterisk is Lice idm to all those plants of which examples
are in cultivation at Kev
The publications fon which this list is compiled, with the
abbreviation used to indicate them, are as follows :—5D. D.—
Bulletin de L'Herbier Boissier. . N.—Bulletin du Museum
i - M— Botanical Magazine. B. T.O.
ana di Orticultura. Gard.—
c DER Eo
J. B.—Journal de Botanique. J. H.—
Journal of Horticulture. = HE: ee de la Société nudi le
d'hortieulture de Frane K. B.—Bulletin of Miscellaneous
Information, Royal Ga iE Kew. ZL.—Lindenia. Lem.
lles. M. D. G.—Mitteilungen der D
M. K. —Monatss schrift für

O. R.—Orchid Review. AR. H. BER vue e R. H. B.—
Revue de er Belge. — Cat.—L. Späth, General
Nursery Catalog ZL—L maine Horticole. W. G.—

S.
Wiener Illustrirte asm Zettdhg.

The een in the descriptions rd € plants are :—
diam.— Diameter. ft.—Foot or Feet. G. iste use, H.—Hardy.
H. H.—Half- ds in.—Inches. $.—Sto
*Acalypha godseffiana, M.T.M

c3 Us 1898,
CG. CU. 1898, xiii, 241, f. 87.) Mc:
1 of

milar
v argo

Alocasia Fpäuiablib.
xxiv. 293.) A
to

St
3:
c

Duy: sme; y

ae yellow. new naiita, (F. Sander
0.)

A, 41 n

Ch. t 61 9) Orchidacew. his
differs from the t in having the
lateral lobes of the lip and the outside
of the sepals white. Malayan hi-

pelago. c Horticulture Internationale,
Redken

os an 839

Acer Negundo californicum au-
reum. (2. H.1898, go 2i pag sige
A form of the rnian Box
Elder with golden em prendre
& Son, Ussy, Calvados, France.)

* Aceras bolleana, Siehe. (G. t. 1898,
iii., 365, f. 133.) Orchidacer k
and r
Asia Minor, "W. Siehe, Meine)
Asanmers ore Rendle. ios g
xxiv Iridaceæ

siis with utet tabe 4 e 5 2

long ; perianth white or faintly-tinged

Th rose purple ; stamens half as long

as Bem So i-
land, (Cam T B. G HE

metallie green, vei and
grey, the underside dark purple. "s
Veitch & Sons

Alocasia wavriniana, M. T. Masters.
(@. C. 1898, di; du, f. 89.) e

stalks purplish spotted with
Celebes. (F, Sander & Co.)

a p Baker.
ves
d7in.wide, .
d A: long inal tr nra
freely .
rl coral .
. Hanbury,

G. C.
f sub-

Amomum Aumispharleum, J Be
(B. 7592.) Scitamin

wide, green above, claret red benea
. Peduncle stout, 8 in. long, erect, ne:
ing direct from the ‚runs sheathed
and bearing a glo and
yellow flowers arround by large
dull- m bracts, Java. (Kew.)

"Ànemopsgma carrerense, Armi-
NS. flourns: ef AS I9 188.)
Bign ing shrub,
wi DES citron Bello k flowers,

nearly related to 4. racemosum, Mart.

Trinidad,

oo ee (e. e ke

33.)
eg in habit een
reniforme, but aged much thicker,
stalks 1 to 3 in. long, blade brittle,
or across, glaucous green, —
inct tema
[Scolapendriun per

*Adenophora Potanini. (Gf. 1891,
584, f. 118.) Campanulacez.
ranching aces with PN
bell - shaped,
(Haage & Schmidt, Erfurt.)

dantem homaioyatim, (&. C.
1898, x 124.) Filices. S.
Sone pM of A, euneatum.

(H. B. May.)

Zichmea —— x in
1898, t. rip Bro
species near i "Eae - rosea
`~ and Æ. he but with violet-blue
racts, &c., soft rose
Brazil. (Breslau u B. G.)
Aerides ledouxianum. c. C. 1898,
xxiv. 134.) Orchi Said to
similar to 4. rper No des-
cription, (R. Le Doux.)

Alocasia plumbea. ie C. 1898, xxiii.,
254.) voco S. es large e, dark
Ib. EH vam lish petioles,

b.? De oet DEM, Ghent.)

Anthurium erystallinum illustre.
(G. C. 1898, xxiv., 293 ; 417, f. 119.)
races, ives blotched with
VEMM: Apparently the same
as var. e ems introduced in 1893.
(R. Gulzow.)

p balfouriana.
250 raliace

(G. C 1005
æ. S. Leav

th white edges.
"F. Sander & Co.)

39
* Areca Ilsemanni. (e. . C, 1898, xxiii.,
ea

rich green,
Pacific Isles. p; Sander & Co.)

B. 1898,

y es allied
A. speciosum, A. €— and

A. eostatum, but in

the very long-tai D spathe.

(Berlin B. G)

Arum Eggeri.

Cex. . Nearly allied to or

identical with A. spectabile or A. Dios-
coridis, (Krelage & Son, Haarlem.)

asisas Lackneri. (X.
86.) Araceæ. 8. species

(S. H. 1898, 395)

. Mi iefor
Asparagus Sprengeri Laeta. 8
(@. €. 1898, xxiv., 445.)
Differs from the e type Aut in T dw
habit, never exceeding 18 in. in sas
May.)

(H. B.
Aspen Sprengeri Yaa

C. 1898, xxiii., 250.) A form
with silvery variegated phylloclades.
M, Rigout, Ghent.)

boten og enger v @. 5 "t
43.) Liliacex

te
borne on a stem destit e of scales,
Cilicia and Cappadocia, (W. Siehe.)

* Asphodeline — Siehe. (6. C.

1898, xxiii., 111 "n with

cii ri rats “Mount St. Basil,
gsarem, Siehe.)

"Me dammeriana, Siehe.

C. 1898, xxiii., 111. H. quem
Se vem ‘inflorescence bearing
white flowers and Cappadocia,
(W. Siehe

ber Re

isthmocarpa, F
1898, xxiii., un,
has à

f. 44.) oF

stricted in
the middle. "ient 5 fi "Cilicia and
Cappadocia, (W.S
* Asplenium Mayi. S C. 1898, xxiii,
SA f. 140) Filices. Described
A2

as a pretty fern, with dark g am
shining, pinnate, dentate ehe
hard texture. (H. B. May.)

ee — cae ce ae
(G.

; 35 un ke with’ Sie: ne
portion of the fronds lobed or pinna-
tifid and ch is reproduced tru

from spores. N, Queensland, (Kew.)

"e MEET murem
c Gf. 1

5 153 meliacez,
S. ye en highs 1 een 2.
nutans and Saundersii, | (Georg
Kittel, Hokersdort, Silesia.)

Boucerosia munbyana es were
(J. B. 1898, 251.) Asclepiadac
A form with narrow corolla- lobes,
Caravaca, Spain, (A. de Coincy.)
coa oo
gans. (0. R.1898,30.) Orchidacex,
hybrid betw a Brassia
l indleyana and Laosai, ya elegans,
(Sir Trevor Lawrence.)

M rium Perte à
(K. B. s , 193 fe R. 1898, 303.)
Orchidac w species allied
to B. wen um En ovoid,

in. long ; leaf elliptic, leathery, 2 in
long; scape ; g one pale
een, own-spotted flower 2 in
across, the sepals ovate, concave, the
petals longer, narr nd recurved,

p fleshy recurved, with reflexed
toothed margins. Assam. (Glasnevin.)

ee mA R.Br. (B. M.t.
30.) Orchidace G, A small ter-

ustralia and Tasmania

(Kew.)

u. fusi (a. - un. xxiii.,

50) P “A pinnate leaved

rior a with smite spines.”
Hab.? (F. Sander & Co.)

"Calandrinia Tweed A, Gray

(Gard. 1898, liii., 420.) Portulacacem.

ufted Pam nt, with thick

fleshy leaves. The flowers are quen
red in bud, flesh dem edged w

bronze when fully expanded. Orage.

Calanthe labrosior.

(0, R. 1898,
374.) Orchidace», S

“A new hybrid

40

with white er oa with blush
on the lip a e primrose
base." (Sir T er

. a Hook. f, (B. M.
nose. S. Allied to
a Vise phate but with larger
leaflets and a looser habit. It forms a
bush with spreading b m, brown
bark and bipinnate leav pinne
linear oblong, red-brown win you
Flowers in dense heads 2} in. diam.,
bright erie: Mexico. "(Kew w.)

pt Rin Purdyi. (G. C. 1898,
ioi 395, f. 147.) Liliaces. H.
s with silvery

(R. Wallace & Co.)

an Ks, Endl. GA C. 1898,
xxiv., 33.) volvulacee. H, “ Re-
aphical form of our
C. sepium.” Norfolk Island.

(Cambridge B. G.)

eget entrants C. Koch.
(@ , 424.) Campanu-
sin wat plant wi with
creamy white flowers, Armenia, (Max
Leichilin.)

soon

MAE Angie
7

bell-
xand fovit petals folded,
giving ae appearance of a small club,
Brazil, (Kew.)

sary ^ am (Gf. ets 481, t,
54.) be onsite ig À garden

ybr id æmpferi

ce CURAS (i Späth. SA oe

Cattleya aurea. (Z. tt. 598, ei S,
Orchidaceæ. In the work quoted t the
following forms are fi auran-
tiaca, chotekiana, grandi; redit
musaiea, splendens, (L. Linden
Mortebeek, Belgium.)

Cattleya dowiana imschootiana.
(0. R, 1898, 334.) 8.
sepals and petals white

(W. S. McMillan.

parh hardyana fanyauiaas.
> EB X eire genen = wei
of a sa p Co., Mortebeek, eisium, )

Cattleya luddemanniana Menu
98, 538.) S.
flowered variety with a d
throated lip, striped with es =
and bordered with yellow. (Piret,
Argenteuil.)

x dr Á€—— (R. H,
95.) garden a
n p ossiæ Y C. Forbesi.
(G. antin, Orleans

ay aes E Maroni. (0. E 1898, 351 ;
98. A

C. 1898, xxiv., 332, 8.
ved hybrid be vnda C. velutina
and dowiana aurea. (C. Maron,

Brunoy, France.)

Se Het.
arden os
eos as M nde is in ndicated by

name. (Cappe « et fils Vésinet, Hoa Bh

une am in
70.) A

sets dm TTE rn oi Ch. t.
with the sepals,

petals ni a of the li bee the
aie rend of end lip wavy
k pale rong ais e.
Qi fetten Tate a ende, Brus-

re |. amabilis.
(0. 169.) 8. A Me —

flow -— ud dica Bd and deep or

in the throat. (J. Veitch & Sons.)

*Ceratolobus M nimm e A

with long spines ;
linear oblong, fa scioled. Hab. ? (CF.
Sander & Co.)

heu leptopodum, Prain.
C. 1898, = iv. 33.) Papaverace®.
specie

Ad any habit bearing
numerous m sized
flowers ina

Chonarorhyacha —— Rolfe.
(K. 1898, 303.)

eur stellata. (6. €. 1898,
239 Com

posite :
reeling fo form of C. eruenta. (Sutton
& Sons.)

z nn gro
high, the leaves king to long and broad,
e yes = z aw yaar
ap

(W. Siehe.)
—À Mer rni dir: aine m (L.
10.)

Mr cud — sad R. 1898, nk larger rand more ne deepiy-ccloured
x And rid between flowers than the type.
C Ind, and E^ amethys-
ge (T. W. Thornton.) Cologyne are T (K. B.
Cattl 1898, 194; O. R. 1898, 303.) Orchidace.
a gs eese (Qr. t. 612.) B. S. A new species "i llied to MA ee
The wing varieties are here cr ge n. long ;
fated, pho osea, bicolor, cincta. ves 6 in. 1 ide ; Me
(L. Linden & Co., Brussels) ur flowers erae Pen
white with a brown blotoh on the ity.
Cattleya Trianw samyana. (Z.t. | Trop. Asia. (J. W. Moore)
rm with very light-
dos tbt apii and petals; | E o i fe pete Baker. (G. C.
lip viole i oe ear | xxiii., Labi u, X

en ef samen ienee
CL. t ea ith lilac

; disk Won w striped with
gold stad | Kreml: red.
Co., Brussels.)

CASOS). Ordi eed vett (8. =
8,215.) Ore
tween as Ges por
jy iced cochleatum. yt Mantin,
Orleans.)

Linden &

ins |

green leaves 2) in. wide and terminal

hice spikes of bright blue flowers,

roduced in winter. Brit. Cent. t. Africa.
(Kew w.)

bern — CG. C. 1898
liacex. G. Apparently
ae = c george leaves dar
qnid ally recurved. (J. Vei &
Sons, Ltd.)

Correvonia bellaerensis. (S.H. 1898,
346.) Orchidacem. 8. A garden

hybrid between Brassovola Perrini
picta and Cattleya guttata. (G. Man-
tin, Orleans.) [ Brasso-cattleya. |

osite. H.
“ey peat. Deu with small fern
like foliage. New H.
Correvon, Geneva a.)

= ey cn) Hook. f. (G. C.
50.)

*Cotula squalida, Hook. be (G.

1898, xxiii. = Sag H. arf and
creeping, w foliage inar
Asplenium aun. New Z r=
at. Correvon.)

oo argues punc-
CJ. 8, 43.) Orchi-
"ed ers dà m hybrid —
C. pig Wallacei and C. spie
anum. (Peeters, Brussels.)

(S. H. 1
) A garden hybrid bien
C. rothschildianum and C. Morganie.
0.)

ae ig

pics E rege (0.

ee 374.) S. A garden hy M
een the species in yt
t . ir T. Lawrenoe.

m ipedium — am abe
rents of

is hybrid’ are ilegal! br the name,
Qt. Alfred Bleu, Paris.)

ae a — (J. H. F.
garden ona

are - E iu su
Curtisii. [M. Bert, caper an (Seine) j

rare ere oe O'Brien.
18 A news

. ies
CC FF harlesworthii in form
and C. pA Sandere in colour of
flower. Shan States. (J. Charl
Ww 0.)

eA exoptatum. (J. H.

A garden hybrid

TA H Bern TARM an A

isnin, (M. Bleu, Paris.)

Cypripedium Gautieri. (J. H. F.
1898, 1105.) S. A garden hybrid
betwee n C. callosum Mu C. leeanum.
(Dr. F ss Neuilly-sur-Seine.)

Cypripedium germinyanum su-
perbum. (J. H. F. 1898,169.) 8. A
i h; wn het C. hirsutis-
simum and C, villosum, (Cappe et
- fils, Vesinet.) - si a

Cypripedium lawrenceanum gra-

EE: 0. = 217.) 8.

new form in f hyeanum,

= E and Bauch “flushed with red.
(S. Gratr

Cypripedium leeano-chamberlaini-
m. (4. = F. 1898, 50.) S. Said

to be the firs t hybrid raised from
C. vin y eg (M. Page,
Bougival, France.)

We cap wy Leonis. (J. = F. 1898,
961.) A garden hybrid between
C. Ponatii and C. leeanum. (Cappe
fils, Vésinet, France.)

MEN are (I-H. E
1898, rden hybrid 'be-
ween rà ipie ianum pm C. villosum.
(Opoix, Paris.)

uc rece po d (3
04.)

uppos
natural hybrid between C. d Bet
C. rothsehildianum. Borneo.
Cow E & Co.)

2 eue roseum. (J.H. F. 1898,

A garden hybrid between

€ ee, asi C. Sallieri hyeanum,
(Peeters, Brussels.)

BET rothschildianum pla-

tytoenium. (Z.t.623.) S. A form
1a Le gee petals, and more deeply-
flowers than the type.

CL. Lade & Co., Brussels.)

sh a seer rn (J. He F,
a 351.) arden eem be-
ween C. s Sir a er C. chamber-
ee, (Cappe et fils, Vesinet.)

Cypripedium Bhipways. (S. H.
1898, 503.) ural hybrid
between C. pe a - C. dayanwm.
Borneo. (Col. Shipway.)

Cypripedium md M. HF.
1898, 289. hybrid
between Č. Moral and C insigne.
M. Martin-Cahuza

Cypripedium ee.
anum. (S H. 1898, 114) S. A
garden hybrid between n the two species
indicated byt the name. (Cappe et fils,
Vésinet, ce.)

ipedium wiertzianum. (J. t.
Orid S. A garden hybrid between
C. rothschildianum En C. lawrence-
n. (L'Horticulture Internationale,
Brussels.)

"DEM j— CL.
A garden hybrid pog
and C. hay-

€ pA r risum superbum
iculture Inter-

naldia (L’Hort
ee Brussel 8.

(0. R. ,1898,
ween
(R. J.

Oypripodium be cns

3.) S. A g n hybrid

C. iet Se ee un c callosum.
es.)

Doe crm MENOR Engl.
7617
tuber

ancle
high
oblong-lanceolate

spadix much shorter
than ane A oylindric, dark violet-
purp Upper Guinea. (Kew.)

*Dasystachys we Er
(B. M. t. 7580 æ. 8. Clo

raceme, 4
white flowers ih yellow
Brit. Cent. Africa. (Kew.)

Davallia EE effusa. (G. C.
1898, xxiii., ‚332 118.) Filices. 8.
A robust var iety ‘with fronds 5 ft. long.
(H. B. May.)

Delphiniam — (1.1898,

Ranuncu A rennial
re inflorescence
of bright blue flowers. Caucasus.
(Haage & Schmidt, Erfurt.)

g
of small
anthers.

Sopa cymbiforme, Rolfe.
K. B. 1898, 192; 0. R. 1898, 302.)
idacex. 8.

dne allied
erect

D. hamatum, wit terete

slender pseudobulbs 6-12 in. long, Np and
flowered of
flowers 1 in. straw - ee

striped w ae pp dri tra. (L.
Kienast, b)

nn "imm sal-

um. 1898, 0. S.

Dusting? in A salmon pink instead

of VEN. blotches on the labellum.
0.)

(Low

Dendrobium formoso-Lowii.
1808, 374) S.
the species indica
nee; (Sir T. Lawrence.)

43

gemein TRIN erm ds =

€ s dr ‘all i D. Appi.

Stems terete, fleshy, a foot long ; lea

PM 2 A n" .—n

4 lon bear

coloured rer ellow "With streaks
ed on the sides of the lip. ? Burma.

(H. Grose-Smith.)

Dendrobium gy ashworthia-
num. O0. R. 8, 120.) An albino
variety. (E. isnot th.)

Dendrobium nobile Robson®. (0.
variety with large

brightly coloured. (J. Rob

ee ge — ge £ «0.
cribed by

es and D. sculptu ite

wers with an orange blotch on the

tip (Low & Co.

*Deutzia ee rosea. (lem Ont
xifr €

gar betw patti
(male) aid D. Hisor ee
(Lemoine, Nancy.)

— — venusta. a
HE B:
eret nn D. gracilis — po
D. discolor purpurascens, (Lemoine.)

*Dianthus u sinensis. (Gere.
— liv., 404. s ryophyllacez.

ty uiia oft, high, with be
Nea d orescence, and heavily
fringed si lish - mauve flowers.
China, tony

dere mirabilis, Baillon. (@. C.
ii f. 42.

, 110, f. 42.) ? Sapindacez.
S. ew genus of anomalous charac-
ter. It has a succulent stem, suggest-
ing Euphorbia, bearing long needle-like
8 an rrow fleshy leaves, The
flowers said be produ in
pendulous tufts nsist of three

of alternate rose-coloured leaflets,
agascar. (M. A. Grandidier.)

Dieffenbachia eee ter (S. E
1898, xxiii., 254.) A Aracex. S. Sim
to D. Me mani, but with leaves a
es large and wi th spots confluent,
(De Smet-Duvivier, Ghent.)

RAE Hendersoni, Ae Gray.
. 1898, liii., 246.) Primulacex.

4 ae dwarf i about 6 ge
high bearing bri crimson flowers
with a yellow rin

209008 JEUNE. (B. T. 0.1898,

Ose.

oa a in of ‘the widely culti-
vated D. Lablab. (Angioli Pucci,

Feat)

*Dorstenia arabica, pe
1898, xxiii, 354.) Urt

CG. 6.
S. irm
eshy, iur = pe vate
wrinkled leaves, greyish green ; iiot-
escence dise-like, an i e with ray-
like yim Arabia. (Cambridge, Kew.)

— cv eios p €. 1898,
, 238.) S.

XX A bro ad
le aa en p^ p wu with
yellow. (H. Low & Co 0.)

Echinocactus denudatus, Link and
Otto. x K. 1898, 36.) Cactacez.
G. e are described the following

variation :—andersohnianus, brunnowi-

anus, etianus, heuschhelianus,
meiblejohnianus, scheidelianus, wag-
s, wieditzianus, (Ferd. Haage,

ES — m ec

1898, xxiii.,
soi a) Osetia E
garden hybrid tween Cattleya ya
bowringiana and Epidendr "- radia-

tum. (J. Veitch & Sons.)

M pecie ÖFESREHEN: Rolfe. (K.
1898

19 1898, 303.) G.
ri new species allied to Æ. cala marium,
but dwarfer, the whole plant being

less than 3° in. high.

pu urple. Brazil. CE. Sander & Co.)
rue Poo su

(0. 1898, 198.) G.
saina hy brid b between the two pte
Ew by the name, (J. Veitch &

Son

ee e" (0. R.
1898, en). ino S. arden
hybri eis Ss

(Charles

and E Soldendb ck radicans.
worth & Co.)

n
name.

Epilælia faleato-tenebrosa. (S. 7.
1898, 26.) S. A garden hybrid betwee:
the species indicated by the
(G. Mantin, Orleans.)

44

m

en labra Eos: d M.
S. asly allied
“Psou do bu

fleshy } in. long, p

lip canary yellow fom purple. Borneo.
(Kew.)

ee I) Omelia s

brac e spinose an
scel Blake Nevada. CH. Correvon.)

enter Douglasi, Laer
424

e& Schmidt Erfurt,)

"apio Rn Lam. (@
18.) Bnplorbinos, 8

*Feijoa sellowiana, Berg. (P. M
: XXİV., 451, f. 125

7620; @. C. 1898,

Myrtacem. S. idium-like plant,
forming a shrub or Ema ee with
numerous branches, ovate

wers, ide
, hairy ; corolla of 5 orbienlar,

outside, blood red inside ; stam ve
numerous, forming a pu rush-like

matic,

i zil
Uruguay. (M. Ennis, Golf Y ie

*Felicia vein 2% C. 1898, xxiii.,
308.) À shrub with

xe veg Leod ddp A. v
cem.

(M. 1898, 14.) Olea
k wat bietet rigid, rather
thorny bush with inconspicuous

ry
flowers and blue-black berri
rica,

*Furcrea mens (G. C. i
xxiii, 242, f, 90.) Amaryllidacem. —

Habit of F. gigantea; leaves bluish
green banded with cream yellow
Hab.? (Kew, iid F. Sander & DET

ics T Aene — ii.
(6. C. 1898, xiv., 467.) Amarylli-
'Ad distinct early penh ng

ran Eni Mat flowers. sia
)

Minor. (Whittall

*Geonoma oid ea CG. (1898,
xxiii, 258, f. 98.) Palme. S. Leaves
dense sely t ufted, spi dak: "with short
stalks, bilobed, Reve de ren |

ribbed, bright gr CE.

Sader & Co. ) tis: Tee eA

T. diffusa.)

Geranium maree kam (G.
284.) nia

purple, streak
New Zealand. (H. €

— Em ern (@. C. 1898,
cem, A similar
veterem but with
— Md leaves. Flowers Br orange
yellow. Caucasus, (H. Correvon.)

regen quartinianus superbus.

wo

type, yellow flushed with crimson.
(Tillett.)

Gunnera i Ape iet Oerst. E C. 1898,
xxiv., 32.) oragida This
species is here mentio "oe as pP ing
= p Cambridge Botanic Garden.

u,

Gypsophila Bopi ter 1898,

rennial

Moser leaves iue small panicles of
ther large light rose - colour
flowers. Siberia. (H. Correvon,

neva.)

ee mem en pim,
> lli-
ae tree nd
(F. Sangar & Co.)

898, xxi
improved form."

"Hemanthus Basen Baker
A

(K.
B. 1898, 310. es

*Hamamelis mollis, Vade e C
1898, Xxiv., 364 amelidacez.
H. This

large broad leaves densely clothed
beneath with elt-ike mass of
stellate hair

Veitch & Sons, L

TIS Saale d ^ i
ositz,

owers
Helianthus, California, (Kew)

BE Davyi, ranis = B.

226.) Liliace G. ew

8E closely allied d H. yucca, afolia

ong
te. California? ip Beiere ar:
aati. California.

"ELT De — OR 1005
79.) Com arf-
habit d
the
well-known Sanvitalia procumbens.
nia. [The correct name o of this

ty

)

ee Fe)

A.Gray.] (Dammann &

vi citatum (B. M.

t. 129) differing only in having the

margins of ower Pierii plain.

Seape 2 ft high, bearing an umbel of
flowers, each 4 in. long, 2j wide,

white, band ith cri Monte

Video.

*Huernia somalica, E. B

(K. B. 1898, 309; G. C. 1898, xxi,

354.) sclepiadac s xn

species allied to H. oculata. Ste
in. long, rdg th acute
th ; flowe

tee pedice long

cam mulate, “A in. nt en brown-
pape with yellow spots on the
Somaliland. (Cambridge,

"Hyacinthus azureus, Baker var.
gigan nteus. (G. C. 1898, xxiv., 190,

f. 52.) Liliacee. H. A large form
from Moun uris in Northern
Cilicia. (W. Siehe.)

*Incarvillea grandiflora. (6. C.
1898, xxiv., 8.) Bignoniacex. G A

new species similar to Z. vene but |

with shorter leaves and lea and a

men rich rose red. China. (Kew.) |

Iochroma flavum, E. André. ce H.

Solanacez. ae A bushy
axi lla ary
mri ie ‚2. yellow kabaler flowers.
Easte lopes of the Cordilleras of
Cabot bia, CE. André, France.)

*Iris Aitchisoni, Baker. Seep 1898,
liv., 102, t. 1182.) Iridaces. One
the so-ca

radiating purple veins on
a cream, w ground, blade rich
deep purple iride crest. Punjab.
(M. Foster.)

= DN Neck. (Gard. —
4L) H. As

e iri SW

flowers, Bosnia, a Wallace & Co)
Ischaru eximium, Schott &
MK. (G. C. dene — ‚126, E =>
Aracee, with b

ese leaves ste is dark

edri upper side, and green
spotted h red on s ‘under side.
Western "Cilicia. (W. Sie

— = Skan. (XK. B.
98, 225.) Oleaceæ

. A stove climber

"ud thin one simple lanceolate
green 9 3 = er nd few-
flowered f Ense

white Es: din. T redi Admiralty
Islands. (W, Bull.)

“Kempferia Ethele, J. M.

(G. C. 1898, xxiii., 94, f. 34.) Scitami-
A new species in the way
Stem 8 in. high, after-

rose-purple with a
blotch of —€— on the lip-like lower
segments. Natal. (Kew, &c.)

mpferia macrosiphon, Baker.
e C. 1898, xxiv., =. S. Allied
irkii; leaves tufted, green,
lanceolate a foot long; : flowers numer-
ncles ; -tube
ang fura iiber an inch] long. blue,
the lower one an inch wide. German
East Africa. (Kew.)

Kentia kersteniana. (4. C. 1898,
xxiv. 391, f. 113.) Palme. S. “A
striking looking palm with leaves

widely pinnate, the wedge-shaped

leaflets curiously erose, and of a dark

green tint.” (F. Sander & Co.) [Pro-
ably a Ptychosperma. |

Lelia cinnabrosa. (0. R.1898, 189.)

etwe
brosa. (Charlesworth & Co

| -— doe ied CL. t. ae

| Lelia prestans Luciani.
43.)

w of the fall is |

hite-flowered for: (L'Hort
Md Internationale, Brussels a

CL. t.

ith warm purple-
Ke SL id petals, up per part of
lip deep red-purp

Lelia gn nobilis. Mi t. 626.)
brightly-coloured fo (L'Hor-
ticulture Internationale, Be

Lelia repu prep ge (0. R.
1898, A fine form wi
blush white Seem and petals and | the

front of the p. ve ge with purple
and rose. (J.C an.)

Lelia PER pUTAsO-grandis. (J. H. F.
IS garden hybrid
between L. pur urata and L. grandis.

(G. Mens. Orleans.)

en d arts (J. H. F. 1898,
A garden eerte between
L Iu ast L. cinnabarina. (
Ragot, Villenoy, Ment

Lelia splendens. (S. H. 1898, 404.)
S rden hybrid between L. crispa
(Ingram.)

oe Boroli; pio H. 1898,

43.) Orchi en hy-

brid between es ya E vn iana and

Lelia —— Maron, Brunoy,
Fran

a A 3
and L, purpurata.

Lelio - cattleya MUS ure
(J. 5 A garden
hybrid betwee
Cattleya Gigas gape y
Brunoy, France.)

—G — CL.
8. hybrid between

ie ola ern 08d. ru Catiioya Warneri.
ei eg ee of v na.) (L. Linden

Lelio-cattleya dominiana |

(0. R 1898, 349.) 8.

garden hybrid betw

purata and Cattleya asia: (J.
Veitch & Sons, Ltd.)

wn li pt nn (S. H.

J. H. F.1898,536) 8. A

ten hybrid ate. Lelia pur-

ze and Cattleya luddemanniana.
(C. Maron, Brunoy, France.)

Lelio-cattleya "pe
1898, I aa: garden wind
tween Ca attleya peser and
m ape: purata. (C. Maron, Brunoy,

(J. H. F

ADHI TREND (0. »

uppos
eer hybrid much like Z. Hi iplo.
(T. B. Hay wood.)

ore ea en Pose iei (Lt.

Sue == ——— hybrid

ee Lat ia Levi and Cattleya

gutióte. Brazil. CL Hortcnltue Inter-
nationale, Brussels.)

brid ;
supposed parentage not given. nA L'Hor-
ticulture Internationale.)

IN, 185) 8 tem ei Ra H.

wo ar im gu eg Cu
(0. R, 1898. 255.) G. wers 8 in.
across, very er in m ^d. Veitch
& Sons.)

Lelio-cattleya eee cae €:
nt R.1898, 169.) G en hybrid
een Cattleya — and Lelia
X (Charlesworth & Co.

po le de bl — (0. R. 1898,
brid between
ine ^r m “aaa "relia harpo-

phylla, (J. Veitch & Sons.)

Lelio-cattleya e (R. H.

aaie wie S. A garden hybrid be-

lia purpurata and Cattleya
8.)

Perder (G. Mantin, Orlean

Lelio-cattleya perparatoiens
(J. H. F. 1898, 777.) 8. A garden
hybri mentioned in the list of New

senem for 1897 under name of Lelio-
a e (C. Maron, Bru
Bon

j—M radiata. (J. H. F.
A garden rs between

L alia purpurata and Cattleya no-
bilior. (C. Maron, Brunoy, France ce.)

Lelio-cattleya emen armain-
villier prs (L. t A
betw: Gs elia pur-
purata asa Cattleya Neila, (Baron
Edmond de Rothschild.)

Lois cate a din. CS. H 3

ybrid between
Talia ea 3 ime ^ a Loddi-
gesii. (C. Maron, Brunoy, France.

———— — in-
8

heck hyb eid b ine "olia da

and Cattleya Loddigeait (G. Mantin
Orleans
Malio- Pate sie wakas
1898, 124.) G. A garden

(o between — cinnabarina
and some other species
It is a like L. "Hoel yta,

ies Bae go emer (0.

8, 5.) arden hybrid

rom Lelia go abont and Cat-

tleya Mee e (C. Loddigesii.) (T. W.
anion.)

Lelio-cattleya wellsiana e A

(0. R. 1898, 159.)

pme hybrid between Cattleya e
Lelia purpurata, (J. Veitch

& & Sons.

Leea rehrsiana. (46. C. 1898, xxiii.,
242, f. anh Ampelidacem. S. Stout
shrub, wi pinnate leaves 16 in. long ;
leaflets "olo long.
ronzy-green when young, glaucescent
when mature. Stem spotted with

Malaya. (F. Sander & Co.)

en. :
L, sambucina var.

Lepidium - — I irk. (G. C.
1898, xxiii., 284 d epp col
d arf re "
d x liage. New Zealand, (H:

la oe — G. s 4 ee xxiii.,
pnm cm n tinct little

*Ligustrum W lkeri, Decne. = u
toe exiv., 283, f. 82.) Oleaceæ. G. A
shrub or small tree with thin glabrous

Mu an De leaves tapering to a
cute apex. Ceylon and Nilgiris.
iw.)

dem € Baker. (G. C.
aes stag f.128.) Liliacez,
r L. japonicum, from
which it t differs Wy = ne oad speciosum-
like leaves and s
tuse verae SUME (R.
Wallace & Co.)

“Linospadix petrickiana. (c6. c.

1898, xxiv., 298, f. 87.) alme. S.
vii Areca-like palm with elegant

innate leaves. New Guinea, (F.
Baader & Co.)

nn a (0. R. 1898,
266.) O æ. S. A species with

rica. sa, Chateau de
Pamoa viie, Pine)

*Livistona Heh teat pe Im -
ni 8. xxiii, 177.) P

-st
(spinous Di i eng orbicular, 18 in.

*Lobelia ee Baker. (K. B.
“hae 157; B. no. 15.) Campanu-
lace nual, 6 in. high

with | thin tufted Bier stems, orbicular
toothed A Bees with purple
beneath ; oose terminal
racem eet nen ic Ins OR blue and
whites Brit. Cent. Africa. (Kew.)

Lycaste M cgo VE &
639.) Ore a Sinn
=i d oci ir ios “Gon

Miu E Internationale,
Brit 8.)

er A iu eg f. (0. È.
to à Agen

IO~

flow te ' grasshopper gener
flowers with sepals 2} in. long, lip
fringed.

hide
ort umbels of subglobose o
pem flowers. Brazil (F. eter &
0,

48

Mammillaria gigantea, Hildm. x
K.1898, 126.) Cactacex. G. A species,
with greenish- yellow flowers, allied to
M. centricirrha, Lem. ico.

€— — Heres men

pro-

Aes a Fe pons the

flowers of vidit are so far unknown.

a “ae phe a Zeissold.
(M. troduced

plant m aot hs ERR E eese
Mex

Masdevallia angulata, Reichb. f.

shorter scapes and perianth, the free
parts of the sepals an being much
lessattenuate. Ecuador. (J. O'Brien.)

Maxillaria (pocket een
R. 1898, 94.) Orchidac
Allied to Pa sanderi iana, paving white
petals and sepals and a broad yellow
lip with some pagi markings. (Glas-
evin.)

mer cer _
304.)
sii species ail ie om ven mista.

Leaves oblong lanceolate 1 ft.
— 6 in, long, c d othed w iiu beati.
ing .

CK. B.
A

owers 3 in. across abe te
and brown- Bern x c
purple. Peru. (F. Sander & Co.)

Mikania Sanderi. fe y. Iu xxiii.
3 Compositæ. ith

mi
purple leaves; flowers n
: er 0.)

with a
across. (J, live Laysin, A

p rmm Leder Car. et 425. =
wit

eg gue ht Seale ree poem
throated lonan, Olioni. (Haage
& Schmidt, Erfurt.)

€— m qi ut 1898,

8.) S. like

M. ee in rn but we
purple flowers. (Sir T. Lawrence.)

*Musa Bakeri, Bach LO GLA
7627.) Scitaminex. S. Anew species

uu . sapientum group. Stem 10 ft.
high, à in, diam. Leaves 7 ft. long

2 ft. wide, petiole 2 ft. long. Spike
short; drooping flower bracts oblong,
6in. long, deep u. inside, intensely
glaucous outsi ale

clusters of 9 to “2. Immature fruit
trigonous, dropping off before ripening.
? Cochin China, (Kew.)

cone E var. (@. C. 1898,

22. Amaryllidacee. H. A

yellow vii of rae species is here
mentioned. (M. Foster),

"Nepenthes ventricosa, Blanco.

narrow, glabrous ; pitchers green,
Mos a es peristome, kr u con-

he middle, . long.
.)

Philippines. (Kew

oce d a E EC 7.
naceao

North America, (Kew

AME Marre albiflora,
H. H. (Gf. 1898, 131, f. 39.)

= forms di ffering from the e type in its
re eh slightly. veh =. ne

white (Da &
Naples

*Nicotiana Ben Spegaz. &
omes, n 898, 131, f. 138 ; [^e
1898, H.
obnuanieaital QUE While Höwered
species with large grey-green leaves.
Argentina. (Dammann & Co., Naples.)

Nidularium amazonicum xai

anum. (G. C. 1898, xxiii, 254.)
Bromeliacew. S. A beautiful pim;
leaves yellow Rak gr

on the upper surface, end oan eo

green Ine erneath. (M. Duprat, Bor
ux

ee Adriane charlesi-

G. the type in
kasing rosie ‘spotted flowers.
Madoux, Brussels, )

EM vire craw-
shayanum. (Z

‚6. puel
hybrid between O erispum and O
hunnewellianum. ^d. Linden & Co.,
Brussels.)

49

Se ae armainvillierense,
1210.)

hybrid 0. tare ‘and

O. erispum. (Baron de Rothschild,

NM sta, )

el Sarde oa ici

185. pposed

klei hybrid baio d O. ge ae
and O, cordatum. (E, Ashworth.)

penne oy aspersum

spots at the base; li
(L. Linden & Oo., Mortebeek, Belgium.)

es gg ET cordal oriana:
8, 188. o bea

am
les 0. pickin: (J. Hye-

Tay, Ghent.

Odontoglossum crispo-harryanum.
. A garden

dm brid between the two a: indi-
cated in the name, (C. Vuylsteke,
Ghent.)

pe deisel fU pede Cypherii.
(0. R 55.) ep ..
and full VUE Met
blotches and speckles. (J. F Cypher).

—M zw ce AM.
CL.

with la
ae Wd Thee Th ot reddish
purple. (L. Linden & Co., Brussels

edes agen ee moore-
L. t.

a yellow disk, (L. Linden * Co.,

lip ith an irregular
blotch of. plow. CF. Sander & Co.)

Odontoglossum hybridum ash-
wort. =

enti
"CE. As shworth.) |

Appears be i
aspersum en:

Ofontoglouenm rates rur ie

ibri "perd n O, crispum and O.

Mmi Bets "CO. Vuylsteke, Ghent.)

Odontoglossum en Ste-
vensii. (0, R.

ween O. —
and O, Pescatorei, (J. Stevens.)
dan toe rochfordianum,
0, R. 1898, 127, 186 6) G
of 0.

ER hybrid pres 0. orispum

and O. Aunnewellianum, (See O.

Adriane.) It has broad segments

0. uoce leopardinum in
rd.)

(T. Roch

Odontoglossum Rolfeæ. (0, R.
v 270) G. A Hber hybrid be-
O, Pusatore | . harry-
aytis Loochristy,

mu
colour,

ere are a Papa
(0. R. 1898, d istinet
and pretty pi um n dark
spotting. at Lindon xt Co., Brussels.)

C— amp d t.

form of able

acral hybri id O. yp TE
Linden & Co., Brussels.)

RU wilskeanum Lin-
den L.t.6

ents are
O. crispum and O: Ister pureum,
(L. Linden & Co., Brussels.)

(Enothera Johnsoni, — (GA.

1898, e 1:82: Onag H,

tal with large ncutron-yellow
flowers, By « western
(Dammann & Co., Naples.)

Oncidium albo-verrucosum.
1898, 2043 6.

(0. R.
sup-
cies with Hess yellow
aedis “the eee barr brown,
and the warted crest waits (Sir T,
Lawrence.)

Oncidium gracillimum, Rolfe. (X. B.
1898, 197; O. R. 1898, 304.) G. A.
new species, allied to 0. —
Pseudobulbs — 3 in. long ; eaves
— in. long ; panicle
large, much 3 ft. long
flowers ger yellow vi a few M
` brown marks about the base of the
' segments. Peru, (F, Sander & Co.)

50

Opeldium maoranthum Townsendi,

8, lowers

excoptionall ad and tichly coloured,
(E. Beckett.)

naate, thibaultianum. (Z. t.

04,) pposed to be a ME
hyboid b between O. erispum

s inire (M. E. Thibault, biet s

“Opuntia. fae MDE su EC e

, 939, ) actacem.

"on ^ r hort, + = mamil-

e, ards wrinkled; spines, a

sub-erect, flat, thin, paper-white appen-
dages from 1 to3 in. long ; flowers not
own, Argentina, (Kew.)

Opuntia xanthosoma elegans.
(Späth Cat. 1898, 102, 152) H. A
form with soft rose-coloured flowers,
Oelorado. (Spáth, Berlin.)

IN monophylla, Hook. f. big o

frs

Pachystoma thomsonianum punc-
tulatum. (R. H. 1898, er t; 0. R.
1898, 6.) A form
principally differing from M AD ates
having the white sepals an m

Roland - aerate Villefranche - sur -

Mer, Ee "istrochilus thom-

sonianus, is, Rolfe, v

Panax — CG. C 1898,
xxiii. 242, f. 88.) Araliace® S. Stem

erect, ing long, elegant, pinnate
leaves 3 ft. long, w ith pinkish stalks,
spotted with white ; the rhachis forked ;
leaflets 10 in. long, pale green,

with omon Takata; (F. San-
der & Co.)

Pandanus PME ie €. 1898,
xxiii, 243, f. 94.) danaces, S.
abit l^ "genera a mici o

7. Stepps. but variegated w with cream

yellow of white. Hab, ?

(F. SR sm & Co.)

Paphiopedium Armee: (0. R

1898, 112) Ore
hybrid between ulpa and
P, eiliolare, “Ww. M. Appleton.)

Eaphinpedinm Mahleræ, (0. R.
898, 271. A garden hybrid
tween JP. rothachitda num an

lawrenceanum, (R. H., Measures.)

FEpUpadium Rowans. (0. R. 1898,
A garden hybrid bet
Fu Shambara nana and P. alates
lum, (R, H. Mea

esphiopediom u ayes ome
(0. , 33 a).

wey Soe e = id be oe P. eine
and P. Ho okere (Syn. Cypripedium
Shipwa y@). Borneo, (Col. Shipway.)

Fapiiepedium | yesionienas (0. R.
arden hybrid
e: me Toses: ane P:
barbatum W. armer, very simi to
P, siamense. (W.M.A d iren
de e dear iade eg (0. R.
S. arden hybrid
iud "P de ea uen and
ee (Linden, Brussels.)

ie id sd ia ii, M. T. Maste

(@. 8, — Lore f.114) Passi.
fio species, near

P.g ul se broadly oblong,
acute, leathery, glabrous above, setu-
lose below. erect, 4 in. wide,

bright let, the petals smaller, rose
colou al hi I
Thurn calls it “the red and white
Passionflower," Guiana.

Phaius x (LL. t. 618.) press
je A garden hybrid betw
ce steh and P. tuberculosis.
oN. C. Cookson.) [P. “Norman.” }

Phalenopsis Schredere. (0. R.
1898. 2 Orchidacex. S. A hybrid
between P. leucorrhoda and P. inter-

apte "Portei. (Low & Co.

rai inis ci - Mannii.
(0. 57.) S rden hybrid
l Mines sien D, stuartiana.

(J. Veitch & Son ns.)

Philodendron Martineti.
xxiii., 254. ==

we

Ca. 6
8, Seo eav
um sagittate, dark n above,
dnt) below, (De Bas Devivier,

NON triumphans. € =
Carderi, i, bat a a ese grower, ‘with
large. (M. De 8

ves twi met-
Duvivier, )

51

Phlebodium Mayii. (G. C. 1898,
iii, 332, f, 121.) Fili S. A
variety of Polypodium aureum, having
undulated serrated fron a silve
metallio lustre and veins with
(H. B. May.)
*Phlomis cashmiriana, ee. u^
C. 1898, xxiv., 421.) Labiato.

pecies with whitish beatin
d pi
(Max Leichtlin.)

Esel ud Mitford. (@.
a 6, f£. 68.) Graminex
the colouring of Ph yllo-
d n. pi with the graceful habit
of u fring and P, boryana. Japan,
(A. B. Mitford.)

Pilocereus marschalleckianus, Zeis Zeis-
sold. (M. |

from an imported specimen, Mexico.

m — Welw, >
898, xxiii., Filices, S.

n well marked ex quite distin
m P. @thiopieum, with which ri

ovdi: with felt-like hairs.
(Kew.)

EE d is) x x H6,
« 2.

bu ee 3 "rid linear acute, 10 in.
ng; n. long, many flowered.

(Gitenevi

A wo bw ix (K, B.
192 ; 8, 302.) tne

eaves
in. long, raceme short, fleshy ; $
‘all brown-red with a
purple lip. Maxine

“Podotheca iue — =.

na
golden yello ow flow
Pimelia, Western Miiat, i co 5

59

bees genni oer xg a | Rhamnus- uns intermedia
l

um. xxiii. 254,) Filices.
. rn wi

d
niece, Ghent.)
IS a0) — CN. B.
aces. S. Nearly
= os p hii, Rolfe, but differs
n = numerous leaves and always
branched inflorescences. German East
Africa. (Berlin B. G.)

Prunus Laurocerasus schipkaensis
c ga mn Made Cat. No. 102,
111.7 ROB orm with
spreading Geitioliok and shortly oval
eaves, (Spath, PEREI

Prunus realen schipkaensis
lia

zabe & Cat. No. 102,
110, with willow-like
e. lanceolate leaves (Spüth
Berlin.)
‘Pteris c iere urreenee = (ec
f. 139) Filices. S
die aste eA on the well n
P. cretica Wimsettii. (H. B. May.)
dide — (@. €.1898, xxiv.,
A robust crested form of
P p Garden origin. (T.
Rochford.)

bsp ae pers m
(G. C. 1898, xxiv., 330, 435, f. 126.)

Pal w 8 tem 10
to ft. high, slender, nodes 3 in.
apart ; leaves 4 ft. lon

apering

femal E panics: fruit
4 in. long, Bra hE right red; seed
5-grooved. Young plants very elegant.

New Guinea. (F. Sander & Co.)

*Ptychosperma Warleti. (@.
1898, xxiii, 242, f. 91.) S. La
small state.

cuneate, erose at the margin, silvery
beneath. Hab.? (F.Sander & Co.)

PN E Keir Wie Mee A. pori

CAM.
H. A
dwarf shrub resembling P viltis.

Small yellowish- white flowers are
numerous d have an our of
inna N, W. America.

cinnamon,

|

Koehne, (Späth Cat. bue 102, ne
' Rhamnacex nte
tween the indi vui R poster
and the narrow-leaved R. californica,
California. (Spüth, Berlin.)

Ero mee ctm rubiginosum,
Franch

Veitch &

punctatum fro untai
North MÀ slim, ke. ‚but dites in its
muc rg rms Yunnan. (J.
Veitch r Sot

“Rhododendron RE
Franch. (B. M. t. 7614) H. An
erect - growing eae with . white
flowers, 2 in. across, spotted with
blood-red towards the of the
upper corolla-lobes. Yunnan, . (J.

Sons.)

—— pubens, var. maxim
sse. =. 1898, 592.) Capriali
ri H. is is apparently S. cana
soi. (H. Hesse, Weener, orit J
*Sareanthus Ede aer Mur

flowers
coloured pale lilac with the column
and front of the lip bright purple.
Hong Kong. (Kew.)

Br

to
significant, Falkland Isles. A. K.

Bulley.)

Senecio hanburianus, Dinter. (G.C.

wers in loose Cs pale yellow.
? South Africa. (T. Hanbury,
Mortola.)

Sievekingia Li agree Rolfe.
(B. M. t. 7576.) 8.
Habit of a small ren ca, having Sa
clustered, pear- -shaped, ri pseudo- ——

. bulbs 1 long, each bearing
scorsi nee aee mes irme
leaf with mottled

e
etiole. Flowers dd. 6 in a pendu -

in
tals n
and NER a Es the labellum, ei me
with deep lat

blotched with red. Ecuador. (Siz
Trevor Lawrence.) i
iri Fortunei, Vis. (6. C. 1898,

of the Note Hii Catch-fl y,
laciniate pink petals. China. (Kew.)

ie rut RUN CK. D. 1898,
Orchidacez.
x eo eie ani ed to S. swaveo-
i t. high ; kara oblong

brown between the eels. Trop.
America. (P. Ralli.)

Sobralia Rn St H. 1898, 314.)
S. Asup brid of which
S. xantholeuca ^ one E p parents.
irem large, soft yellow shaded with

(Sir F. Wigan.)

a agi pee ds Din ^
R. , 270.) Orchidae
garden hybrid between Ca epa hari
na and Sophronitis grandiflora
(Hon. J J. Chambi ain.)

— rn. Er ^
xxii

Diefenback rin plant b with p m
ovate, dark green leaves, spotted with
yellow. (De Smet- Durivier, Ghent.)

age ao impressa, Rolfe. (K. B.
1898, 196; O. H.1898, 803.) Orchid-
aceæ new _- ied to 8.
inodora. - Pseudob
leaves Sig oblong, 1 ft. iur.
scape long, bearing 4 flowers
Wah bed ovate bracts elliptic oblong
, 2 in. long, a 3-lo

ERI

*

Stanhopea madouxiana, Cogniaux.
(G. C. 1898, xxiv., 134, f.34.) S. A
new species. with ovoid peeudobulbs ;
léaves 20 to 30 in. long, 5 to 9 im.
, across ; le pen: bearing one

or two fragrant flowers 6 in. across,

a.

creamy whi spotted with pink; lip
tinged with a rk purple ; nva with
. rather large wings. Colom

*Stanhopea —

(G.-C.
1898, xxiv., 14 A new

-

owers, 6 in. ac

le; colu
purple; m dex purple with «i ivory
white and numerous red spots
on the nacti. (Sir T. Lawrence.)

*Stanleya pomi Nutt. (Gf.
1898, 222, f. 67.) Crucifer®. A har dy
perennial, with gisbrots glaucous
leaves and many-flowe racemes
of ye allow flowers. Colorado, (W.
Thompson, Ipswich.)

—.. ier Hessei. EE D. €
36.) Sapindacex. H.

: ybi betw em ay colehica NM.
erii and S. pinnata. (Hesse, Weener
Hanover.)

ES C EO Girard. (G. C.
, 284.) Plumbaginacex.
db in le species 3 ft. high with
meig — and yellow corollas.
China. (Kew.)

Eos oe lacera, Brandegee. (4. C.
1898, xxiii, 355, f. 135.)
G. A sub-s
nial, with small clear ora
or yellow flowers. California. (Col.
John Ross.)

RE UT — Rolfe. (K.
1898, 304.)

p yellow, wi ve
Colombia. (Sir T. Lawrence.)

Ulmus a it = er 26.)
rtieac
metrical u pig d we ot great
vigour.” (Gaujard - Rome fils,
Chateauroux, Sent
on Di effenbachii, Benth. (6.
41.

898, xxiv., 155, ) Serophu-
ls e A alee or half-hardy
shrub, about 2 ft. high, bearing long

Islands.

Toona Lindsayi.
; 291, T 91) G.
Be é "hybrid between V. april
and V. pimeleoides. (R. Lindsay.)

C6. = 1898,

ae sheen dene (Jard. 1898,

202.) orm of the
omg pem CY. e , L. var.),
vicium pale aint flowers, .. ‘Chenault,
leans.)

y Bloki. (4. 5 1898, xxiii.,
254) Bromeliacee.
a synonym for Tülandsi sia Regina
(Ghent Exhibition. )
MN Martelli. (@. C. 1898, xxiii.,
54) 8. r ally of Mere
n "a leaves & are narrower
whitish at the base; flowers balhs
red. (Ghent Exhibition.)

VM monsiana. (G. C. 1898, xxiii.,
54.) S. A near ally of Tillandsia

Regina. Plant 5 ft. high; leaves 4 in-

cream
(Ghent Eehibition n.)

margin

IM AU (R. H. 1898, 395;
898, 281, ae S. A garden
hybrid eae asiana and
Hec. M. Duval, Versailles.)

orig hres mom zu E

leni three-lobed. Maul
w.)

ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

BULLETIN

OF

MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.

APPENDIX III.—1899.

LIST of the STAFFS of the ROYAL GARDENS, Kew, and
of Botanical Departments and Establishments at Home,
and in India and the Colonies, in Correspondence with
Kew.

* Trained at Kew. T Recommended by Kew.

Royal Gardens, Kew :—

Director - z - - Sir W. T. Thiselton-Dyer,
K.C.M.G, CI F.R.S.,
ELD Ph.D, M A , F.L.S
Private Secretary - - - Stephen T. Dunn B.A.,
I Assistant ed SH Burkill, M.A., F.L.S.
Assist - *John

Aikman
- *William Nicholls Winn.

» »

Keeper of Herbarium and Library *William Botting Hemsley,
F.R.S.,

Principal Assistant(Phanerogams) Otto Stapf, "Ph.D., A.L.S.
ptogams) - George Massee,
Assistant era - - Nicholas Edward Brown,

*Robert Allen Rolfe, A.L.S.
Charles Henry Wright, A.L.S.
*Sidney Alfred Skan.

i r L 1 t
[] ' J LI L

; for India - H. H. W. Pearson, B.A.

4886—1375—12/99 Wt92 D&S 29

56

exea m $ ere nd l HY Henry Scott,

boratory - F.R.S., M.A., Ph.D., F.L.S.
Keeper of Museums - - - John Reader = A.LS.
Assistant eee ds - - John Masters Hillie
Preparer - - George Badderly.

Curator of the Gardens - - George Nicholson, F.L.S.
een Curator - - - William Watson.
Forem

fg tum - - *William J. Bean.

Herbaceous Departme ent - - *Walter Irving.

up emis and Ornamental Frank Garrett.

Depart
Hanna - - - *William Dallimore.

Cambridge.—University Botanic Garden :— |
Professor - - - Harry Marshall Ward,
M.A., D.Sc., F.R.S.,

F.L.S.
Secretary to en A. ©. Seward, M.A.,
arden Syo acato F

Dustor - - *Richard Irwin Lynch,
A.L.S.
Dublin.—Royal Botanic Gardens, Glasnevin :—
Keeper - - - Frederick W. Moore,
A.L.S.
Trinity College Botanie Gardens :—
Professor - - - E. Perceval Wright,
M. x F.L.S., Sec.
R.I
Curator - - 2 W. Flags M.A.,
F.L.S.
Edinburgh.—Royal Botanic Garden :—
Regius Keeper - - Isaac Bayley Balfour,
M.D., D.Sc., F.R.S.,
FLS.
Head Gardener - =
Assistant Gardener - *R. L. Harro

Glasgow.—Botanic Gardens :—
University Professor- F. O. Bower, D.Sc.,
F.R.S, F L.S.

Curator - - - *Daniel Dewar.
Oxford.—-University Botanic Garden :—
Professor - - - er Vines, D.Sc.,
F.R.S., F.L.S.

Curator > - - "William Baker,

-

57

COLONIES.
Antigua.—Botanic Ku :—
Cura

uperintendent

Assistant Superinten-

- - *W. N. Sands.
Barbados.—Dodd's ues Botanic Statio
S

John R. Bovell; F.C.S.,
C. E. Stoute.

ent.
Lecturer in Agricultural TAlber: Howard, B.A.
ience.

Bermuda.—Botanic Station

Supe dinodai - TG. A. Bishop.
ymse rn. Africa.—Scientifie Department :—
- He

ad of Department -

J. MeClounie.

Government Botanist *John Mahon.

prism ee —Botanic Gardens :—
Geo - Superintendent and
Government Bo-
tanist.

Head "Garden er

*George S. Jenman,
F.L.S.

- tJohn F. Waby.
d

Agricultural Assistant *Robert Ward.

Promenade en :—
; : Head — -
Berbice - - Keeper - :

William Jackson
Richard Hunt.

British Honduras.— Botanic Station :—

Curator - - -
Canada.—
Ottawa - - Dominion Botanist -

Assistan :
Director a Govern-
xperi-
mental Farms.
Director’s —€—
and uperi
tendent of Bo-
tanic Garden
Botanist M Ento-
mologis
Montreal- - Director, "University
Botanic Garden.
Cape Colony.—

Government Botanist

Eugene Campbell.

Prof. John Macoun,
MA, E.R...
F.L.S.

de M. Macoun.

Wm. Saunders,
Es R.S. C., F.L.S.

W. T. Macoun.

James Fletcher, F.L.S.
Prof. D. P. Penhallow,
B.Sc.

Prof. MacO wan, F.L.S.

Ceylon.— Department of Royal Botanic Gardens :—

Director - -
Government Entomo-
Per adeniya =- Qurator - = ^

Clerk E - $
Draughtsman - -

- tJohn C. Willis, M.A.,

F.L.S.

E. E. Green.
*Hugh MeMillan.
J. Ferdinandus.

W. de Alwis.

58

Hakgala - - Superintendent -
Clerk and Foreman -
Henaratgoda - Conductor -
Anuradhapura : Re
Badulla - E - -
Dominica.—Botanic sation :—

Cura

daslogttnesd School :—
Officer in Charge

Agricultura Instruc-

- *William Nock.

M. G. Perera.

S. de Silva, Arachchi.
- D. F. de Silva.

- D. A. Guneratne.

*Joseph Jones.
G. F. Branch.

- *D. Tannock.

East Africa Protectorate.—Botanic Station :—

Uganda

Curator - -

- tAlexander Whyte,
M.A. F.L.S.

Falkland Islands.—Government House Garden :—

Head Gardener -
Fiji.—Botanic Station :—

Curator - :
Gambia.—Botanic Station :—

Curator - -
Gold Coast.—Botanic Station :—

Curator -

Assistant Curator
Grenada.—Botanic Garden :—

urator - -

- *Albert Linney.

- *Daniel Yeoward.

- *William H. Johnson.
4. "T W. Brown.

- *Walter E. Broad way.

Hong Kong.—Botanic and Afforestation Department :—
Superintendent - - TCharles Ford, F.L.S.
—_— Superinten- *W. J. Tut cher.
den

Jamaica.— Department of Public Gardens and Plantations :—
Director - - {William Fawcett,
B.Sc., F.L.S.

Hope € Gardens - Superintendent - - *William Cradwick.
Assistant Superinten- *Thomas J. Harris.
dent.

Castleton Garden Superintendent - *William J. Thompson.

Cinchona (Hill — » - *William Harris..
Garden).

Kingston Parade * - John Campbell.
Garden.

King's House Assistant Superinten- William R. Walker.
Garden. dent.

- - Overseer - - - A. H. Groves.
Lecturer in Agricultural [W. R. Buttenshaw, -
__ Seience. . BSc. |

Lagos.—8Botanic Station :—

urator - - E ———-
Assistant - - - *F. G, R Leigh.
=. ie - - - *T. B. Dawodu.
Malta.—Argotti Botanic Garden :—

Direetor - - Dr. Francesco Debono.
Mauritius.—Department of Forests and Botanic Gardens :—
Pamplemousses - Director - - J. Vankeirsbilck.

= Assistant - - Paul Koenig.
- - - f. E. Pougnet.
cese. : - - J. Powell.
Curepipe - - Overseer - : - .F. Bijoux.
Reduit - E = : - - W. A. Kennedy.

Montserrat.—Botanic Station :—
Curator - = - ——
Agricultural Instruc- * A. J. Jordan.
tor.

Natal.—Botanic Gardens :—

Durban - . Curator = -— - John. Medley Wood,
Head Gardener - - *James Wylie.

Pietermaritzburg Curator - - ~ G. Mitchell.

New South Wales.—Botanic Gardens :—
Sydney - - Director and Govern- J. H. Maiden, F.L.S.
ment Botanist.
Boneriaten endent - George Harwood.
Botanical Assistant - E. Betche.
Technological Museum :— . -

Curator - - - R. T. Baker, F.L.S.

New Zealand :—
Wellington.—Colonial Botanic Garden :—

Head Gardener - - G. Gibb.
Dunedin - - Superintendent- - J. McBean.
Napier - - = . "=" W. Barton.
Invercargill - Head Gardener- - Thomas Waugh.
Auckland - -BRanger - - - William Goldie.
Christchurch - Head Gardener- - "Ambrose Taylor.

Niger Coast men. — .Botanie Garden :—
Old Calabar - Curato: . *John H. Holland.
Assistant Curator - —— _

Perak (Taiping) — Government Gardens and Plantations : :—
Superintendent - - *Robert Derry.

60

Queensland.—Botanic Department :—

Brisbane - - Colonial Botanist - F. M. Bailey, F.L.S.
Botanic Gardens :—
Curator - - - *Philip MacMahon.
Overseer - - - J. Tobin.

ee = Society’s Gardens:
ae = Manager . Edward Grimley.

Over - James Mitchell.
Rockhampton - an - - J. S. Edgar.
St. Kitts-Nevis. —Botanic Station :—
Curator - - - *William Lunt.
St. Lucia.—Botanic Station :—
Curator *John Chisnall —

Agricultural Instruo- George S. Hudso
St. er Station :—

Cur *Henry Powell.

Agricultura Insirno- *M. McNeill.

Sierra Leone.—Botanic Station :—

Curator - - - *Walter Haydon.
South Australia.—Botanic Gardens :—
Adelaide - - Director - - - Maurice Holtze, F.L.S.
Port Darwin - Curator - - - Nicholas Holtze.
Straits Settlements.—Gardens and Forest Department :—
Singapore - Director - - a 7E Ridley, M.A.,
L.S.

Assistant Superinten- “Walter Fox.
dent.
Penang - - Assistant Superinten- TCharles Curtis, F.L.S.
dent.
Tasmania.—Botanic Gardens :—
Hobart Town - Superintendent- - F. Abbott.
Tobago.— Botanic Station :—

urator - - - *Henry Millen.
Cacao Instructor - W.C. Caines.
Trinidad.—Royal Botanic Gardens :—
Superintendent- - tJohn H. Hart, F.L.S.
Assistant „ - *W. Leslie.
Victoria.—Botanic Gardens :—
. . Melbourne - - Curator - E - W.R.Guilfoyle.
National cmi —

Curator - E - J.G.Luehmann, F.L.S.

61

West Indies.—Imperial Department of Agriculture :—
Barbados - - Commissioner - - D. Morris, O.M.G.
L.S

ren Superin- G. W. Sm
tenden

ee - - tH. M. Lefroy, B.A.
HE “Conslting Prof. J. B. Harrison,
hem M. Ua F.0.8.
= » Prof. J. P. d'Albuquer-
que M.A. F.LC.,
F.C.S.

Western PERESS ERASE of ern —
Perth- E - Alexander Morrison.
vem Botanist - F. Turner, F.L.S.
Sydney).
Zanzibar.—

Director of Agricul- R. N. Lyne.
ture.

INDIA. '
Botanical Survey.—Director, Major D. Prain, M.B, IMS.
F.L.S., .E
Bengal, Assam, Burma; the Andamans and Nicobars ; North-
East Frontier Expeditions .—
Superintendent | Major D. Prain, M.B.,

the Royal Botanic LMS F.L.S., F.R.S.E.

Gardens, Calcutta
Bombay, including Sin
Peka xot Botany,
College d G. A. Gammie.
Science, Poona -
Madras: the State of Hyderabad and the State of Mysore :—
overnment Botanist fC. era Barber, M.A.,

North-Western Provinces and Oudh; the Punjab; the Central
en Central India ; Rajputana ; North-West Frontier
Expeditions :—

Director of the Bo-
Lei agio tJ. F. Duthie, B.A.,
Saharanpur, PLS.
N.W.P. -

Bengal :—
Reporter on Econo-
mic Products to
the Government T. SEE se.
of India, Indian
Museum, Calcutta

62

Bengal.—Department of Royal Botanic Gardens :—

Calcutta Superintendent -
(Seebpore)

Curator
barium

em x5 Garden -

Assis » T

Pies -

of .. |

Major D. Prain,
M.B., 1.M.S., ELS

F.R.S.E.
Lieutenant Gage, I. M.S.

*G. T. Lan
* Albert E. T. uu

Caleutta.—Agri-Horticultural Society of India :—

Secretary - -

Mungpoo E
1 -

chona Plantations

as Go-
vernm Ci

Deputy

dica Assistant"

2nd

So

h 3
Darjeeling. Lloyd Botanic Garden :—

Curator - E -

on .—Maharajah’s Garden :—
Superintendeni -

Bombay.—
Poona - ee
Professor of Botany
Ghorpuri.—Botanie Garden :—
Superintendent -
Bombay.—Municipal Garden :—
Superintendent -
Karachi Marian Garden :—
Superintendent
Central Provinces.—
|. Nagpur -

Publie Gardens.

Madras.—Botanie Department :—
Ootacumund

Director of Gove
ment

P. Lancaster.

Major D. Prain,
M.B., LM.S, F.L.S.,
F.R.S.E.

*R. Pantling.

*Joseph Parkes.

* Amos Hartless.

*Oliver T. Hemsley.

*George H. Cave.

Herbert ‘horn.

G. A. Gammie.
P. G. Kanitkar.

C. D. Mahaluxmivala.

- Superintendent of *J. Horne Stephen.

- Government Botanist fC. A. Barber, M.A.,
L.S.

Oihan W. M. Standen.

ee ns.

Curator of Gardens *Robert L. Proudlock.
and Parks.

63

Madras.—Agri-Horticultural Society :—
Hon. Secretary - - Dr. A. G. Bourne.

Superintendent - *B. Cavanagh.
Native States.—

Mysore(Bangalore) Superintendent - *J. Cameron, F.L.S.
Baroda - - "i - *G. H. Krumbiegel.
Gwalior - - = - tC. Maries, F.L.S.
Morvi - - - *Joseph Beck.
Travancore (Tina), = -
Udaipur - = ^ - T. H. Storey.

North-West Provinces—

Agra(Taj Garden) Superintendent - F. J. Bullen.
Allahabad - - 5 - *H. J. Davies.
Cawnpur - » - G. H. T. Mayer.
Kumaon (Ramghar) » - *F. W. Seers.
Lucknow - » - *Matthew Ridley.
Saharanpur and
Branch Garden, is - William Gollan.
Mussoorie.
Punjab.—
Lahore - - Superintendent - H. G. Hein.

4386 b

ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

BULLETIN

OF

MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION,

APPENDIX IV.—1899.

N OT E.

IN the preface to the Catalogue of the Library of the Royal
Botanic Gardens, which was issued as Volume III. of the
Additional Series of the Kew Bulletin, it was stated that
annual lists of future additions would be published in the

Bulletin.

The present instalment contains the additions made to the
Library by gift or purchase during the year 1898, with the
exception of such current periodicals and annuals as continue

sets already catalogued.

Like the Catalogue, the List is printed on one side of the
page, to allow of its being cut up. It is probable that many
persons and institutions will make the Kew Catalogue the basis
of their own, and will use the lists of additicns to supply
printed slips for fresh titles.

3323—1375—7/99 Wt92 D&S 29

We oda mj ji nie

CATALOGUE OF THE LIBRARY.

Additions received during 1898.

$ 1—GENERAL.

Abercrombie, John. The Gardeners daily Assistant in the modern
praetice of English Gardening. London, 1786. 12mo.

mem a Georg. Species genera et ordines Algarum, etc.
Vol. i s. 3. Lundae, 1898. 8vo.

aena Charles Cardale. The British Rubi. London, 1869.
mo. :

Baldacci, Antonio. Il mio settimo viaggio nel Montenegro.
Roma, 1898. 8vo

Ball, John. The Alpine Guide. The Western Alps. New
edition by W. A. B. COOLIDGE. London, 1898. 8vo.

Bartholinus, Thomas. Dispensatorium Hafniense, jussu superi-
orum a medicis hafniensibus adornatum. Hafniae, 1658.- sm. 4to.

Beal, Wiliam J. Report of the Botanical Department of the
in Agricultural College [Michigan]. June, 1897. [Lansing,
T]: 8vo

Beauvisage, Georges E. C. Notice sur le R. P. Montrouzier.
(Ann. Soc. Bot. Lyon, xxii.) Paris, 1898. 8vo.

Beckwith, zu & Mary E. —À (assisted by JOSEPH B.
FULLER). Plants of Monroe County, New York, and adjacent
territory (Proc. Rochester Acad. Sc. iii.). Poi, 1896. 8vo.

Beroaldus, Phillipus, the Elder. See vetu G.
Bischoff, Gottlieb Wilhelm.

Arten-Register zu den Tafeln des dere der hen
Terminologie. Nürnberg, 1849. 4to.

ae

Bishop, George A. A report on the diseases affecting the Lily in
== muda, their cause, treatment, prevention. (Bermuda), 1898.
vo.

8323 A2

67

[Bloomfield, Edwin Newson.) The natural history of Hastings
and St. Leonards and the vicinity, "Third supplementary list.
St. Emon. Sea, 1898. 8vo.

Boulger, George Simonds. Presidential address [to the South-
Eastern Union of Scientific ara 1895. (Trans. South-East.
Union Se. Soc., 1898). 8vo

[Bourne, Alfred Gibbs.] List of the plants of Southern India
[from M. A. LAWSON'S herbarium. Madras, 1897]. fol.

Bower, Frederick Orpen. Address to the Botanical Section of
the British Association for the Advancement of Science. Bristol,
1898. (London, 1898). 8vo.

Bretschneider, Emil. History of European botanical discoveries
in China. London, 1898. 2 vols.

Britten, James. Popular British Fungi. London (sa.) 8vo.

Britton, ee Lord, & Addison Brown. An illustrated Flora
of the Northern United States, Canada, and the British Possessions.
Vol. iii. Now York, 1898. 8vo.

Brotherus, Victor Ferdinand. Some new species of Australian
Mosses. (Öfversigt af Finska Vet. Soc. Fórh.lv.). 1898. 8vo

Brown, Robert, Farmer of Markle. A treatise on agriculture
and rural affairs. Edinburgh, 1811. 2 vols. 8vo.

Bruchmann, H. Ueber die Prothallien und die —— E
mehrerer parokiacher Lyeopodien. Gotha, 1898. 8vo

Buchenau, Franz. Luzula campestris und verwandte Arten.
(Oesterr. bot. Zeitschr., 1898). Wien, 1898. Svo.

Buc'hoz, Pierre Joseph. Collection précieuse et enluminée des
fleurs les plus belles et les plus curieuses, etc. Partie 1 et 2.
Paris (1776). fol.

unbury, Frances Joanna. Life, letters, and journals of Sir
Charles J. F. Bunbury, Bart., edited by his wife F. J. B. (8. 1. e.a.)
3 vols. 8vo.

min George C. The cultivation of American Ginse
ennsylvania. (Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Dep. er
Ball 21). 1897. 8vo

[Cambridge.] Report (Annual) of the Botanic Garden Syndi-
cate, May 31,1898. Cambridge, 1898. fol.

Camerarius, Joachim I. F. Icones accurate nune primum
delineate stirpium, quarum descriptiones tam in Horto qu:
ma Hercynia suis locis habentur. Francofurti ad Menum,
sm. 4to.

68

Öarrington, Benjamin. British Hepatice. [Part 4]. London,
8.2. 8vo.

Cato, M. See Merula, G.

Cause, D. H. De koninglycke Hovenier aanwyzende de mid-
delen om Boomen, etc. Amsterdam (1676). fol.

Ceylon. Handbook and Directory, 1885-86, edited by A. M. &
J. FERGUSON. Colombo, 1886? 8vo.

Cobbett, William. The English Gardener. London, 1829. 8vo.

Coe, Charles C. Nature versus natural selection. London, 1895.
8vo.

Coincy, Auguste de. Ecloga tertia plantarum hispanicarum.
Paris, 1897. 4to.

— Ecloga quarta plantarum hispanicarum. Paris, 1899
[1898]. 4to.

Coleman, W. S. Our woodlands, heaths, and hedges. London,
1859. 8vo.

Colgan, N. See Moore, D. Cybele Hibernica. Ed. 11.

Columella, L. J. M. See Merula, G.

Commelyn, Jan. Nederlantze Hesperides, dat is, oeffening en
gebruik van de Limoen en Oranje-Boomen. Amsterdam, 1676.
fol.

Contributions from the Shaw School of Botany. 10. SCHRENK, H.
VON. The trees of St. Louis as influenced by the tornado of 1896.
ll. SCHRENK, H. VON. On the mode of dissemination of Usnea
barbata. [St. Louis, 1898.]

Coolidge, W. A. B. See Ball, J.

Curaçao. Tweede jaarlijksch Verslag van het Geschied-, Taal-,
Land- en Volkenkundig Genootschap. Amsterdam, 1898. 8vo.

[Curtis, William.] A catalogue of the Plants growing wild in
the environs of London. London, 1774. 8vo.

Darbishire, Otto Vernon. Ueber Bangia pumila, Aresch.
(Wissenschaft. Meeresuntersuchung. Neue Folge, iii.) [ Kiel], 1898.
4to.

De Vries, Hugo. L’unité dans la variation. Considérations sur
l'hérédité, (Revue de l'Université de Bruxelles, iii) Bruxelles,
1898.

De Wildeman, Em., & Théophile Durand. Prodrome de la Flore
Belge, 1-7. Bruxelles, 1897-98. 8vo.

69

De Wildeman, Ém. & mp gens Durand. aor Bite b de la flore
du Congo (Ann nales du Musée du Congo. Série I. Tome i.
Fas aoe ) Bruxelles, 1898. 4o

Diels, Ludwig. Die Flora von China. (Naturwissensch.
Wochenschr. xiii.) 1898. fol.
Dixon, Henry H. & J. Joly. On some minute organisms found
in the surface-water of Dublin and Killiney Bays. (Scientific
Proc. Roy. Dubl. Soc. viii. (N. S.) (Dublin, 1898). 8vo.

Draper, Walter. Le Jardinage en Égypte. Traduit par E. M.
BENSILUM. Le Caire, 1898. 8vo.

rayton, Edward. The Grenada Handbook, Directory and
Micke for the year 1898. London, 1598. 8vo.

Druce, George Claridge. Notes on Mr. Britten's review of * The
Flora of Berkshire," etc. London, 1898. 8vo

Durand, Théophile, & Hans Schinz. d dan Flore Africe.
Vol v. and Vol. i, 2me partie. Bruxelles, 1895 and 1898. 8vo

Durand Théophile. See De Wildeman, Em.

Engler, Adolf, & Oscar Drude. Die Vegetation der Erde. ii.
Grun ndzüge der Pflanzenverbreitung i in den Karpathen, von F. PAX.
Bandi. Leipzig, 1898. 8vo.

English forests and forest trees. London, 1853. 8vo.

Estienne (latinized Stephanus), Charles. Seminarium sive plan-
TOR earum arborum, que post ortos conseri solent etc. Lugduni,
537. 8vo.

——— Arbustum. Fonticulus, Spinetum. Parisiis, 1538. 8vo.

—— De re hortensi libellus, etc. Lugduni, 1539. 8vo. (This
differs from the Paris edition.)

Farlow, William Gilson. The conception of Species as affected
by recent investigations of ems (Address to Amer. Assoc.
Adv. Sc.) Boston, 1898. 8vo

Farrer, W. The making and improvement of Wheats for
Australian conditions. (Dep. Agric. Sydney, Misc. Publication,
206.) Sydney, 1898. 8vo.

Fedtschenko, Boris (Fedchenko) Poyezdka b zapadnsii Tyan-

n dlya izucheniya dednikov Talassakago Alatau. (Izvyestii,
$e) S. S ebore, 1898. 8vo. (Predvaritelnuii otchet) 7.e.,
Preliminary Re

Feilden, Henry Wemyss. The flowering plants of duis
Zemlya, ete. (Journ. Bot., 1898.) London [1898]. 8vo

10
Ferguson, A. M., & J. See Ceylon.

Fischer, Eduard. Beitrüge zur Kryptogamenflora der Schweiz.
Band i. Heft 1.—Entwicklungsgeschichtliche Untersuchungen
über Rostpilze, Bern, 1898. 8vo.

Fliehe, Paul. Note sur la flore des lignites des tufs et des
tourbes quaternaires ou actuels du Nord-est de la France. (Bull.
Soc. Géol. Fr. III. xxv.) Paris, 1897. Svo.

s naturalisations forestiéres en France et la paléon-
tologie. Besancon, 1898. 8vo.

ote sur les bois fossiles de Mételin. (Ann. des Mines,
1898.) Dar, 1898. 8vo.

—— Note sur les tufs du Brabant a) et les variations du
noisetier commun. Paris [1898?] 8vo

Florist. The Complete Florist, or the Lady and Gentleman’s
Recreation in the Flower Garden, ete. London [1730?] 8vo.

Fuchs, Leonhard. Den nieuwen herbarius, dat is, dboeck van

= ver int welcke bescreven is niet alleen die gantse historie

n de cruyden, maer oock gefigureert ende geconterfeyt. Basel,
iunc 1543. fol.

Fuller, Joseph B. See Beckwith, F.

Gallardo, Angel. Algunos casos de teratologica vegetal.
Fasciación, proliferación y sinantia. — Mus. Nac. Buenos
Aires, VI.) Buenos Aires, 1898. 8vo

Gardener’s New Kalendar. See Hill, J. 1758.

Gardiner, Walter. Methods for the demonstration of “ con-
necting threads” in the cell wall. (Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. IX.)
[ Cambridge, 1898.] 8vo.

Gautier, Gaston. gia oid raisonné de la flore des Pyrénées-
Orientales. Paris, 18

Geiger, Hermann. Beiträge zur pharmakognostischen und
— Kenntnis der Jaborandiblátter. Berlin [1898 ?]
vo,

[Gilbert, Sir Joseph Henry.] Memoranda of the origin, plan,
and results of the field and e ke c eds a on =
farm and in the laboratory hn Benn
is ee etc. 1880, 1389, i890, 1892. ae "1892; 1895-96.

—— History, and present — of the Rothamsted investi-
gations. London, 1890. 8vo

71

(Gilbert, Sir Joseph Henry.] Observations on rainfall, per-
colation, and evaporation, etc. (Proc. Inst. Civ. Engin., cv.)
London, 1891.

Goebel, Karl. Organographie der Pflanzen insbesondere der
Archegoniaten und Samenpflanzen, 1-2. Jena, 1898. 8vo.

Ueber Studium und Auffassung der boe cpm cid
sohehiungen bei Pflanzen. München, 1898. 4to

Goldney, Grace. Illustrated guide to the Royal Gardens, Kew.
London, 1898. obl. 8vo.

Graves, George. A monograph of the British grasses. N. 1-6.
London, 1822-23. 8vo

Guerke, M. See Richter, K.

Hackel, Eduard. The true grasses. Translated by F. LAMSON-
SCRIBNER and EFFIE A. SOUTHWOOD. Westminster, 1896. Svo.

Hallier, Hans Gottfried. Zwei Convolvulaceensammlungen des
botanischen Museums zu Ha are (Jahrb. Hamb. Wissensch.
Anstalt. xv.) Hamburg, 1898.

Handley, John. Catalogue of T growing in the Sedbergh
District, ete. Leeds, 1898. 8vo

Hart, Henry Chichester. Flora of the County Donegal. Dublin
and London, 1898. $8vo.

[Hartless, Amos C.] The art of medicine amongst the natives
of the remus District. (Indian Gardening, 1898?) [Calcutta,
1898 ?] 8vo

Heiberg, Peter Andreas Christian. Conspectus criticus Diato-
macearum danicarum. Kjöbenhavn, 1863.

Henniker, Frederick Chandos. Annual note on crop experiments
in Assam for 1897-98. Shillong, 1898. fol.

Henry, Augustine. A list of plants from stage a with some
preliminary remarks on the Geography, etc., of the Island.
(Trans. Asiatic Soc. Japan, xxiv. SutpL) [1898 ?] 8vo.

En John.) The Gardener’s New Kalendar, ege NE
to npe weeks ; the system of Linnsu
is = explained ‘ . and illustrated, etc. "London, 1158.
8vo.

Hirasé, Sakugoró. Études sur la fécondation et l'embryogénie
x Ginkgo biloba. (Journ. Coll. Sc. Tokyo, xii.) Tokyo, 1898.

Hoermann, Georg. Studien über die Protoplasmastrómung bei
en Characeen. Jena, 1898. 8vo

12

Hoffmann, Moritz. Flore Altdorffine delicie hortenses sive
catalogus plantarum Horti Medici. Altdorffii, 1660. 4to.

Flore Altdorffine deliciz sylvestres sive catalogus plant-
um in agro Altdorffino locisque vicinis sponte nascentium, etc.
Altdorffi. 1662. 4to

Hooker, Sir ee Jackson. Museum of economie botany, or
a popular guide the . . Museum of the Royal Gardens
of Kew. Enden 1858. 8vo.

Ikeno, Seiitsiró. Untersuchungen ueber die Entwicklung der
Geschlechtsorgane und den Vorgang der Befruchtung bei Cycas
revoluta. hic Coll. Sc. Tokyo, vii.) Tokyo, 1898. 4to.

India am. Agricultural onen Bulletin, n. 1, 2, 5.
Shillong T 1896, 1898. 8vo

- Bengal. Department of Land Records and Agriculture.
Bulletin, n. 1, 3, 4. Caleutta, 1896-98. 8vo.

Jackson, Edith. Annals of Ealing from the twelfth century to
the present time. With introductory preface by W. E. OLIVER,
Viear of Ealing. London, 1898. 4to.

Joly, J. See Dixon, H. H., & J. J.

Jumelle, Henri. Les plantes à caoutchouc et à gutta dans les
Colonies françaises. Paris, 1898. 8vo

ung, H. R., & Schroeder, W. Das Heidelberger Schloss und
seine Gärten i in alter und neuer Zeit. Berlin, 1898. 8vo.

Kew. Museum [Guide], 1858. See Hooker, Sir W. J.

Kosutany, rege Untersuchungen über die Entstehung des
Pflanzen weisses. ath. u. Naturwiss. Ber. aus Ungarn, xiv.)
Berlin and Bere 1898. 8vo

Lawes, Sir J ee s ipee Upon some propane of soils, kieg
have grown a c for many years in successio
(Agric. Stud. Gas: 1895). (Cirencester, 1895.) 8vo.

Lawes, Sir John Bennet, & Sir Joseph Henry Gilbert. The
sources of the nitrogen of our leguminous E ourn. Agric.
Soc. Engl, Ser. 3, ii.) London, 1892. 8vo

—— Allotments and small zes (Journ. Agric. Soc.
Engl., Sor. 2 3, iii.) London, 1892. 8vo

— — ——- Home produce, are consumption, and price of
whea 1859-3 to 1891-2. (Journ. Agric. Soc. Engl.,
Ser. 3. iv) London, 1893. 8vo.

Rotation of crops. (Journ. Agric. Soe, Engl.
Ser. 3, 3, v) 1 London, 1894. 8vo.

13

Lawes, Sir John Bennet, & Sir Joseph Henry Gilbert. The
feeding of animals for the production of meat, milk, and
no etc. (Journ. Agric. Soc. Engl, Ser. 3, vi.) London,

. 8vo.

—— —— The depression of corn prices and the d d
wheat in some of the chief rz pes countries, ete. (Int
Agric. Congress, Budapest, 1896, and Journ. Agric. Soc. Eng d
Ser. 3, vii.) London, 1897. 8vo

—— ——— The Royal Commission on agricultural depression
and the valuation of unexhausted manures. (Journ. Agric. Soc.,
Engl., Ser. 3, London, 1898. 8vo.

en e growth of sugar beet and the manufacture of
sugar in United Kingdom. (Journ. Agric. Soc. Engl.,
Ser. 3, ix.) London, 1898. 8vo.

— The valuation of the manures obtained by the
consumption of foods for the production of milk. (Journ. Agric.
Soc. Eng., Ser. 3, ix.) London, 1898. 8vo.

€

fes wheat supply. (The Times, Dec. 2,
1898.) London. 1898.

Lee, James. Rules for collecting and preserving seeds from
Botany Bay. fol.

Legré, Ludovic. La Botanique en Provence au xvie Siècle.
Pierre Pena et Mathias de Lobel. Marseille, 1899 [1898]. svo.

: Levier, Emile. Le cas du Docteur Otto Kuntze. Florence, 1898.
vo.

Lindley, John. Library. See London. Royal Horticultural
Society. § 3.

Lisboa, José Camillo. List of Bombay grasses and their uses.
Bombay, 1896. 8vo

Li Shi chen, otherwise Tung pi, and Pin hu. Pen ts’ao Kang mu.
[In 52 parts, and 4 of appendix, in 3 cases.] [1658 ?] Svo.

Lloyd, Curtis Gates. A Free of the Volvz of the United
States, Cincinnati, 1898. 8vo

— an Notes. Cincinnati, 1898. vo. e

—— Fourth report on the Lloyd Mycological Museum. [Cin-
cinnati, 1898 ?] àv vo.

Lowe, John. The Yew-trees of Great Britain and Ireland.
London, 1897. 8vo.

. McAlpine, D. Additions to the Fungi on the vine in Australia.
(Assisted by GERALD H. ROBINSON.) Melbourne [1898?]. 8vo.

5323 B

74
Macauley, Mary E. See Beckwith, F.

Maiden, Joseph Henry. A manual of the Grasses of New South
Wales. Sydney, 1898. 8vo.

Manchester. Botanic Garden. (With illustration of the
entrance.) (The Mirror, 1832.) $8vo.

Merula, Re E Begins. GEORGIUS Alexandrinus Petro
PRIOLO. M. filio [Marci CATONIS, Marci Terentii VARRONIS,
Lutii Junii Moderati COLUMELLA, erue Rutilii Taurii
Aemiliani, de re rustica opera. Colophon. Impressa Regii opera
et impensis Bartholomei BRUSCHI Hire BoTONI [vel Bottoni
al. Brusci] regiensis, 1482 nonis Junii. Ends with one page,
Registrum]. fol.

Opera Agricolationum : COLUMELLAE: VARRONIS :
CATONISQ : necnon PALLADII: cum exscriptionibus and com-
métariis. D. Philippi BEROALDI ; Verso of title begins. Georgius
ALEXANDRINUS Petro PRIOLO. M. filio Veneto. S. [cum Beroaldi
epistola. Colophon. Impressa Regii impésis DIOYSIl BERTOCHI
Regien. Imp. ante divo Hercule Este. 1496. 14 Kalen. Octobris.
Registrum on verso; D. VGERII pontremulensis legum scholastici
ad lectorum carmen ; and printer’s monogram.) fol.

Meschinelli, Luigi (latinized Be Contributo alla —€—
fossile. Su alcun i funghi terziarii del Piemonte. ti R. Ist
Veneto di Bojana. Ser. VIL, Tome ix.) Venezia, 1898. 8vo.

—— Fungorum fossilium omnium hueusque cognitorum icono-
graphia. Vol. i. Vicetis, 1898. 4to.

—— Monografia del genere Acicularia d’Archiac. (Atti R.
Ist. Ve Veneto di Scienze. Ser. VIL, Tome ix.) Venezia, 1898. 8vo.

Micheli, Mare. L'exposition quinquennale de Gand. Bull. Soc.
d’Hort. Genève, Mai, 1898. Suppl.) Genève, 1898. Svo.

Montrouzier, Xavier. See Beauvisage, G. E. C.

Moore, David, & Alexander Goodman More. Contributions towards
a Cybele Hibernica. Ed. 2, founded on the papers of the late
A. G. MORE, by NATHANIEL COLGAN and REGINALD W. SCULLY.
Dublin, 1898. 8vo

Moore, Thomas. A popular history of the British Ferns and the
allied plants, London, 1851. Svo.

—— British wild flowers. London, 1867. 8vo.

More, A. G. See Moore, D., & A. G. M.

Mott, F. T. Two papers on the origin of organie color. (Science,
1893.) Leicester, 1898. 8vo.

Newhall, Charles S. The Shrubs of Northeastern America.
New York, 1893. 8vo.

3323 B2

75
Niedenzu, Franz. Index lectionum in lyceo regio hosiano
brunsbergensi . . anni 1898 instituendarum. Precidit
dissert. De genere Bunchosia. Brunsbergæ, 1898. 4to.

Obach, Eugene Frederick Spree Cantor lectures on gutta
percha. London, 1898. 8vo

Oskamp, Dietrich Leonhard. Afbeeldingen der Artseny-Gewassen,
etc. Verfolg. Eerste Deel (by ADOLPHUS YPEY). jpg cpu
1813. 8vo.

Palladius, R. T. A. See Merula, G.

Pax,F. See Engler, A., & O. Drude. 1898.

Peradeniya. Botanic Gardens. See Willis, J. C.

Petermann, Wilhelm Ludwig. Deutschlands Flora. Leipzig,
1849. 4to.

2 Pharmacopeia. British Pharmacopeia, ete. London, 1898.
vo.

Plants. Religious Tract Society. (s.l e.a.) l2mo.

Prodromus flore batave. Vol. ii, pars 2. Ed. 2. Nijmegen;
898. Svo.

Reid, Clement. Memorandum respecting the survey of some
recent deposits. [With introductory note by SIR A. GEIKIE].
(London, 1898). 8vo.

Richter, Karl. Plante Europe». Emendavit eere gi M.
Guerke. Tomus ii. Fasc. 1. Leipzig, 1897.

Rigler, Gustav von. Die ——. und nun.
Eigenschaften des Donauwassers. (Math. u. Naturwiss. Ber. a
Ungarn, xiv.). Berlin and Budapest, 1898. 8vo

Risquez, Francisco A. Farmacopwa Venezolana. Caracas, 1898.
8vo.

Robinson, Gerald H. See McAlpine, D.

Robinson, William. The English flower garden. Ed. 6.
London, 1898. 8vo.

Rochester, Report of the Board of Park Commissioners of the
city of Rochester, N. Y. 1888-98. [Rochester, 1898]. 8vo.

Rodrigues, João Barbosa. Plante mattogrossenses ou relacäo de
plantas novas, etc. Rio de Janeiro, 1898. 4to.

—— Plantas novas cultivados no Jardim botanico do Rio de
Janeiro. vi. Rio de Janeiro, 1898. 4to.

76

Rothamsted. The Rothamsted experiments. Plans and sum-
nov mne = eS reference in the fields. 1896-98.
(London), 1896-98. 8vo.

— Rothamsted experiments. Manures and manuring. Extr.

8vo

Rusby, Henry Hurd. A comparison of the English and German
works on the genera of plants, with special reference to the
United States Pharmacopeia. [Baltimore ? 1898]. 8vo.

Sadebeck, Richard. Die Kulturgewüchse der deutschen Kolonien
und ihre Erzeugnisse. Jena, 1899 [1898]. 8vo.

Saunders, William. Possibilities of agriculture in the Yukon
district. (Dep. Agric. Ottawa). [Ottawa, 1898]. vo.

—— Horticulture in Canada. Boston, 1898. 8vo.

Schiffner, Vietor. Conspectus Hepaticarum Archipelagi Indici.
Batavia, 1898. 8vo.

Schimper, A. F. Wilhelm. rcm auf physiolo-
gischer Grundlage. Jena, 1898. 8vo

Schinz, Hans. Der botanische Garten und das botanische
Museum der Universitit Zürich im Jahre 1897. Zürich, 1898.
8vo

—— Mitteilungen aus dem botanischen Museum der Universitát
ürich. Herausg. von H. S. v.-vii. (Bull l'Herb. Boiss. vi,
denies, 1898. 8vo.
—— See Durand, T., & H. S.
Schlotterbeck, Julius Otto. Beiträge zur mec hen Spas
pharmakognostisch wichtiger Samen. Bern, 1896. 8vo

Schunck, Edward. Alkoholische Gährung ohne Hefezellen. (Ber.
deutsch. Chem. Gesellsch. xxxi.) Berlin, 1898. 8vo.

Schwendener, Simon. Gesammelte botanische Mittheilungen.
Berlin, 1898. 2 vols. 8vo.

Scully, R. W. See Moore, D. Cybele Hibernica. Ed. 2.

Seward, Albert Charles. On Zncephalartos Ghellinckit, Lem.,
à rare Cycad. (Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. ix.) [Cambridge, 1897.]

Shannon, W. C. See Smith, J. Donnell. 1898.

Smith, Erwin F. Wakker’s Hyacinth Bacterium. (Proc. Amer.
Assoc. Adv. Sc. xlvi. ) 1897. 8vo.

17

Smith, Erwin F. Botany at the anniversary meeting of the
American Association for the Advancement of Science. (Science,
N.S. Vol. viii.) [Washington, 1898]. 4to.

— Notes on the Michigan disease known as “ Little Peach.”
(* Fennville Herald," Oct. 15, 1898.) Fennville, 1898. 8vo.

— Potato as a culture medium with some notes on a synthe-
sized : substitute. Some little-used culture media which have
proved valuable for differentiation of species, Notes on Stewart’s
sweet-corn germ, Pseudomonas Stewarti, n. sp. (Proc. Amer.
Assoc. Adv. Sc. xlvii.) [1898]. 8vo

——— Some bacterial diseases of truck crops. (Trans. Peninsula
Hort. Soc., 1898.) (1898). 8vo.

——— The spread of plant diseases. Boston, 1898. Svo.

Smith, J ed Donnell. An enumeration of the plants collected in
Central Am ca by Dr. W. C. Shannon. (Intercontinental Rail-
bes Gon maio, Vol. i, Pt. 2.» App. 3.. Washington, 1898.
to.

Somerville, Alexander. County and Vice-County Divisions of
the British Isles. (For Biological purposes.) [Glasgow, 1898.]
fol.

Somerville, William. Eradication of charlock in corn crops.
(Technical Education in Northu abes Cireular €.) [New-

castle-upon-Tyne, 1898.] 8vo.

Stubbs, William C. Sugar Cane. Vol.i. The History, Botany
and Agriculture of Sugar Cane. - [Baton Rouge, 1897.] vo.

Suksdorf, Wilhelm N. Flora washingtonensis. A catalogue of
the Phenogamia, etc., of the State of Washington. (White
Salmon ?, 1892.)

Tonduz, x Informe sobre la Enfermedad del Cafeto. San
José, 1893.

Trail,J. W. H. See White, F. B. W.

Tschernich, Franz. Deutscher Volksnamen der Pflanzen aus
dem Nórdlichen Bóhmen. (Jahresber. K. K. Akad. Gymnas.
Wien, 1896-97.) Wien, 1897. 8vo

Turner, Frederick. Brentford : Literary and historical sketches.
London, 1898. 8vo

Tusser, Thomas. Five hundred points of good husbandry.
London, 1672. 4to.

United States. Department of Agriculture. Division of Bio-
logical Survey. Bulletin, n. 9-11. Washington, 1898. 8vo.

18

United States. Department of Agriculture. Div. Entomology.
hr of . . . American Economic Entomolo ; e
by S ÉRNSHAW. Parts Iv.-v. Continued by N. BANKS. Part VI.
Washington, 1895-98. 8vo.

port of the Secretary of Agriculture, 1898.
Washington, 1898” 8vo.

Urban, Ignatz. Symbole Antillane seu Fundamenta Flore
Indiz Occidentalis. i. Fasc. 1. Berolini, ete., 1898. 8vo.

Varro, M. T. See Merula, G.
Velenovsky, Sene. Flora bulgarica, ete. Supplementum 1.
Prag, 1898.

Warington, Robert. On the distribution of the nitrifying
gren in the soil. (Journ. Chem. Soc. li. London, 1887.
vo.

— The amount = ae acid in the rain-water at Rothamsted,
etc. (Journ. Chem. Soc. lv.) London, 1889. 8vo.

—— On Nitrification. Part I [A report of experiments
made in the Rothamsted ae | (Journ. Chem. Soc. lix.)
[London, 1891.] 8vo.

White, Francis Buchanan White. Flora of Perthshire, edited,
with an introduction and life of the author, by J. W. H. TRAIL
Edinburgh, 1898. 8vo.

Whymper, Edward. How to use the aneroid barometer.
London, 1891. 8vo

Williams, Frederie Newton. Provisional and tentative list :
the Orders and Families of British Flowering Plants. 2nd Editio
[ Brentford, 1898.]

Willis, John Christopher. Official hand-guide to the Royal
Botanic Gardens, Peradeniya. Ed. 5. Colombo, 1898. 8vo.

Ypey, A. See Oskamp, D. L.

$ 3.—PERIODICALS.
Including the Publications of Societies.

Ames, Iowa. Iowa Agricultural S Experiment Station.
Bulletin, 34, 36. Ames, Iowa, 1897. 8vo

Bulletin agricole de la Martinique, pos sous le patronage du
1398]. consultatif du Jardin Botanique, n. 1-2. Saint-Pierre
8vo

79

London. The London Botanical er Club. Reports,
1896-97. London er e 1898. 8vo

Royal Geographical Society. Year-Book and Record,
1898. Lol endi 8vo.

—— Royal Horticultural ees Catalogue of the Lindley
Library. London, 1898. 8vo

Madison, Wis. Tenth annual report of the Wis eda
Experiment Station of the University of Wisconsin. Madis
94.

Michigan. Michigan State Agricultural College Experiment
Station. Botanical Department. Bulletin, n. 1-4. [Lansing ?],
1897-98. 8vo

Mittheilungen über Düngungsversuche. n. 10. Gemüse, n. 1.
[Leopoldshall-Stassfurt, 1898.] 4to.

New York New York Agricultural por Station.
Bulletin, n. 136-144. Geneva, N.Y., 1897-98. 8vo

Siena. Bulletino del Laboratorio [ed Orto] Botanico della

R. Università di Siena redatto dal FL. TAssr. Annol. Fasc. 1-3.
Siena, 1897—98.

Tökyö. Journal of the College of Science, Tokyo. Vol. xii..
Part 2 (1898), see Hirase, S. ; Part 3., see Ikeno, 8.

onto. University of Toronto studies. Biological Series
cm by R. RAMSAY WRIGHT. N.1. Toronto, 1898. 8vo.

$ 4.—MANUSCRIPTS.

á Baker, John Gilbert. Catalogue of Madagascar plants. 4 vols.
vo.

Hale, J. G. Drawings (coloured) of British Fungi. c. 1789.
sm. fol.

Parish, Charles Samuel Pollock. Drawings (coloured) of
Orchidee (executed chiefly at Moulmein between the years 1856
and 1874). 2 vols. large fol.

Kev. ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW.

BULLETIN

OF

MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.

1900.

LOND
PRINTED FOR HIS XS STATIONERY —Ó——
Nos DARLING & SON, Lr»., 34-40, Bacon STREET,

And to be purchased, either directly or hr Bookseller, from
MAN anp SON 4 Ferrer Lanz, E.C.,
or OLIVER & & BOYD, EDINBURGH ;
ew PONSONBY, 116, 16, Gnarron Samar, "Dosts.

CONTENTS

.Date. Article. Subject. Page.
1900.
I. Botanical Museums in France - - 1
ib Madar (Calotropis gigantea) with plate 8
II. Botanic Garden, Durban - - -| 12
IV. Miscellaneous Notes - - - 1:18
Appendix 1. - — got! of seeds of — herbaceous plants 1
of trees and shrubs,
p ne — New garden plants of the year 1899 - | 37
» UL- _ Catalogue of the Library. Additions | 53
received darin 1899.
&» Me — Botanical Departments at home and in | 83
India and the Colonies.

ROYAL BOTANIC GARDENS, KEW.

SULLEN

MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION,

Nos. 157-168. 1900.

I.—BOTANICAL MUSEUMS IN FRANCE.

During the Autumn of 1897, Mr. J. M. Hillier, Assistant in the
Museums of the Royal Botanic Gardens, was instructed to visit
the principal botanical museums in Belgium and Holland, with the
view of noting deficiences in the Kew Museums and of observing ©
the general arrangements of the collections and the methods
adopted in mounting and preserving museum objects [Kew
Bulletin, April and May, 1898]. Asa result of this visit, many
interesting and valuable products have been obtained and added
to the museums, and useful hints gathered on practical museum
Work. In view of the efforts made by Kew in developing the
natural resources of our W. African possessions, and of French
enterprise in that portion of the African Continent, Mr. Hillier
was further instructed, in July of 1899, to proceed to France, for
the purpose of studying, more particularly, the vegetable products
of French Colonial possessions in a few of the more important
museum collections. The Museum of the French Colonies in
Marseilles, in particular, has afforded much desirable information.
The following report has been furnished by Mr. Hillier.

JARDIN DES PLANTES, ROUEN.

The gardens are situated on the outskirts of the city. The
plants are classified according to the system of A. Brongniart, and
are for the use of the School of Botany, at Rouen. There is no
museum connected with the gardens.

MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY, ROUEN.

, This collection is in a new building, which, at the time of my
visit, was not yet opened to the public, as the specimens were in
1375 Wt 89 3/1906 D&S 29 23698 &

2

course of arrangement. The director, Prof. Pennetier, readily
conducted me through the museum. The botanical section is not
a feature of the establishment, but the director intends to develop
this branch in course of time. When a King ames the museum will
be very useful and instructive, as it contain ri attractive
exhibits. Amongst the botanical specimens I to find
anything to call for special mention in sedition with the
Museums of the Royal Botanfe Gardens. Adjoining this museum,
but distinct from it, is an ancient building, in use as a Museum
of Archeology.

COMMERCIAL MUSEUM, ROUEN.

This museum consists of a very erg, collection, which
must be of great value to the commerce of the City of Rouen.
Fibres, fabrics, together with French abd Algerian pend Sp form
the bulk of the specimens. Cotton is particularly well repre-
sented, a retrospective series of printed fabrics of this Eu
together with some beautiful printing blocks in wood a l
eing of special interest. English, Canadian, and er cotton
materials, and Engli sh lace, as imported into Mexico, Cochin

n

illustrating the Rhea industry, and various materials employed
for brush-making, are also to be seen. Tan addition to the above i8
alarge number of portfolios filled with patterns of iei fabries,
and there is also a small library attached to the muse

JARDIN DES PLANTES, PARIS,

The botanical section of the Museum of Natural History in
these gardens is scientific rug than economic. The collection,
reet chiefly of fruits arranged under their respective

ae benii in lofty orale and table cases, is employed for

ing purposes. Several special cases contain good models
illustrating the life history of the cocoa-nut and coco-de-mer
(Lodoicea sechellarum, Lab.), and also models of the “ Cambare
of Java (Amorphophallus campanulatus, Bl.) and a model of the
upper portion of e stem of Cycas circinalis, L., bearing a cone
and leaves. There are also other interesting models, of dps
workmanship, s for special mention, such, for instance, as
ihe large series of gourds an füng i, four special cases being
utilised for the display of the latter, many of the illustrations

ing in section. Another group - models well displayed an
admirable for teaching g purposes consists of a considerable col-
lection of exotic fruits together with the foliage, the work of
M. de Rob illard "d'Argenielle, prepared in Bourbon between the
years 1802 and 1826, the majority of them being in excellent
preservation. Many paintings of economie plants are
along the tops of the cases.
Pis extensive paleontological series of — is arranged
separate cases in the bays of the Museum. The entrance hall

to the collections contains trunks of tree ferns, pass &es and a

3

fine gnarled base of the stem of Corylus Colurna, L., the wood
of which is used for turning fancy articles and = cabinet work.
Notes were taken of various specimens required for Kew, an
also of a method of mounting specimens Pris iN different
from that followed at Kew.
her part of the gardens in an old and somewhat
dilapidated building is a large and varied collection of economic
specimens which formed part of the old Natural History Museum
of Paris. This collection contains many products of considerable
age and interest, having been collected during the reign of
Lois ec
. Cornu and M. Bureau afforded me every facility for studying
the olleutiuns under their charge, with the result that I was
enabled to take notes of many very Pee: products
M. Cornu informed me that it is intended to erect as soon
possible a building to receive this eollestion: which will be Kept
distinct from the arranged museum of the gardens. In con-
sideration of the importance of the trade in so-called African
mahogany, it may be well to record ihe fact that M. Cornu has at
the present eei under cultivation in the gardens plants of the
bon mahogany of commerce, = so far he has been enabled
to identify map a oe of Burse

L'ÉCOLE SUPÉRIEURE DE PHARMACIE, PARIS.

In _— to suggesting that I should visit this institution,
M. Cornu very kindly accompanied me n i: after per-
sonally | faked ding me and explaining my mi o M. Plan-
chon, the Ra assisted me with details of genita bearing
upon the collectio

e Museum consist of several large and separate ae ne
of den ugs. One series is arranged according to the classificatio
of Durand, prs individual specimen bearing a number w. ich
corresponds to the Herbarium collection. Another collection is
arranged geographically, and a further collection consists of
specimens classified according to the qr of the plants employed
under the heads of stems, bark, roo

The original collection made by Guibourt is preserved in the
Museum. The specimens in the upright cases are for the most
part contained in gat eet jars, very few being in fluid; those
in the table cases are placed in glass trays on stands, affo rding
every facility for eee examination by the students. M. Planchon
explained the arrangement t of the Museum, and readily gave me
permission to examine the collections. Many of the specimens
are unique and of historical interest, and, generally speaking, the

useum afforded much valuable information, Under the above-
described system of arrange ement, the Museum contain n
Specimens in duplicate, which Bed pg altogether advisable in a
limited space, but it is only j record the fact that each
Specimen is distinctly labelled i in green order.

JARDIN DES PLANTES, DIJON.
This is a very prett pute and evidently very old. It
tains many social fast ren 4 i d shrubs, and a fairly large gaiis:
tion of economic plants decer according to natural orders.
23698 A 2

A

At the entrance to the garden isa Museum of Natural History
containing niany interesting specimens, but only a few illustra-

nical
order, but does not appear to have been adde1 to for some time.
- Adjoining the museum is a sinall herbarium.

JARDIN BOTANIQUE, LYONS.

This is by far t the most beautiful garden that I visited. It
is situated in the Parc de la Téte-d’Or, which covers 280 acres, and
contains a large collection of economic plants, scientifically
arranged and dintinedy labelled. Many exotic plants are sunk in
pots in the beds, aquatics are grown in shallow cement pans
sunk i e The houses contain many striking and
interesting plants, those of economic value bear cast iron enamelled

labels illustrating their geographical distribution ; examples of
these labels are preserved in the Kew Museu m for refe
A group of plants, consisting chiefly of Cacti, is grow
permanent bed in theopen. It is er in the form of a
tiers, the whole being enclosed in a span-shaped iron frame
covered with wire netting of small Tisch. The Delia is a list
of the larger plants established in the palm house :

Caryota rumphiana, Mart
Caryota excelsa, Hort. ex. H. Wendl.
` Rhopalostylis Baueri, W.&D
Rhopalostylis sapida, "W.&D.
Livistona ge Mar
Livistona australis,
renga manillensis, Wendl,
Cocos Datil, Drude & Griseb.
Acanthophæniz rubra, Wendl.
Astrocaryum rostratum, Hook, f.
Acanthorhiza War enge Wendl.
Gaussia sp amt eghti,
^ rans, Rer-Gawl.
Strelitzia Beste Thb.
Pandanus Candelabr um, Beauv.

There is no museum in the gardens,

PRIVATE COLLECTION OF ECONOMIC BOTANY, LYONS.

It occurred to me that I might obtain some information upon
the bs Sg ae dyes employed in the silk trade at Lyons from
M. Cesa antre, a resident in that city, and an ardent economic
botas. who has eir pit = T times, many valuable
products to the Kew Mus I was surprised to find that,
notwithstanding the rank of fte asa patentee oe e, it does
not possess a museum of any importance. M. Chantre very kindly
furnished me with the list of silk dyes which is "d below, and
also invited me to view his private collections of drugs and other
products. In the course of business, M. vei has recently
resided for a considerable period in the East, and during a six
months sojourn in Shanghai, parihased, in the markets, a splendid :
collection of Chinese ine which he allowed me to go through

5,

5

and take at en he also gave me several specimens for the
Kew Museum

VEGETABLE DYES EMPLOYED IN THE SILK INDUSTRY, LYONS,

Gambier (Uncaria edis idi Roxb.) This is the principal
vegetable dye in

Sumac (Rhus De rd.

Turkey Nut Galls (Quercus lusitanica, var. infectoria,

Chinese Gall ;

Japanes Sails | (Rhus semialata, Murr.).
Safflower (Carthamus stg A L.).

Turmeric (Curcuma lo Js

Orchella Weeds (Roccella ge, Je

Indigo (Indigofera tinctoria, L., and I. Anil, L.).

In addition to the above very large quantities of extract from
Sweet Chestnut bark (Castanea sativa, Mill.) are employed.

BOTANIC GARDEN, MARSEILLES.

This garden is very pleasantly situated in the Borély Park,
on the outskirts of the city, and in close proximity to the sea. It
is approached from the city by fine roads planted with avenues of
Oriental Planes. The classified collection of plants is not very
large, and is for the use of a School of Botany in the garden. A
Chateau lonis by, in a Park proper, is utilised as a museum, the

cimens consisting chiefly of Archeological antiquities and a
few Ethnological erdum but nothing of botanical interest.

COLONIAL MUSEUM, MARSEILLES.

This very important institution is under the control of the

Minister of the Colonies, and is situated in the immediate vicinity

f the Docks. The pro oduets are arranged geogr graphically in wall

and table cases made of oak. Each specimen is very distinctly

labelled with native and scientific names, and, in many instances,

notes on its properties and uses are added. Through the courtesy
irecto :

through the museum, ich I found to be very rich in the
products of the French re I took notes of a large number
9f products unrepresented at Kew, and also gained much M rine
information with regard to the native names an add
to specimens already in the Kew Museums. A oóitéitiol of
Herbarium Specimens is contained in drawers under the table
cases. M. dieses readily agreed to my suggestion to exchange
ea

THE DOCKS, MARSEILLES.

Great activity prevails Siena in the wig ig of the

docks, and the visitor une fail to realize the importance of

illes as a port. Enorm Een of Mey ter are to

be seen everywhere. The followi wing notes refer to those vegetable
products which I was able to BEE

6

It was striking to observe the quantities of copra Cocos
— ma in heaps and sacks, shipped chiefly trom Singapore
mbique. This port is the centre of the ground nut

vem. ge a ais I visited two large sheds con-
nn enormous heaps of ground nuts in the husk. Workmen
were engaged in sifting and weighing this product into small bags.
The Hote are from three to four feet in diameter, suspended

oil cake, square and circular in shape, which I found, upon
enquiry, to be the residue of the ground nut after the extraction
of the oil. I also noticed on several occasions oil cake of various
pes and colour being carted to the docks for export. In
er riet to copra and ground = were other oil seeds, including
rape, mustard, linseed, and castor oil. Many miscellaneous pro-
ducts may be added to the list, si as rice in sacks, wheat which
was being unshipped from Bom mbay, liquorice root in oblong
cumbersome bales wrapped i atting made of Tilia bast, large
casks of olive oil from Tunis, Bilas of cotton, sandalw ood. chips
in sacks, long cese packages of Chinese matting, bales o
Chinese coir, crin vegetal (green and black), bales of jute, esparto,
and orchella weed, aka latter packed in matting of palm leaf,
peel held together with bands of iron hooping. I also observed
one occasion what appeared to be teazled esparto being

lhere were ME of castor oil, Backs of peas (Pisum
sativum, L.), bags of bine root for the manufacture of tobacco
pipes, a and very neatly and closely ES bales of liquorice
root and bales of virgin cork awaiting expor
arge quantities of timber stacked in she is similar to those of
the London Docks, but with less care and unifo were also
noted. I was enabled to identify with a fair amount of certainty
the following :—Fine butts and burrs of walnut from Batoum
and ea a scab of various ee ed chiefly
boxwood in 6, 7, and 8 feet lengths and about
10 inches in "acr from Batou m, Macassar, and Mozambique,

m D
. omp, of the Jardin des Plantes, Faris, is derived from a
species of Bursera, planks apparently of a coniferous wood
| “Saigon usine,” a light-coloured wood shipped from
Hull which I took to be ash, and very large quantities of oak
staves for casks, = addition to - set I noticed on
eals

whole trunks of a a pine of about 1 foot in dinde whi
probably pit props used in mining.
MISCELLANEOUS NOTES,
In Paris, Lyons, and Meme a : e the pods of

Arachis hypogea, L., are commonly hawked about the streets
under the name of Pistacios. Pistachio Nut is the common

7

name for the fruit er Pistacia vera, L., a small tree of Western
Asia in the Levan

I any instances, at Lyons and Marseilles, I observed semi-
vinis tubs at the entrance to grocers rs Shops, containing ripe
Olives (black) preserved in oil, and the green unripe fruits pickled
in brine. I also noticed, in one instance, at Lyons, roasted Barley
exposed for sale, which, upon enquiry, I was given to understan
is employed by the poorer classes as a substitute = coffe x vo
mixing with it. It may be of interest to record some of the
to which Esparto (Stipa tenacissima, L.) is put, pértisubiri yl in "the
neighbourhood of Marseilles.

Strong, serviceable baskets of this material are very generally
used on the quays for unloading charcoal, coal, and other sub-
stances, iiie baskets are also employed on bu Ulins for hoisting
stone, bricks, &c., they are also carried by street scavengers for
clearing up rubbish with the "eee of : ee broom formed

tou

“stan for mooring vessels to the quays. Peaches and ari
were very cheap, and in one instance, at Marseilles, I saw a fine
basket of ripe Mangoes exposed for sale ; they were stated to come
from Ceylon
In the pena markets at Marseilles plants and cut flowers were
in great variety, pot plants from Mignonette to Tree Ferns and
Cycads could be obtained at a very seep rate. In one of the
open markets in this city Garlic (all roped) was in = em abundance,
and it was quite a common occurrence to m an individual
coming from the market with a rope or two of ( Garlic thrown over
the shoulder, carrying a beau zer — bushy plant of Sweet
Basil pinna Sea. L.) und erh arm. This plant >
aromatic properties, and is in Korida as a flavouring agen
and also for dubie purposes, and diy be bought for wan
2] pence.
or quantities of og Tilia tlowers, in baskets and sacks,
were exposed for sale in the markets and shops, an infusion
of them is bu sit drank as an antiperiodic after meals.
Tilia euro, L., T. argentea, Desf., and T. peduncularis,
Delile, are indiscriminately used for this purpose. I also noticed
that Walnut leaves (Juglans "en L.) were in quantity. An
infusion of them is employed asa popular remedy for scrofula.
Among other vegetable products ated bise Mallow plants and
flowers. These ha ve mucilaginous properties, and are used as
pot-herbs, and, in medicine, as Pe. ents. ' Fruiting spikes of
a Plantago were also in abundan The seeds are extremely
mucilaginous and are valued for their demulcent properties.
petals and Orange leaves are also to be found in the markets, the
latter are employed medicinally in infusion, or as a distillate, as a
substitute for Orange flowers
On several occasions I notic ed, in Marseilles, women plaiting
Esparto into bands about 3 inches wide. It is evidently used in
is form for making baskets. I also observed a large quantity
of à these bands in one of the Dock warehouses of the city.

J. M. HILLIER.

IL.—MADAR.
(Calotropis gigantea, R. Br.)
With Plate.

Calotropis gigantea and C. procera are easily distinguished
though, from a practical point of view, their properties are

Kew, and are figured in the Botanical Magazine for 1886 (tt. 6862
and 6859). The former figure is reproduced to illustrate this
article.

C. gigantea is a much larger coarser plant than C. procera.
Both are widely spread in India. But outside it their distribution,
as Sir Joseph Hooker points out, is contrasted. (C. gigantea

It is an erect spreading perennial bush which chiefly frequents

pana arca. Roxburgh placed it in the genus Asclepias, and

demigods of Rudra. The ancient Arabs also appear to have had
superstitious beliefs regarding it, since they associated it with
sun-worship. Itis the ushar of the Arabs and the khark of the

ersians, but the former seems to be a generic word for milk-
yielding plants, and was probably restricted to Calotropis at a
comparatively late date. Abu Hanifeh was perhaps the first Arab
writer to give an explicit account of it, but much useful informa-
tion will be found in the writings of Ebn Baithar (Transl. by

3).

This plant may be said to yield GUTTA-PERCHA from the
milky sap; a strong FIBRE from the bark; a useful FLOSS
from the seeds; anda MEDICINE from the root-bark. Space
cannot, however, be afforded to do more than review even these
properties very briefly, and there are many minor ones. *

9

THE GUTTA-PERCHA.

The inspissated and sun-dried sap (milk) drawn from the stems
constitutes the madar gutta often mentioned by writers on India.
It is, in fact, the most hopeful of the many gutta-yielding plants
that do not belong to Sapotacee, ee MM ily which affords the true
gutta-percha of commerce. There are large tracts of the sandy
deserts of Rajputana and Central Ses as also of Sind, in pera
this plant is not only the most prevalent but almost the only form
of vegetation met with. In many instances also it has been
observed to be the pioneer in the reclamation of sterile tracts.

collectively of the products of this plant, much good might result
to India. Its production could be fostered, and by selection and
cultivation the quality and quantity of the produce Nasce
until the plant assumed the condition of a regular crop for poo
soils. But unless some method could be designed for extracting
the milk from shoots cut on ent of their fibre, it is feare
that it would not pay to tap this plant specially for its gutta.
The stems and twigs are too small, and the yield from each too
little, to justify the opinion that methodic tapping would prove
remunerative as an industry by itself. Moreover, it has been
found by chemical experiments that un gutta, being a
fairly good en of electricity, is not suited for te)
purposes, and is thus very possibly sen: from one of the
most profitable Deka for this class of product.

BARK FIBRE.

- The bast fibre has attracted considerable attention and been
spoken of as one = the best of Indian fibres. The great diffi-
culty appears to consist in the inability to separate it a, and
cheaply. Unfortunately the fibre cannot be prepared by retting
the stems, since it is reported to rot when so treated, and yet the
cleaned fibre when made into fishing lines ind nets (as is the case
in Karachi) seems quite durable and Mu re u po A when
used in sea-water. Mr. Liotard, after many experiments per-
formed in Caleutta with Bine machinery generally,
arrived at the unfortunate conclusion that the hopes formerly
entertained by himself and others regarding this particular fibre
were never likely to be realised :—1si, because of the small
percentage of fibre (1°56) to weight of stems, and 2nd, the
shortness of the ultimate fibre. But in recent experiments con-
ducted at the Imperial Institute with a sample procured from
Madras, Professor Wyndham R. Dunstan found that the staple
measured full lly 12 inches (Agri. Ledger No. 2 of 1899, p. 8).
en er Dodge (Useful Fibre Plants of the World, 108)
re of ground ıplanted 4 by 4 des with this plant
will yield 10 ne of green stems and 582 lbs. of fibre; this
would mean a yield of roughly 2*6 per cent. He then adds that
the fibre possesses many of the qualities of flax, though somewhat
finer. Its ne tenacity; lustre, and softness in fact fit it for
many industrial purposes. Cross and Bevan found that when
nitrated it a hardly be distinguished from silk, and long
years ago T showed that a rope of this fibre broke with a

10

weight of 407 lbs., when a similar rope of cotton gave way with
à dip en coir with 224 lbs. Iti is, however, quite incorrect to
s ha n done by Wiesner (Rohst. anz. Reh. II.
37 et Dodev and others, e this fibre is widely used in India.
Although prepared to a small extent by certain persons for very
A ecial eri ge the greatest possible difficulty was experienced
n procuring the few pounds en by the Imperial Institute
für the Erreicht just mention
Mr. G. W. Strettell (New cin. of Revenue to India) advocates
the value of this plant as a paper material. It may thus be
Loin concluded that, were it stent possible to utilize the gutta
an additional source of revenue, the fibre, either for textile
pirposes or paper-making, might, in apts of all that has been said
to the contrary, prove worthy of special consideration. (Zhe
Agri. Ledger No. 2 of 1899).

FLOSS.
The coma of hairs or floss from the seeds constitutes one of the
so-called vegetable silks or silk-cottons. This was chemically

examined by Mr. Cross (see The Agri . Ledger No. 17 of 1897, p.

fibre to be blown away. “Tt is, eg, a Soft, very white floss,
wu s a beautiful silky gloss, has been repeatedly spun xp
ea ge Aa and the textile produced much admired.
Re a sample of the floss submitted to him i the
dem Institute, i in 1897, Mr. C. E. Collyer observed that some
years previously the floss had been in gens d for fancy textile
purposes, but that it had dropped out of use owing to the diffi-
culties arising from variation in the quality of the parcels sent and
the intermitteney of the supply when requirements arose. He
thought that the Er might be revived if a moderate but con-
aran i i

but the floss left in its natural condition, unopened and discoloured
portions removed. N otwithstanding all this, no progress has been
made in the utilization of the fibre. In India it is largely
employed for stuffing quilts, its lightness being of great advantage,
and in upholstery it holds a recognised position, since pillows and
cushions stuffed with it are held to be very cool and refreshing.
: is rar di to some extent, regularly spun and made into fishing
ines an

Such tig isall that can be said of the utilization of this floss
at the present day. But there would appear to be little doubt that
a few centuries ago this fibre was regularly spun and woven into
some of the most beautiful textiles for which India was then
fam a uman labour was of much less value than at the present
time. Modern advances, coupled with the import of cheap Euro-
pean gi ‚seem to have destroyed the old industry. It would
appear fairy certain that the madar floss was the “ grass,” the
“cloth of herbes," * herba," &c., of early European travellers and

11

traders in Bengal, more especially Orissa. Further, that the traffic
hey allude to gave to the English language the expression
* Grass-cloth," which later on became associated with a textile
derived from China. Thus Cesar Frederike (1563-7) speaks of
“ Cloth of herbes,’—“a kind of silke which groweth amongst the
woodes without any labour of man. And when the bole thereof
is growen round as bigge as an orenge, then they take care onely
to gather them." Rhea never could have been found e: * wild
plant in Orissa, and the allusion to the “bole” or fruit, from
which the fibre was obtained, precludes rhea from secre sitom
altogether. The passage most unquestionably denotes Calotropis
gigantea. This view is confirmed by Fitch (1585) who gave an
account of his explorations of the eee including Orissa (Orixa
as he calls it) where there was “great store of | the cloth which is
made from the Grasse which they nias That v ernacular

er ds oy ihi. to Linschoten, under Rehmeria nivea,
because all modern writers, whom I have been able to consult,
quote the above passages, ed several itio to the same effect
under Rhea, in place of Calotropis, to which they most un-
doubtedly belong. Coming to more deer dates, Capt. A. Hamilton

( of

New Account of E. Indis, pub. 4) who, in 1627, visited
Bengal, and passed up the utr to Benares and tna,
describes Bala as produc ing manufactures of eme silk,

Sore

mixed silk and cotton, and of * herba (a sort of toug
of which they make gighams, pinaseos, and several other goods for
exportation. ” Even so late as md Milburn mentions, among his
Bengal piece goods, ** herba toffatie

Though it is certainly most sure that this ancient industry
in silk-cotton textiles should have died out completely, and been
all but forgotten, it is a useful object lesson of the possibilities of
the future, which manufacturers would do well to consider.

MEDICINE.
would take man es to indicate even a tithe of the

the flowers, the E and the root-bark. The late
Dr. Kanny Lall Dey, C.I.E., regarded madar as a useful medicine
when given during remission of intermittent fevers, and especially
if these were associated with eczema. ‘The majority of Indian
medical writers extol the merits er the root-bark in the treatment
of irem ntery. In order to verify these emere the study of
was taken up by the Central Indigenous Drugs Committee
of India. Authentie parcels of the root-bark were procured and
made up in the É of both a powder and liquid extract. These
preparations were issued to a selected number of Hospitals and
Dispensaries ehe India, with the suggestion that they
should be used as alteratives and alterative tonies. By chemical
tests it n previously ascertained that the bark of mature
plants was preferable to that of immature ones, since they con-
tained a higher percentage of the acid and bitter resinous matter
on which the property depended. Asa substitute for ipecac

12

it is not so satisfactory as its reputation would seem to imply. In
fact, in acute-dysentery and chronic diarrhoea, it is found un-

In small doses vs say, 3 to 5 grains of the aan

stimulant, hence the Kar was often expressed that it might,
with advantage be combined with cinchona in the treatment
of certain fevers. Mis an emetic the powder, in doses of 30 to 40
grains, was found very effectual.

GEORGE WATT.

IIIL.-BOTANIC GARDEN, DURBAN.

Under the skilful administration of the Director, Mr. John
Medley Wood, A:L.S., the Botanic Garden , Durban, or, as it was

On the 23th May, 1883, Dr. Sutherland, the Surveyor-General,
addressed to the Natal Government an interesting report on the
history and state of the Garden at the time. This is a historical
document of considerable interest, which it is desirable to repro-
duce "is convenience of reference, as it is apparently not otherwise
accessi

THE SURVEYOR-GENERAL TO COLONIAL SECRETARY.
28th May, 1883.

The Botanie Garden at Durban took its rise from a grant of
50 acres of ground that was made to the Trustees of the Natal
Agricultural and Hortic ultural Society from the town lands of
Durban about 30 years ago. A subsidy of £50 a year was granted
them in aid of the Society out of Colonial revenue. From time
to time that subsidy was increased proportionate to the increase
of the revenue until now it stands at £350. The Society was
established with the view to the promotion of various agriculi tural

industries, and the subsidy was granted with the same object.
At the outset the en (vod considerable support to the
Society, = evinced great interest in the efforts that were el

forth by the Trustees and the anak, The latter opened c
mae with kindred institutions in various British Calnaion
pecially with the Royal Gardens, Kew, Seeds of our

Colonial flora were collected, and live plants in War

were sent in exchange for seeds and plants believed 2 be suitable
for industrial or pedis: purposes. The ann 8
exhibited a large array of exotics under sul saepe some of
which give promise of great SRI and as fast as plants were
suffieiently grown for distribution, they were Pesce up with
avidity and soon took firm hold in apu Colony.

13

Plantains, anaia Pine sumens and fruit trees in great variety
were thus plentifu ally disseminate

as the Cocoa N ut, Mim ‘alinbat complete fai lur
inchona, as represented by various species, "and almost every
known plant. yielding rubber or gutta-pe ar oo been tried

for which even the climate of this Colony may not be a

The Botanie Garden at Durban is on the lower dye ot the
Berea. The lowest portion of the ground is com
sand, impregnated with traces of undecayed mould, derived from
the disintegration of various species of rush, dwarf Cyperus, and

which Durban stands at an average level, above the sea, of about
90 feet, With the ascent of the Berea to the uttermost limits

eg so that only trees of vigorous growth, and far se ing

8, continue to thrive in it, and being very loose, open, and

wah t clay, the effects of manure soon pass off. I make these

observations in extenuation of s little success that has attended

the sirenuous efforts of the various Curators, who were placed in

the Garden under the control of is Trustees. The reports sent in,
w

any i
there were losses owing to the tentative or angie e nature of
the Curator’s work. But these very losses were not out
profit, for the reason that the public were thus prevented ren
away any of their efforts in the same direction.
In the endeavour to show what has been done in South Africa,

ing dich raisti ex a oa years the gro
thes exotics became a prominent feature in the Colony. Every
! had its plantation, which embraced numerons speoies of

14

valuable timber trees of the coniferous order. On Mr. Corduke's
estate, at the Settlement of York, there are many hundreds, if not
thousands, of indigenous and exotic trees yielding valuable
timber.

The exertions, later on, of Messrs. DIPS Blackbarrow, Topham,
Wilkinson, Todd, Risley, Pepworth, Smith, Baynes, Sutton,
Henderson, and many others, in the pae aia of forest plantations,
si resulted in the occupation of tracts of land with forest

wth far in excess of the denudation, or deforestation, of natural
steals caused by the demand for timber for purposes of Colonial
industry. The artificial forests thus created have great advantage
in their greater accessibily than the natural forests, the latter, as
a rule, being on dee, ss mountain slopes, with a West or Sout
Western exposure. The growth, also, of timber in the planted
forests is considerably in excess of that in the natur al. One acre
of land, suitable for the gums or wattles will,in ten years, yield
elose upon two hundred tons of timber. In little more than half
the same period Pinus insignis has been known to attain a
diameter at the butt of fully a foot, and a height of 50 feet.
Gums and Acacias, with a little care at the outset, have been
known to drain most thoroughly swamp land, the only mode
of escape for the lodgment of water c Ens the foliage of the
plantation.

Several professional nurserymen are in full employees near
the City of Pietermaritzburg, at elevations of 2000 to 3000 feet
above the sea level. The tree and plant lists produced by these

s growth. Moreover, the Botanic Society of
Pietermaritzburg, and its grounds near the City, may take rank
in the growth and diffusion of highly useful and ornamental
trees.

With the exception of the experimental efforts applied in the
Gardens at Durban, all that has hitherto been done has been
directly gels as supplying a great Be necessity. No doubt

many will n begin to ramify into rese Roche: when there will
be no little bad of doubt, and, perhaps, loss. Already consider-
able advance has been made in tea plantations, [Introduced from
ew. See Kew Bulletin, 1887, September, p. 12] which have
succeeded in producing a good and marketable article, Acum
standing that our climate does not bear comparison with that
of China or India. That the ee which should be taken
in Botanical Enterprise in this Colony is not what it should be,
for the benefit of Colonists themselves, there is no room for
doubt, but, at the same time, there is proof of some interest in the
operations of the several nurserymen now fairly established in
the Colony, and in the annual reports of the Botanic Societies of
Durban and Pieterm aritzburg, of the Horticultural Society of
Pietermaritzburg, and of various Agricultural Societies throughout
the Colony, all of which are liberally subsidised by grants from
the Colonial exon Ms and maintained by the contributions of
individual members. No small share of interest has bsen shown
in Botanical een in the enactment of rigorous — and the
une of Proclamations from time to time, when there danger
of the introduction of diseases, by means of imported ecd which
might severely affect the prospects of the planters, |

15

When doubts arose touching the safety of imported plants, and
their immunity from disease, steps were immediately taken for
the protection of the NM even if they involved the destruction
of the plants in ques

The interest of the Gorani has further been evinced by the
appointment of a Commission to enquire into the condition of the
natural forests. The Report of that Commission has, for some
time, been under the consideration of the Legislature, with the
view, probably, to the creation of a Department of Forestr try.

(Signed) P, ΠSUTHERLAND,
- Surveyor General.

IV.—MISCELLANEOUS NOTES.

Visitors during 1899.—The number of persons who visited the
Royal Botanie Gardens during the year 1899 was 1 dp that
for 1898 was 1,277,215. The average for 1889-98 w.

The total number on gei was 503,08), and on n soit dio
694476. The maximum number on any one day was 59,561 on
August 1, and the pes "50 on December 5.

'The detailed monthly returns are given below :—
January... (s is sv m FE Yd

ER wae idis ... 21,020
j'ai in We i Ts sio 48,789
April 3 116,405
May... y 153,327
June pi 192,941
July E 208,880
August .. 264,115
September .. 111,633
October . 33,413
November ... 19,317
December ... 10,288

recommendation of Kew, by the Secretary of State for "Foreign
Affairs, Forester in the British Central Africa Protectorate.

Mr. STANLEY ARDEN, a member of the gardening staff of the
Royal Botanie Gardens, has been appointed, on the recommenda-
tion of Kew, by the Secretary of State for the Colonies,
Superintendent of Experimental Plantations in the Federa
Malay States,

16

r. ISAAC HENRY BURKILL, M.A., F.L.S., a Principal cuna.
in the Royal Botanic Gardens, has been appointed, on the recom-
mendation of Kew, by the Secretary of State for India in er
Assistant Reporter on Economic Products to the Government of
India

ADRIEN RENÉ FRANCHET.— By the sudden death of this
botanist on February 14, 1900, France has lost her most eminent
and most esser umi phytographer, and the students of the
botany of Easte n Asia, more especially, one of the most amiable
and the most hososmble o ellow-workers. A. R. Franchet was
in his sixty-sixth year, an nd 4 the last twenty-five years of. his life
were principally devoted to the study of the flora of China and
Japan, beginning with the Enumeratio Plantarum in Japonia
sponte Crescentium (1875-9), which he compiled in conjunction
with Dr. L. Savatier, who resided in Japan for some years. One
of the merits of the Enumeratio for botanical and horticultural
purposes consists in the references to the illustrations in the
Japanese classical works Honzo Zufu, Somoku Zusetsu, snd
Kwa-wi. Dr. Savatier had previously published a translation i
Ex letterpress of the Kwa-wi, but the figures have not bee

roduced. The earliest contribution to botanical literata be
Mt. en that has come under our notice is the foundation of
Bruniera in 1864 ( Billotia, i., p. 25,t.1) on Lemna arrhiza, L.,
but he had been anticipated by Hor kel and "Schleiden | inregarding
it as generically distinct. Amen ng his other early papers were
a on the genus Verbascum, a“ a descriptive mono-
of the Central European species. But his Flore de Loir-et-
rre (1885) is his most ipo uit contribution to European
botany, being a fully descriptive, historical, and geographical
account of the hn nts of the Department. In the midst of his
Chinese labours, Franchet found time to elaborate the piano
collected by the * Mission Révoil" in ‘Somaliland, 1882; the
plants of the * Mission Capus" in Turkestan (Ann. Se. Nat.,

83-4); and the flowering plants of the French “ Mission
Scientifique du Cape Horn,” 1882-3. Returning to the botany of

astern Asia, it may be safely asserted that since the death of
e. J. Maximowiez there was no botanist who could pretend to
possess the same critical and detailed knowledge of the plants of
that region as the late A. R. Franchet. "The titles to his various
niger ee would fill a page of the Bulletin. They are enge

f pee and Societies’ publications, but m

of d em were iss rately as well, and some of them =
gg illustrated, specials those that originally appeared
n the Nou Herden Archives du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de
the latter are :— Plante Davidiane (the separate

hrysosplenium ; and Les Carex de l'Asie Orientale. Of the
Plante Delavayane, an inde ependent octavo illustrated work,
only three pars appeared, the last in 1890. p at dde Franchet
described at least 1100 new Chinese species, besides a considerable
gambr of new genera. Prominent among the genera, of which
escribed rx ew species, are :—Carez, Gentiana, Life

17

Primula, Quercus, Rhododendron, Saussurea, and Senecio. His
last paper, “Sur les Swertia et quelques autres Gentianées de la
Chine ” (Bulletin ri la Société Botanique de la France, Fev., 1900),
has reached Kew since his death.

Mr. Franchet held no lucrative post ; no professorship. He
for many years attached as botanist to the Muséum VHistoire
Naturelle, of Paris, but received the very smallest pittance for his
services. This may account for his having accomplished so much
wo He seems to have been universally respected and esteemed ;
was for many years an active member of the Botanical Society of

spondent.

Ernst.—The Botanisches pite igne p. 256
re, 1, ^ i900) announces the death of Dr. A. Ernst, who was for
any years Professor of Natural History in the deii Simi
Director of f the N ational Museum at Caracas, Venezuela. Dr. Ernst
corresponded with Kew and conte bute to the collections, eser
to the economie side. His time, apart from teaching, was pri
pally devoted to the investigation of the vegetable Beet gir
of Venezuela, both of wild and cultivated plants, and to the
diseases of plants, especially those due to, or accompanied by,
fungus parasi One of his earliest contributions T pera of
Botany, 1865, p Hi 143, 977, 306) is on the plants used medieinally
at Caracas, Venezuela, and their vernacular names.
followed by many others of a similar character, and of great

useful to give the title wu Mar potioXon Nacional de na en
1883, Obra — de orden del Ilustre Americano, General
Guzman Blanco, por A. Ernst. Publicacion del Minisierw del
Fomento. Orhi as. Imprenta de “La Opinion Nacioral,” 1884.
e also wrote reports on the partic ipation of Ve nezuela in the
exhibitions at Vienna, in 1873, and Philadelphia, in 1876.

Presentations to the Library ag d 1899.—The second part of
M Evans's work—JDescriplions and Figures of

essrs. W and
Naiat a MER Plants (See Kno Bulletin, 1898, p. 206), has
B

18

been received. Amongst the hey plates included in this part
are three of new species, namely :—Oncinotis gius Moraea
en. ige Chlorophytum Bayyorthit From the author, Prof.
A. Gravis, of Liége, has been received an Slabdrate quarto work
entitled : : Rams Eolo anatomiques et Le gerne be igs sur le T
descantia virginica, L.; also Archiv es de U Institut Botanique de
l'Université de Liége, vol. 1. From Mr. Ti iei ck the final part
of his work on the Gramineae, which includes descriptions and
figures of the ce reda and cultivated grasses of France d pter
Britain, and Switzerland. Dr. J. P. Lotsy has sent a copy
Mededeelingen den ws Gabrabhric der Gouvernements K iraola
neming, No. 1, containing his work—De Localisatie van
Alcaloid in Cinchona Calisay ya rip meer en in Cinchona succi-
rubra. Aninteresting volume entitle = Textrinum Antiquorum,
an account of the Art of Havin among the Ancients, by
James Yates, London, 1843, has oe received from R. B. Prosser,
Amongst other presentations may be mentioned Mr. A.
Jaezewski's Monographie du genre Sphaeronema, Fries, from the
author; Transactions of the Jenner Institute of Preventive
Medicine, second cie ne the Council; Icones Selectae Horti
Thenensis, from Mr. van den Bossche ; Die Entwickelung der
Pflanzengeographie is din let ien hundert Jahren, from the
author, Prof. A. Engler ; Tentamen Florae Rossiae Orientalis, by

of about 20 serial publieations presented by the Bentham Trustees.

Plants presented to the Herbarium during 1899. — Five
fascicles of excellent specimens of Hieracia, from France and
Spain, distributed by Messrs. G. Arvet-Touvet and G. Gautier.
Dr. F. Arnold has sent the continuation of his Lichenes Exsiccati.
A set of Sieber's plants, collected on his “ Iter alpinum delpi-
nense,” from Dr. J. Briquet. Austrian “Kryptogamae Exsic-
catae," Century IV, from Dr. A. Za visse * Flora Exeiccalà

has om
Dr. Sven Hedin's plants, also from Tibet, from Professor F. W. C.
Areschoug. The chief Chinese collection received was a set
of Oaks from Shensi, presented by Dr. E. Baroni, of Florence.
Indian and Malayan plants have been contributed by Dr. D. Prain,
J. F. Duthie, Esq., H. N. Ridley, Esq., Dr. Treub, and C. Curtis,
Esq., and numerous specimens, frequently of his new species,
from British New Guinea, and Queensland, by F. Manson Bailey,
Esq. J. H. Maiden, Esq., and R. T. Baker, Esq., have sent new or
rare plants from New South Wales, and Maurice Holtze, Esq., of
Adelaide, a set of Mr. Max Koch’s plants from the Mount Lynd-
— Distric t, South Australia. Two small collections from the
hbourhood of Albany, Western Australia, have been received
an Sergeant B. T. Goadby. Amongst the African collections
received is one made Sine Ae cem M. S. Wellby, during his travels
in Southern Abyssi ral small ones from K. J. Cameron,
ger made at. fied; "British Central Africa, and. — E J,

19

Lugard's, from the Kwebe Hills, Ngamiland. Dr. L. Pierre has
contributed a number of specimens of critical species from Western
Tropical Africa. A collection, consisting chiefly of ferns, from
Zanzibar Island, has been received from J. T. Last, Esq., and

Natal. Professor W. G. Farlow has presented 42 Cryptogams,
chiefly American, new to the Kew Herbarium. J. Macoun, Esq.
continues to send collections from Canada and the islands of the
Behring Sea. Specimens from Iowa, Nebraska, South Dakota,
and Wyoming, have been sent by Professor Pammel, from the
Bahamas, by Mri Northrop, from Jamaica, by W. Fa weett, Esq.,
from Mexico, by Mr. Michele, and from British Guiana, y
G. S. Jenman, Esq. C. B. Clarke, Esq. = p Dr. Ule's
Cyperacex, from Brazil, and Mr. C. Lindman's Cyperaces», from
Brazil and Paraguay ; Dr. Briquet a set of Héneik and Czermak’s
Central Brazilian plants; Dr. Fischer von Waldheim, petaloid
Monocotyledons and Cyperaces, collected chiefly by Riedel, in
Brazil, and Mr. P. M of Stockholm, a collection from
Temperate South Am Exceedingly interesting specimens of
South American high-level plants have been communicated r4
Edward Whymper, Esq. Sir W. Martin Conway, and E.
FitzGerald, Esq.

pp i to the lakes Rakas-tal and Manasarowar in Western Tibet,
undertaken in September, 1848, by a survivor (Lieut. -General
Sir R. Strachey), more than fift years after the event, is an

journey in questi Gi by Mr. J. E. Winterbottom, and, among other
results, was an excellent collection of dried plants from a ——
previously unknown. It is referred to in Hooker a omson
lora Indica, Introductory Essay, p. 66,as the most valuable tor
its size that had ever been dist ributed Hate India, and as com-

this catalogue is incorporated in a pa Journ. Linn. + ext.
(1894), ons 125) by M e B. He Peter: n two small Collections
of Tibetan Plants. " The mu. catalogue, it may be added,
Was published in E. I. Atkinson's Economic Products © the
North- West Provinces, pp. 402-670 (1876). d
After completing the arrangements of their joint collections,
J. E. es mel went to Egypt. "This was in Jan wary, MESE

98698 | B2

20

with diarrhoea and was put on shore at Rhodes, where he died on
ei 1854. From that time till the beginning of the present
, his own set of dried plants had lain by untouched. Then
E collection came into the possession of Mrs. Pain and Mrs.
Gnosspelius, cousins of the deceased, who offered to me it to
Kew, an offer which was gladly accepted, because it not only
supplements the Kew set. but also contains Winterbottom's aean
notes. Fortun: — the specimens are no worse for their fifty
years’ seclusion

aeg ee —It is pretty well known that Petiver's
Herbarium proprium is in the Sloane Collection at the British
Woden. 7 but Mr. J. G. Er neni. the Curator of the National
Herbarium at Melbourne, recently discovered in the Sonder Col-
ne ns there a small number of specimens which he correctly
rmised to be of the same origin. He sent them to Kew, and
they have been compared with, and found to in with those
in the British Museum. Some of them have been returned to
: fe et and the others retained at Ex They are highly
interesting as samples of one of the Pee English herbaria,
and also as examples of neatness of labelling. These particular
specimens are described in the Philosophical Ty ansactions of the
Royal Society of London, between 1700 and 1703.

Flora Capensis.—The final part of Volume VII. has been issued,
with the following preface to the whole volume by the Director :—

It was considered advisable to commence the continuation of
the Flora Capensis with Volume VI., which was almost exclusively
devoted to the orders which furnish what are familiarly known
as “Cape Bulbs." These are perhaps now more largely cultivated
in Europe than any other South African plants, and a systematic
description of s species it was felt would meet a long-
m wan

Several pun meres suggested the ya of next attack-
ing the seventh and concluding volume of the work in advance
of the fourth and fifth, which are sull unpublished. What per-

aps more weighed with me is the fact that the orders contained

in it admittedly present more difficulties than are likely to be
encountered in any other part of the work. It has, however, been
my good fortune to be able to enlist the aid of contributors who,
in each case, have had the advantage of a special previous study
of the groups they have undertaken

Amongst these I must enumerate :—Arthur Bennett, Feda z
F.L.S, who has peris devoted his attention to
N aiadaece ; Dr. Masters, F.R.S., who is an acknowledged Sd e
rity on the an C. B. Cl: arke, Esq., F.R.S., who has long
been occupied with a comprehensive memoir on the Cyperacee ;
and finally Dr. Stapf, A.L.S., who had previously collaborated with

volume, and this portion of it at Pags will, I
ur rg usefulness in a country which is largely pastoral,

21

For the limits of the regions under which the localities in
which the species have been fou nd = occur are cited, reference
may be made to the preface to Volum

I have again to acknowledge the poen I ew received
from Mr. C. H. Wright, A.L.8., and Mr. N. E. Bro ALS,
Assistants in the Herbarium of the Royal Botanic Garden the
former in reading the proofs, and the latter in yG out the
geographical distribution.

Besides the maps already : in the preface to Volume VI.,
the following have also been used

Natal. By Alexander Mair, 1875.

Kaffraria und die östlichen reo Distrikte die Cap-Kolonie.
By H. C. Schunke in Dr. A. Petermann’s Mitteilungen, 1885, t. 9

Spezial-Karte von Afrika. Qd: Justus Perthes,

To the South African correspondents enumerated in the preface
to Volume VL, I have again to tender my acknowledgments for
the contribution of specim

I must further record my obligations to others, and especially
to those whose aid in various ways has been of the greatest value
in the preparation of the volume :—

ilhelm Brehmer, of Lübeck, has lent E study set of
Drége's Restiacee and Graminec, without which it wovld have
been impossible to arrive at a correct knowledge of some of the
species.

Dr. A. Fischer von Waldheim, Director of the Imperial Botanic
Gardens, St. Petersburg, has lent the specimens of Danthonia and
Pentaschistis collected by Ecklon and br

Dr. Theodor Magnus Fries, Professor of Botany in the Uni-
versity of Upsala, has lent Thunberg's sein of grasses, which
have afforded valuable help in wer correct identification of & some
of the species of the earlier auth

Leo Hartley Grindon, Esq., or i éotributed a small collection
from the Orange Free State.

Professor Eduard Hackel, of St. Pólten, Austria, has kindly
lent some type-specimens of grasses.

Major Wolley Dod, R.A., Sai contributed a very large collection
of plants made by himself in the Cape Peninsula, which is
My rich in new species.

y remains again to add that er expense of preparation
and ron of the present volume has been aided by grants
from the Governments of Cape ee and Natal.

W T T I

Kew, March, 1900.

List sd published names of plants introduced to cultiva
1876-1896.— This has been issued as Additional Series, Vol. IV.
of t ine 2 Bulletin. The m. preface by the Di rector
explains the history and object of the work :—

The activity of private Misc and nurserymen is con-
. tinually enriching our gardens with plants which are either
t aight of cultivation or have ben reintroduce ing lost

22

Every corner of the world, which affords any prospect of
rewarding a collector, is systematically ws is It would be
difficult to estimate the expenditure of mo and labour upon
this kind of enterprise, which has not iud duni attended with
the sacrifice of life.

Unfortunately its results are too often launched upon commerce
or otherwise distributed under names which have perii been
inaccurately determined or are purely fanciful. These names
cannot be wholly ren lg A inasmuch as they re current
in horticultural literature. It constantly, therefore, ERP .
necessary to trace them to their earliest publication in order
obtain information as to the native country of the plants to lich
they belong and other particulars relating to them. The task is,
however, by no means an easy one, as the notices have to be
sought in numerous and widely- scattered horticultural periodicals.

To obviate this diffic ulty a list of new garden plants was
published in the Gardeners’ Year Book and Almanack as long

o as 1860, and this list was continued annually until the
Year Book and Almanack of 1886, which "odhtétiied the new
plants of 1885. The new plants of 1886 to October were published
by instalments in the er of the Journal of Horticulture
during the months of January to May, 1887. The publication
was not aain in the following year, 'and it was believed that
it was = longer — to be undertaken by private enterprise.
Such an annual list was, however, found to be so indispensable,
even for the work of Kew itself, that it was desided to undertake
its compilation by the Kew Staff. Accordingly the list for 1887
was published in the Kew Bulletin for 1888. Tt was accompanied
by the following prefatory remark :—

“As the publication of a list of new garden plants is of the

iS sheng? eier to botanical establishments everywhere, and as
“such a would give information respecting many new plan
‘ grown E ew, and distributed, in course of exchanges, to
s% rasis Egi in all parts of the world, it has been determined
" to continue the list as one of the regular issues of the Kew
“ Bulletin. It is believed that such a publication will be of
* service to the horticultural world generally."

This expectation has been amply fulfilled, and the publication
of the lists has been continued annually. From 1890 t this has

f t up
lists and post up their contents in the form of a iiin. ons
mise iiti catalogue. It is obvious that, for the purpose ©

ing down a name, a search through a lon ng series of annual

lists becomes increasingly tedious. It was therefore felt that it

would be a boon to others besides Kew to combine the lists for,
at any rate, a considerable period in one volume.

The Kew Library contains copies of the lists published in the

deners’ Year Book for the years 1862 to 1878 and 1 ie to

-from public libraries) is that in A possession of the proprietors
of the Journal of Horticulture, and this has been most obligingly
lent to Kew for transcription.

23

The new plants of 1876 to 1885 were catalogued for the
Gardeners’ Year Book by Mr. N. E. Brown, A.L.S., an Assistant
in the Herbarium of the Royal Botanic Gardens—as unofficial
work. He proceeded on a definite plan which has been continued
since. It was therefore considered advisable in preparing the
present list to start with the new plants of 1876.

The lists published in the Kew Bulletin are now prepared as
routine work by the

In addition to species and well-marked varieties, hybrids,
whether introduced or of garden origin, have. been included
where they ET been described with formal botanical names.
Mere cultural forms of well-known garden plants are oinitted for
obvious reasons,

n every case the plant is cited under its published name.
These are largely provisional and often wildly incorrect. When
first introduced into cultivation the merit of many new garden
plants depends solely on their foliage. Their true jo ebd
affinities cannot be ascertained till they flower, and in some cages
many years may elapse before this takes place. A striking
instance is put d by Talisia Pr inceps, now known to belong to
Sapindacex ; it had previously passed in gardens under the names
of Thaophrasta pinnata (Myrsinacee) and Brownea Princeps and

ecta (Leguminose

wheats definite botanical determinations. are possible, or
synonymous names exist, these are given in square brackets.
Only names are cited which agree in form, at any rate, with. the
usual Latin binominal nomenclature. The porponta Napa?
for such names has, however, been uniformly omitted, as it
was found in too many cases impossible to et it with
certainty.

The reference given is to the publication in which the plant is
first ke d or figured; to this is added, when available, a
reference which supplies further information. The natural order
is given in the case of the first species cited of each genus. This
is followed by abbreviations intended to indicate the appropriate
cultural conditions. = briet notice of the habit and most striking
pnt of each plant vi c ; but it has not been considered

r
er s otherwise the list would exceed the limits within’
which it is necessary to confine it. The native country is added
at the end.
The total number of plants catalogued for the 21 years, which
is covered, amounts to 7,600. The majority of the actually new
plants included have been derived from the United States of

areas known to be rich in species and still imperfectly explored
bu.

The orders oM ee diclo up are all Monocotyledonous ; i
they are Orch æ, Liliace d Aracee. This is. however,

only si, icant iq 6 resentin re present drift of horti icultural
Bof taste, Th T c enting th popular in the British Isles for
‘ me ake o of their po and the latter on the Continent for their

24

The genera most largely represented are the following :—

Odontoglossum as .. about 350 entries.
Cypripedium i m B 99 gee
Cattleya ae 2 uo NI
Dendrobium s FA Rages «| o»
i s n in Ei ae Fh
Masdevallia ... ju in s EO y
neidium ... cO . 4
Croton, Iris ... in 100: each;

With r egard to Odontoglossum a grodt number of forms and
even of species previously undescribed have been introduced

fact, about doubled during the period covered by the list. None
of the forms enumerated in the list has originated in cultivation.
The art of the gardener has added to botanical science the
aas of a considerable number of bigeneric hybrids, i.e., of
osses between species rate to distinct and even not very
closely allied genera. I at one time supposed that such
crosses Miis either imposible, or, if possible, were a proof that
the genera were not really distinct. Darwin had long, however,
clearly bow that the limitations and Sobie. of cross-
fertilisation do not run inquid wi et unie affinities, t e., with
e place occupied the par natural classification. It

by
may be grey io; "x the Nlewing list of bigeneric hybrids
ineluded in the lis

Aloe x Gasteri
Aphelandra x Biensiudsiinn:
Bertolonia x Sonerila.

Epilelia = Epidendrum x Le

Bra ag a = Vii bogus qe x ger
Gloxinia x Tapeinotes.

ee = Lelia x Cattleya.
Phaio-calanthe = Phaius x Calanthe.
Sophro-cattleya = Sophronitis x Cattleya.
Sophro-lelia = Pophronitis x Lelia,
Spiræa x Astilbe.

Urceocharis = Urceolina x Euchari
Zygocolax — Zygopetalum x braste.

An even more remarkable Pu or presented by the
at present unique case of a trigeneric hybrid :—Sophro-catlleya
Veitchii, a garden hee between Dale onlin ya elegans and
Sophronitis yrandiflora

The number of names enumerated under Croton largely repre-
sents mere forms cultivated for ihe beauty of their foliage of
I aun formerly known as Croton pictus. In
point of fact the two genera are widely distinct, and —

NE two Lo prae of —

25

The publications from which the list has been et MN with
the abbreviations used to indicate them, are as follow;

Acta Hort. Veces —Acta Horti Petropolitani.
American Flori
B.H.—La ne erg,

B. /3 — Botanical Maga

B. T. O.—Bulletino della | Società Toscana di Orticoltura.
Bull Mee —W. Bull, Catalogue of New, Beautiful, and Rare

Plan

Bull. Mus. Paris.—Bulletin du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle,

aris.

Cat. Comp. Cont. d'Hort. eens aye de la Compagnie
Continentale d’Horticultu

Cat. Nat. Arb. Zös arya des National-Arhoretums
zu Zöschen.

Damm. Cat.—Dammann, General Price List and Catalogue

of Bulbs.

Engros-Cat. des vats Arb. BERN Catalogue des
National-Arboretums zu Zösche

Fl. and P.—Florist e Pomologist.

Zu des S.—Flore pare erre

F. M.—¥ ioral —

G.a nd F —Gard p rand Forest.

Gard. —The Gar

Gard. World. re World.

Garten -Zeitun:

G. —Gardeners’ Chronicle.

Gl. — Gartenflora

G.

EL

K

< Sx

M. — Gardeners Magazine.

7. G.—Hamburger Garten- und Blumenzeitung.

cones Plantarum.—Hooker's Icones Plantarum.

Ill. H.— per sucer Horticole.

Jard.—Le Jar

dH wich de ia Société Nationale d’Horticulture
de France.

J. O.—Journal des Orchidées.

J. of H.—Journal of Horticulture.

Journ. Bot.—The Journal of Botany.

Journ. de Bot.—Journal de Botanique.

Journ. Linn. Soc.—Journal of the Linnean Society.

d: R H: een of the Royal Hortieultural Society.

K. B.—Kew Bulleti

L.—Lindenia.

Lemoine Cat.—Lemoine, Catalogue et Prix-courant.

L'Hort. Int. Cat.—L'Horticulture v sure Catalogue.

Lind. Cat.—Linden, Catalogue des Plante

M. D. G.—Mitteilungen der Deulsliun Dendrologischen
Gesellschaft.

M. G. Z.—Moller's Deutsche Garten- alee `

M. K.—Monatschrift für Kakteenku

Nat. Arb. Züsch.—Neuh« sites Offerte ‘des Nationale-Arbo-

e Tetum ms zu Zöschen

N. B.—Notizblatt der ee Botanischen Gartens und

Museums zu | Berli 2

26

N. G. M.—Dr. Neubert's Garten-Magazin.

O.—L'Orchidophile.

nn Bot. Zeitsehn »ift.— Oesterreichische botanische Zeit-
rift.

O. R. oil Revie

Pre: ROHS) la Enida of the Royal Horticultural
Society.

R.—Reichenbachia

Regel, etd — Regel, en Plantarum.

R. vue Ar ticole.

RHEB edel’ a ase Belge.

Sand. ae nee s Catalogu

Späth Cat.—Späth’s General ale —

Veitch Cat.—Veitch’s Catalogue of Plan

Veitch Man.—Veitch’s Manual of dee Planis Sat née
—Cattleya and Lelia; Cypr.—Cypripedium ; Dend
Dendrobium ; Masdev —Masdevallia

Ver. Zool.- Bot Ges. Wien. — Verhandlungen der meris

"Kóniglichen Zoologisch
Vilmorin Cat. E ange de Vilmorin-Andrieux et Cie.
arner Orchid. Plants. — Warner, Select Orchidaceous
Plan

W.G. <Wiéner Illustrirte Garten-Zeit

Williams’ Cat.—Williams’ Descriptive kii:

W. O. A.—Warner and ee Orchid Album

W. O- or Man.--Warner and Williams’ un Manual.
Year-book. —Hoge's Gunera Year Boo

` Other abbreviations used are :—

diam.—diamete
Í., f.— figi

-, ff.—figure, gun es.

fl.—flower or flow

| —leaf or ieaves.
per.—perennial.
pet.—petal or petals.

Jr—truit. pl. un or plates.
Jt.— toot or feet. S.—

(.—Greenhouse. sep. seal or sepals.
H.—-Hardy. ser.—
herb.—herbaceous. bein

H. H.—Half-hardy. syn.—synonym

in.—inch or inches.
infl.—inflorescence. var.—variety or varieties.

It only remains to add, that the present list has no pretensions
to be more than a compilation. As an Index to the horticultural
literature of recent years, it is believed that it will be found of
practical utility. To have attempted to further elaborate it or to
give it anything approaching a scientific character would have
postponed its publication indefinite

No doubt, = use will detect some errors. For example, by
some mischance the genus Sonerila has got out of place. But
those who in Mind the book discover its defects will probably be
those who will regard them most leniently. :

| Ww. T. THISELTON-DYER
— January, 1900. -

21

The Cyperacem of the West Indies.—The first fasciculus of the
second volume of Dr. I. Urban's Symbole Antillane seu Funda-

Indian Cyperaces, elaborated by Mr. C. B. Clarke, F.R.S., &c.,
from the collections at Kew, supplemented by those at the British
Museum, Berlin, Paris, &c., 'includin g the types of many imper-
fectly-known Re rom the piod remote gources. Although
very full synonymy is given, Mr. Clarke does not, he informs us,
profess to invo absolutely ex hausted even the West Indian

geographical range. The most remarkable fact that has come
out in this enumeration is the large number of species common
to West tropical Africa and the West Indies. This feature is also `
common to the mainland of America and Africa, and prominent
in this connection is the inii equal distribution of the species
of the distinct genus Mapania, section Eumapania, in Guiana
and Guinea. With regard w senate limits, Mr. Clarke has not
departed much from Bentham ‘and Hooker’ 8 a Plantarum,
except in Cyperus, which he divides into Pycreus, Juncellus
Cyper us, Mariscus, and Torulinum ; and here he oa restores
generic rank,

Scientific Zum by the Staff. —Dr. D. H. Scott in his third
paper, “On Structure and Affinities of the Fossil Plants of
the preoc Rocks” (Phil. Trans. Royal Soc. 191, pp. 81-126)
describes the stem and roots of a fossil fern-like plant—Medullosa
anglica—from the coal measures of Lancashire. Medullosa is a

i

than any other Medullosa ; it is more completely preserved, an
more simple in structure. Moreover, it is the only form as yet
formed in Britain.

. W. Pearson in his paper on * The Botany of the
Ceylon Patanas " (Journ. Linn. Soc, xxxiv., pp. 300-366) gives
an account of investigations made during a visit to Do in 1897
upon the vegetation of the grass lands of the Central Plateau of
the island, "These grass-lands are the so-called peras and lie
between 2,000 and T feet. The native graziers. find in them a

by firing the poras wiry herbage to to procure a fresh bite. As
each recurring fire burns the edge of the forse, S adding a little to
the grass land, these patanas appear to be the work of centuries of
repeated co: conflagrati on. The natural forest of Central Ceylon
above vu feet is a * wet forest ' that below 4,500 a ‘Savannah
forest.’ Changed to grass | and the ‘ wet forest’ becomes a

wet moor,’ and natural FoutToréetation remains possible when

28

the land is adequately Eee from fire. This is not the case
below 4,500 feet; for here the strongly-contrasted re and dry
periods have 80 acted that ‘with the destruction of the forest there
has gone on such a complete removal of the Ah: pU that
uos reafforestation is no longer possible.
aper closes with some account of the geb characters
of ilis vegetation aud a list of the species which com :
ssrs. I. H. Burkill and C. H. Wright in their pacer: “On
some African Labiate with alternate Leaves " (Journ. Linn. Soc.,
xxxiv., pp. 268-276) call attention to several interesting specimens
belonging to this order which have been received at the Royal
Gardens from tropieal Africa. Except as an obvious abnormality,
Labiatz with alternate leaves were unknown until two years ago,
when a French botanist, Monsieur H. Hua, detected one in a
To the

Icomwm are now added three other species, all from British.
Central Africa, and alternation of the leaves is shown also to occur
. ina member of the genus Plectranthus from Angola.

Metford' s Lemon.—The large fruits vx ee were: re us have

attracted much attention in the Mexican House ew. The
following article, which is ei: from ‘adn 8
Chronicle for m T ru p. 267 (see also May 5, p. 288), gives
an account of its

In January, xm a apes Metford Badeock, Fons George,
Taunton, forwarded to Kew a lemon fruit which had been grown
in the garden of Mrs. Tucker at Leigh Court, Angers Leigh,
Wellington, Somerset. Miss Badcock wrote :—"*The history of
the big lemon is this : the original plant was grown from seed by
my great aunt, Rss Metford, at Hook House, Taunton, in the
very early years of this century, à and was kept there till 1868,
when the Slee was sold at my Alert e s death, and the plant
n to a friend, who let it die. The present and only plant

as grown from a cutting of that tree hos by my grandfather,
Dr. Metford, to Mrs. Tucker seal now owned by Miss Tucker,
who sometimes ives us à leia n from p I wil ask her to
forward a few cuttings from the Me to you. My people were so
roud of this tree that I should be glad if you could name it
* Metford's Lemon. Shortly en ig Tucker, when
forwarding two cuttings from her tre : *It had so many
fruits in the past two years that it Nur Au “thrown much young
wood. For want of space it had to be pruned.’ ’

The Kew plant is about 10 feet high, s it bears only two
fruits, which are each 8 inches long : and 6 inches wide. The
at aves are equally "Mite for a lemon, | being 8 inches by 4 inches ;

e flowers are white, tinged with rose. Botanically, the plant
s ‘gushed a form of the true lemon, Citrus Medica var.
limonum, but we have not been able to find any form erdt
answering to it cen d les many described and
botanical works. The nearest is one figured in Dr. ie
illustrated work on the Citrus family in India, under the name
xe * Kumaon" or *Gulgul" lemon, which he calls the
uc “elephant T Risen! of the lemon group. That, however, differs

29

from Metford's lemon in its smaller fruits (13} inches in girth),
the roughness and wartiness of the rind, the “ bronzy reddish-
k

is only four years old. 1
As some experts who have seen the plant at Kew have called it
a pumelo, and others a large orange, it may be worth while to
state what are, according to Sir Joseph Hooker, the distinguishing
f the three species into which the sel members
edi

purple; flowers more or less pink. C. Aurantium (comprising
sweet, bitter, or Seville and Bermagotte oranges), young shoots
glabrous, greenish-white ; flowers pure whi C 1
(represented by the shaddock, pumelo, grape-fruit, forbi
fruit), young shoots pubescent ; flowers white. y. W.

Indian Rice or Water Oats (Zizania aquatica).—T wo years ago
a few small living plants of this ornamental annual grass we
them some large clumps have been made, and during the past

growih was produced in the new Water Lily Pond. (south of the
river end of the Lake); here plants attained a height of nearly

quite dry, and this must explain the failure to germinate them in

-

this co
should be sent either in water or mud.

30

Nelumbium speciosum in Egypt.—From the most reliable sources
of information it appears that this plant was introduced into
Kgypt, from India, about 500 B.C. and disappeared, probably,
in the tenth century of the Christian era. But there e exists some
doubt concerning its disappearance, because a passage in Savary’s
Lettres sur l'Egypte (1778), though somewhat vague, hardly
admits of any other construction than that Savary saw the rivers
near Damietta covered with this majestic flower. Sir George
Birdwood sent seeds abs it to Kew last November, with the
information that hi$ son has re-discovered the plant growing
n in the Desert Provinces of Egypt, and had since culti-

th
ee views of the plant growing in the Cairo garden
ate cag anied the seeds. dec Birdwood describes the flowers as
hite and orange, ‘eset h he means, probably, that the petals
are white and the oe orange. This variety is by no means
so common as the pink one, supposed to be the one formerly
oe wn in Egypt. Roxburgh describes Su d (Flora Indica,
p. 647) and there is a coloured figure of it in the Roxburgh
collecti ion of drawings. bunt MAUS that he had bas
both the pink and white varieties on the coast of Coromandel, and
Seite Collett informs us that he has met with the white one
in

Landolphia Perieri.—The following information Au

that Madagascar india-rubber in a recent nu r of the .

upon
Bulletin (1899, pp. 35-39). It is borrowed from thea: potens
cations by M. Henri Jumelle, the first to the Académie des

QUEM Paris (Comptes-rendus, exxix., pp. 349-351), the others .

to the Revue des Cultures Coloniales (v., pp. 104-109 an4 154, 155).
Landolphia Perieri is a rather slender liane of the forests in
Madagascar lying between the watershed and the north-west
coast. Its stem attains 6 inches in thickness, but slowly, and the
majority of stems met with are much smaller. The natives who
apply the names of *Piralaby' Eu Vahealahy’ to the plant,
make rubber from it by cutting these stems into lengths, collecting
the latex which drips from the ends and coagulating it with
lemon juice or with bruised fruits of the tamarind. The latex is
thin and watery, so that a whole day's work results M ger
N "little more than a pound of rubber selling on the spot
63d.-9d. The small return for the labour has caused the de aiu
to forsake their occupation for gold-mining.

M. Jumelle notes that better pr would ensure a better
price. Coagulated by being boiled or allowed to dry, the rubber
is dark and of poor quality (cf. K. B. 1892, p. 70) ; but a numiber
of voc iss precipitate a pinky-white caoutchoue. These re
agents notably acids—sulphuric, acetic, or citric—or solio;
amongst the latter are common salt and Chili saltpetre.

It has not been wipe for the Sakalavas to interfere with

i

the root ; and after the m has been ent to the soil a number of —

shoots spring up Mon in two to three years € possibly, pra?
again, |

—

31

Brazilian Stink-Grass.—A grass sent under this name to the
Botanic Gardeus, Sydney, and recommended, from the repute it
as in Brazil, for | cultivation in Australia, proves to be Melinis
minutiflora, Beau
This species TM common in Brazil, where it is mage rapidly to
st.

nd n

found from the south of the Sahara to Natal, dud it occurs in
Madagascar. Its hc imm names in Brazil ‘Capim mellado '
and * Capim gordura’ n honey-grass and fat-grass, and there
horses and cattle grésdiy: ved it and fatten ; but, adds St. em
(Aperçu d'un. voyage dans Vintèrieur du Br ésil, p. 8), they
acquire little vigour. Gardner’s testimon ny is to the same effeci,
and Doell (in Martius, Flora Brasiliensis, ii., pt. 2, p. 242) repeats
the statement, adding that possibly the deciduous spikelots are
the cause. This i is in “agreement with the statemens: contained in
the report by H.M.’s Consul-General at Rio, that “it can be cut
for green or dry fodder, but, if so treated, this must be done before
the seed-heads show themse Ive

In the coffee-growing disit of Brazil, Capim mellado is often
sown in order to stifle certain weeds ; hickly s it mat
on the surface that the most stubborn of them—Anatherum
bicorne—is ousted (see Van Delden Laérne, Brazil and Java; Reports
on Coffee-culture, London, 1885, p. 2

ow it grows in these districts Sir Charles en. has

described —— Fragments, Tonton, 1883, p. 103). “ There

are two plants," he writes, “ which their extr RE
abundance, and by the way in which me domineer over the
of the vegetation, sis fail to force themselves on one's en
tion. One is the large Brake Eae or eina Kaulf.) ; the
other a small fasi Ob pid mellado. The herbage of the latter is

account of the way in which it invaded the Province o inas,
spreading farther and farther wherever the woods were cut down
and burned, and smothering all the smaller and weaker planis till
it reigned alone over extensive tracts. I saw little of it in the

‘ natural ’ campos to the south of Ouro Preto; it seemed (as St.
Hilaire remarked) to establish itself only where the soil kad been
stripped of its previous clothing of wood.”

Two forms, — ng in the colour of the spikelets and in

duration, are said to exist ; of these that with violet is preferre
that with pallid blaues, The violet form, in fact, replaces the
pallid when the two are sown together. :

32

long, flat on the split side and convex on the natural Faroe. and
armed with stout bristles depu strong to remove paint and
tar from wood, &c., with wonderful celerity. “Local inquiries,”

Dr. Bidie wrote, “ failed e «m any information as to its source,
and it was, therefore, sent to Kew, where x ne at once
identified it, and finally informed me that it is the fruit of a
species of Pandanus, probably foetidus, with ie cellular tissue
capies by maceration. Subsequently, a sample of the fruit
was sent to Mr. T. Christy, who reports that he thinks he
can a sn valuable commercial us e of it, provided he can only
get it in quantity and in good ca

INDEX,

A;

Appointments, 15, 16.
Arden, S., 15.

B.
ues fibre of Calotropis gigantea,

Botanic Garden, Durban, 12.

Botanical establishments, staffs
of, IV.

— Museums in France, 1.

Brazilian stink-grass, 31.

Burkill, I. H., 16.

— — — frican Labiate with

alternate leaves," 28.

C.
Sale gigantea (with plate),
Capim doo 31.
mellado,
Clarke, C. B “‘Cyperacese of the

West Indies, 27.
oe of the West Indies,

D.
Dijon, Jardin des er 8.
Durban Botanie Gard

n, 12.
: n ee opi in silk
: industry, L

S 23698

E.
Egypt, Nelumbium speciosum in,

Ernst, Dr. A., 17.

F.
Fibre from Calotropis gigantea,

Flora Capensis, 20.
Floss from Calotropis gigantea,

France, Botanical Museums in, 1.
Franchet, A. R.,

G.

Grass, Brazilian stink-, 31.

Ground-nut industry in France, 6.

Gutta-percha from Calotropis gi-
gantea, 9.

H.

Herbarium Petiverianum, 2
—, presentations during 1699. 18.
ng J. srs Botanical Museums
e, 1.

n Fran
Himalayan. 'and Tibetan herba-
m, J. E. Winterbottom’ s, 19.

I.

In MI Madagascar, 30.
Indian rice, 29.

K.

Kew Herbarium, presentations
during 1899, 18.

— Library Catalogue,
ment to, Appx. III.

— —. presentations during 1899,
17

Supple-

— staff, scientific papers by, 27.
—, visitors during 1899, 15.

L.

Landolphia Perieri, 30.

Lemon, Metford's, 28.

Library Catalogue, Supplement
Bee Appx.

—, presentations during 1899, 17.

List of published names of plants
introduced to cultivation :
1876-1896, 21.

Lyons, Chantre collection of eco-
nomic otany,

—, Jardin botanique, 4.
—, vegetable dyes employed in
silk industry, 5.

M.

Madagascar india-rubber, 30.
Madar. {with plate), 8.
Marseilles Botanic Garden, 5.
Melinis minatifora, a.
Metford's Lemon, 28.
| P" llaneous — 15.

N:
Nelumbium speciosum in Egypt,
1876-1896,

New garden plants :
2].
— — — of 1899, Appx. II.

O.

Obituary notices, 16, 17.

B.

Pandanus fruit used as a scrub-
bing brush, 31.
Paris, Jardin des Plantes, 2.
—, L'École supérieure de Phar-
9.

Pearson, H. H. W., * Botany of

the Ceylon Patanas," 27.
Petiverianum herbarium, 20.
Purves, J. M., 15.

R.

Rouen, Commercial ven 2.

—, Jardin des Plantes, 1.

—, Museum of Natural History,
1.

Rubber, Madagascar, 30.

8.

Scientifio papers by Kew staff, 27.

Scott, EA r. D. H., scientific papers
by, 9

Seeds available i Es co ;

Appx. I.

35

Silk industry, Lyons, vegetable
dyes employed. 5.
er s botanical establishments,

Hes tnit Brazilian, al.

Xs

Tibetan and Himalayan herba-
rium, J. E. Winterbottom's, 19.

Y.

Visitors during 1899, 15.

W.

Water oats, 29.
Watt, Sir G., Madar, 8.

West Indies, Cyperacese of, 27.
Winterbottom, J. E., Him alayan
and Tibetan Herbarium, 19.
Wright, C. H., “ African Labiate

with alternate leaves," 28.

Z.

Zizania aquatica, 29.

ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

BULLETIN

OF

MISCELLANEOUS. INFORMATION.

APPENDIX I.—1900.

LIST OF SEEDS OF HARDY HERBACEOUS PLANTS
AND OF TREES AND SHRUBS.

The following is a list of seeds of Hardy Herbaceous Annual
and an Plants and of Hardy Trees er Shrubs which, for
the most part, have ripened at Kew during the year 1899. These
seeds are not sold to the general publie, bui are available for
exchange with Colonial, Indian, and Foreign Botanic Gardens, as
well as with regular corresponde ents of Kew. No application,
except from remote colonial possessions, can be entertained after
the end of Marc

HERBACEOUS PLANTS.

Abronia umbellata, Lam. | Achillea, co n 1 i
m.
Acaena cme J. Buch. | Gane Watt d. "
macrostemon, Hook. f. | leptophylla, Bieb.
microphylla, Hook. f. ligustica, All.
myriophylla, Lindl. magna,
Novae-Zealandiae, Kirk. moachate, Jacq.
ovalifolia, Ruiz & Pav. tiobilia, J«
Sanguisorbae, Vahl. Ptarmica, EL.
sarmentosa, Carmich. rupestris, Huter.
serioen , Jacq, Santolina, L.
splendens, Hook. & Arn. setacea, Waldst. & Kit.
Acanthus longifolius, Poir. taygetea, Boiss. d Heldr
Achillea Ageratum, L. Aconitum heterophyllum,
compacta, Willd. Wall.
decolorans, Schrad. Lycoctonum, L.

3891—1375—10/99 Wt92 D&S 29

Aconitum, cont.
lus, £L.
uncinatum, 7.

Actinolepis coronaria, A. Gray.

Actinomeris squarrosa, Nutt.
Adenophora liliifolia, Bess.
Adesmia muricata, DC.
Adonis aestivalis, L.
Aethionema cappadocicum,
N, Br.
Aethusa Cynapium, Z.
Agrimonia TE: L.

leucantha, Kunze
odorata, Mill,

Agropyron acutum, Roem. &
Schult.

caninum, Beauv.
dasyanthum, Ledeb.
ee Sagen
repens, Bea

Richa a "Se rad.
tenerum, Vasey sey.
villosum, Link.

Agrostis alba, L.
alpina, Scop
Vig With.

Alchemilla alpina, L.
conjuncta, Bab.
splendens, Christ.
vulgaris, £L.

Alisma Plantago, L.

Allium angulosum, L.
atroparpureum, Waldst. &
Kit

Bidwillie, S. Wats
cardiostemon, Fisch.& Mei y.
erg „L

gel.
Gydni, ee & Kotschy.
fistulosum, L.
giganteum, Regel.
_hingfotiam, Boiss.

ONE cont.
menorrhizum, a
partis nse, Fe.
Gier DE & Sm.
narcissiflorum, Vill.
nigrum,
odorum, L.
oreophilum, C. A. Mey.
orientale, Boiss.
polyphyllum, Kar. & Kir.
TE eS

m, L.
Benoch abunde B
— var. sibiricum, B. J:
scorzoneræfolium, Red.
senescens,
sphaerocephalum, Er

Alonsoa ineisifolia, Ruiz & Pav.
Warscewiczii, Regel.

Alopecurus geniculatus, L.
Br.

Alstroemeria aurea, R. Grah.

Althaea armeniaca, Tenore,
cannabina, L. var. narbon-
ensis, Pourr.

ficifolia, Cav.

kurdica, Schlecht.
Ludwigii, Z.

officinalis, L.

pallida, Waldst. Kit.
pontica, Benth. & Hook. f.

rosea, Cav
taurinensis, DC.
Alyssum argenteum, Vitm.
corymbosum, Boiss.
creticum,
gemonense, L.
incanum, Z.
maritimum, Lam.
minimum, Willd.
podolicum, Bess.
saxatile, L.

Amaranthus caudatus, L.
hypochondriacus, L.
polygamus, L

nt
retroflex
acon, gi

Amethystea caerulea, L.

Ammobium alatum, R. Br.

Ammophila arundinacea, Host.

Amsonia Tabernaemontana,
Wait.

Anacyclus Pyrethrum, DC.
radiatus, Loisel.

Anagallis arvensis, L.
linifolia, L.

Anchusa capensis, Thunb.
officinalis, L.

Andropogon cirratus, Hack.
provincialis, Lam

nn A eee Retz.

Boiss. & Huet.

fans, d

Andryala ragusina, £L.
varia, Lowe.

Anemone decapetala, L.
ri, Atl.

pennsylvanica, L.
en Buch-Ham.
sylves
Angelica NET Mazim.
Anoda hastata, Cav.
Wrightii, Gray.

Antennaria dioica, Gaertn. var.
tomento ort.

Anthemis aetnensis, Schouw.
arvensis
cinerea, "Pane.
Cotula, L.
cupaniana, Tod.
montana, L.
nobilis, Z.
— var. discoidalis, Hort.
styriaca, Ves

thetoria, L.

3891

nue cud Liliago,
epos idis B. & R.

Anthoxanthum odoratum, 7.
ovatum, Lag.
Anthyllis sericea, Lag.
neraria, L.
— var. Dillenii.
An — L.

ajin
Oronti hL
cen, "Boiss & Reut.

A pera interrupta, Beauv.
Spica-venti, Beauv.
Aplopappus eei A. de
llis, A. Gra
Sebi gins. Torr. & vibes y.

a
hrysantha, 4. Gray y.

en
— var. atrata, (Koch.)

Arabis albida, Stev.

B
o
: d
E
vn

b.
EE m. Hornem.
pumila,

Aralia cachemirica, Desne.
cordata, Thunb.
racemosa,

Archangelica officinalis, Hoffm.

Arctium majus, Bernh.
minus, Bernh.

Arenaria afonia, Portenschl.
leari

gothica

sraminioli - ad.
— var. multiflora.
gypsophiloides L.
pinifolia, Bieb.
serpyllifolia, L.

Argemone grandiflora, Sweet.
mexicana, L. E

A2

Arisarum proboscideum, Savi.

Armeria argyrocephala, Wallr.
elo Hoffm.
maritima, Willd.
plantaginea, Willd.
Welwitschii, Boiss.

Arnica Chamissonis, Less.
sachalinensis, A. Gray.

Arrhenatherum avenaceum,

ae reger L.
Akira Miche.
glauca
paniculata, Lam.
ee Pall.
rupestris

Arum italicum, Mill.

Asarum Zen L.
gii, S. Wats.

Asparagus officinalis, £L.
Asperella Hystrix, Willd.

Asperula azurea, Jaub. & Spach.
Bieb

galioides,
tinctoria, L.

Asphodeline Balansae, F. Gay.
liburnica, Reichb.

Asphodelus albus, Willd.

Aster alpinus, L.
altaicus, Willd.
Amellus, L.
corymbosus, Ait.
dahuricus, Tm th.
glaucus, Torr. & Gray.
Tahin HG; Winkl
polyphyllus, Willd,

ptarmicoides, Torr. 4 Gray.

puniceus

— var. lucidulus, Gray.
pyrenaeus, DC,
Radu it.

sibiricus, L.

Aster, cont.

spectabilis, Ait.
tanacetifolius, H. B. & K.

trinervius, Desf.

Tripolium,

umbellatus, Mill.

Vahlii, Hook. & Arn.

Astilbe rivularis, Buch-Ham.
Thunbergii, Miq.

Astragalus alopecuroides, L.
alpinus, L.
boeticus, L.

chinensis, L.
chlorostachys, Lindl.

ten L.
sentaplottis
ponticus, Pa ll.
reflexistipulus, Miq.
tibetanus,
tomentosus, Lam.

*

Astrantia major, L.
—var. cari uel (Hoppe).

Athamanta Matthioli, Wulf.

Atriplex hastata, L.
hortensis, L.
littoralis, L.

rosea, L.
sibirica, L.
Atropa Belladonna, L.

Aubrietia deltoidea, DC.
erubescens, Griseb.
gracilis, Sprun.
Pinardi, Boiss.
Avena Steers Huds.
virens, Vill.
AERE Schreb.

Baeria coronaria, A. Gray.
gracilis, A. Gray.

Ballota hispanica, Benth.

| Baptisia australis, R. Br.

Basella rubra, L.

Beckmannia erucaeformis, Host.

Berkheya Adlami, Hook. f.
m purpurea, Benth.
Hook. f.

Beta maritima
trigyna, Wide. & Kit.
vulgaris, L.

&

Bidens cernua, L.
frondosa, L.
grandiflora, Balb.
leucantha, Willd.
tripartita, L.

Biscutella auriculata, L.
€ C
didyma, L.

Bloomeria aurea, Kellogg.

Blumenbachia insignis, Schrad.

Bocconia cordata, Willd.
microcarpa, Maxim

Boltonia asteroides, L'Hérit.
incisa, Benth. — -
indica, Benth.

Borago officinalis, L.

Bouteloua oligostachya, T'orr.

Brachycome iberidifolia, Benth.

cba ssim distachyum.
Bea

pi iridis Beauv.
sylvaticum, F. &

Brassica eum rudem
— sr chinensis Lhe ).
uca.
Chelrenthor Vill.
Erucastrum, Z

Briza media, L.
Brodiaea c" S. We
eduncularis, S. Waits.
conte aker

Bromus adoënsis, Hochst.
lbidus, Bie

breviaristatus, Buckl.
brizaeformis, Fisch. & Mey.
—— k. & Arn.
ciliatus, L
erectus, Huds.
inermis, Leyss.

tectoru "

unioloides, H. B. & K.
Browallia viscosa, 7. B. d K
Bryonia dioica, Jacq.
Bulbine annua, Willd.
Bulbinella Hookeri, Benth. &

— dii: latifolia.
Bunias Erucago, L.

orientalis, L.

en grandiflorum, L.
speciosum, Schreb.

Bupleurum Candollei, Wall.
croceum, Fenzl.
gracile,
longifolium
protractum, Hoffmg. & Lk.
stellatum, L.

Butomus umbellatus, L.
Caccinia strigosa, Boiss.
Cakile maritima, Scop.
Calamagrostis confinis, Nuit.
e .
ta, Roth.
varia, Beauv.
Calamintha u Clairv.
chinensis,
Clinopodium, i Banik

paree S Moench.
officinalis, Moench.

Calandrinia grandiflora, Lindl.
pilosiuscula, D
umbellata, DC

Calceolaria mexicana, Benth.

Ser arvensis, L.
microphylla, Lange.
officinalis, L.
suffruticosa, Vahl.

Callirhée involucrata, A. Gray.
ta, ;

A. Gray
Cailistephus hortensis, Cass.

Caltha biflora, DC.
po lypetala, Hochst.

Camassia Cusickii, S. Wats.
u Lindl.
Ti

Camelina sativa, Crantz.

Campanula alliariaefolia, Willd.
barbata, L.

>

bononiensis, L.

collina, Bieb.

colorata, Wall.

drabaefolia, Sibth. & Sm.

— var. attica, (Boiss. &
Heldr

glom *

lactiflora, Bieb.

latifolia ite

— var. ma rantha, (Fisch.).

— var. on o (Sibth. d
Sm

latiloba, DC.

persicifolia, L.

punctata, Lam.

ae. Haenke.
pyramidalis, L.
ne: Sibth. d Sin.
rapunculoides, L.
reuteriana, Boiss. & Bal.
rhomboidalis, L.
0 =

rmatica,

Scheuchzeri, "Vul.

sibirica,

— var. divergens, ( Willd.).

Campanula, cont.
Steveni, Bieb.
thyrsoides, L.
Trachelium, Z.
Cannabis sativa, L.
Carbenia benedicta, Adans.
Cardamine chenopodifolia, Pers.
g
latifolia, Vahl.

Carduus n L.
s, Benth.

nutans, L.
naoi Benth.

Carex adusta, Boo
alopec coidea, Tucker m.
axillaris, Good

RE MM Good.

lepidocarpa,
(Tausch.).
— var. Oederi, (Ehrh.).
os Carey.

hirta, L.

re, Vil.
leporina,

Novae- Selandiae, Boeck.
paniculata, L.

pendula, Hu ds.
sparganioides, Muhl.
stellulata, Good.

tribuloides, Wahlenb.

vulpina, L.

vulpinoidea, Micha.
Carlina acaulis, L.
Carthamus flavescens, Willd.

lanatus, L.

leucocaulos, Sibth. & Sm.

tinctorius, L

Carum buriaticum, Turez.
„Zr

Carvi

Carum, cont.

copticum, Benth. &
ook. f.

Petroselinum, Benth. &
Hook. f.

Catabrosa aquatica, Beauv.
Catananche caerulea, L.

Cedronella mexicana, Benth. var.
ook.

Velsia pontica, Boiss.
Cenchrus tribuloides, L.
Cenia turbinata, Pers.
Centaurea axillaris, Willd.
Cyanus, L.
cynaroides, Link.
diluta, Dryand.

eriophora,
Fontanesii, Spach.

gra, L.
nigrescens, Will

—var. Sohnes (Ber nh.).

antica, L.
salonitana, Vis.
Scabiosa,
Verutum, L.

Centranthus Calcitrapa, Dufr.
macrosiphon, Boiss.
ru .

AR ve don proe
cantha,
er Griseb. n
Syriaca, Schr
tatarica, Sc hrad.
transsylvanica, L.

Schenk.

Cerastium alpinum, L. var. lan-
atum, (Lam.
— var. villosum,
(Baumg.).
arvense, L.
macranthum, Boiss.

Cerastium, cont.

perfoliatum, L.
purpurascens, Adams.
tomentosum, Z.

Cerinthe alpina, Kit.
major, L.
retorta, Sibth. & Syme.
Chaenostoma foetida, Benth.
rye res aromaticum, L.
PAg, Crantz.
Charieis — Cass.

Cheiranthus Cheiri, L.
Marshallii, Star k.

Chelidonium franchetianum,
Prain.

majus, L.

— var. laciniatum.

Chelone Ly = Pursh.

ER Dougl.
obliqua, L.

Chenopodium ambrosoides, L.
Bonus-Henricus, L.
Botrys,
ficifolium, Sm.
graveolens, Willd.

Quinoa l
urbicum, L.
virgatum, Thunb.

Vulvaria, L.
Chionodoxa Luciliae, Boiss.
— var. sardensis.
Chlorogalum pomeridianum,
Kunth.
Chorispora tenella, DC.

anserinae-
di

Chrysanthemum
folium, Hausskn

eoronarium,

Chrysanthemum, cont.
corymbosum, L
lacustre, Br. ee
Leucanthem
macro vp liim. ' Waldst &
Kit.
multicaule, Desf.
Myco

pelieni T G y.
Parkoni, Bernh.
segetum.

setabense, Dufour.
viscosum, Desf.

Chrysopogon Gryllus, Trin.
Cicer arietinum, L.
Cichorium Intybus, L.

Cimicifuga — Pursh.
racemosa, Nut

Circaea lutetiana, L.

Cladium Mariscus, Br.

Clarkia elegans, Dougl.
pulchella, Pursh.
rhomboidea, Dougl.

Claytonia perfoliata, Donn.
ibirica, L.

Cleome violacea, L.

Cleonia lusitanica, L.
Clintonia uniflora, Kunth.
Clypeola cyclodontea, Delile.

Cnicus Acarna, L.
arachnoideus, Bieb,
canus, Roth.
Diacantha, Desf.
eriophorus, Roth.
lanceolatus, Willd.

ochroleucus, Spreng.
oleraceus, H

tataricus, Willd.

Cochlearia danica, L.
glastifolia, L.

Codonopsis ovata, Benth,

Coix Lacryma-Jobi, L.

Collinsia bartsiaefolia, Benth.

Par . Gra
sparsiflora 4 Fisch. & Mey.
verna, Nutt

Collomia coccinea, Lehm.

gran iflora, Dougl.
linearis, Nutt.

Commelina coelestis, Willd.
Conium maculatum, L.
Conringia orientalis, Dum.
Convolvulus siculus, L.

undulatus, Cav.
Der et

Drummondi, Torr. & Gra UA

lane

renters N utt.
Coriandrum sativum, L.
Corispermum hyssopifolium, L.
Cornucopiae cucullatum, L.
Coronilla atlantica, Boiss. &

Reut.

cappadocica, Willd.

coronata, L.

elegans, Pa nc.

scorpioides, Koch.

vaginalis, Lam.

varia, L.
Corrigiola littoralis, L.
Corydalis capnoides, Wahlenb.

claviculata, DC.

racemosa, Pers.
sibirica, Pers.

Corynephorus canescens, Beauv.
Cosmidium burridgeanum, Hort.

Cosmos bipinnatus, Cav. -

Cotula coronopifolia, L.

Crambe hispanica, L.
maritima, L.

Crepis alpina, L.
blattarioides, Vill.
hyoseridifolia, Reichb.
cra Moench.

a, L.
aeie A Thuill.
virens

Crocus Balansae, F. Gay.
bifl

r
cancellatus, Herb. var. cili-

sian
tommasinianus, Herb.
vernus, All.

zonatus, Gay.
Crucianella aegyptiaca, L.
Crupina vulgaris, Cass.

Cryptostemma calendulaceum,
R.Br.

Cucubalus bacciferus, L.
Cucurbita Pepo, L.
Cuminum Cyminum, L.
Cuphea Llavea, Lindl.
pinetorum, Benth.

procumbeus, Cav.
Zimapani, Morr.

Cyclamen neapolitanum, 7'enore.

Cyclanthera explodens, Naud.
Cynara Cardunculus, L.
Cynodon Dactylon, Pers.

Cynoglossum fureatum, Wall.
enth.
officinale, Z.
petiolatum, A. DC.
Cynosurus cristatus, L.
Cyperus esculentus, L.
vegetus, Willd.
Dactylis glomerata, L.

Dahlia coccinea, Cav.
Merckii, Lehm.

Datura Stramonium, L.
Tatula, L.

Daucus Carota
gummi ifer, Lam.

Delphinium Ajacis, Reichb.
shmirianum, Foyle.

er a DO.

elatum, Z.

a dem sedora (Waldst. &
Kit.

formosum, Boiss. & Huet.

speciosum, Bieb.

— var. turkestanicum.
Staphisagria,
tatsienense, Franch.
vestitum, Wall.

Demazeria loliacea, Nym.
sicula, Dum.
Deschampsia caespitosa, Beauv
Desmodium canadense, DO.
Dianthus arenarius, L.
rmeria, L.
atrorubens, All.
caesius, Sm.
chinensis, L.
ciliatus, Guss.
cruentus, Griseb

Dianthus, cont.
8, Bieb.

monspessulanus, L.
petraeus, Waldst. & Kit.
pinifolius, Sibth. & Sm
er

pungens, L.

Retuienif, Brat & Godr.
Seguieri, Vill.

tener, Balb.

Waldsteinii, Sternb.
Diarrhena americana, Beauv.
Dicentra eximia, Torr.
Dictamnus albus, L.
Digitalis ambigua, Murr.

lutea, L.

purpurea, L.
Dimorphotheca annua, Less.

hybrida, DC.

pluvialis, Moench.

Dipeadi serotinum, Medic.

Diplachne imbricata, Scribner.

Diplotaxis coy Kunze.
tenuifolia,

Dipsacus a Wall.

japonicus, Mig.
laciniatus, L.
plumosus, , Franch.
sylvestris, Mill.

Dischisma spicatum, Chois,
Doronicum scorpioides, Lam.

Dorycnium Rid Vill.
rectum, Ser

Downingia elegans, Torr.

Draba aizoides, L.
Aizoon, Wahlnb.
arabisans, Michz.

~ ai & Thoms.

Draba, cont.

a
rigida, Willd.
stellata, Jacq.

Dracocephalum heterophyllum,
Ben i

ica, L.
parviflorum, Nutt.
peregrinum,

Dryas octopetala, L.

Drymaria cordata, Willd.
Drypis spinosa, L.

Dulichium spathaceum, Rich.
Ecballium Elaterium, A. Rich.
Echinaria capitata, Desf.

Echinodorus ranunculoides, En-
gelm.

Echinops bannaticus, Rochel.
lobifer, Janka.
niveus, Wall.
sphaerocephalus By Js
HE albidus, (Boiss. &
Sprun.).
Echium rosulatum, Zange.
vulgare, L.

Eleusine coracana, Gaertn.
icta, Foxrb.
Elsholtzia cristata, Willd.
Elymus arenarius, L.

aden

canadensis, L.
— var. glaucifolius, 4.

virginicus, L.
Emilia flammea, Cass.
Encelia subaristata, A. Gray.
calva, A. Gray.
Epilobium mem o L.
billardierianum, Ser.

Doing
hirsutum, L

Epilobium, cont.
Lamyi, Schultz.
linnaeoides, Hook. f.
uteum, Pursh.
montanum, Z.

nummularifolium,A .Cunn

roseum, Schreb

eines ru ac Haenke.

tetragonum, L.

Eragrostis minor, Host.
pectinacea, Nees.

Purshii, Schrad.
Eranthis hyemalis, Salisb.
Eremostachys laciniata, Bunge.
Erigeron ET Muhi.
glabe “a utt.
Er asper
ma cranthus Nutt.
mucron

eee

Hook.
speciosus, DC.
strigosus, Muhl.

‘Benth. &

Erinus alpinus, Z.
Erodium chium, iie

tmoleum, Reut.
Eruca sativa, Mill.
Eryngium alpinum, Z.
amethystinum, L.
Bourgati, Gouan.
— Delar.

mpestre
ebrasteakunn, Lam.

oliverianum, Delar.
panicu ulatum, Cav. &
Mns 5
planum
` Serra, Erin & Schlecht.

vesiculosum, Labill.

Erysimum hieracifolium, L.
boryanum, Boiss.
hieracifolium

perowskianum, “Fisch. : &
Mey.

Erythraea Centaurium, Pers.
linariifolia, Pers.
ramosissima, Pers.

Erythronium revolutum, Sm.

Eschscholzia californica, Cham.
tenuifolia, Benth.

Eucharidium Breweri, Gray.
concinnum, Fisch. & Mey.
— var. grandiflorum.
Eupatorium ageratoides, L.
cannabinum
purpureum, L.
serotinum, Miche.
Euphorbia altissima, Boiss.
dentata, Micha.
dictyosperma, Fisch.
Esula,
exigua.
green Sp "eng.
Lathyris, L.

spinosa, L.
virgata, Waldst. & Kit.
Fagopyrum esculentum,
Moench.
Fedia Cornucopiae, Gaertn.
Felicia fragilis, Cass.

Ferula communis, L.

syriaca, Hort.
tingitana, L.

Festuca UAE Vill.
bro
capitis, Dufour.
duriuscula, Z

Festuca, cont.
gi gantea, Vill.
Haller SAU:
eier Lam.
yuros, L.
oa, Kunth.
rigida, Kun
aa Se had.
Foeniculum vulgare, Mill.

Fritillaria acmopetala, Boiss.
ar

pluriflora, Torr.
Froelichia floridana, Mog.

Fumaria capreolata, L.
officinalis, L.

uns caerulea, Sweet.
ovata, Spren
sieboldiana, Hook.
Gaillardia aristata, Pursh.
Galanthus Elwesii, Hook. f.

Galega officinalis, L.
orientalis, Lam.

Galeopsis ochroleuca, Lam.
pyrenaica, Baril.
Tetrahit, L.

Galinsoga brachystephana,

Regel.
parviflora, Cav.

Galium Aparine, L.
boreale, L.

tricorne, Stokes
Gastridium australe, Beauv.

Gaudinia fragilis, Beauv.

Gaura Lindheimeri, Engelm. &

ay. —
parviflora, Dougl.

12

Gentiana asclepiadea, L.

cruciata,
lutea,

septemfida, Pall.
tibetica, King.

Geranium albanum, Bieb
e

pratense, L
pusillum,

monaefolium, Z/ Hérit.

Burm. si

Richardsoni, Fisch. &

sphundifglivis, Ei
sanguineum, L.
sylvaticum, L.
wallichianum, @. Don.
Wilfordi, Maxim.

Gerbera kunzeana, A. Br. &
Asch.

Geum n Hort.

hispidum

„Fri
Tr hie cies, Schleich,
macrophyllum, Willd.
montanum, L

parvifloru

um, Sm.

Aie s Mill.

riva
été
urbanum,

Ait.

Gilia achilleaefolia, Bent.
androsacea, Steud

laciniata,

Ruiz & Pav.
Benth.

micrantha, Steud.

squarro
tricolor,

Hook. & Arn.
enth.

Gladiolus anatolicus, Hort.
atroviolaceus, Boiss.

Glaucium corniculatum, Curt.
vum, Crantz.
leptopodum, Maxim.

Glyceria aquatica, Sm.
distans, Wahlnb.

Glycine Soja, Sieb. & Zuce.

tee echinata, L.
lepidota, Pursh.

alt indicum, L
uteo-album, L.

Gratiola officinalis, L.
Grindelia inuloides, Willd.
Guizotia abyssinica, Cass.

Gunnera chilensis, Lam.
manicata, Linden.

Gypsophila muralis, L.
paniculata, L.
Rokojeka, "Delile.
Steveni, Fisch.
Hablitzia tamnoides, Bieb.
Halenia elliptica, D. Don.
Hastingia alba, S. Wats.

Hebenstreitia comosa, Hochst.
tenuifolia, Schrad.

Hedysarum coronarium, L.
m, Ledeb.
flexuosum, L.
microcalyx, Baker.
neglectum, Ledeb.

Helenium quadridentatum,

abill.
tenuifolium, Nutt.
Heleochloa schoenoides, Host.
o heh quinquenervis,
"y.
uina: Torr. & Gray.

Helianthemum —— Mill.
icifolium,
villosum, Thi be

an annuus, Z.
hyllus, Torr. & Ga “ay.
debilis 8, Nos tt.
laetiflorus, Pursh.

Helichrysum bracteatum,
A

serotinum, Boiss.
Heliophila amplexicaulis, Z. f.
Heliopsis laevis, Pers,
pitcheriana, Hort.
Heliotropium europaeum, L.
Helipterum humboldtianum,
Manglesii, F. Muell.
roseum, Benth.

Helleborus WE es huis
orientalis, La

Helonias bullata, L.
atifolia.

Hemerocallis flava, L.

Heracleum asperum, Bieb.
gummiferum j
lanatum, Michx
lehmannianum, Bunge.
Leichtlini, Hort.
mantegazzianum, Levier &

Somm
pyrenaicum, Lam.
Sphondylium, Z
villosum, Fisch.

Herniaria glabra, L.
hirsuta, L

Hesperis matronalis, L.
Heterospermum pinnatum, Cav.
Heuchera cylindrica, eyes
Drummondi, Hor
glabra,
Pilosissima, Fisch. & Me y.
sanguinea, Engelm.
Hibiscus Trionum, L.
Hieracium amplexicaule, L.

aurantiacum, L.
bupleuroides, C. C. Gmel.

Hieracium, cont.

compositum, Lapeyr.
c ries.
crocatum, Fries.

ewari, Boswell.
glaucum, All.
— en Griseb.
humile,
juranum, ra.
lanatum, Waldst. & Kit.

lactucaefolium, Arv.-Touv.

ne Schrank.
norvegicum, Fries.
alida. ‘Biv.
pannosum, Boiss.
rigidum, Harim.
rupestre, All.
stoloniflorum, Waldst.
Kit.
umbellatum, L.
villosum, Jacq.
vulgatum, Fries.

Hippuris vulgaris, L.
Holcus lanatus, L.
Hordeum bulbosum, L.

rien, Boiss.

ubatum
maritimum, With.
num,

prajit Se hreb.

Horminum pyrenaicum, L.

Hosackia purshiana, Benth.

Humulus japonicus, Sieb.d Zuce.

ar. variegatus

Hutchinsia petraea, A. Br.
Hyacinthus amethystinus, L.
on L
Hydrocotyle repanda, Pers.
vulgaris,
Hyoscyamus albus, L.
uticus, L

niger,

Hypecoum grandiflorum, Benth.
procumbens, L.

. Hypericum montanum, L.
olympicum, L.

&

14

Hypericum, cont.
orientale, L. var. decussa-
Kunze
perforatum ee
polyphyllum, Boiss.
ch L.

rhodopeum, Friv.
Hypochoeris aetnensis, Benth.
& Hook. f.
glabra, L.

Hyssopus officinalis, L
—var. aristatus, (Jord.).

Iberis amara, L.
pectinata, Boiss.
umbellata,

Impatiens amphorata, Zdgw.
balsamina, L
fulva, Nutt.
Roylei, Walp.
scabrida, DC.

Inearvillea Delavayi, Franch.
variabilis, Batalin

Inula barbata, Wall.
bifrons, L.
DC.

Conyza,
ensifolia, L.
glandulosa, Puschk.
grandiflora, Willd.
er nium, L.

hirt

sokon C. B. Clarke.
Roylei, DC.

salicina, L.
thapsoides, Spreng.
Ionopsidium acaule, Reichh.
Ipomoea purpurea, Lam.
Iris a Sl Baker.
n :

a,
foetidissima, L.

M ieb.).
ar ih E

Isatis glauca, Auch.
tinctoria, L.
Villarsii, Gaud.

Isopyrum fumarioides, L.

Isotoma axillaris, Lindl.

Iva xanthifolia, Nutt.

Jasione montana, L.
perennis, Lam.

Jasonia tuberosa, L.
Juncus alpinus, Vill.
balticus, Willd.

bufonius,
Chamissonis, Kunth.

l
maritimus,
tenuis, Willd.

Jurinea in, Cass.
cyanoides, DC.

Kitaibelia vitifolia, Willd.
Kochia scoparia, Schrad.

Koeleria cristata, Pers.
phleoides, Pers.

Lactuca brevirostris, Champ.
muralis, E. Mey.
perennis,

Plumieri, Gren. & Godr.

virosa, L.
Lagenaria vulgaris, Ser.
Lallemantia canescens, Fisch. &
5 bein: Fisch. & Mey.
peltata, Fisch. & Mey.
Lamarckia aurea, Moench.
Lapsana communis, L.

Laserpitium hispidum, Bieb.
latifolium, L.

15

Lasiospermum radiatum,

Lathraea Squamaria, LZ.

Lathyrus angulatus, L.
annuus, L.

articulatus, L.

macrorr hizus, Wi m m.

palustris, L.
‘undo Willd.
» L.

violaceus, Greene.

avatera cachemiriana, Cambess.
LI d LI n
thuringiaca, L.
trimestris, L.

Layia ae Torr. & Gray.
platyglossa, 4. Gray.

Lens esculenta, Moench.

eene asperrimus, Boiss.
nane
xum
Brake, Hort. Kew
hastilis, L.

Leontopodium alpinum, Cass.

Leonurus Cardiaca, L.
sibiricus, L.

Lepidium Draba, L.
min nifolium, L.
incisum, Roth.

Lepidium, cont.
latifolium, L.
Menziesii, DC.
nebr rodense, Guss.
sativum, L.

Leptosyne Douglas DC.
maritima, A. Gray.

Lepturus cylindricus, Trin.
Leucojum vernum, L.
Leuzea conifera, DC.
Levisticum officinale, Koch.
Liatris spicata, Willd.

Ligusticum alatum, Spreng.
pyrenai

Koch
Thomsoni, C. B. Clarke.

Limnanthes alba, Hartw.
rosea, Hartwg.

Linaria albifrons, Spreng.
alpina

hirta, Moen
maroccana, Hook, f.

a, Mill.
anticaria, Boiss. & Reut.

minor, Desf.
multipunctata, Hoffmgg. d
Link.

peloponnesiaca, Boiss.
He en

purpurea, L.
reticulata, D

&

esf.
xatilis, Hoffmgg. & Link.

Sparten, Hoffmgg. & Link.
striata, DC

triormithoptures itn Ud.

vulgaris, Mill.

Lindelophia spectabilis, Lehm.

Linum angustifolium, Huds.
gran

16

Loasa vulcanica, Andre.

Lobelia cardinalis, L.

triquetra, L.

Lolium multiflorum, Lam.
perenne, L.
temulentum, L.

Lonas inodora, Gaertn.
Lopezia coronata, Andr.

Lotus corniculatus, Z.
edulis, L.
eee gies, In
siliquosus, L.
"Tottecoüclobhs. L.
Lunaria annua, L.

Lupinus affinis, Agardh.
angustifolius, L.

reno Dougl.

Schuhe Lindl.
pubescens, i
tricolor, Hort.

Luzula maxima, DC.
nivea, DC

Lychnis chalcedonica, L.
Coeli-rosea, Back.

Githago, Scop.
haageana, Lemaire.
cae,

00
pyrenaica, Berger.
Viscaria, L.

ndi :
monogynum, Forst.
narbonense, L rsicum esculentum, Mill,
nervosum, Waldst. & Kit. > E: mut
usitatissimum, L. Lycopus europaeus, L.

Lycurus phleoides, H. B. & K.

Lythrum hy ssopifolia, L.
Salicaria, LZ.

Madia elegans, D. Don.
sativa, Molina.

Malcolmia flexuosa, Sibth.
maritima, R. Br.

Malva Alcea, L.

crispa,
Duriaei, Hort. Kew.
moschata, L.

oxyloba, Boiss.
parviflora, L.
rotundifolia, L.
sylvestris, Z.
Malvastrum limense, Ball.

Mandragora officinarum, L.

Marrubium astracanicum, Jacq.
b.

pannonicum, Reich

Matricaria glabra, Ball.
inodora, L.

Tehihatchewii, Hort. Kew.

ons m e Br.

te napi R. Br.
tristis, R. Br.

Mazus rugosus, Lour.

Meconopsis heterophylla, Benth.

Medicago apiculata, Willd.
falcata, L,
ispida, Gaertn.
littoralis, Rhode.

maculata, Sibth
marina,

minima, i

Murex, Willd.

ro age a AN,

a, Di

eMe rd AI.

tuberculata, Willd.

turbinata, Willd.
Melica altissima, L.

ciliata, L.

— var, Magnoli, (Gren. &
Godr.).

8391

17

Melica, cont.
glauca, F. Schultz var.
nebrodensis, (Par/.).
nutans, L.
uniflora, Retz.
Melilotus alba, Desr.
officinalis, Lam.

Mentha sylvestris, L.
viridis, L.

Mercurialis annua, L.
Mesembryanthemum pomeridi-
um, L.
pyropeum, Haw.
Meum Athamanticum, Jacg.
Mibora verna, Beauv.
Microseris attenuata, Greene.
Mimulus cardinalis, Dougl.
luteus, L.
moschatus, Dougt,

Mirabilis divaricata, Lowe.

Jalapa, L.
longiflora, L.
Modiola multifida, Moench.
Molopospermum cicutarium,
DC.

Momordica Charantia, L.

Monolepis trifida, Schrad.

Moricandia arvensis, DC.

Moscharia pinnatifida. Ruiz &
Pav.

Muehlenbergia mexicana, Trin.

sylvatica, Torr. & Gray.
Willdenovii, Trin,
Muscari Argaei, Hi

armeniacum, ake
atlanticum, Boiss. fi Reut,

neglectum,
szovitsianum, Baar

B

Myosotis arvensis, Zan.
palustris, Lam.
sylvatica, Hoffm.

Myosurus minimus, L.
Myriactis nepalensis, Less.
Myrrhis odorata. Scop.

Nemesia floribunda, Lehm.
pubescens, Benth.
versicolor, Æ. Mey.

Nemophila insignis, Dowg/.
maculata, Benth.
Menziesii, Hook. & Arn.
parviflora, Dougl.

Nepeta azurea, A. Br.
caesarea, Boiss.
Catari

concolor, Boiss. & Heldr.
ecd inde Heldr.
rantha, Fisch.
Tee Spr eng.
Nepetella, L.
da, L

spicata, Benth.
suavis, Stapf.

Nicandra physaloides, Gaertn.

Nicotiana acuminata, Hook.
alata, Link & Otto.
pan Wats.

sdorffii, Schrank.
Br LA
rustica, L.
sylvestris.
Tabacum, Z.

Nigella ee L.
hispa
Be L.
sativa, L.
Nolana prostrata, L.

Nonnea lutea, Reichd.

Nothoscordum fragrans, Kunth.

Oenanthe crocata, L.
visitoinelofi ok L.

Oenothera amoena, Lehm.
berteriana, Spach.
— biennis, L.

IR con
petii Torr. &

ray.
densiflora, Lindi.
dentata, Cav.

tetraptera, Cav
Williamsoni, S. Wats.

Omphalodes linifolia, Moench.
Onobrychis sativa, Lam.
Ononis arvensis, £L.
rotundifolia, L.
spinosa, L.

Onopordon Acanthium, 7.
illyricum, Z.

Opoponax Chironium, Koch.
Orchis foliosa, Soland.
atifoli

maculata, L.
Origanum vulgare, L.
Ornithogalum arcuatum, Stev.

exscapum, Tenore.

fimbriatum, Willd.
nutans,
Ornithopus perpusillus, Z.
sativus, Brot.
Orobanche elatior, Sutt,

Hederae, Duby.

minor, Sutt.

ramosa,

Oryzopsis multiflora, Benth. &
Hook. f.

Oxybaphus nyctagineus, Sweet.
Oxytropis ochroleuca, Bunge.

1
Paeonia Emodi, Wall.
Broteri, Boiss.
Browni, Dougl.
Palaua dissecta, Benth.

Pallenis spinosa, Cass.

Panicum bulbosum, HD. c K.
L

virgatum,

9
| PON. e$
aber, Purs
glaucus, Gra. var. steno-
sepalus, A. Gray.
humilis, Nutt
laevigatus, Soland. var.
Digitalus, A. Gray.
Menziesii, Hook
at l

ovatus, Dougl.

pubescens, Soland.
Perezia multiflora, Less.
Petunia nyctaginiflora, Juss.

Peucedanum aegopodioides,
Vi

a

Papaver aculeatum, Thunb.
apulum, Tenore.
arenarium, Bieb.
Argemone. L
dubium, Z.

glaucum, Boiss. d Hausskn. |
|
|
|
|

— var. Eruckeaktım ‚(Lindl.).
pavoninum, Mey.
pilosum, Sibth. & Sm.

Rhoeas, L.
— var. latifolium, Prain.
rupifragum, Boiss. & Reut.
— var. atlanticum, Bail.
somniferum, L.
Parietaria officinalis, L.

Parnassia I Wall.
palustris, L.

Patrinia villosa, Juss.
rupestris, Bunge.

Peganum Harmala, L.
Peltaria alliacea, Jacq.

Pennisetum macrourum, Prin.
typhoideum, Rich.

Pentstemon azureus, Benth.
bar oth.

coriaceum, Zteichb. f.
raveolens, Benth.

Seine

sativum, Bah & Hook. f.
Schottii, eke

Sowa, Kur

Copy tit vipa toll nm
mpanularia, A. G7
Meeta A. Gray.
loasaefolia, FMT:

Parryi, Tor
tanacetifolia Benth.
viscida,

Whitlavia, de Gray.

Phaenosperma globosa, Munro.

Phalaris um ge L.
intermedia, Bor.
s =
tuberosa, E

Phaseolus oc Willd.
ricciardianus, e,
tuberosus, Fo
vulgaris, L

Phleum asperum, Jacq
Boehmeri, Wibel.
pratense, Z.

Phlomis agraria, Bunge.
setigera, Falc.
tuberosa, L.
umbrosa, Turcz.
viscosa, Poir.

Phygelius capensis, E. Mey.
B2

20
Physalis Alkekengi, L.
ncheti, Mast,
peruviana,
Physochlaina orientalis, G. Don.
Physostegia virginiana, Benth.
Phyteuma canescens, Waldst. &
Halleri, All.
Scheuchzeri, All
scorzonerifolium, Vill.
spicatum, L.
Phytolacca acinosa, Roxb.
decandra, L.
Picridium tingitanum, Desf.
Picris echioides, L.
hieracioides, L.
pauciflora, Willd.
Pimpinella gracilis, Benth.
Hook. f. ;
magna, L.
Pisum arvense, L.
elatius, Bieb.
sativum,
Plantago arenaria, Waldst.
Kit:
Candollei, Rafin.

virginica, L.

Din,

v

Platystemon californicus, Benth.

,A.DC.

M

Pleurospermum angelicoides,
Benth.

Plumbago micrantha, Ledeb.

Poa abyssinica, Jacq.
alpina, L.
caesia a, Sm
caespitosa, “Forst.
Chaixii, V? =
nemo ralia
nevadensis, “Vase y.

violacea, Bell.

Podolepis acuminata, R. Br.

Podophyllum Emodi, Wall.

Polemonium caeruleum, Z.
flavum, Greene.
ua Baker.
mexicanum, Cerv
pauciflorum, S. Wats.
reptans,

Polycarpaea latifolia, Poir.

Polygonatum biflorum, ÆU.
verticillatum, A/l,

Polygonum Bistorta, L.

caria,
Weyrichii, F. Schmidt.

Polypogon maritimus, Willd.
monspeliensis, Desf.

Portulaca grandiflora, Hook.

Potentilla alchemilloides,

Lapeyr.

alpestris, Hall. f.

argentea, L.

— var. calabra, (Tenore).

arguta, Pursh.

argyrophylla, Wall.

aurea, L.

calycina, Boiss. & Bal.
chinensis, Ser.

mmasii, Tenor
glandulosa, Lindl.

Potentilla, cont.

montenegrina, Pantoc.
Wight.

PD Ramon
recta, £L.

— var. laciniata.

— var. ee

rivalis, Nun. var.
is ats.

rupestris, L.

mig 0. F. + m.

pt i nda Hort

sericea, L.

Sibbaldi, Hall. f.
tanacetifolia, Willd.
tridentata, UM.
Visianii

wran spel ee Fisch. & Mey.

Poterium alpinum, Hort.Kew.
cinale; A. Gray
Sanguisorba, L.

Pratia angulata, Hook. f.
Preslia cervina, Fresen.

Primula denticulata, Sm.
i.

ose yle.

Ben al, A. Gray.
verticillata, Forsk.
vulgaris, Hi ids.

— var. coerulea.

Prunella grandiflora, Jacq.
— var. laciniata, Hort.
vulgaris, L.

Psoralea macrostachya, DC.
physodes, Hook.

mille-

Pulicaria dysenterica, Gaertn.
vulgaris, Gaertn.

Pyenanthemum lanceolatum,
Pursh.

Queria hispanica, L.

Ramondia pyrenaica, Rich.

Ranunculus acris, L.
brutius, Tenore.

Chius, DC.
Cymbalaria, Pursh.

lanuginosus, L.
Lingua, L
muricatus, L.
parviflorus, L.
sardous, Crantz.
trilobus, Desf.

Raphanus maritimus, Sm.
sativus, L.

Rapistrum rugosum, Berger.

Reseda alba, L.
g L

eo Boiu. & Reut.
Rhagadiolus stellatus, Gaertn.

Rheum collinianum, Baill.

vebbianiti; Royle.
Richardsonia pilosa, HB. EK.
Ricinus communis, Z.

Roemeria hybrida, DC.

Rubia cordifolia, L,
peregrina,
tinctorum, E

Rudbeckia AS eia, Vahl.
igitata,

hirta. E
laciniata, L.
speciosa, Wender.
Rumex alpinus, L.
biformis, Lange.
buc cephalophorus, d
\ ee LI Murr
erispus
maxim us, ‘Sch reb.
nepalensis, Spreng.

scutatus, L.
vesicarius, L.

Ruta graveolens, L.

— sole Fen
r pilifera, "Reneh,

Sagittaria sagittifolia, Z.
Salsola Kali, L. var. Tragus,
Nym.

Salvia argentea, L.
Beckeri, Trautv.

r. bracteis RUN
interrupta, eee
japonica,
nubicola, Wall.

officinalis, L.
pratensis, L.
regeliana, Trautv.
schiedeana, Stapf.
Sclarea, L.

sylvestris, L.
Miet ELS Vahl.
rati

verticillata, L.
viscosa, Jacq.

Sambucus Ebulus, L.
Samolus Valerandi, L.

Saponaria orientalis. L.
officinalis, L.
Vaccaria, L.

Saracha Jaltomata, Schlecht.
“aneres. albemenn Hook. f. &

discolor, DO.
aximo wiezii, Herd.
Yakla, C. B: Clarke.

xor regm Aizoon
— var. Ga Sr b (Bruegg.)
— var. incrusta

— var. hirta.
cartilaginea, Willd.
cernua
siehe Reichb.
Cotyledon

var.

E eyr.).
MR Vest.
decipiens, Zhrh. var.
Steinmanni, (Tausch).
erosa, Pursh.

pyramidalis,

Geum, L.
granu ulata, L.
Hostii, Tau u
— var. altissima, (Kern.).
— var. macnabiana, Hort.
hypnoides, L.
mers ta, Bell.
ar. lantoscana, (Boiss. &
= aS
mertensiana, Bongard.
poltat Torr. & Gray.
rotundifolia, .

furcata, S

Saxifragra, cont.
umbrosa,
— var. gracilis.

Scabiosa arvensis, L.
atropurpurea, L.
australis, Wulf.
banatica, Waldst. d Kit.

isetensis,
RTS Lo "nat.
longifolia, Waldst. & Kit.
macedonica, Vis.

i L

Pterocephala, L.
suecisa, L.
triniaefolia, Frivald.
ucranica, L.

vestina, Face.

Scandix Balansae, Reut.

Schizanthus pinnatus, Ruiz 4
Pav.

Schizopetalum Walkeri, Sims.
Schkuhria senecioides, Nees.
Scilla eg L.

bifolia
festalis, "Salisb
hispanica, Mill.

ee L.

sibirica, nk
verna, Hu

Seirpus Eriophorum, Michx.
oe reine Em d
EB

polyphyllus Vahl.

riqueter, L.

Scleranthus annuus, L.

Sclerocarpus uniserialis, Benth.
& Hook. f.

23

—

Scolymus maculatus, 7.
Scopolia lurida, Dun.
Scorpiurus vermiculata, L.

Scorzonera hirsuta, L.
villosa, Scop.

Scrophularia alata, Gilib.
aquatica,
chrysantha, Jaub. & Spach.
odosa, L.

peregrina L.

Scorodonia, L.
sylvatica, "Boiss. & Heldr.
vernalis, L.

Scutellaria albida, Z.

ce
altissima, L
baicalensis, Georgi.
galericulata, L.
scordiifolia, Fisch.

| Securigera Coronilla, Z.

| Sedum Aizoon, L.
| album, L.

t:
— var. atropurpureum.
populifolium, Pall.
p Micha.
roseum,

ruben EL
spathulifolium, Hook.
Telephi
Sapp Se Hook. f. &
Thoms.
Selinum Gmelini, Bray.

Sempervivum arvernense, Lecog

& Lamotte.

Boissieri, Hort.
boutignyanum, Billot &
flagelliforme, Fisch.

mettenianum, Schnittsp.
montanum,

obscurum, Hor t.
Pilosella, Hort.

Sempervivum, cont.
Pome lii

M aM
Ro oyeni
speciosum, ua
bee m, L.

rl Hort.

Verloti, Lamotte.

Senecio adonidifolius, Zoisel.
x

chenopodifolius

Cineraria, DC.

diversifolius, Wall.
L.

japonicus, Sch. Bip.

Kaempferi, DC.

macrophyllus, Bieb.
sis

"OE basis L.
G i, Ledeb.
quinque Bieb.
tinctoria, L.

Sesamum indicum, L.
mer annuum, L.
atum, L.
ee Crantz.
Setaria italica, Beauv.
macrochaeta, Spreng.
verticillata, Beauv
viridis, Beauv.
Sherardia arvensis, L.

Sida Napaea, Cav.

Sidalcea candida, A. Gray.
diploscypha, A. G7 ay.
H

wegii, A. Gray
Mariana, Hort.
. Sideritis scordioides, L.

Siegesbeckia orientalis, L.

Silene alpestris, Jacq.
rmeria
chloraefolia, Sm.
ciliata,
ohiak J ga
colorata, Poir

Fortune

linie cola, C. O. Gmel.
longicilia, Otth.
ede > Ehrh.

a, With.
melandriðides, Mane.
m, Vis.
Masci pali; T
noctiflora, L.

"um Bs

sey E Willd.
Otites, Sim.

wolgensis,
Zawadskii, Her bich.

Silphium perfoliatum, Z.
1p. tar m, Eu.

Silphium, cont.
trifoliatum, L.

— var. ternatum, Retz.
Silybum eburneum, Coss.
Marianum, Gaertn.
Sisymbrium assoanum, Lose. &

Pard.
austriacum, Jac
multifidum, Wi ic.
polyceratium, L.
Sophia,
strictissimum, L.
Thalianum, F. Gay.
Sisyrinchium angustifolium,
Mill.
graminifolium, Lindl.
randiflorum, Lindl.
a, Sm
Sium latifolium, Z.

Smyrnium Olusatrum, L.
rotundifolium, Mill.

Solanum etuberosum, Lindl.
nigrum, L.
villosum, Willd.
Solenanthes lanatus, A.DC.
Solidago canadensis, L.
Drummondi, Torr. & Gray.
elliptica, Ait.

Sonchus ee L.
palustris, L.

Sorghum vulgare, Pers.

Sparganium simplex, Huds.

Spartina polystachya, Willd.

Specularia en A.DC.
Aus nd =

penta
Dertoliaia, a DC.
Speculum, A.DC.

Spergula arvensis, L.

Sphaeralcea rivularis, Torr.

= Spilanthes Acmella, Murr.

&

25

Spinacea oleracea, L.

Spiraea Aruncus, L.
Filipendula, L.
Ulmaria, L.

Stachys alpina, L
— var. intermedia.

grandiflora, Benth.
graeca, Boiss & Heldr.

sylvatica, L.

are ae Lestib.
s, (Fuss.

ximia, Sch renk.
era Desf.

imon
ittis Bire:
mas L.

peciosa, L.
crisi Hort.
Suworowi, Regel.

Stevia Eupatoria, Willd.
serrata, Cav.

Stipa Aristella, L.
arundin

nacea, Benth.
Cafamiigrostin, Wahlenb.
capillata,
papposa, Nees.
nnata, L.
sibirica, er .
gpartea,

viridula, Tri in.
Swertia Hookeri, C. B. Clarke.
perenni

| Symphytum peregrinum, Ledeb

Synthyris reniformis, Benth.

Syrenia sessilifolia, Ledeb.

Tagetes er L.
Lemmoni, A. Gray.
a is

Tamus communis, Z.

Tanacetum vulgare, L.

Taraxacum gymnanthum, DC.

Teesdalia nudicaulis, Br.
Telephium Imperati, Z.
Tellima grandiflora, R. Br.

Tetragonia crystallina, Z’Herit.

expansa, Murr.

Teucrium Arduini, L.
Botrys, L.
canadense,
Chamaedrys, I.

Scorodonia, L.

Thalictrum angustifolium, L.

m,
glaucum, Desf.
minus,

—var. ‘collinum, (Wallr.)

— var. elatum, (Jacg.).

—- var. flexuosum, (Bor nh.).
—var. pubescens, (Schleich. »
rasce

|
|
|
|

ns,

- (Geor; 1

gi).
oratum, Gren. & Godr.

squarrosum, Stephan.

Thelesperma filifolium,A. Gray.

Thermopsis caroliniana, M. A.
Curtis.

Thladiantha dubia, Bunge.

Thlaspi arvense, L.
perfoliatum, L.

Tinantia fugax, Scheidw.

Tolmiea Menziesii, Torr.
Gray.

Tolpis barbata, Gaertn.
Trachymene pilosa, Sm.

ae major, L.
pratensis, L.

Tragus racemosus, Hall.

Tribulus terrestris, L.

Tricholepis furcata, DC.

Tridax trilobata, Hems/.

Trifolium agrarium, L.
a L.

angustifolium, L
armenium, Willd.

arvense, L.
ee Boiss.
clypea

m, b:
di E Ehrh.
iforme, L.

maritimum, Huds.

medium, Z.
multistriatum, Koch.
pannonicum,

Perreymondi, ` Gren.
od.

um |
squarrosum, Z.
stellatum, L *
striatum,

suffocatum, L. -
tridentatum, Lindl.

4

Triglochin maritimum, L.
palustre, L.
Trigonella corniculata, L.
caerulea, Ser.
cretica, Boiss
Fo oenum-graccum, L.
nn Bois
olycerata a
eg Lindl.
Trillium grandiflorum, Salisb.

Tripteris cheiranthifolia,
Schultz.

Trisetum flavescens, Beauv.
Triticum Aegilops, Beauv.
Spelta, L.
violaceum, Hornem.
vulgare, Vill
Tritonia Pottsii, Benth.
Tropaeolum aduncum, Sn.
majus, L.
minus, L.
nn chilense, Benth. d

grandina, A. Ww
laciniatum, 4.

Tunica olympica, Boiss.
prolifera, Scop.
Saxifraga, Scop.

Typha angustifolia, L.
latifolia,
stenophylla, Fisch. & Mey.

Uniola latifolia, Micha.
Urospermum picroides, Desf.
Ursinia pulchra, N. E. Br.
Urtica pilulifera, L.
— var. balearica, (L.).
thunbergiana, Sieb. & Zuce.
ern! officinalis,

exaltata, riran).
sambucifolia,

21

Valerianella carinata, Loisel.
co

Poll.

vesicaria, Moench.
Velezia rigida, L,
Vella annua, L.
Venidium perfoliatum, Less.
Veratrum nigrum, L.
Verbascum Lychnitis, is

nigrum.

olympicum, Boiss.

ee Bieb

phlomoides, L.
irerkakten, Vill.

Verbena angustifolia, Michz.
Au

urticifolia, L.
Verbesina helianthoides, Michx.
TT Bidwillii, Hook. f.
glauca, pc ^ Sm.

longifolia, L.
officinalis, L.
orientalis, Mill.

virginica, L.
— var. Spon: (Steud.)

noa pd Dorth.
ropurpurea, Desf.
ta, Desf.
Cracca, D.
n Agra DC.

a
— var. equina,

and. *
fulgens, B
gigantea, Hooi

graminea, sai

Vicia, ae
hirs a, S. F. Gray.

lut i
melanops, a & Sm.
Orobus

pyrenaica, Tiar
a, L.

Mee L.
juga, A. Vat
idibus Roth.

Vincetoxicum
Reichb.
nigrum, Mo ench.
officinale, Moench.

fuscatum,

Viola cornuta, L.

odo p

palustris, L.

pitono Mert. & Koch.
striata, Ait.

syrtica, Sünd.
tricolor, L.

Volutarella Lippii, Cass.
muricata, Benth. & Hook. f.

Wahlenbergia gracilis, A. DC.
Kitaibelii, A. DC.
lobelioides, Link.

Waitzia aurea, Steetz.

Xanthisma texanum, DC.

Xanthium roe aa Ae DC.
spino

Wine e L.

Xanthocephalum gymnospe
moides, Benth. & Hook. P

Xeranthemum annuum, L.
Zaluzianskya capensis, Walp.
Zauschneria californica, Presi.
Zea Mays, L.

Zinnia haageana, Regel.
Ziziphora tenuior, L.

Zygadenus elegans, Pursh.

TREES

Acer campestre, L.
— var. aetnense.
— var. collina, Wallr.
cireinatum, Pur

cissifolium, K. Koch.
coriaceum, Tausch.
hyrcanum Fisch. & Mey

insigne, Boiss. & Buhse.
japonicum, Thunbg.
Lobelii, Tenore
macrophyllum,

— var. violaceum.
opulifolium, Vil.
— var. ee

AND

SHRUBS.

Acer, cont.
pennsylvanicum, L.
unb.

noides,
Pseudo- Platanus, L.
var. purpnreum.
tatarioun, L.
— var. Gi nnala.

Ailanthus glandulosa, Desf.
Alnus cordifolia, Tenore.
lutinosa, in.

g utin
incana, Wil lld.

japonica, Sieb. & Zuce.
maritima, Mucha

Alnus, cont.

serrulata, Willd.
subco ordata, C. A. Mey.
viridis, DC.

Amelanchier alnifolia, Nutz.
canadensis, Torr. & Gray.
vulgaris, Moench.

Amorpha canescens, Nutt.
fruticosa, L.

Andromeda polifolia, Z.

Aplopappus ericoides, DC.

Aralia chinensis, L. var. cane-
eim spinosa, L.

Aucuba japonica, Thunb.

Berberis aetnensis, Presl.

Sa,
Aquifolium, Pur

sh.
— var. fascicularis, Nichols.

— var. murrayana, Hort.

sinensis, Desf.
Thunbergi, DC.
virescens, Hook. f.
vu

garis,
€ r. foliis purpureis.
wallichiaitl DC,

Betula ra L.
pubescens, Loud.
corylifolia, Regel & Maxim.
ica, Pall

Ermani, Cham.
fruticosa, Pall.

— var. — tinm
humilis, Schrenk.

lenta E

Betula, cont.
papyrifera, Ma; "sh.
dide i Marsh.
ila, L. var. Va ovem
ulmifolia, ps & Zuce
utilis, D. D»;

Bruckenthalia spiculifolia,
Reichb.

Buddleia intermedia, Carr.

japonica, Hemsl.
variabilis, Hemsl.

Buxus sempervirens, L.

— var. latifolia.

— var. prostrata.
Calluna vulgaris, Salisb.
Calophaca wolgarica, Fisch.
Calycanthus occidentalis, Hook.

& Arn,
Caragana arborescens, Lam.
Redowskii

aurantiaca, Koehne.
brevispina, Royle.

frutescens, D
disiro piia. Lam.
pygmaea, DC.

Carmichaelia australis, R. Br.
Carpinus eo L.

ar.
car Bim "Walt.
orientalis, Mill.

Cassandra calyculata, D. Don.

Cassinia fulvida, Hook. f.
leptophylla, Hort.

Ceanothus americanus, L.
Arnoldi t

integerrimus, Hk. & Arn.

papillosus, Torr. & Gray.
Celastrus articulatus, Thunb.

reir tese deem is, L
urnefortii, Lam.

Cistus corbariensis, Pourr.
hi L

villosus, L,

Cladrastis amurensis, Benth.
— var. Buergeri.

Clematis aethusifolia, Turcz.
alpina, Mill.
campaniflora, Brot.

Uurcz
Hendersonii, en
lanuginosa,
montana
orientalis
Pi

mn
tcheri, Torr. & Gray. var.

lasiostylis.

Vitalba, L.

Viticella, L. var. alba.

— var. rubra.
Clethra acuminata, Mich.

alnifolia, L.

— var. Michauxii.
Colutea arborescens, L.

cruenta, Ait.

melanocalyx, Boiss.
Conyza ivaefolia, Less.

Coriaria japonica, A. Gray.
terminalis, Hemsl.

Cornue alba, L.
alternifolia, b f.
Am

ill.

Baileyi, ‘Coult. & Evans.

candidissima, Marsh.

glabrata, Benth.

Mas, L.

pubescens, Nutt.

sanguinea, L.

stolonifera, Michx.
Coronilla Emerus, L.
Cotoneaster acuminata, Lindi,

Lindl.

buxifolia, Wall.

30

Cotoneaster, cont.
frigida, Wall.
horizontalis, Decne.

mier seer Wall.
Numm ee iens & Mey.

pannosa, Fra
rotundifolia, Wall.
Simonsii, Baker.
thymifolia, Baker.

Crataegus ambigua, Becker.
Azarolus,
Carrierei, Vauvel.
chlorosarca, Mazim.
coccinea,
—var. macracantha, Dudley.
cordata, Att.
Orus-Galli, ; 6

r. splendens, Lodd.

Donglasi Lindl.

| flava, Ait
| heterophylla, Fluegg.
hiemalis, Lange

— anguinea.
oxyacanthoides, Tharill.
— var. fructu luteo.
pentagyna, Kit.
pinnatifida, Bunge.
punctata, Jacq.
acantha, Pers.
Arians uti.
sanguinea, Pall.
D ica
sorbifolia, Lange.
tanacetifolia, Pers.
mentosa, L.
uniflora, Muenchh.
viridi ;

Capana sees ee x Urr.
katensis, Lamb
och.

Cytisus albus, L
biflorus, L’Herit.
capitatus, Jacq.

ou, cont.
frivaldskyanus, Degen,

. sulphureus.
sessilifolius, L.

Daboécia polifolia, D. Don.
Daphne Mezereum, L.
Desmodium viridiflorum, Beck.
Deutzia crenata, Sieb. & Zuce.

Diervilla hortensis, S. & Z.
sessilifolia, Buckl.
— var. splendens.
Dorycnium suffruticosum, Vill.

` Eeeremocarpus scaber, Ruiz d
edem angustifolia, L.
arg .

umbellata, Thunb.

Erica cinerea, L.
diterranea, L.

Escallonia exoniensis, Hort.
punetata,

Euonymus europaeus, L.
latifolius, Scop.
nanus, Bie

Exochorda Alberti, Regel.

Fraxinus nigra, Marsh.
Ornus, L.

Gaultheria procumbens, L.
Shallon, Pursh. :

al

Genista aethnensis, DC.

hispanica, L.
pilosa, L.
radiata, Scop.

sagittalis, L.

tinctoria, L. var. elatior.
virgata,

Halesia corymbosa, Nichols.
tetraptera

Haliraodendron argenteum, DC.

Hedera Helix, L.

Hedysarum multijugum
Maxim.

er "n Dunal

sum, Dun
halimifolium, Will.

tabile.
— VAT. ` rhodanthum.

Hippophaé rhamnoides, Z.

pubescens,
radiata, Walt.

Hypericum Androsaemum, L.
Ascyron, L.
aureum, dg

calycinum,
densiflorum, ete.
Ait

idet. ae

Ilex Aquifolium, L.
decidu a
glabra, A. Gray.

paca, Ait
verticillata, A. Gray.
— var. fructu luteo.

Indigofera gerardiana, Wall.
hebepetala, Benth.

Jamesia americana, Torr. &
Gray.

Jasminum fruticans, L.
humile, L.

Juniperus chinensis, L.
com 18, L.
excelsa, Bieb.
Sabina, L.
sphaerica, Lindl.

zn en L.
= var. ide

glau it.
latifolia. L.

Laburnum alpinum, J. S. Presi.

— var. biferum, Hort.
vulgare, J. S. Presl.
Larix europaea, DC.
leptolepis, Endl.
— var. murrayana.

Ledum latifolium, Ait.
palustre, L.

Lespedeza bicolor, Turcz.

Leucothoe Catesbaei, A. Gray.
racemosa, A. Gray.

Leycesteria formosa, Wall.
Ligustrum Ibota, Sieb.
sinense, Lour.
vul ;
Lindera Benzoin, Blume,
Liriodendron tulipifera, L.
Lonicera alpigena

kh
angustifolia, Wall.
Caprifolium, L.

Lonicera, cont.
chrysantha, Turez.
depressa, ida
glauca,
japonica, Thun b.
Morrowii, A. Gray.

: a.
segreziensis, Lavall.
Sullivantii, A. Gray.
syringantha, Maxim.
tatarica,

Xylosteum, L.

Lupinus arboreus, L.

Lyonia paniculata, Nutt.

Magnolia soulangeana, Hort.
tripetala, L.

Menispermum canadense, L.

Microglossa albescens, C. B.
Clarke.

Morus nigra, L.

Myrica carolinensis, Miller.
Gale, L.

Myricaria germanica, Desv.

Neillia — Benth. €

f.
opulifolia, a. & Hook. f.

Torreyi, S. Wat
Notospartium d
Hook. f.

Olearia Haastii, Hook. f.
macrodonta, baker.
Ononis aragonensis, Asso,
fruticosa,
rotundifolia, L.
Pernettya mucronata, Gaudich.
Petteria ramentacea, Presl.
Philadelphus acuminatus,
La

nge.
coronarius, L.

Philadelphus, cont.
— var. tom

FK. & Thoms.
gordonianus, Lindl.
grandiflorus, Willd.

Satsumi, Siebold.
Pieris mariana, Benth. & Hook.

Pinus Cembra, L.
monticola, Dowg/.
Peuke, Gri

ponderosa, Dougl.

Thunbergii, Parl.

Piptanthus nepalensis, Sweet.

Platanus acerifolia, Willd.
occidentalis,
orientalis, L.

Populus deltoidea, Marsh.
igra, L.
Sieboldii, Miq.
Potentilla fruticosa, L.
salesoviana, Steph.

Prunus acida, Borkh. var. sem-

Puddum, Roxb.
serotina, Ehrh.
Ptelea trifoliata, L.
Pyrus alpina, Willd.
ican C.
arbutifolia, L.
etn L.
Boiss.
Aucuparia, Gaertn.
ta, L.
botulsetilie: Bunge.
canescens, Spach.
3891

mentosus, Hook.

33

Pyrus, cont.
comm

lobata, Nichols.
longipes, Coss. & Durieu.

Ringo, Maxim
rotundifolia, Bechst.

spuria, :
Toringo, Sieb.
— er L.
angustifolius.
E nAi Eschsch.
catharticus,
crenata, Sieb. & Zuce.
Frangula,
emend Boiss.
purshianus, DC

Hi zo kecihum;
k. f.

ies e L.
flavum, G. Don.
Fortunei, Lindl.
mene E Lodd.
ponticum, L.

— var. cheitanthifoliam.
— — lancifolium.
punctatum, Andr.

Rhodotypus kerrioides, Sieb. &
Luce.

Rhus Cotinus, L.

gla AE
— var. laciniata, Carr.

=o

Rhus, cont.
Osbeckii, DC.
Toxicodendron, L.
typhina

Ribes cue L.

r. pumilum, Hort.

canes, Pursh.

— var. aurantiacum minus,
Hort.

— var. tenuiflorum, Torr.

Dougl.
divaricatum, Dougl.
fasciculatum, Sieb. & Zucc.
Grossula
alifar, Waldst. & Kit.

— var. Schlechtendalii.
sanguineum, Pursh.
saxatile, Pall.

Robinia neo-mexicana, A. Gray.
= Pseudaeacia, L.
viscosa, Vent.
Rosa acicularis, Lindl.
agrestis, Savi.
ba, 5

alpina

— var. pyrenaica, Gouan.
arkansana,
beggeriana, Schr enk.

hibernica, Sm.

humilis, Marsh.

— var. triloba.

involuta, Sm. var. Wilsoni,

aker.
Jundzilli, Besser.
lutea, Mill.

Rosa, con
inacrophylla, 7 Lindi.
Malyi, Ker

spinosa: Fx
altaica
var. . hispida, Baker.
aby Ton. Desv.

v irginiana, Mill.

ar. grandiflora.
bb, Wall.
wichuraiana, Crépin.

Rubus affinis, Weine & Nees.
balfourianus, Blow.
Bellardii, Weihe.
biflorus, Buch.-Ham.
caesius, PX
Colemani, Blox.
corylifolius, Sim.

Herde dt. Jona.
dumetorum, Weihe & Nees.

Don

fuscus, Weihe * Nees.
Sea

eri, Weihe & Nees.
hy vim Weihe d: Nees.
Idaeus, da
Koehleri, Weihe.
laciniatus, Willd.
leucodermis, Dougl.
leucostachys, Sn.
lindleyanus, Lees.
longithyrsiger, Lee B
macrophyllus, Weihe é

Nees ci

Bd. Mio M Pest

Rubus, co
ebd Focke.
Godr.

kanus, Mor.

parvifo us, L.
ramosus,

s, A
PA Weihe = Nees.
thyrsoideus, Wim
vade e Schott.

eucocarpus.
Yilliauli Koehl.
villosus, Ai 14
Exito Epl, Franch.

Ruta graveolens, L.

Salix A Ehrh.
apre
cinerea-repens, Willd.
myrtilloi
—- var.
derss.

Tee Lh An-

bra, Huds.

Smithiana, Willd.
Sambucus canadensis, L.

glauca, Nutt.

melanocarpa, A. Gray.

nigra,

racemosa, L.

— var. serratifolia.
Smilax rotundifolia, L.
Spartium junceum, L.

Spiraea betulifolia, Pall.
racteata, Zabel.

expansa, Wall

35

Spiraea, cont.
japonica, L. f.
— var. glabrata, Nichols.
Wall.

tomentosa, L.
Staphylea colchica, Stev.
pinnata, L.
trifolia, L.
Symphoricarpus oa Dippel.
mollis, Nutt. var. ciliatus,
itt.
wie Lt
emosus, Michx
Modius. A. Gray UR
Symplocos crataegoides, Buch-
Ham.

rap“ nn Wall,
rosea, Cornu.

piede, Decne.
Josikaea, ods
vulgaris,

Tamarix tetrandra, Pall.

Taxus baccata, L
cuspidata, Sieb. & Zucc.
Thuja gigantea, Nutt.
occidentalis, L.
— var. Dicksoni.
orientalis, L.

Tilia (e tab
ata,
platyphyllos, Se =
vulgaris, Hayne.

Ulex europaeus, L.
nanus, Forst.

Ulmus campestris, L.

Vaccinium corymbosum, L
— var. amoenum, A. Gray.

ery rpum, Miche.
ovatum, Pursh.

36

Veronica Traversii, Hk. f. Vitis een Micha
s, Ruprecht.
Viburnum acerifolium, L. heterophylla, T. hunb.
burejaeticum, Regel & inconstans, R
Labrusca
d y riparia a, Mi =
dentatum, L. serianaefolia, Maxim.
due. Thunb. vinifera, L.
Lantana, L. — var. laciniosa.
molle, Michz.
Opulus, L. Widdringtonia Whytei, Rendle.
prunifolium, L.
Tinus, L. Zenobia speciosa, D. Don.
stellulatum, Wall. — var. pulverulenta.

ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

BULLETIN

OF

MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION.

APPENDIX II.—1900.

NEW GARDEN PLANTS OF THE YEAR 1899.

The number of garden plants annually described in botanical
and horticultural publications, both English and foreign, is now
80 considerable that it has been thought desirable to publish a
complete list of them in the Kew Bulletin each year. The
owing list comprises all the new introductions recorded during

9. These lists are indispensable to the maintenance of a

cultivation at this establishment, many of which will be distri-
uted from it in the regular course of exchange with other
botanic gardens.

The present list rper ie not only plants brought into cultivation
for the first time during 1899, but the most noteworthy of those
which have been rodhirodnobd after being lost from cultivation.
Other plants included in the list may have been in gardens
several years, but either were not described or their names had
not been authenticated until recently.

In addition to rites: and well-marked varieties, hybrids,
whether introduced or of garden origin, have been included
where they have Dub: described with formal botanical names.
Mere cultural forms of well-known garden plants are omitted
for obvious reasons.

In every case the plant is cited under its published name,
although some of the names are doubtfully correct. Where,
however, a correction has appeared desirable, this is made,

The name of the person in whose A the plant was first
noticed or described is given where known

5340—1375—3/1900 Wt81 D&S 29 A

38

An asterisk is prefixed to all those plants of which examples

are in cultivation at Kew

The publications from which this list is compiled, Aso the

abbreviations used

B. M.— Botanical Magazine.

Toscana di Ortieultura. G
. C.—Gardeners' Chronicle
World. Jard e Ja

r — Kew. L.—Linden

ste los
Review. R.
culture Belge. Späth Cat.—

S. H.—la
Garten-Zeitung.

to indicate them,
Mus. Paris.—Bulletin du Muséum d'Histoire natur

E
ctia. Pari
—Bulletino o de ella R. Sociotà

are as follow

rdin. Journ.de Bot.—Journal de Botanique.
Journ. Bot.—J ond of Botany. J. of

Journal de la Société nationale d'horticulture
K. B. —Bulletin = er, Information, Roya

H.—Journal of Horti-

at.—Lemoine, Cata-

D. d. Mikkeilungen dez Deutschen Dendrologischen
M. K.—Monatsschrift für — B.
—Notizblatt des Königl. botanischen Garten
Berlin. N. G. M.—Dr. Neubert’s Garten- ee
H.—Revue Horticole.

; i
. B. —Revue de l'Horti-

R.
. Spath, General Nursery Catalogue.
Semaine Horticole. W.

G.—Wiener Illustrirte

The ees in the Se ans of the plants are:
—Greenhou

diam.— Diam
A. Halt herd,

Avon Sawitzii. Ut C. 1899, ins
Malvacez. “A p
foley plant, the iain baia Ps
and white." (Lord Leigh.)

Acer monspessulanum Bieder-
m

and speckled with gold.

mann, Ostpriegnitz, Germ
Acineta colossea. i^ R. 1899, 169.)
Orchidacex. 8. lants distri-
buted under this nase xt Me ssrs. F.
Sander Co. are iden with
s. A Aryana, K eet I iss iS
1882, xviii,

*Esculus rubicunda ne
let Ange Cat. xe 104, 73.)
Sapi H. Leaf, flower-stalks
ont yong i shoots dark bro

flowers deeper in colour than the t type.
(L. Spüth, Berlin.)

..(@. C. 1899,
8. A

glaucous green colour b
with creamy white. (Kew.)

r. ft.—Foot or Fee
eae ind

use. H.—Har
E ove.

i gp aperte. Con d. 10;
s pude tator p"
flowers. yria and
Armenia. (Max Leiohilin, Baden
Baden.)

iun — fa a % 7654.) Cupu-

e Alder from

Werten Winsines, pond ovate-acumi-

nate bright green leaves 4 or 5 in.
long. (Kew.)

aie nomasini, (6. 142 m xxvi.
30.) An ies

in, vem at the See
gradually narrowed point,
the vasi am clothed uk “rad-tipped

gree
r Flower-
spike branched 18 in high? ; flow

dull red, an inch long. idet ar

(Kew.)

GA. 1899 t.
za 4 * Vir-

Ampelopsis eem
in shade

1462.) wm

ginian
develops a poer Pha
ine ; it differs also, Prod
Virginian its

ereeper, in
leaves

NUM IR) Im e: Coe ou

l
aon ‘a. Späth, Berlin.)

rg blanda cypriana, See

99; lv, 280; 1717280) 1243.)
ra la 2 form, the
flowers of which are white on th
pper surface - e beneath
[The plant r this name is

A. blanda toythiniea ne Gard. 1899,
` Ivi, 366.] (Divers.)

^ zip li uem (o. R. E

$5 ZEV, f.

Debido . A gar aded hybria

between A. sesquipedale and A. super-
bum. (J. Veitch & Sons.)

1899,
green

ns $6. (I. = a
Orch Lea
eds Bises. with bots E fight

yellowish-green on eac of the
midrib. (F, Bender EU}
utr Siesmayeri. (Jard.

cies with brown-
ish eve self-coloured leaves. San-

sinuous silvery-white lines.

Sander & Co.)

* Anthurium a ce. C. 1899,
xxvi, 58. rden
hybrid M. n A, craifoliun >
A, pe pecene (M. vansay
Angers,)

Anharinm Rigoutsi. (S. H. 1899,
57.) A garden hybrid between
A erftalinum and A. írilobum.
Pam Ghent.)
Anubias nana. (y. B. ue iam
S. A dwarf-grow
with the habit of ^ Chasse ibo.
Cameroons, (Berlin B. G.)

Aralia Lowe.
a (@. ee)

habit, with pinnate dark een leaves,"
(H. Low & Co,) i

*Arundo Donax macro
nid xxvi 95. G
5840

39

N: en larger in all its parts
ae tesa glaucous, 2} in.
rer.)

i (A. Wi
— Datschi. gg, 1899,
33.) Compos H A wi te

AR ee recommended as
late autumn and winter wet r

a cool house
*Aster — ale C. 1899,
xxv, 330 20. much-

branched ae about 2 ok high, with

numerous flowers. e rays are pale

lilac, while the disk-florets are yellow.
orth-western China. (

*Aster Piccolii. (2. M.t. 7669.) H.
A stout ety plant, growing from
2 to 3 ft. high. Tl LT pene
flower-heads, which
diameter, are numerous d o Dh

bosely arranged. Northern ‘China,

(Kew.)

Begonia ry ed B. gemmata,
erum issima. Gantt Cat.
1899, 18.) oniaceae. Three
hybrids between B. decora Ber varieties
f escri
vem names, (F. Sander & Co.)

— hemsleyana. RC
species wi a anand y
es borne on short erect

un sinensis. (B. M. t. 7673.)
llied to B. eransiana, but smaller

stalks 2 in. long, pi
Japan. (Kew.)

NORMA venosa. (B. M. 1899, t.
657.) S. A new species with stout

eio mer (R. H. 1899,
UM,

evergreen (Jardin Thuret, Antibes.)

A2

*Berlandiera tomentosa. (B. M.
7680.) Composite. G. A slender Oe

T - heads
across, S. Uni ited States. eu) n

Bi — P g tern (af.
1899, t. S. A
garden hybrid Lun ar ser and

C?) B. vitatta, (Utrecht B.G.)
Me verint ue C. 1899, xxvi,
12.) llidace en

hybai rid RS B. ge and
B. bulliana. (Kew.)

oS en (e C. 1899, xxvi,
09.) Seedlings of
this were oai plant,
peeuliar to Pio Let te Australia, have

been raised i Royal Botanie Gar-
den, Edinburgh.
errs oe en Cat. 1899,
18.) Aracex. to be a hybri id
between “C. RN a ee and
C. albomaculata,” s hi chardias.
(F. Sander & Co.)

Campanula Mayi. (4. 0.1
126, f. rex H.H. Apparently the
result of a cross between C. isophylla

and C. Ber (H. B. May.)

—

gorge Ce ok n 1899,
lvi, t growing
pig 1 fe high vi. smi doublé blue

Cattleya erge” E H. 1899, 69.)
den hybrid between
posses Js. rem P] Gigas. (C.

Nar. Brunoy, France.)

om latin. (G. C. 1899, xxvi,
478.) A mae: hybrid between
C. sohi lleriana

pae mic (C. L. x. Ingram.)

pr ree — unda H.1899, $9)
A garde mies n C. Tria

s C. no (C. Mare. tind
France,

Cattleya gaskellisas formosa. (@. c
1899, xxvi, 17.)
with a faint flush »* rose ; lip emai
yellow tinged with rose. u, Veitch &
Sons.)

Cattleya a stein J. H. F.
1899, 940.) G. A garden hybrid between

Cattleya Schraedere and C, pues
Leopoldi. (Dallemagne & Co., Ram
bouillet, Seine-et-Aise.)

Cattleya harrisoniana alba. (0.
R. 1899, 252.) G. A variety with pure
white flowers. (Rev. F. Paynter).

—: rien din ds H. 1899, 76.)
d between C law-

oe wer iacta ear Ernesti.

Cattleya MN prtetvaliangs.
HI 24.1899, HE
dee between the plans A o rer
by the nam , Brunoy,
France.)

ein, Jab T lilacina. (Z. 1899,
with lilac-coloured
Sopas ana ‘petals, lip deep purple
"Horticulture

ee BE Brüssel )

Vr mollis. (0. R. 1899, 286.)
arden hybrid between C. superba
y č een jai (Sir F. Wigan.)

ORTE Mossi® sar ene (4.
99, xxvi, 17.) A Larabee

ote white form, ids

variety known as W: agneri, but with

a pencilling of rose on the lip. (Sir
T. Lawrence.)

(6. Maron, Treue» Seine-et-Ai "T
—
CL.

bright th i tip margin
white. (L’Horticole

eng n

63.) A f rm with
rw

Coloniale,

— weedoniensis. (0. R.1899,

S. A garden hybrid ween

C Pendoli and C. granulosa.
Thornton.)

Ora ais ork, 1899, lv, 393.)
crophula A dwarf species

e yellow flowers ng p
axils of the leaves, Pelopon-

nesus, (A. K. Bulley.)

Centaurea wi HA (Gf. 1899,

>. Composi ian hy-

gg C.
ee (Herb ys > Walle, Naples)

rs Marie. (er. 1899, 23.)
arden hybrid between C. pur-
und C. me (Herb &

Walle, maples 3

*Ceropegia pores (Sand. Cat.
1899, 2 aa agers æ. S. A free
owering clim rapid growth ;

owers in clusters, pate green |
with dull red. (F. Sander & Co.)

Tur Wercklei. (G. €. 1899, xxvi,
12.) See Hidalgoa Wercklei.

germ rd qus zd 1899, 278.)

labrous climb-

em re or ait iu with long-

stalked cordate-ob 2 E leaves with

long acuminate apices. ameroons,
B. G.)

(Berlin

rige miniata citrina. (G. C. 1899,
v, 228 ; ard. 1899, lvi, 338, t. 1246.)
natural variety,
resembling a ng form of the in
xcept as colour of

*Cornus alba flaviramea. (Späth
Cat, No. 104, 85.) Co

rnacea.
form with br o greenish-yellow
k. erica
Cornus aprem = (Jard. 1899,
309.) H. es with

opposite, lanceolate-ovate,
above, glaucous be:
ish-blue. China. (Paris B. G-)

*Cornus Hessei.
A small species
habit, ed to C.tatarica.
(H. Hesse, Weener, gree

(6/1.1899,840.) H.
. dwa mpact

Cornus Purpusi.
H. The old twi

(GA. 1899, 338.)
have reenish-

comes neares
bores of Lake Rrio tadt t B.G.)
mexicana x Purshia
(M. D. G. 1899, 99.)
A na gem hehe found
elevation

. (Darms

*Cowania
pen.

eed ween "roll ao
on Morey Peak, Manin co.
Darmstadt.)

dracon yee Dardarı. UE A
1899, 403.) Rosaceæ. A graft
M rid between the Ei um and the

Mos) thorn. (Simon-Louis
Pisos, "Metz

41

Crategus DE S pao
(Späth Cat. No, 104, 89.) A form
with the leaves marbled ith white

and tender rose colour. (L. Spath,
Berlin.)
Cra rabegas Oxyacantha inermis.

UR At art dtd Be A. poer
common trito thori
Cn a Prod Orleans.)

from
Oo: (Berlin

rn codec ne 1899,
Cycadacez. only

2
born — lps
1899, lv, 414.) Primulace».
new = ith Lem erg un-
l , silver-zoned a 3

flowers are bright pale rose in

colour. Lebanon.

rm Me = Ur g M. 1899,
form with

pnis Sy a on ere as turning to
white when expanded.
LFróbel, Zurich.

Cydonia Maulei atrosanguinea.

CN. 6. M.1899, 138.) H. Differs from

he type in its blood-red coloured
medish (Fröbel, Zurich.)

*Cyd Sar a Le Cat.
Cy sin X ge x m t
red flow

Cymbidium gammieanum. (G. C.
1899, xxvi, 409.) G. wr new species,
escribed and figured in Ann. Bot.
Gard. Caleutta, viii, t. 257. It has the
habit of C. giganteum, but the flower
spike is more lax . xps
smaller. segmen!
long, tawny yellow, gt vag pem
spotted with purple. Himalaya. (F.
fonder & Co.) i

Cymbidium Sparkesii. al. R.
o ai iab
dd ER. duum Jas pe the li
broadly margined with purple round
a ela disc.” (J. Sparkes.)

*Cyperus fertilis. (@. C. 1898, xxiv,

Calabar,

Cypripedium Angele. (J. H. F.
1899, $55). Orchidacew. Sie gar-
den hyb rid be e: um e
C. Sallieri. rapie] (Cap

et fils, Vésinet, Seine-et-O

barbato - diis

. Lumsden.)
Cypripedium cerner Choteke.
e sie : iae . A form with light
[ Paphiopedilum.]

CL Hordedla Colonials Brussels.)

Cypripedium He vider
1899, 291. S. a
between E,

harrisianum.

J, Keeling.)

(0. R.
[ Páphiopedilum.] (A.

Cypripedium brunnianum. (J. H. F.
Hina T . A garden hybrid be-
een C. num and €. Bozallii.
Paphiopedilum (Cardoso, Paris.)

Cypri icm — CB. = 1899,
510.) ween
C. na Thari ees rthii.
Lupi opeliin: * Duval et fils, Ver-

Cypripedium elmireanum. (R. H.
dens 5107" 8. epe)
n C Charlesworthii and C. ins

[Pay hiberna: (Duval et fils, Fer.
sailles s.)

pripedium Sheep (Garten-
s m. vid f. 2 A garden
= um I C.

xmi M Paphiopedilum.]

ten um gillianum. (0. 2.1
v ) 8. A garden hybrid be ome
C. Bozallii atratum and C, leeanum

rcd f Paphiopedilum]

-

TERNI. | Haumonti. Gr
B) garden hybrid be a
: diane and (? gene ec
(Paphiope "- n "t E) (L’Horticol e Colo-
e, Bru
me ne
(J. F. 189 ai S. A garden
rrisianı ^ and
[ Paphiopedilum, 1
(Opi, Palais du Luxembourg

et fils,

oE Su (R. H.1899,278.)

arden hybrid between C. cham-

AS rd. im and C. leeanum. EE io-
pedilum.] (R. Lebaudy, Fran

ype puni eur
1899
C. C. Bows
bu m.

(0. R:

M den hybrid between

ii atra and C. nitens ET,

C Paphtopedidue. ] (C. Parker.)

Cypripediam. ara ur. (Garten-
welt 1899, 8. rarden
hybrid i ias an and
C. icit (^ Paphiopedilum. ]

Cypripedium er en Curtisi.
(S. H. EN 504.) S. A garden vo
betwee: e ies indi by

agi Lion] (Mrs. joo

U.S

Cypr mtm er Amer
welt 1 RAUS 2.) S. gu

hybri nd

villosum. e Paphiopedilu n. 1
Cypripedium sampaianum, (J.

F. 1899, 44. > er add

betwee: Chan

Je 28 i
C. Sallieri Hyemmum. [ Paphiopedilum. ]
(Cardoso, Pari
E, asa), inition (0. R
= A garden hybri rid,
pp ty be een C. cien
and C ‘othe Kitaka Vh
C, Mahlere. n SER "Capt.
Law Schoficl

Sr emis — ere. 1899,
rden d between C.

Salieri i and C. yide, 1 ePaphiopedi-
lum.] (Cappe et fils, Vésinet, France.)

Lyn Var uu iSt. B.1899,
H. the com-

ei Cock’s-foot (D. ` glomerata) but
iff der spike! lets,

as in
y, &c. (Berlin B.

Davallia Dga A C. 1899, xxvi,
17) A hands ome fern
with Pls ek fronds, 3 ft. by
e y cut and

very dark brown." (J. Veitch & Sons.)

*Davallia intermedia. ce. C. 1899,
Veitch Cat. 1899 A
between D. mooreana
(J. Veitch & Sons.)

a hybrid
and D. decora.

Delphinium reger macran-
thum. (Gar 1899, Jri, 92 Ran-
uncula pow t y4 to 5 x ide

high, wit

distan. (Max | Lelohtlin, Baden aden. Y

i fe Berkeley. (d R. 1899,
6.) . A garden hy-
brid be ud je "oun D. war
dianum, Otkan [^ne s e )

nm a. tota (O.R.

89.) den hybrid

boten the d indiosted in the
name. (J. Veitch & Sons.)

Dendrobium — M (0. R
1899, A gar n hybrid
between D Sch, er; D. splen-

didissimum grandiflorum. (W. P.

Burkinshaw.)

Dendrobium Hollrungii sosirii-

ense. (Journ. Bot. 1899, 339.) S
flowers of this are one-third aber
than in the type, dead-w ya aga
with greer. en G. Beto.

pestrotium icc uut G. C. 1899,
491, Lon

xxvi, own
by the a y mphia under
Latouria spectabilis, but only now
in into cultivation. It

ed

resembles D. wae “ph yllum, but is
aed in all piri sA whilst the
flowers are 3 in. oss, the sub-
equal — ee wavy, and
eurled, yellow with purple lines;
lip with erect side lobes an elonga
wavy front lobe, white veined with

urple New Salata! (F. Sander
& Co.)

Dendrobium thompsonianum. (0.2
99.) S. A gard en hybrid between
D: nobile Cypheri and D. cheltenham-
(W. Thompson.)

CMM RE. e ^. B. 1899,
ear D.

275.) Cru B digi-
tata, but differing from oe sepa i in
having sessile leaves at the base of the
inflo and in rhizome
scales, (Berlin B.G.)

2 Denisia RN. qe
(Lemoine Cat. ix.) Saxifra

(Lemoine, Nancy.)

*Deutzia gracilis campanulata.
eg Cat. No. 143, u A garden
hybrid between D. cilis (seed
bearer) and D. ues: eh:

(Lemoine, Nancy.)

*Dianthus BIA igi T 1899, xxvi,
A species

& var
authorities. Eastern Europe. (Kew.)
Bierville Wagneri.

€ LER. po t.
461.) © eg H.

arden
hyb rid D. florida Bi D.
Middendor E. (F. Wagner, Tuk-
kum, Russia).
ur ego Agreed «Gr. 1899,
cadac

y
es = which thescales of the Mosis
cone are more roughly woolly than in
the type. (Rathke und brea Dante; )

*Dorstenia eng Mos M. t
Urt spec

thick margin giving off tor
aninch long. Somaliland. (Cambridge
B. G.)

i elegans. (G. C. 1899, xxv. 3,
1) OCrucifere species
AO dis ing D. br uniefolia.
Taurus.

Cilician
(W. Siehe, Mersina.)

Draba pan Xs n ge oe ü
A plant 2
labro

lea and spikes of golden s dm

Nove. Levant. (W. Siehe, Mersina).

pees Mw UE Em
7, £.)
Gmi, Aes n with s 15 to

an inch wide, gracefully
(J. Veitch & Sons.)

ng,

edu green

ME cro dee urueev d 6.
1899, xxvi 17.)

Veitch & Sons.

US ATUM (B. x k

ead, 3 in. ac olden
yellow flowers. King George's ouis.
( ew.

—— — AH. B.1899,
intr oduced

Matto Grosso, Brazil, (Berlin B. G.)
Echinocactus grahlianus. (X. B.
1899, ie G. Allied to E. pees
Lem. and E. gracillimus, Lem.
uay. Haage junr., Erfurt.)
Echinops giganteus.
hohe È f CAR Composite.
een Æ. spiel and
Td , Nordhausen,

A Gartenwelt,
A garden

Epidendrum Berkeleyi. 1899,

135.) Orchidacex. $. A garden hy-
brid between E. stamfordianum and Æ.
o’brienianum. (General Berkeley.)

EE Burtoni. (0. R. 2 99,
7%.) .B rden hybrid betw
E. Raine E.

)

an [miei
(F. M. Burton.

— aive g (0. S: tes
is ragra
c duae Lindl. (Fol. Dich, Fpi-
dend. 39) for which the above name is

e.

red
lines on the lip. Guatemala. (Edin-
burgh B. G.)

Epidendrum elegantissimum. (2.

H. 1899, 218.) G. A garden hybrid

een Wallisii and E. Endresii.
(Lesueur, Boulogne.)

*Epilobium obcordatum. Pris
7641.) O H. dcn
perennial 6 to 8 in. high, with h opposite

eaves an
coloured flowers. California CH.
Selfe Leonard.)

*Epipactis gants. (B. M.t. 7690)
Orchidaceæ. m tall, stout an
leafy. iud s d pink Mv

are borne loosely on a glabrous raceme.

Western orth America and Temperate

44

an u. >. ES e 1899, ei
ith

racem
n fo = ot getan flowers
addis and leaves each 5 or 6 in
long. Queensland. (J. Sparkes.)

"Eri enia Veget mer es 1899; lv,
0) U A small

ers
leaves. North America. (Kew

pie ER ieu CG. C. 189

4.) A
owers 3 in. across, “ bell-s
Sir E cA nce.)

*Eucommia ulmoides. pem

rendus Aca Paris, e , 558.
Trochodendr á ious
deciduous shrub with stalked leaves

(fone plantarum, tt.
ina. (Vilmorin, Paris

*Evodia ing are: Cat. 1899,
n Aralia-like

om meh ie dinde habit ;
with thin smooth petioles an nd
a trifoliate blade, the divisions es

w Gaines “CF.
Renda &

chs de sylvatica foliis argenteo-

atis. on h Cat. No, 104,
Siete lifere. H. A form wi
the ge foliage speckled and | wicked
h white. (L. Späth, Berlin.)

*Fouquieria columnaris. (@. C. 1899.
Tamaricacex.

mall. Mexico. (Kew.
Galtonia princeps X candicans.
e C. 1899, xxvi, 188.) Liliace®. G.
A garde n hybri ween the two
species i indi cated. (Cambridge R.G.)

a besar chon (B. M.t
ec

o smallest
Mee md ‘of ses
shortly ind pepe , pink, solitary, bon
Ves. aya an
Weste rn China. (Hon, Charles Ellis.)

Eee 1899, 442,
A prostr ate
erennial wi rp ee pedes s and pale
yellow ct ern Natal. (C. Spren-
ger, Naples.)

ms =
Com

“nt evs garni T (B. M. t.
5.) . A low-
growing

with gel qp Chili. (Kew.)
Habothamnus — Sone
A She 142 pint rid
n H. fas Sauer and H x Now
al, peoga eatru ms CV. Lemoine
& Sons, Nancy.)

pases panie

vi, Amaryllidaceæ. G.

ey ' ite yere plant, with

globose bulbs 1 in. long, narrow linear

leaves preceded by Dus yellow wen
inch wide. Montevideo. (Kew.)

(G. C. 1899,
A

beera. Natalni. ge C. 1899,
osit A n

m size of those giganteus.
ocky Mountains, eg E (Rev. C.
Wolley Dod.)

Con rer e C. 1899, xxv,

65.) Scitam Allied to H.
ns A. B. T rn App. ii. m.
but less robust ar “the variegation of
the leaves marbled instead of re gute a
Neither plant belon, as genu
Heliconia, sep pee. peor "deer their
presen Bi con-
venience. ‘New alien, (F. Sander
& Co.)

Feiner, Kei ken (B. M. t. 7684.)
mposit®. G. E with

A new ies

Fen climbing s sup t
tendril-like petioles of the bi-pinnati-
fid bri e smooth ves ;
d Ferd of a singl
in range scarlet

da
with a a brash.like tuft of ye yellow disc-
(Kew.) x

flowers. Costa Rica.
Hoffmannia phænicopoda. 2
1889, 296.) Rubiacex. S. A speci with
te n

inconspicuous Centr America ?
B. G.)

(Berlin
Mem here i (e. C. 1899, xxvi,
marylli S. Described

w species f Brazil, with
iudi ib ft. long, 2 3 tn wile: scape

45

in
8in. long, with nar
orsley).

. high, bearing two flowers, each
rrow white segments.

Hinete rte
1899, 4
Rema = te dor js — Costus,
i ong; flowers white,

bie
llidacez.

or more, perianth segments 2 > long,
iaa pm tip [? H. moritzi-
ana.] Ven

TT. 1123 4*3

filaments are very stout and wi
the base, forming an irregular cup
a ing as if torn. Brazil (A.
Worsley.)

Ban sparansiyana. PA
1899,665.) P S. adr =
plant a Bolg w in the list of new
plants for 1898 under Geonoma
ynertiana.

X no (B. M. t

the rose-purple flowers are in
erect racemes. West China.

ns eee d d ated
18.)

the stan
ke the falls od brown
(Max Leichtlin, Baden Baden.)

Iris sindjarensis > X persica. (G. C.

ded xxv, 226.) H. A garden hybrid

= the above deg with inter-

bs dia c (Van Tubergen
junr., cry

2^ C. 1899, xxvi,

*Iris sofa rana.
j H. A new e Sige a ad
is,

terspe 3
d. prem (Van Tubergen junr.,
Haarlem

— s Strauss ted = lvi, LO

4
B.
5
©

grows a 3 in. u ith narrow
leaves m. - coloured
flowers. Sultanabad, P (Max
Leichtlin, Baden Baden

po ANIMAM. (@. 0.1899, xxv,
species allied T-

caneasica, ‘and z or yo den The
nd three-

stand a
toothed, while the falls: areof a bright,
m a colour an Tubergen junr.
arlem.)

on ek — u^ m = Ani
act

dense growing "var species E y*
ave been introduced from Tibet.
CE. Sander & Co.)

— Bgl ole no
1899, 58.)
ea "Erb bri

(G. C.
iE A

“beren Po assula
&
plans i is patties ‘eagle gensis.
Kickxia =, (N. B. 1899, 353,
1) Apocynac S. A rubber-
producing tree froid West Africa.

*Kleinia "dicet (B. M.

Composit S. A flesby glabrous

plant with vermiform me A, m-
m

heat to 8 i
leafy, pale purplish ; leaves ae eae.
fles 1 2 to 3 in. long, short-
stalked; peduncle terminal, erect,
10 in. . branched above and bear
ing hemispheric heads, 2 in. across, of
bright scarlet flowers. East tropical
Africa. (Kew.)
*Kleinia pendula. (B. M. t. 7659.)
y remarkable plant with

:
serpent ine pes eshy branching stems;
ong, terete, en eg
n. long,
g of. crimson
owers an ine Somaliland
and Arabia,

Ua quite, (Sarg. 1999,
48.) cem.

7 ft. high, thickly ge at
with compara mall white
frati with long ritatis stamens

South Africa. (Max Leichtlin, Baden
Baden.)
Kuhnia a anie f cap.
135.) Com e: ent
with narrow rn eds my- ane
flower-heads. North nate (Dam
mann & Co., Naples.)

HA DENM. Ch. E 1899, 69.)

— S S. n hybrid
Kayana er L.

between
tenebrosa. To! Brunoy, rance.

randis.

46

*

n» dade m LAGARDE Le. (L. 1899,
mediate between the

eh re he candi pag ndalba. (L'Horti-

culture Pri t a AR Brussels.)

jns A, (0. R. 1899, 287.)
arde Vip ig between L. boothi-
"Pes purpu (F. Sander &

an
a

Lelio - e Pd
(0. R. 1899, dacex. G.
tene-
brosa and eya — Warscewiezii.
(H. S. Leon.)
Oe ua Cappei. (0. R.1899,
46.) arden h; rura between
Lelia e ond ina a : scewiezii.
(Cappe et fils, Vésinet, eines Oise.

Lelio-cattleya duvaliana.
u eu

(o 2
A garden hybr
a pui — .. isa 4
Ineddemanntana (C. M , Brunoy,
France.)

Lelio-cattleya Ernesti. m JH. 1899,
42.) d between
Cattle ey Pei Set and iue fiara.
(C. Maron, Brunoy, France.)

uno MORES Gemma. (R.H. 1599,
arden hybrid between
Cutie na seme $ viana and Lelia wan-
thina.

(Duval et fils, Verseilles.)
Lens “eee geben (0. R
3.) hybrid d be-

tween s a T a Lelia tene-
brosa. (C. Maron, Brunoy, France.)

— OE pees (0. H.1
40) G. o be a natural hybrid
intormalen d
to be synonymous
with, eese amanda, (F.W.

à vds Ya

bool hiana. and

XA a (0. R.
85.) den hybrid be-
ev ot yn Jurpurta and L, domini-
ana, (Sir F. Wig
Lelio-cattleya niigi, (0. R.
1899, TT G. A garden hybrid be-
ween Lelia anceps and Cattleya
mc ren (0. O. Wrigley.)

— prvi sca dero e JN

serrated and undula
with strongly marked ihe

on the young leaves, white veins.
The leaves sometimes attain pmo
amen sions.’ New Guinea. (F.San

& Co.)

ud A 33.)

es Behr i
rtulac labrous taitoa

(rarely two-) flowered pounds

oloured, passing
into bright pink in the tips and ihe.
North-western United States. (Kew.)

pde ee ef ae
12.)

and shining lila i (Max L E A
Baden-Baden.)

oe Grefi. Co. 1899, È
spec

60.) chidaceæ
ad allie to L. Kram, Reic hb. b. f.
ut differing mark n the form of

the middle lobe of the lip and in its
larger flowers. "Tropical Africa.

cope Se Beca we d
76.)

A. Se He n p MG D. Ai
Rivoirei eis corallina.
(Parc de la "Tete-d’Or, Lyons.)

uuu seen fe R.1899, 360.)

rden hybrid

Ben Wen X nn neri d ua L. rossiana.
Mrs. J. Ross, Florence.)

"Meconopsis he mod li UE N:

2 leaves are pinnati-
partite, while the orange red ers,
k urple at the base of

the petals, are borne on . slender

peduncles, California, (Kew

ordata. (R. = 1899, 308, t.)
amira H. lobata,
Ce A. t. Maso Marion
(M. Micheli, Geneva »

d M.t 7658.)

*Moræa ee O
Iri 1 es, with a
ans

etch. orange and
South Africa, (Kew

Mulgedium oscalitefolium. (e. C.
1899, xxv, 100.) Compositæ. H. A

perennial with erect stems, 4 to 5 ft-
= of small blue

high, bearing os
flowers. Cauca (H. Correvon,
Geneva.)

*Mussenda — MM Gr AM. t.
7671.) Rubiacex. A small shrub
with wiry branches, ee leaves
24 in. 1 terminal corymb
cymes e 8 like white
flowers. Socotra. (Kew.)

en ade iiy C. —

hybri nd. de ient Me m erba and J.
mastersiana, both of which are hybrids
of garden origin. (J. Veitch & Sons.)

Bw a. to: C. 1899, xxv,
Nym Described

imam small iic vito

stigmas
parted, with yellow or auction
lobes. East Fin

ihe tay on File. G. A E a.
bybri via: 3 ipn not s

DROBIOEIBERN ge _ Craw-
sha O. R. 1899, 253.)
din hybrid between 0. Hallii

ant e s oe lilacinum. (De Barri

andes x ze oe.
1899, 151.) G. hybri
origin not given.

Odontoglossum crispum funam-.
bulum. (7.1899, t.662.) G. A form
with lar u. en red blo tches on sopals,

Odontoglossum crispum tigrinum.
(2.1899, 1899, 651.) G. A form with
large brown Lapo on se and petals.
(L. Linden & Co.)

Odontoglossum eximium. (Jerd
1899, 151.) G. A garden hybrid :
origin not given

ee ge Pen. (Jard
1899, garden hybrid:
nes =;

Odontoglossum harryano-crispum
en ie Mgt aei G. A hy-
ag oy ied
oy the mate. (Sir F. Wigan.)

(Jard.

Odontoglossum hirsutum.
2 garden hybrid:

ped 151.)
gin not give

Odontoglossum magnificens. (Jard.
1899, 151.) G. A garden hybrid: origin
not stated.

Odontoglossum salmoneum. (Jard.
i Su G. A garden hybrid: origin

Odontoglossum sportabile, (0. R.
1899, 135 2 e Ag n hybrid between
and © harryanwm, de-

scribed 1 . erispo-harry-
anum. x. Vorl Ghent.)

Odontoglossum vivicans. (Jard.
1899, 151) G rden hybrid
twee O. harryanum and O. crispum
(C. Vuylsteko, Ghent.)

arae ies re 1899, lvi,
12.) On H. arf plant

rs 3h in. in

(Max Leichtlin, Baden

a dit es ro White fov owers
diameter.
Baden.)

*Olearia pc gu ma (8. C.
Com H. A

solitary heads of white flower cg
Zealand. (J. Veitch & Sons.)

Xem ampliatum SEDI:
R. 1899 S INO Orch S.
Vitter from the type in ‘as Diem
w sony clear citron yellow without
spots. (H. Low & Co.)

Opuntia — M UM A
(Späth Cat. No. 104, 153.)

TE sim growing cd with I sen
— thin bluish grey-green joints
long bri ight brown spines.

Bde, (L. Späth, Berlin.)

— rg erg rosea. (Späth

ii No.104,153.) H. “A small-jointed

arf s spreadi ng form which is pro-

bably a hybrid between O. fragilis m
O. zanthostema.” Colorado. (L. Spa

Opuntia rhodantha brevispina.
zug Cat. No. 104, 153.) H. A fine
red

large-flowe with rather lar,
thick obovate joints, "dark grey-green
ais colour beset with spines which

egere when young. Colorado.
(b. Spüth,: Berlin.)

48

rhodantha
h Cat. No. 104, 153.

flavispina.

pd adis
Spiit H. This

wesen which ung joints are
yellow with a pace point. Colorado.
(L. Spáth, Berlin.)

(Späth Cat.

deci ect
H. dwarf species

n "dt "broadly
whit

rias dul. eng (L. Späth,

Berlin.)

i asi ceu yen ah pm
(Späth Cat. Th

Cida (L. "Späth, Berlin.)
"Panax aureum. (Sand. Cat.
22.) Araliacee. S. The habit is Nike
that of the P. Victoria, but the varie-

f whi
P. fruticosum.
West Indies. (F. Sander & Co 2)

MAE Balfouri. inr. Cat. 1899,
2} elegant plan

with the
habit we T ra qe cin tha orbicular
leaflets blotched m u.

Bere with c eruere
Caledonia. (F. Sander & 0o.)

Papaver radicatum. te, C. 1899,
A small

orm o nudicaule. idi
(H. Correvon, Geneva.)

Paphiopedilum e: 1 R.
1899, ud Orchi a p
m ybrid reti

gp hindi ond

deer ap uec
1899 a een

ER Ein
(A.S. Hi re
rl z

ween yg iar Ud and P. D
issimum. (Baron Ollendorf, Heaven
Hamm.)

nD 1:1 32.42 C 0 R.
- 1899, MB garden hybrid
betwen P. villosum Pai P. cham oer
ianum. (Cappe et fils, Vésinet, Sein
et-Oise.)

Paphiopedilum Richmanii, (0. R.
1899, 13.) A garden hybrid between P.
barbatum and P. bellatulum, previously

ium barbato-bellum.

Merton p (9. €
1899, xxv, 100.

- ad i i Si. Hale ena, ce it pte
on rocky cliffs. It has thi ck fleshy

branched dark-brown stems, ater
ovate-peltate dark-green leaves and

white flowers not unlike those of
P. zonale. (Kew
Phaius doloeyanus. je R.1899, 127.)
chid arden hybrid
be “eon P. ee and P. amabilis.
CF. Sander & Co.)

Phalsnopsis I— (G. €. 1899,
hidacex

vi, 82,) A new
rect anh a roadly o oblong eed
green ibi * foot long and 4 in. wide
peduncle oot or more long,
bearing Pn x: Sonen flowers which
are nearly 2 i ;greenish yellow
with brown ER spots ; lip white, with
pe and yellow markings. Philip-
pines. (F, Denis.)

dorre Wiganiæ. (0. R.1899,
S. supposed hybrid betw ween
P ont e

P. schilleriana.
(H. Low & Co

Phaio-calanthe Ipspereis

1899, 287.) Orchidac
"hybri tween Plates

A olius and Calanthe Masuca. (J.

60. Ri
A a
gra
Tech

Philodendron ] Bohr. iu. B. 1899,

Aracex tately speries
allied to P, bip ae Schott, and
P. Selloum, razil.

B. G.)

.Koch. B (Berlin,

Philodendron pinnatifidum x Wend-
landii. . B. 1899, 390) S. A
garden hybrid. (Berlin,

Plantago uniflora: (e C. 1899, xxv,
100.) H. A small

Mec wi ma d ted on and
inconspicuous udo ers New
Zealand, (H. Correvon, Geneva.)

tufted
with racemes of Phe oaks white
arc

Eco eil ecu (R. H.

Sous. e la Téte-

d'Or, Lyons.)

Pontederia montevidensis. (R. H.
1899, 403.) Pontederiacee. H., A

paged blue-flowered aqua
a for ê
& Schmidt,

Puya thomasiana. & H. 1899, 452,
t.) A tall-grow-
ing species with ehren flowers.
rehe erar "Colombia. (Delahaye et
Dalliére, Tours.)

Pyrethrum "opened
899, xxv "ee

in

(G. C.

H. A
white tose vid 1 greai high,
with deeply par leaves, and ngi heads
of owers. Caucasus. (H.
Correvon, Geneva.)

x ded Conwentzii. (N. B. 1899, 275.)
H. A hybrid between
ae and P. suecica. Pomerania,
(Berlin B. G.)

Ranunculus n Apani: 1899,
lv, 418.) anunculace
ge S. arge did poi
(Max Leichtlin, Baden

Rheum hybridum Florentini. Caf.
1899, 71.) Polygonaceæ A
den hybrid Fra R. collinianum

and R. officina

‘Rhododendron di ka pe (B. 1

right rose-purple flowers

ee — ies was intro-

y Messrs. tch previous to

1885, d t it 'apparenüy bo not been

pr viously r orded as introduced
(Kew.)

*Rhododendron kingianum. (4. c.

1899. 7 xxvi, 306, f. 102) PUTA gn
G. new species, closely allied t
R. ken, (og which it differs E
eaves crowded on

ee modestum. (7. M.
t.7 ;

Himalaya.

*Rhododendron isis ‚ca. €.
1899, xxv, 331.) H.
rowing evergreen

ah ies it a

50

ved onc raceme of from 12 to 2 | femen Bg, peepee =

ulate white flowers. Kan
w.)

China. (Kew

BRIPOPRNTOR NEN.
(M. 2.) A for
R. p v. (H. ^ bel, Gotha,
Germany.)

Bhynohanthus ene o
1899, 38, t. 1464.) Zingiberace
A. Canna-like plant iere a height
of about a foot. Spike few-flowered ;
segments of flower carmine-red
ment broad, white. Burma?
Ribes ren on pe eo.
Cat. No. 119.) Saxifra
Shaik with I ln
wigs and small greenish
fruit small, Black-z6d, acid.
(L. Spáth, "Berlin n.)

pendulous t
- flowers :
Colorado.

Ribes n ie 1899, 338.)
B. g, and nearly
alied to: p» Magn E Doel Colorado.
(L. Späth, Berlin.)

Richardia sofum. is C. 1899
Aracesm. G.

, XXV,
p ant shewn
eeting of the
Royal garde mee: Nonne appeared
to erely a robust form of R.
mela sea eue,

Romanowia —— (J. H. F. 1899,

ed wit
below. Native country not mentioned.
(F. Sander & Co.)

a — — Se R.
1899, 304.) Orchid . S. Desc

resem 'a Rena
leaves fleshy, Hrsg: 7in

n. across. New Guinea. (Kew.)

Saintpaulia ee fag albescens.
A sy d md Beige 2 Gesnerace®.
Ec with ite flowers
ations d with "light blush-
pink. d. Veitch & Sons.)

Saxifraga corbariensis. NU a 1899,
xxv, ite ) Saxifrag: H. A
S

i wee m rcg eranioides.
^ GL. Correvon Genera.)

Cat. 1.)
ee oe hybrid weinen ibo owe speci
nn in the name. (J. Vei

ns.)

*Solanum mm. (E. H. 1899,
495.) Solanac rub with
ovate-acumi Basis obscurely omes deep
green leaves and ro unded ribbed fruit

.in ad. which. und

ripe becoming an in
scarlet West Tropiodl
rica, (Montpelier B. G.)

Sophro-cattleya hardyana.
899, a f. 13.) Orchidace
rden hybrid between Sophronitis
ee and Cattleya Aclandie.
C )

— — (0.
62) G rm of S. Grandifere
met large ful "over of a yello
colour. (Sir T. Lawrence.)

(0. B.
G.

Sorbus Aucuparia dulcis koban.
ne 1899, 271 , f. 1.) Rosae
. À natural

eis Paiste: Ne Aucuparia
moravica |. (Prince Lobkowitz, Eisen-
berg, Bohemia.)

he one cespitosa. = D. G. 1899,
R H. dels D ashe
batted perennial with a
leaves n the short tft
branc P. silky vs both
flowers white, in dense Mercer
spikes. . Rocky Mountains,

Stanhopea Fuerstenbergis. et A

ata. Origin no
Mar Pe re ng aiid, F

Beylidtam ee P uc M., t.
7679.) Stylidiacew. tall rigid

; leaves

y és Gir ees )

red in bud,
when open.

rning to brig
(Fröbel, Zurich 5

zn. =. uif: C. 1899,
, 484,

Sa id to vg
espe ve T.i
T. man

bet;
ignis, but the latter
(F.
Bander & & Co.)

cata wes. more likely.

ne oe = = 1899, seb
cross
wè iem * ideni TER ar Linden
superba. (Duval et fils ‘Versailles, )
Tulipa ises dirty 1899, lvi,
155.)- Lilia species with
leaves of a - ule w ‘green colour and
bright lilac Bou 2 segments of
— ae — e base with a
ght mer iens nin. Syria.
(Mare Micheli, Geneva.)

I pe (0. R. 1899,
02.) S. Stems leafless ;
“San r^ dn. pee ; sepals an ls

ndia. (Sir T

Law

nn Sargenti. (Gf.
41.) = aprifoliac — S A Guelder-
Ro ose v native V. Open
but with reni m flowers an
plish anthers. China.
*Viola vilmoriniana. m H. 1899,
478.) Viola en
for the plant m nad i
of 1898 as V. sljer a, Cariot.

hie atantes. e 2 F. 1899,
064.) Bro

en hy-
brid asc 2 an ut 5 Pelnani,

(Opoix, Jardin a Leeecabouniy Paris.)

Vriesia erage (R. H.
310.) S. arden hybrid : par
not given. am "d fils, Versailles )

and the up of the (€ 1
in bright

Sl

ers ERBEN J. “al x 1899, 524.)

A gar hybri n V. kit-
ta o T. eonferta. Den et fils,
Versai

Vriesia M RUE: 22 H. F. 1899,
5.) æ.

species
wit penus So icem d
uiid. with white. (F. Sande
Co.)

T wii tipi (I. H. F. Sir 930.)
A gar hybrid betw n F. m
Mm na ang V. Rex o (Duy
et fils, Versailles.)

orem ec (R. H. 1899,

310.) arden hybrid between

V. glori seid = V. Rex. (Duval et
fils, Versailles.)

ge Ajax. (Gf. 649,

| t. 1469. Amaryllidace Said

| to be a garden wur "bete ween Z.

candicans and Z. citrina. (C. Sprenger,

f )

| a^ Mare ru — ii. (o. x

899, 46; 9, xxv, 99, f. 40.)

cae oa S à rate He hybrid

of gar origin, the result o

sing Zygopetalum erinitum with Ru

mannia Colleyi. (Linden, Brussels.)

Zygo-colax — 19 £ 1899,
xxvi, 478.) Orchidacex A hybrid
between Zyopetalun UA ehren
and Colax jugos (F. Sander & Co.)

Z (— repite (J. H.
Y 34.) A gard

1899, 1 en hyb brid be

tween Z. ori un and Z. Mackay.
(C. Maron, Brunoy, Seine et- Oise.)

ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

BULLETIN

OF

MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION,

APPENDIX III.—1900.

N O T E.

IN the preface to the Catalogue of the Library of the Royal
Botanic Gardens, which was issued as Volume III. of the
Additional Series of the Kew Bulletin, it was stated that
annual lists of future additions would be published in the
Bulletin.

The present instalment contains the additions made to the
Library by gift or purchase during the year 1899, with the
exception of such current periodicals and annuals as continue
sets already catalogued.

Like the Catalogue, the List is printed on one side of the
page, to allow of its being cut up. It is probable that many
persons and institutions will make the Kew Catalogue the
basis of their own, and will use the lists of additions to supply
printed slips for fresh titles. -

5727—1375—4/1900 Wt81 D&S 29

CATALOGUE OF THE LIBRARY.

Additions received during 1899.

$ 1—GENERAL.

Abercrombie, as — The complete forcing - gardener, etc.
London, 1781.

—— The propagation and botanical arrangements of plants and
trees, etc. London, 1784. 2 vols. 8vo

—— The gardener's pocket journal and daily assistant in the
nom practice of English gardening. Ed. 10. London, 1807.

Abromeit, Johannes. Botanische Ergebnisse der Grönlands-
expedition. See Bibliotheca Botanica, Heft 42. 1897.

Agardh, Jacob Georg. Analecta algologica. v. (Act. Soc. Phys.
Lund, x.) Lundae, 1899. 4to.

Agustin, Miguel. Libro de los secretos de Agricultura, casa de
campo, y pastoril. Traducido de lengua Catalana en Castellano.
Zaragoza, 1625. 8vo.

Alcock, Alfred William. Report on the natural history results of
the Pamir Boundary Commission, with a list of the plants by J. F.
DUTHIE. Calcutta, 1898. fol.

Althof, Ludwig Christoph. See Murray, J. A.
Ambrosi, Francesco. Biography. See Saccardo, P. A. 1898.
the
[Annesley, Hugh, 5th Earl of.] A list of plants hardy in t
garden at Castlewellan, co. Down. [Ed. 3.] 1900. [Dublin ?
1899.]

Arnold, "iret C. G. William NYLANDER.
1899 ?]

Atkinson, George F. Studies and illustrations of Mushrooms. ii.
(Cornell Univ. here Exper. Stat., Bull. n. 168.) Ithaca, 1899. 8vo.
A3

[München,

5727

55

f= Atlases. Bartholomew, J. G. & A. J. Herbertson. Bartholomew's
Physical Atlas. Vol. iii. Atlas of Meteorology, Westminster,
1899. fol.

Bailey, Frederiek Manson. Descriptive catalogue of Queensland
Grasses. (Greater Britain eei Earl's Court, 1899. Queens-
land Court.) London, 1899. 8vo

Bailey, J: F. Notes on some Queensland Orchids. ([Brisbane,
1899 ?] 8vo.

Bailey, Liberty Hyde. The survival of the unlike. New York,
1896. Bvo.

—— Sketch of the Evolution of our native fruits. New York,
1898. 8vo

e E. -book. A monograph of = pruning of
plants as applied to American conditions. Kd. New York,
1899. 8vo. -

Bailliére et Fils, J. B. Bibliographie botanique, v. Paris, 1898.
8vo.

Baldacci Antonio. Considerazioni preliminari sulla fitogeografia
yes Albania settentrionale. (Boll. Soc. Geogr. Ital. 1898.) Roma,
1898. 0.

Balfour, John Hutton. The plants of the Bible. Trees and
shrubs. London, 1857. 8vo.

Ball, John. Hints and notes . . . for travellers in the Alps
being a revision of the en introduction to the * Alpine Guide. E
New edition by W. A. B. COOLIDGE. London, 1899. 8vo

Ballet, Jules. La Guadeloupe Renseignements sur l'Histoire,
la Flore, etc. Tome i. 1-3. Basse-Terre, 1894-96. 8vo.

Baroni, Eugenio. Supplemento generale al *Prodromo della Flora
toscana’ di T. CARUEL. Fasc. ii. & iii. Firenze, 1898-99. 8vo.

Baroni, E. See Mattirolo, O. 1898.

Bartholomaeus Anglieus. Liber de proprietatibus rerum. Im-
pressus per ANTONIUM KOBURGER. Nurenberge, 1483. sm. fol.

Baskerville, Thomas. Affinities of plants: with some observations
upon progressive development. London, 1839. 8vo.

Bassagaiio, ae! Flora médico-farmacéutica abreviada, etc.
Barcelona, 1859.

Bauhin. Johann. De thermis aquisque medicatis Europe præ-
ao Opus succintum atque utiliss. Montisbelgardi, 1660. sm.
to.

56

Beddome, Richard Henry. Shad are to the Ferns of British
India, etc. Calcutta, 1892. 8vo

Bennett, Alfred William. The Flora of the Alps. (Natural
Science, 1899). Edinburgh and London, 1899. 8vo.

Ber engeren, Sven. Musci et Hepaticae spetsbergenses. Bericht-
(Sv. Vet. Akad. Handl. xiii.) Stockholm, 1875. 4to.

Berkhout, A. H. Voordracht over de cada ned der Caout-
chouc- en Getahpertja- -eultuur. (Nederl.-Ind. Maatschap. van
Nijverheid en Landbouw. Verslag, 6 October, 1899.) Amster-
dam, 1899. 3vo

Bertrand, Charles Eugéne. See Hovelacque, M. 1899.

Bertani, nn Nuovo dizionario di botanica. Mantova,
1817-18. 3 vols.

Berthelot, Marcellin. Chimie végétale et agricole. Paris, 1899,
4 vols. 0. -

Bsttfreund, Carlos. Flora Argentina. Recolecciön y descrip-
ción de plantas vivas. Dibujadas del natural y litografiadas por
F. BURMEISTER. Toınoi. Buenos Aires, [1898]. 8vo.

Bettink, H. Wefers. See Greshoff, M.

Bibliotheca Botanica. Herausg. von C. LUERSSEN und B.
FRANK. Stuttgart, 1897-09. 4to.

Heft 42, Botanische Ergebnisse der . . Grónlandsexpe-
dition na ach C. Vanhoeffen's Sammlungen bearbeitet, von J.
ABROMEIT, etc., 1897. Heft 44, Weitere Beiträge zur Moo sflora
von New-Guinea, von A. GEHEEB, 1898 ; Heft 45, Monographia
Roccelleorum, von O. V. DARBISHIRE, 1898 ; Heft 46, Beitrüge
zur anatomischen und guess Han Kenntnis Wasser-secernie-
render Organe, von N MINDEN, 1899; Heft 47, Unter-
suchungen iiber die Kopien vim und Physiologie des
Blüte von Victoria regia, von E. KNOCH, 1899 ; Heft 48, Beitráge
zur Blütenbiologie, von E. FISCH, 1899 ; Heft 49, Ueber die
weiblichen Conceptakeln von Sporolithon, von F. HEYDRICH, 1899.

Bingley, wen me A practical introduction to Botany, etc.
London, 1817. 12m

Bitter, rd Durchbrechungen der unteren Gewebeschicht
verschiedenen Laub- und Strauchflechten. See

bei
Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899.
ackley, William Lewery, & Carl Martin Friedlander. A practical

Blac
dictionary of the German and English languages. — &c., en

896. 8vo.

57 A

Boerlage, F. G. Catalogus plantarum phanerogamarum que in
horto botanico bogoriensi coluntur herbaceis exceptis. Fasc. 1.
Batavie, 1899.

—— Handleiding tot de kennis der Flora van Nederlandsch
Indië. Tweede deel. Tweede stuk. Leiden, 1899. 8vo

Bois, Desiré. See Paillieux, A.

Bolton, Herbert. The Paleontology of the Manx Slates of the
Isle of Man (Mem. & Proc. Manch. Lit. Phil. Soc. xliii.) Man-
chester (1899). 8vo.

Boulay, Abbé. Flore fossile de gu Ms Mars de-Döme). (Ann.
Soc. Sc. Bruxelles, xxiii. yo Paria, 1899.

Bradley, Richard. A complete body of Husbandry, etc.
London, 1727. 8vo

—— — Ten practical discourses concerning earth and water, fire
ada air, as they relate to the growth of plants. Westminster,
1721. 8vo.

Brandis, Sir Dietrich. Indian Forestry. Woking, 1897. 8vo.

Bretschneider, Emil Map of China. St. gks 1896.
Obl. fol. —Supplementary maps i-v. Ib., 1898. obl. fol.

Briquet, John. Les ressources botaniques de Genève (Suisse
Universitaire, 2™ année). Genève, 1897. 12mo.

——— Observations critiques sur les VA tie. actuelles de
espéce végétale, etc. (Fl. Alpes Maritimes, iii. fasc
en, (1899). 8vo.

Britten, James, & George m. Boulger. A re aem
index of "British and lrish botanis First supplement. (Journ
Bot. 1898-99.) London, 1599. :

Breck, Van den. See Hovelacque, M., 1599.

Brotherus, Victor Ferdinand. Contributions to the potins
lora of Southern India. (Records Bot. Surv. Ind. i. n. 12.)
Calcutta, 1899.

Brundin, J. A. Z. Bidrag till Künnedomen om de Svenska
Fanerogama Örternas Skottutveckling och Öfvervintring. Upsala,
8. 8v

Brushfield, T. N. Raleghana. Part ii. (Trans. Devon. Assoc.
Adv. Se. 1898.) [Plymouth, 1898.] 8vo.

Buchenau, Franz. Spornbildung bei .. major.
(Versamml. deutsch. Philol. u. Amber, 45. Festschrift.)
zn 1899. 8vo. |

58

Buchenau, Franz. Die Ulmen im Bremer Walde bei Axstedt.
(Versamml. deutsch. Philol. u. Schulmänner, 45. Festschrift.)
Bremen, 1899. 8vo.

Burchell, William John. Hints on emigration to the Cape of
Good Hope. London, 1819. 8vo.

, R. E. C. Agricultural essays. (Land Agents' Record,
18965. "Bhaftesbüey and London, (1899). 8vo.

Burkill, Isaac Henry. See Gosse, P. H.
Burmeister, F. See Bettfreund, C.

Burt, Edward A. The resistance of plants to parasitic Fungi.
(Trans. Mass. Hort. Soc., 1898.) Boston, 1899.

Burtt, Arthur H. Ueber den Habitus der Coniferen. Tuebingen,
1899. 8vo.

Bussato, Marco. Giardino d'Agricoltura di M. B. da Ravenna.
Venetia, 1612. 8vo.

Butterworth, John. Further research on the structure of
Psaronius, a tree fern of the Coal-Measures. On the leaf-sheath
DE the nodes of some of the Calamites of the Lancashire

1-Measures. en & Proc. Manch. Lit. Phil. Soc. xliii.)
ae (1899). 8vo

Calvel, Etienne. Traite iint sur les Pépiniéres, etc. Ed. 2.
Paris, [c. 1805]. 3 vols.

Candolle, Anne Casimir Pyramus de. Nouvelles recherches sur
les Pipéracé ées. (Mém. Soc. Phys. Gen. xxvii.) Geneve, 1882.
4to

Candolle, Wem, meras Pyramus de. Notice sur les progrés de la
eg Ubi ndant l'année 1832. (Bibl. Univ. Gen.) Genève,
3. 8v

(Carmody, P.] Seedling cane crop of 1899. Report of the
petere Analyst. (Council paper, n. 108, of 1899.) Trinidad,
99. fol

Cato, Marcus Porcius, & Marcus Terentius Varro. De re rustica
libri xii. Lugduni, 1541. 8vo

i Cazzuola, Ferdinando. Dizionario di Botanica. Pisa, 1876.
vo.

Chamberlayne, John. A family herbal, or, the treasure of health.
Ed. 2. London, 1689. 12mo.

China, Map of. See Bretschneider, E.

59

Chodat, Robert. Études de ie Lie et de physiologie
Be faites au Laboratoire de Botanique [de l'Université de
Genève]. i-ii. (Journ. de Bot.xii-xiii.) (Paris, 1898-99.) 8vo.

Clos, Dominique. LAMARCK botaniste. Sa contribution à la
méthode dite naturelle, etc. (Mém. Acad. Sc. Toulouse, 9° série,
viii.) (Toulouse, 1896.) 8vo.

aoe ee Franz, Gummi, Guttapercha und Balata. Leipzig,
1899. 8

Cleve, Astrid. Studier öfver nigra Svenska Växters Groningstid
och Förstärkningsstadium. Upsala, 1898. 8vo

SSR Kan Eg and Christmas Islands. Report for 1898. (Col.
p.—Ann.n. 216.) London, 1899. vo.
Columella, Lucius Junius Moderatus. De re rustica libri xii.
Lugduni, 1541. 8vo

Comes, Orazio. Monographie du genre Nicotiana comprenant
le classement botanique des tabacs industriels. Naples, 1899.
4to.

Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University,
12-17, n.s. 12. FERNALD, M. L. A systematic study
of Pectis, & Some rare and undescribed plants collected by

Dr. EDWARD PALMER, at me tee Mexico; 13. ROBINSON, B. L.
ce of the North "Am n and Mexican use ss Mimosa,
of the North American colnet of Neptunia; 14. GREENMAN,
M on of . Galium and Suüonten, &

Diagnose of Mexican "phan erogams ; 15. FERNALD M.
Eleocharis ovata & Scirpus EPPO 16 & 17. BORD.
MAN. Revision of . $ wis viaa etc.,

& Beleknentärr notes upon Calea, ete. (Proc. Am. 2 Acad.
xxxiii-iv. Proc. Bost. Soc. Nat. Hist. xxix.) Boston, Masi.,
1 ;

897-99.
aeneis from the Shaw School of Botany. 13. SCHRENK,
H. von. A sclerotioid disease of beech roots. (Trans. Acad. St.
Louis, x.) (St. Louis, 1899.) $8vo.
Constantine. See Geoponica.

Conwentz, Hugo Wilhelm. Neue Beobachtungen iiber die Eibe,
besonders in der deutschen Volkskunde. (Danziger Zeitung,
1899.) Danzig, (1899). 8vo

Coolidge, W. A. B. See Ball,J. 1899.
Cornarius, Janus. See Geoponica. :
Correns, Carl Untersuchungen über die Vermehrung der
Laubmoose durch Brutorgane und Stecklinge. Jena, 1899. 8vo.
—— Scheitelwachsthum des Laubmoosstimmchens, |
See Schwendener, 8. Festschrift, 1899, — "t

60
Cowell, John. The curious and profitable Gardener. London,
1730. 8vo.
Curtiss, Allen H. Mrs. Floretta A. CURTISS. A biographical
sketch by her son, A. H. C. Jacksonville, 1899. fol.
: Czullik, August. Wiener Garten im Jahre 1900. Wien, 1891.
ol.

Dalgado, D. G. Flora de Goa e Savantvadi. Lisboa, 1898. Svo.

Dalla Torre, Karl Wilhelm von. Die Alpenflora der öster-
Rn Alpenländer, Südbaierns und der Schweiz. München,
99. 8vo.

Darbishire, Otto Vernon. Monographia Roccelleorum. See
Bibliotheca Botanica, Heft 45. 1898.

Dawson, Sir John iie. David Pearce Penhallow, & rie
Canadian Pleistocene Flora and Fauna. (British Assoc. Adv.
Report, Bristol, 1898.) gene 1898.)

Decombes. L'école du jardin potager. Paris, 1752. 2 vols.
12mo.

De Notaris, Guiseppe. Repertorium Flore Ligusticae. (Mém.
Accad. Tor. lI. viii-ix.) [Taurini, 1846-48.] 4to.

Desbois, F. Cypripedium, Selenipedium & Uropedium. Mono-
graphie, etc. Gand, 1898, 8vo.

De Wildeman, Ém. Prodrome de la Flore algologique des Indes
Néerlandaises. Supplément et tableaux statistiques. Batavia,
1899. Svo.

Icones selectae horti thenensis. Ipae S 2 denm
ayant fleuri dans les collections de M. VAN DEN BOSSC
à Tirlemont. Tomei. Fasc.l. Bruxelles, (1899). on

De ees Em, & — — Contributions á la
Flore du Cong Tome i. Fasc. l. (Ann. Mas. Congo.
Botanique.) Bruxelles, "1899. 4to

Diels, Ludwig. See Bicie, A. 1899.

Doell, Johannes Christoph. Flora des Grossherzogthums Baden.
Carlsruhe, 1857-62. 3 vols. 8vo

Drude, Oscar. ee über die Fortschritte in der pg Pe
der Pflanzen. [1893-97.] (Geogr. Jahrb. xix-xxi.) [Gotha
1899 ?] à
| Duff, Sir Mountstuart "n Grant-. See Warren, J. B. L,
Flora of Cheshire. |

61

Duggar, Benjamin M. Three important fungous diseases of the
sugar beet. (Cornell Univ. Agr. Exper. Stat, Bull. n. 163.)
Ithaca, 1899. 8vo.

Duhamel du Monceau, Henri Louis. La fisica degli alberi in cui
- tratta dell’ anatomia delle piante e dell economia vegetabile
c. 1&2. Venezia, 1774. 2 vols. 4to.

Durand, due rs of us Pittier. oe "ec costaricensis.
[continued by H. IER.] Tom Fasc. 1. Polypetalae
(pars). Fasc. 2. ee re ion J. “Doman SMITH.
(An. Inst. Fisc. -Geogr. Nac. viii.) San José, 1898. 8vo.

Dusén, Per. Ueber die tertiäre Flora der Magellanslánder.
des Ergebn. Schwed. Expl. Magellansl) Stockholm, 1899,
vo.

Duss, (le R. P.). Flore phanérogamique des Antilles francaises.
See Marseille. Institut Colonial. Annales. Vol. iii. 1396

Dussuc, Elie. Les ennemis de la Vigne et les moyens de les
comtala Paris, 1894. 12mo.

Duthie, John Firminger. See Alcock, A. W. 1898.

École du jardin potager. See Decombes.

Edwards, Francis. Catalogue of books relating to Australasia,
Malaysia, Polynesia, etc. London, 1899. 8vo.

[Engler, Adolf. Der Kénigl. botanische Garten und das botan-
ische Museum zu Berlin im Etatsjahr, 1898-99. Halle, 1899.

vo.

— — Die Entwickelung der Pflanzengeographie in den letzten
hundert Jahren und weitere Aufgaben derselben. (Humboldt-
Casto obli des Gesellsch. Erdk. Berlin, 1899.) (Berlin,
1899.) 8vo

—— Beitrige zur Kenntnis der Araceae. ix. (Engl. Bot.
Jahrb., sag Leipzig, 1899. 8vo.

——- Monographieen afrikanischer Pflanzen-Familien und- _
Gattungen. Herausg. von A. B. 1. Moraceae, von A. ENGLER,
Leipzig, 1898, 4to.—2. Melastomaceae, von E. Gira. Ib. 1898.
4to.—3 Combretaceae—Combretum, von A. ENGLER und L. DIELS.
Ib., 1899. 4to.

Engler, Adolf, & Oscar Drude. Die Vegetation der Erde, iii.
Grundzüge der Pflanzenverbreitung in den Kaukasusländern, etc.,
n G. RADDE. Leipzig, 1899. 8vo.

Evans, Maurice 8. See Wood, J. M, & M. pE -
Evelyn, John. See - Mens J. de.
5727

62

Ewing, Peter. The Glasgow catalogue of native and established
plants, etc. Ed. 2. Glasgow, 1899. 8vo.

Falqui, Giuseppe. Contributo alla Flora del Bacino del Liri.
ae Accad. Sc. Napoli, II. ix.) Napoli, 1899. fol. (in

mene Olga A, & Bor A. Materialui dlya Florui
Ufimskoi Ghubernii (ie, Materials for the Flora of the Govern-
oy Daty Moskva, 1894. 8vo.

Msc Marsiglio. Das buoch des lebens Marsilius Ficinus von
Flor zu dem gesunden und langem leben der rechté
en von latin erst nüw zu tütsch gemacht, etc. Colophon :
Gedruckt und vollendet ist diss loblich werck zu ET
dum a. GRÜNINGER off sat Adolffs tag. Imiar, MDXV
sm. fo

sch, Ernst. Beiträge zur Blütenbiologie. See Bibliotheca
rim Heft 48. 1899.

Fisher, William Rogers. Lecture on Forastry given before the
Royal Dublin Society, March 3, 1899. (Econ. Proc. Roy. Dubl.
Bo 1. Dublin, 1892. 8vo

Fliche, Paul. Note sur les bois silicifiés de Ronchamp (Bull.
Soc. Géol. Fr., III. xxv.) Paris, 1897. 8vo.

—— ur un bois de Vigne des ee du Cantal.
(Bnli. es Gol Fr., IIT. xxvii.) Paris, 1899.

Fragoso, Juan. Discursos de las cosas aromaticas, arboles y
frutales, etc. Madrid, 1572. sm. 8vo.

Franchet, Adrien Les Carex de l'Asie Orientale. (Nouv. Arch.
us. Hist. Nat., II. viii.-x.) Paris, 1896-98. dto

Friedlànder, Carl Martin. See Blackley, W. L., & C. M. F.

Fries, Thore Magnus. Bidrag till en Lefnadsteckning öfver
Carl von Linné. vii. Resp. J. H. E. SCHUCK. (Upsala, 1898.)
8vo. —— viii. Ib., 8vo.

—— Caroli Linn®i Hortus Uplandicus med inledning och
fórklaringar. Inbjudningsskrift. Resp. J. A. H. HAMMAR.
(Upsala, 1899.) 8vo.

Fritsch, wrk I Kerner von Marilaun, À. Schedae ad floram
austro-hungaric
Fuenfstueck, Moritz. Die Fettabscheidungen der Kalkflechten.

See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899.

. Gaeta, Giuse Catalogo sistematico delle Conifere esistenti
nel giardino e us parco di me etc. Firenze, 1899. 8vo.

5727. cis s 53.

63

Gardening, or, practical and economical training for the manage-
ment of a school or cottage garden. hese Manuals of
Sate n. 2. Ed. 3.) London, 1850. 12m

Geheeb, Adalbert. Weitere Beitráge zur Moosflora von Neu-
Guinea. See Bibliotheca Botanica, Heft 44. 1898.

Gent. Handelingen van het tweede vlaamsch natuur—en
geneeskundig congres g den te Gent den 28 Augustus 1898.
Gent, 1898. 8vo.

Geoponiea. Constantine IV., surnamed Pogonatus, Emperor of
Constantinople. Constantini Cesaris selectarum prae ea

e agricultura libri viginti, JANO CORNARIO medico physic
interprete, recens in lucem emissi. Venetiis, 1538. 8vo.

Giesenhagen, Karl. Anpassungserscheinungen einiger epiphy-
tischer Farne. See Schwendener, 8. Festschrift. 1899.

Gifford, Isabella. The marine Botanist; an introduction to the
study of the British sea-weeds. Ed. 3. Brighton, 1853.

2 (Gilbert, Samuel] The Florists’ Vade-mecum, etc. [s.a. e. l.].
vo.

Gilg, Ernst. See Thoms, H.
— See Engler, A. 1898,

Glueck, Hugo. Entwurf zu einer vergleichenden Morphologie
der Flechten-Spermogonien. Heidelberg, 1899. 8vo.

Good, Peter P. The family Flora and Materia Medica botanica.
New edition. Cambridge, Mass., (s. a.). 2 vols. 8vo

Goodchild, J. G. See Hodgson, W.

Gosse, Philip Henry. Notes on the a. History of the
Aconcagua Valleys. Botany by I. H. BURKILL. (FitzGerald, E. A.,
The Highest Andes, pp. 338-376.) (Londini), [1899]. 8vo.

Grant-Duff, Sir Mountstuart Elphinstone. See Warren, J. B. L.
Flora of Cheshire

Gravis, Auguste. Recherches anatomiques et pay oionn
sur le Tradescantia virginica, L., etc. (Mém. des Sav. etrang.
publiés par. l'Acad. roy. des Sciences << ug pelyique, 1898.)
Bruxelles, 1898. 4to.

. . Green, Joseph wem The soluble Ferments and Fermentation.
Cambridge, 1899. 8vo

Green, Samuel B. Forestry in Minnesota. Delano, 1898. 8vo.

u Paul. Origine ee des Caoutchoucs et Gutta-
perc Paris & Nanc o ivi a |

64

Greshoff, M. Indische Vergiftrapporten. Met eene duced
van H. WEFERS BETTINK, 1. 'S-Graverhage, 1899. 8vo

Gruess, Johannes. Enzymologie. See Schwendener, 8. Fest-
schrift. 1899.

Guerke, Max. See Richter, K.

Guimpel, Friedrich. Abbildung und EET aller in der
Pharmacopoea borussica aufgefü ührten Gewaechse. Text von
D. F. L. v. SCHLECHTENDAL. Berlin, 1830-1837. 3 vols. 4to.

Guyettant, C. Memento botanique contenant onze mille trois
cents noms T et tous les noms italiens des plantes, etc.

Paris. 1899.

Haberlandt, Gottlieb. Hervorrufung eines neuen Organes bei
Conocephalus ovatus. See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899.

Hallier, Hans Gottfried. Ueber Bombycospermum Presl, eine
Dicotylongattung von bisher noch zweifelhafter Stellung. (Jahrb.
Hamb. Wiss. Anst. 1898.) Hamburg, 1899. 8vo. `

—— 58 SIETE eine neue Section der kl eue etn Rivea.
(Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anst. 1898.) Hamburg, 1899. 8vo

— — Zur Convolvulaceenflora Amerika's. (Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss.
Anst. 1898.) Hamburg, 1899. 8vo

—- Dipteropeltis, eine neue Poraneengattung aus Kamerun.
(Jahrb. Hamb. Wiss. Anst. 1898.) Hamburg, 1899. 8vo.

Hamilton, A. List of the genera and species of New Zealand
D um Wellington, 1899. 8vo

Hammar, J. A. H. See Fries, Th. M.

Hanbury, Frederick Janson, > Edward Shearburn Marshall.
Flora of Kent. London, 1899. 8vo

_ Walter. Essays on Husbandry. Ed. 2. London, 1770.
8vo ;

(Hartless, Amos C.] Notes on the Agriculture of the Darjeeling
District. (Indian Gardening, 1899?) [Calcutta, 1899 ?] 8vo.

Heinig, R. L. Glossary of the botanic terms used in describing
flowering plants. Calcutta, 1899. 8vo.

Heinricher, Emil. Regenerationsfähigkeit . . von Cystopteris.
See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899.

Henslow, Goor Medical works of the fourteenth century, etc.
London, 1899.

Hensman, R. See Johnson, T. 1899.

65
Hereman, Samuel. See Paxton, Sir J.
Héribaud Joseph (le frére). Les Muscinées d'Auvergne. (Mém.

Acad. Sc. Clermont-Ferrand. 2"* ser. Fasc. 4.) Clermont-Ferrand,
1899. 8vo.

Herrera, Gabriel Alonso d'. Agricoltura tratta da diversi antichi
moderni scrittori dal SIG. G. A. D'H. et tradotta di lingua
spagnuola in italiana da MAMBRINO Bonn. Venetia, 1577. 8vo.

Heuzé, Gustave. Les plantes industrielles. Ed. 3. Paris,
1893-95. 4 vols. sm. 8vo.

—— Les plantes alimentaires des pays chauds et des colonies.
Ed. 2. Paris, 1899. 12mo
Heydrich, F. Ueber die weiblichen Conceptakeln von Sporo-
lithon. See Bibliotheca Botanica, Heft 49. 1899.
Hillhouse, William. See Strasburger, E. 1887.
Hitchcock, Albert S. Flora of Kansas. Manhattan, 1899. 8vo.
Hochreutiner, Georges. Une famille de Botanistes—Les Candolle.
(Suisse Universitaire, 1898.) Genéve, 1898. 8vo.
evue de Botanique ue l'année 1898. (Suisse Universi-
8vo

taire, lie. 18995 Genéve, 1899.

Hodgson, William. Flora of Cumberland With an
introductory chapter on the soils of Cumberland, by J. G.
GOODCHILD. Carlisle, 1898.

Hollrung, M. See Jahresbericht. § 3.

Holmes, Edward Morel. Myrrh and Bdellium. (Pharm.
Journ. Nov. 1898.) [London, 1898.] 8vo.

—— The arrangement of herbaria. (Repcrt Mus. Assoc. 1898.)
Blasen and Edinburgh, 1899. $8vo.

—— West Indian sandal wood oil. (Pharm. Journ. Jan. 1899.)

[London, 1899.] 8vo
—— enna Nomenclature. (Pharm. Journ. 1899.) [London,
1899.] 8v

Holtermann, Carl. Pilzbauende Formian: See Mund, 8.
Festschrift. 1899.

Home, Francis. Ler prd de Teen et de la Végétation.
(With Mémoire su le Froment, ned and Mémoire pour
Servir à indiquer Pr plan pour nir & connoitre ce
qui produit le bled noir ded is bleds, etc.) ) Paris, 1761. 8vo.

66

Hovelacque, Maurice. Discours prononcés sur la tombe de M. H.
le 20 Mai 1898. Paroles par C. Ec. BERTRAND, EMM. D
MARGERIE et VAN DEN BR@CK. Son œuvre scientifique. Sa
vie, par C. Ec. BERTRAND. [Paris, 1899.] 4to.

Huie, T H. Further study of en hd apes
in Dro Part ii. (Quart. Journ. Mier. Sc. lii.)
odes, 1899. ] 8vo

Hulth, J. M. Ueber einige Kalktuffe aus Westergótland.
(Bull. Geol. Inst. Upsala, iv.) Upsala, 1899. vo.

Humphrey, — — The Saprolegniacee of the United
States, with no her species. (Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc.
n. 8. xvii.) Philadelphia, 1 1893. 4to.

India. Botanical Survey. Report, 1898-99. [Simla], 1899.
fol

Irmisch, Thilo. Zur Morphologie der monokotylischen Knollen-
und Zwiebelgewächse. Berlin, 1850. 8vo.

Jackson, Robert Tracy. Localised stages in development in
plants and animals. (Mem. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. v.) Boston,
1899. dto.

Jaczewski, ghee Louis. Monographie du genre Spheronema
oras (Nouv. Mém. Soc. Imp. Nat. Mosc. xv.) Moscou, 1898.
to.

Jaederholm, Elof. Anatomiska Studier öfver sydamerikanska
Peperomier. Upsala, 1898. 8vo.

Jahn, E. Comatricha obtusata. See Schwendener, S. Fest-
schrift. 1899.

Jeffrey, Edward C. The development, structure, and affinities
o B t

f the genus Equisetum. (Mem. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. v.)
Boston, 1899. 4to.

(Johnson, Thomas.) The sources of Rubber. [Dublin, 1899.] 4to.

Johnson, Thomas, & R. Hensman. A list of Irish Compares:
(Scient. Proc. Roy. Dubl. Soc. ix.) [Dublin], 1899. 8vo

Karsten, Georg. Die Diatomeen der Kieler Bucht. (Wiss.
Me rer Abtheilung Kiel. Neue Folge. Bd. 4.)
Kiel, 1899. 4to

Kerner von Marilaun, Anton. cod Antheil Oesterreichs an der
` naturwissenschaftlichen Erforschung Amerikas. (Mittheilung.
k.-k. Geogr. Gesellsch. Wien. 1893.) Win, 1893. 8vo.

—— Ueber das Vorkommen der Manna-Flechte (Lecanor
culenta) in Griechenland. (Akad. Anzeig. Wien, 1806).
: Dies, 1896.] 8 3

67

Kerner von Marilaun, Anton. Beitrag zur Flora von Ostafrika.
(Sitz. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien, 1897.) [Wien, 1897.] 8vo.

—— Schede ad floram exsiecatam austro-hungaricam vi.—vii.
Auctore A. KERNER. viii. Auctore C. FRITSCH. Vindobone,
1893-99. $8vo. :

Klebahn, Heinrich. Befruchtung von Sphaeroplea annulina.
See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899.

Knoch, Eduard. Untersuchungen über die Morphologie
jw Blüte von Victoria regia. See Bibliotheca Botanica, Heft 41.

Knuth, Paul Erich Otto Wilhelm. Handbuch der Blütenbiologie.
Léped, 1898-09. 3 vols. 8vo.

Kolkwitz, Richard. Chlorophyllbinder von Spirogyra. See
Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899.

Korshinsky, S. J. Tentamen Flore Rossis Orientalis, etc. (Mém.
Tons Imp. Se. St. Pétersbourg, VIII. vii.) St. Pétersbourg, 1898.

Krafft, Guido. Illustriertes re Lexikon. Dritte,
neubearbeitete Auflage. Berlin, 1900 [18 8vo.

Kratz, Carl. Pflanzenheilverfahren. (1). Kritische Beiträge.
(2). Praxis der Krüuterkuren. (3). Geschichte der Krüuterkuren.
Berlin, 1897-98. 3 vols. 8vo.

Krause, Ernst H. L. Nova Meri Ruborum Germaniae et
Virginiae. Pars 1. Saarlouis, 1899. 4to

Krueger, Wilhelm. Das Zuckerrohr und seine Kultur, etc.
Magdeburg & Wien, 1899. 8vo.

Kuckuck, Paul. Ueber Polymorphie bei einigen Phzosporeen.
See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899.

Lamarck, Jean Baptiste Antoine Pierre Monnet, Chevalier de.
See Clos, D.

La Quintinye, Jean de. The compleat Gard'ner, etc., made
English by JOHN EVELYN. London, 1693. sm. fol.

Laurence, John. A new system of Agriculture being a complete
body of Husbandry and Gardening, ete. London, 172€. fol.
ecomte Henri. Les arbres à

L gutta-percha. Leur culture.
Paris, 1899. 8vo

8 —— Le café, Caliaie manipulation, production. Paris, 1899,
vo. : : = =

68

Legré, Ludovic. La Botanique en Provence au XVIe. siècle.
--HUGUES DE SOLIER. Marseille, 1899. 8vo

Leitgeb, Hubert. Zur Kenntniss des Wachsthumes von Fissi-
dens. (Sitz. k. Akad. Wiss. Wein. lix.) (Wien, 1874.) 8vo.

s Wachsthum von ex (Mittheil. Naturwiss.
Ver. 1 18) Graz, 1874. 8vo

Le Jolis, Auguste. Deux points de nomenclature.— Ranu
culus acer.—Sonchus oleraceus. (Mém. Soc. Sc. Cherb. ck)
(Cherbourg, 1899.) 8vo.

Lemstróm, Selim. Experiments on the influence of electricity
on growing vegetables ur plants. (Electrical Review, 1898.)
[London, 1898 ?]. 4to.

T CERIS Gustav. Gyrophora. See Schwendener, S. Festschrift.

Linden, Jean Jules. Hortus lindenianus. Recueil icono-
graphique des plantes nouvelles introduites par l'établissement de
J. L. Bruxelles, 1859. 8vo.

un John. An introduction to the natural system of
otany. First American Dg es with an appendix by JOHN
TORREY. New York, 1831. 8vo

— — Ladies’ Botany ; or, a familiar introduction to the Study
-Ai the natural system of Botany. New edition. London, 1841.

Linné, de von. Genera plantarum, etc. Ed. 6. Holmie,
1764. Svo

s de an Curtis Gates. Mycological notes. n. 1-3 [Cincinnati,
]

London. Greater Bram Exhibition, Earl’s Court, 1899. Queens-
land Conrt. See Bailey, F. M.

Lorentz, Paul Guenther. Moosstudien. Herausg. von P. G. L.
Leipzig, 1864. 4to. :

Lorenz von Liburnau (sen.), Joseph, Ritter. Eine fossile Halimeda
aus dem Flysch von Muntigl (monticulus) t bei Salzburg. (Sitz.
k. Akad. Wiss. Wien. evi.) Wein, 1897. 8vo

Lotsy,J.P. See Mededeelingen von de Laboratoria der Gouverne-
ment's Kinaonderneming. $ iii.

Loudon, Jane Wells. The ladies" companion to the flower-garden,
Ed, 6. einge 1853. 8vo

69

e d John Claudius. The suburban Horticulturist. London,
8

Luehmann, J. George. A short dichotomous key to the hitherto
known species of Eucalyptus. (Austral. Assoc. Adv. Sc., Sydney,
1898.) (Sydney, 1898.) 8vo.

Lundstrém, Axel Nikolaus. Frin Svenska Barrskogar. For-
klaringar och Bilder till Sagverks—och ee nn
utställning i Stockholm, 1897. Utgivna af A. N. Sto
holm, 1897. 8vo.

Macer Floridus, Aemilius. be virtutibus herbarum noviter
inventus ac impressus. Colophon. De virtutibus herbarum &
qualitatibus speciebus finit eier, Venetiis impressus per
Bernardinu Venetum de Vitalibus. Anno Domini, 1506. to.

Macfarlane, John Muirhead. A short history of the garden [of
the University of Pennsylvania]. Philadelphia, 1899. 8vo.

MacMillan, Conway. Minnesota plantlife. (Geol. & Nat. Hist.
Surv. , Report. Bot. Series, iii.) Saint Paul, Minn., 1899. 8vo

Macoun, James Melville. Notes on some Ottawa violets. (The
Ottawa Naturalist, xii.) (Ottawa, 1899.) 8vo.

— "The cryptogamic Flora of Ottawa. (The Ottawa Naturalist,
TENE (Ottawa, 1897-98.) 8vo.
Macoun, W. T. Orchard and forest tree culture. Evidence of
before the select standing Committee on
Agriculture and Colonization. Ottawa, 1899. Svo.

[MacOwan, Peter] Report of the Government Botanist and
Curator of the Cape Government Herbarium for the year 1898.
Cape Town, 1899. 8vo.

Makino, Tomitaró. Phanerogame et Pteridophyte Japonicse
iconibus illustrate. 1899. Tokyo, 1899. 8vo.

Margerie, Emm. de. See Hovelacque, M.

(Markham, Gervase.] Markham's — to iens or, the
enriching of all sorts of barren unds in our king-
dome, etc. London, 1649. 8vo.

Marloth, Rudolf. Die Blattscheiden von Watsonia Meriana.
See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899.

Marshall Edward Shearburn. See Hanbury, F. J., & E. S. M.
Massart, J sert. (Extension de l'Univ. libre. de
Bruxelles, 1898-00. ) l“ pruxelles, eg oro,

wmm E US

TO

Massart, Jean. La dissémination des plantes alpines. (Bull.
Soc. Roy. Bot. Belge, xxxvii.) Gand, 1898. Svo.

—— Sur des fleurs bicalearées de Corydalis solida. (Mém.
Soc. Beles di Microscopie.) [Bruxelles, 1899 ?] 8vo

Massee, George Edward. A text-book of plant diseases caused
by cryptogamic parasites. London, 1899. 8vo.

Matsumura, Jingo, & Manabu Miyoshi. Cryptogama Japonics
iconibus illustrates, 1839. Tokyo, 1899. 8vo.

Mattirolo, Oreste. L’opera botanica di Ulisse ALDROVANDI.
Bologna, 1897. 8vo

—— Enumeratio seminum in R. Horto Botanico Florentino
anno 1898 denn accedunt nonnullae plantarum sinensium
novarum diagnoses auctore E. BARONI. Florentiae, 1898. Svo.

—— [Illustrazione del primo volume dell’ Erbario di ULISSE
ALDROVANDI. Genova, 1899. 8vo

Measures, Robert Herbert. Collection of Cypripediums [at]
“The Woodlands,” Streatham. (London), 1893. Oblong 24mo.
Another edition. (London), 1899. Oblong 24mo.

Meehan, Thomas. Pinus pungens ; the Table Mountain pine.
ee Rep. Penn. Fruit Growers’ Soc. 1877.) Harrisburg, 1879.

——— Investigations in the bark of trees. (Common wealth of
Pennsylvania. Dep. Agric. Bull.n. 29.) [Harrisburg], 1897. 8vo.

Minden, Max von. Beiträge zur anatomischen und physic-
logischen. Kenntnis Wasser-secernierender Organe. See Bib-
liotheca Dotunios, Heft 46. 1899.

Miyoshi, M. See Matsumura, J. & M. M.

Moebius, Martin. Bewegungsorgane an Blattstielen. See
Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899.

. Molendo, Ludwig. See Lorentz, P. G. Moosstudien, 1864.

Moore, Spencer Le Marchant. See Warren, J. B. L. Flora of
Cheshire.

Murray, Johann Andreas. Apparatus medicaminum tam simpli-
cium quam praeparatorum et compositorum in praxeos adjumen-
tum consideratus. Editio altera. Curante LUDWIG CRISTOPH
ALTHOF. Goettingae, 1784-94. 6 vols. 8vo.

eumy, Richard Paget. The flora of Somerset. Taunton, > _ ert

. 8vo
x ar | | bec iras E os s

11

Nelson, Elias. Revision of the Western North American
Phloxes. Laramie, 1899. 8vo

Newton, Edwin Tulley, & J.J. H. Teall. Notes on a collection
of rocks and fossils from Franz Josef Land, made by the Jackson-
Harmsworth expedition ird 2 ~ (Quart. Journ. Geol.
Soc. 1897.) [London, 1897.] ——— Additional notes.
(Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. 1898.) (Ib. 1898 8vo

Nicol, Walter. The Scotch forcing and kitchen Gardener; being
a second edition . . . of the Scotch forcing Gardener. Edin-
burgh, 1798. 8vo.

Nylander, William. Life. See Arnold, F. C. G.

Obach, Eugene Frederick Augustus. Die Guttapercha. Mit
einem Vor wort von K. SCHUMANN. Dresden-Blasewitz, 1899.

Oosten, Henry van. The Dutch Gardener: or, the compleat
Florist. Ed.2. London, 1711. 8v5.

Ormerod, Eleanor A. Handbook of insects injurious to orchard
and bush fruits with means of prevention and remedy. London,
1898. 8vo.

Report of observations of injuriousinsects . . . during
the voi year 1893. London, 1899. 8vo.

See Tegetmeier, W.B.

Ortega, Casimiro Gomez. Tablas — en que se explican
sumariamente las clases de plantas que trae TOURNE-
FORT en sus Instiiudfonon. Madrid, 1783. un 8vo

rtega, Casimiro Gomez, & Antonio Palau y Verdera. Curso

Ort
elemental de Botánica, dispuesto para la enseñanza del real jardin
botánico de Madrid. Madri d, 1785. 2 vols. sm. 8vo

und registern. Colophon: Getruckt und Pycha

ehen | : durch Joannem Priiss buchtrucker zum
Thiergarten | Burger zu Strassburg. Geendet uff sant Johannis
enthauptung tage | In de jare da man zalt n ic geburt

| J
Christi | Tusent fiinf hundert und syben. Sm.

errata Auguste & Desiré Bois. Le potager d'un curieux.
istoi de 200 p ees oe peu eonnues ou
emen Ed. 2. Paris, i

Palau y Verdera, A. See Ortega, C. G. & A. Palau y Verdera. -
Palibin,Ivan. Plantae Sinico-Mongolicae in itinere chinganensi |

anno 1891 collectae. (Acta Horti Petrop. xiv) (Peiropoli
| Sox | :

12

Palibin, Ivan. Conspectus Florae Koreae. Pars prima. (Acta
Horti Petrop. xvii.) Petropoli, 1898. 8vo

Paxton, Sir J oseph. Paxton’s botanical Dictionary of
all plants known in Britain. Revised and corrected by SAMUEL
HEREMAN. London, (1868). 8vo.

Peach. A treatise upon the culture of peach trees. (Translated
from the French.) London, 1768. 8vo.

Pearson, William Henry. The Hepaticae of the British Isles.
Parts 1-2. London, 1899. 8vo

Penhallow, David Pearce. See Dawson, Sir J. W. & D. P. P.

Plemper van Balen, B. A. Iets over geleidelijke Vervorming
bij Planten en Bloemen. (Wageningen, 1899.) 8vo.

Pospichal, Eduard. Flora des oesterreichischen Küstenlandes.
Bd. ii. Leipzig und Wien, 1898-99. 8vo.

Potonié, Henry. Lehrbuch der Pflanzenpalaeontologie, etc.
Berlin, 1897-99. 8vo

Prag. Kräl’s Bacteriologisches Laboratorium. Der gegen-
würtige Bestand der Kral’schen Summlung von Mikroorganismen.
October, 1899. Prag, (1899). 8vo.

Pratesi, Pietro. Tavole di botanica elementare. [Pavia], 1804.

0.

Queensland. Department of Agriculture. Catalogue of wheats
grown at State Farm, Hermitage, during season of 1898. Brisbane,
99. 8vo

Queensland Guide. See Rutlidge, C. 8.

Radde, Gustav. See Engler, A., & O. Drude. Die Vegetation der
Erde. iii.

Raunkier, Christen. De danske Blomsterplanters Naturhistorie.
Fórste Bind. Enkimbladede. For stérste delen tegnede af I.
RAUNKLER og C. R. Kjöbenhavn, 1895- 99. 8vo.

Reiche, Carlos. Flora de Chile. Entrega 3-4. Santiago de
Chile, 1897-98. 8vo.

Reichenbach, Heinrich Gustav. See Fischer, G. A. 1884. $2.
„Reid, Clement. The Origin of the British Flora. London, 1899.

Reid, John. The Boobs Gardner XR is unid i

= the Gard'n ners Calender. Ue c Eüiiburgh, 1721

13

Reinhardt, M. a Tol Studien. See Schwendener,
S. Festschrift. 1899

inke, Johannes. Gedanken über das Wesen der Organisation.
(Bieloriseh. Centralbl. xix.) Leipzig, 1899. 8vo

Rendle, Alfred Barton. Catalogue of the African plants col-
lected by F. WELWITSCH in 1853-61. ii. Part 1. (Monocotyledons
and Gymnosperms). London, 1899. 8vo.

Richter, Karl. Plant» Europe. Emendavit ediditque M.
GUERKE. Tomus ii. Fasc. 2. Leipzig, 1899. 8vo.

Rilliet, Albert. Rapport du président de la Société de Physique
td Histoire naturelle de Genéve. (Mém. Soc. Phy. Gen. xxxiii.)
cs 1899. Ato.

ey drigues, Joáo Barbosa. Palmae novae paraguayenses, etc.
o de Janeiro, 1899. 4to.

Rolland, Eugène. Flore populaire, etc. ii, Paris, 1899. 8vo.
Rostowzew, S. J. Botanicheski Sad pri moskovskom sel'
istvennom Institut. Der botanische Garten bei dem

skokhozy
land wirthschaftlichen Institut zu Moskau. Moskau, 1899. 8vo

Rouy, Georges, & Julien Foucaud. Flore de France, etc., Con-
tinuée par G. Rouy. Tome v. Asnières et Paris, 1899. 8vo.

se idi Giuseppe M. en delle piante coltivate nell'
I. R. Orto Botanico in Vene : Supplimento primo al
catalogo 1847. [ Venezia, 1847. 3 8vo

T e veo Charles Schaefer. Guide to Queensland. London,
9]. 8vo

Saccardo, Pier Andrea. Francesco AMBROSI. Cenni biografici.
(Bull. Soc. Ven. Trent. Sc. Nat. vi.) Padova, 1898. 8vo.

Sahut, Félix. Charles NAUDIN. Notice séeoiegiqué et
biographique. Montpellier, 1899. 8vo.

—— Un épisode rétrospectif à propos de la découverte du
P hyllozéra. Montpellier, 1899. 8vo.

Sargent, Charles Sprague. The Silva of North America. Vol. xii.
Boston and New York, 1898. 4to.

Schellenberg, H. C. Entwickelungsgeschichte des Stammes von
Aristolochia sipho. See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899. ?

Schinz, Hans. Die morphologish biologische Anlage und das

System des botanischen Gartens in Zürich. 189. Zürich, 1899. e

74

Schinz, Hans. Der botanische Garten und das botanische
Museum der Universität Zürich im Jahre 1898, und Verzeichnis
as Tausch abgebbarer Pflanzen, ete. 1898-99. Zürich, 1899.
vo.

—— Mitteilungen aus dem botanischen Museum der Universität
ürich. von H. S. viii. (Bull. Herb. Boiss. vii.)
eee 1899. 8vo
Schlechtendal, Diedrich Franz Leonard von. See Guimpel, F.

Sehleichert, F. PME OR Experimente im Winter.
(Naturwiss. Wochenschr: [1899 ?]. Berlin, 1899. 8vo.

Schrader, ser — De Asperifoliis Linnei commentatio.
Gottingae, 1820.

Schreiber, Paul. Die Einwirkung des Waldes auf Klima und
Witterung. Dresden, 1899. 8vo.

Schueck, J. H. E. Resp. See Fries, Th. M. 1898.

Behulz, August. Grundzüge einer Entwicklungsgeschichte der
Pflanzenwelt Mitteleuropas seit dem Ausgange der Tertiärzeit.
Jena, 1894. 8vo.

Schulze, Max. Die Orchidaceen Deutschlands, Deutsch-Oester-
reichs und der Schweiz. Gera-Untermhaus, [1892]-94. 8vo.

nun Karl. Morphologische Studien. Heft 2. Leipzig,
99. 8

—— Die Verbreitung der Cactaceae im Verhältniss zu ihrer
asilconatiaclien Gliederung. (Abhandl. k. Preuss. Akad. Wiss.
Be rlin. Anhang, 1899.) Berlin, 1899. 4to.

Die epiphytischen Kakteen. See Schwendener, S. Fest-
schrift, 1899.

Schwendener, Simon. Botanische Untersuchungen zum 10
Februar 1899 daten Festschrift. By various authors. |
Berlin, 1899. 8vo

Scoffern, J. Outlines of Botany. London, [s. a.] 8vo.
Sébire, A. Les plantes utiles du Sénégal. Paris, 1899. 8vo.
ard, Albert Charles. Notes on the Binney collection of
Coal mensure plants. (Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc. x.) [Cambridge,
9] 8v

Sexby, John James. The municipal pota menm. and open
spaces of London. London, 1898. 8vo

Es Shirley, John. Intervationel pan IURE of ss literature, a
7 Rue ensland volume, Brisbane, 1899. 8vo.

15
Smith, John Donnell. See Durand, Th., & H. Pittier.

Solereder, Hans. P e Anatomie der Dicotyledonen.
Bauen. 1599. [1898-99]. 8vo

Solomon Islands, British. Report for 1898-99. (Col. Rep.—
Ann. n. 275.) London, 1899. o.

Sowerby, James. Flora luxurians; or the Florist's delight.
n. 1-3. (all published). London, (1789-91). fol.

Sprecchis, Pompejus. Antabsinthium Clavenae, idest quo
Absinthium Umbelliferum in Monte Seruae Belluni, et aliis
Italiae montibus ortum sit idem cum Absinthio alpino umbellifero
Caroli Clusii, Venetiis, 1611. sm. 4to.

Steinbrinck, C. Ueber den hygroskopischen Mechanismus von
Staubbeuteln. See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899.

i Stockholm. Forestry Exhibition, etc. See Lundstrém, A. N.
897.

Strasburger, Eduard. Handbook of practical botany, for the
botanical laboratory and private student. en from the
German by W. HILLHOUSE. London, 1887.

—— Histologische Beiträge, etc. Heft. V. Jena, 1893.
Heft V VI. Ib. 1900 [1899]. 8vo.

Stuckert, Teodóro. Una Leguminosa nueva [Prosopis Barba-
tigridis | de la Flora —— (Com. Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires, i.).
[Buenos Aires, 1899.] 8vo

Swartz, Olof. Genera et Species Orchidearum systematice
coordinatarum (Schrad. Neues Journ.i.) [Erfurtiae.] 1805.

Sydow, ees Deutscher Botaniker-Kalender für 1599. Berlin,
[1898]. 12m

Taylor, Joseph. Nature the best physician; or, a pp
domestic herbal. London, 1818. 12mo. :

Teall, J. J. Harris. See Newton, E. T., & J. J. H. T.

Tegetmeier, William B. The house sparrow, ete. With an
appendix by E. A. ORMEROD. London, 1899. 8vo. :

Thoms, Hermann. Einführung in die praktische Nahrungs-
mittelehemie. Mit einem Anhange botanisch-mikroskopischer
Teil von E. GILG. Leipzig, 1899. 8vo.

Tiflis: Botanic Garden. Trudui p botanicheskago 5 :

© soda, iii. Tiflis, 1899. 8vo. ——
ens John. Seo Lindley, John.

16

Trowell, Samuel. A new treatise of Husbandry, Gardening, and
ed curious matters relating to country affairs. London, 1739.

Tschirch, Alexander. Harzbildung bei den Pflanzen. See
Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899.

Tubeuf, Karl, Freiherr von. Pflanzenkrankheiten durch krypto-
game Parasiten verursacht. Berlin, 1895. 8vo

United States. Department of Agriculture. Report n. 59.
Curing and fermentation of cigar leaf tobacco by OSCAR LOEW.
Washington, 1899. Svo.

Valco — de. Résumé de trente années d'observations
e rum Cannes. Tours, 1898. Svo.

Vanhoeffen, C. Botanische Ergebnisse der Grónlandsexpedi-
tion Pena hdon. See Bibliotheca Botanica, Heft 42. 1897.

Varro, Marcus Terentius. See Cato, M. P., & M. T. V.

Vegetable Substances used for the food of man. London, 1846.
vols. 12mo. [Based on the work so named which was published
in the “ Library of Entertaining Knowledge."]

Virchow, Rudolf. The Huxley lecture on recent advances in
Science and their bearing on Medicine and Surgery. (Brit. Med.
Journ. 1898.) London, 1898. 8vo.

Voechting, Hermann. Ueber Bliithen-Anomalien. (Jahrb.
wiss. Bot. xxxi.) Berlin, 1898. 8vo.

ur Physiologie der Knollengewüchse. (Jahrb. wiss.
Bot. x3 aes Leipzig, 1899. 8vo.

Volkens, Georg. Bestäubung einiger Loranthaceen. See
Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 1899.

Wallis, John. ore : a which are fact
„Strating that tre . . derive their notstiaent independently
of the earth, eie. Laois. 1833.

Ward, R. Halsted. Plant organisation. A review of the struc-
ture and m orphology of = s by the written method. Ed. 2.
Boston i m ], 1890. 4to,

en Johannes Eugen Bülow. Familien Podostemacex
189 . RER (Vidensk. Selsk. Skr. ix.) Kjöbenhavn,
9. 4to

Warren, John Byrne Leicester, 3rd Baron de Tabley. The Flora
of Cheshire. Edited by S. LE M. MOORE, with a biographical.

=~ notice of the author by. SIR MOUNTETUART GRANT bvrr.

m 1899. _ 8vo

77

Weiss, Frederick Ernest. Life. karua ín Ann. Rep. Manch.
Mier. Soc. 1898.) [Manchester, 1899.]

Weisse, Arthur. Entwickelungsgeschichte der Onagraceen-
Blüthe. See Schwendener, 8. Festschrift. 1899.

Wendland, Johann M gener Hortus nn seu plantae
rariores quae in horto regio Herrenhusano . . coluntur.
Fasc. 1-4. Eco 1798-1801. fol.

Westermaier, Max. Spaltöffnungen und ihre nebenapparate.
See Schwendener, S. Festschrift. 99.

[Weston, Richard.) Tracts on practical Agriculture and
Gardening. London, 1769.—Ed. 2, ib., 1773.

Wettstein von Westersheim, Richard, Ritter von. Der botanische
Garte n und das botanische Institut der k.-k. deutschen Univer-
sität in Prag. (Oesterr. Bot. Zeitschr. 1899.) Wien, 1899. 8vo.

Die Lehrkanzel für systematische Botanik an der
kd. d. deutschen Universität in Prag. Prag, 1899. 8vo.

Whately, Thomas. Observations on modern Gardening illus-
trated by descriptions. Ed.4. London, 1777. 8vo.

Wille, N. Ueber die Wanderung der Anorganischen Nührstoffe
bei den Laminariaceen. See Schwendener, 8. Festschrift. 1899.

Wishart, John. The Botanist's Vade-mecum : being a synopsis
ofthe divisions . . of the Vegetable Kingdom. Edinburgh,
(1898). sm. 8vo.

Withers, W. A letter to Sir Walter SCOTT, Bart., expos
certain PR ETE errors in his late essay on irap tri
London, 1828. 8vo.

Wittmack, Louis. Die Wiesen auf den Moordämmen in der
Kénigl. Oberförsterei Zehdenick. Vierter bis neunter Bericht.
(Landw. Jahrb. 1894-99.) Berlin, 1824-99. 8vo.

Woenig, Franz. Die Pusztenflora der grossen ungarischen
Tiefebene. Nach des Verfassers Tode herausgegeben von
E. S. ZUERN. Leipzig, 1899. vo.

Wood, Horatio C. A contribution to the History of the fresh-
water Àlge of North America. (Smithsonian Contributions to
ne 241.) [Washington, D.C. ] 1872. 4to.

Wood, John Medley, & Maurice S. Evans. Natal plants.
Descriptions and f qus indigenous plants, with notes on
ptions and figures o one: 99. “Ho.

i * ‘their —n ete. Vol. i

18

Yates, James. Textrinum antiquorum : an account of the art of
une among the ancients. Part1. (All published.) London,
3. Gvo.

Zopf, Wilhelm. Untersuchungen über die durch p
Pilze hervorgerufenen Krankheiten der Flechten. (Nov.
Nat. Cur., lxx.) Halle, 1897-98. 4to.

$ 2.—TRAVELS.
Battye, A. Trevor-. See Trevor-Battye, A.

Burton, Sir Richard Francis. Account of the ascent of the
Cameroons mountain. [London,1862.] fol.

Conway, Sir William Martin. The Alps from end to end.
Westminster, 1895. 8vo

Crawfurd, John. Journal of an Embassy from the Governor-
General of India to the Courts of Siam and Cochin China, etc.
Ed. 2. London, 1830. 2 vols. 8vo.

Fischer, Gustav Adolf. Bericht über die im Auftrage der geo-
graphischen Gesellschaft in Hamburg unternommene Reise in es
Masai-Land. Bericht über G. A. FISCHER’ 8 Herbarium von H. G
REICHENBACH. (Mitth. Geogr. Ges. Hamb.) (Hamburg, 1884.]

vo.

FitzGerald, Edward A. Climbs in the New Zealand Alps. "APR
contributions by SIR MARTIN Conway, T. G. BONNEY, & C. L. '
BARROW. London, 1896. 8vo

—— See Gosse, P. H. $1.

Johnston, Charles. Travels in Southern Abyssinia, through the
conntry of Adal to the kingdom of Shoa. London, 1844. 2 vols.

Jordan, W. See Rohlfs, G. 1876.

Jouan, Henri. Notes sur l'Archipel Hawaiien (Iles Sandwich).
(Mém. Soc. Sc. Cherb. xvii.) Cherbourg, 1892. 8vo.

Krieger, Maximilian. Neu-Guinea, mit Beiträgen von A.
oe VON DANCKELMAN, F. VON LUSCHAN, P. MATSCHIE

d O. WARBURG. (Bibliothek d. Länderkunde, Bd. v-vi.)
Berlin, (1899). 8vo.

Me. Maiden, Joseph Henry. Mount Seaview and the way thither.
i es Gaz. N. S. Wales, 1898.) ange 1898. 8vo. —

19

Markham, Sir Clements Robert. Antartic exploration: a plea
fora national expedition. London, 1893. Svo.

Massart, Jean. Un voyage botanique au Sahara. (Bull. Soc.
Roy. Bot. Belg. xxxvii) Gand, 1898. Svo.

Michaux, André. Journal of A. M., 1787-1796. With an intro-
duetion and notes by C. S. SAR RGENT. (Proc. Amer. Phil. Se
xxvi.) [rm 1889 ?] 8vo.

Mueller, Karl. Das Buch der Pflanzen welt. Botanische Reise
um die Welt. Leipzig, 1857. 2 vols.

Nansen, Fridtjof. Farthest North, being the record of a voyage
of exploration of the ship Fram, 1893- 96, ete. Westminster, 1897.
2 vols. 8vo.

Niederlein, Gustavo. The Republic of Guatemala. Philadelphia,
1898. 8vo.

Philippar, Francois. id age agronomique en Angleterre fait en
1829. Paris, 1830. 8vo
eun, Gerhard. hen tton zur Erforschung der libyschen ¥
1873-74 ausgeführt. Bd. ii. Physische,
Geographie und sinon bearbeitet von W. JORDAN. Cassel,
1876. 4to

Russell Frank. Explorations in the Far North. Iowa, 1898.
0.

Sargent, Charles Sprague. See Michaux, A.

Squier, Ephraim George. Travels in Central America, par-
ticularly in Nicaragua: with a description of its aboriginal monu-
ments, scenery and people, etc. New York, 1853. 2 vols. 8vo.

decet Aubyn. Ice-bound on Kolguev. Westminster,
1895. :

Warburg, Otto. See Krieger, M

$ 8. PERIODICALS.
Including the Publications of Societies.

Allgemeine botanische Zeiischrift : s herausg. von A
KNEUCKER. Beiheft. Karlsruhe, [1899]. 8vo.

Annales de Géographie. S"* Année. n. 41. Bibliographie de
be. Publiée ion we direction de L. RAVENEAU. Paris, » (18 > |

80

Berlin. Deutsche Land wirtschafts-Gesella2haft. Jahresbericht
des Sonderausschusses für Pflanzenschutz, 1898. Zusammen-
gestellt von B. FRANK und P. SORAUER. Berlin, 1899. 8vo.

Boletín de Agricultura, Mineria é Industrias publicado por la
Secretario de Fomento de la Repüblica Mexicana.
Ano viii. n. 6, 10, 11, 12. Mexico, 1899.

on tin de Agricultura ree Año 1. n. 1-2. San José
e Costa Rica, 1899. 8vo

Brussels. Academie royale de Belgique. Tables générales du
u des Bulletins. 3"* serie. ‘Tomes i-xxx. Bruxelles, 1898.
8v

Buitenzorg. 's Lands plantentuin. Bulletin de I’Iustitut
botanique. n. 1. Buitenzorg, 1893. 8vo.

Bulletin de l'Académie Internationale de Géographie botanique.
Eon of Le Monde des Plantes.) 1899. Le Mans, 1898.

Bulletin of erg Information. (Royal er bero
Additional Ser Selected papers from the Kew Bu
Vegetable Pibros: London, 1898. 8vo.; iii. be mes x
sl Library of the Royal "Botanic Gardens, Kew. Ib., 1899.

Calcutta. Asiatic Society of Bengal. Proceedings, 1865-98.
Calcutta, 1866-99. 8vo.

Cambridge, m. American Academy of Arts and
Sciences. Memoirs, New Series, ix-xii. Cambridge & Boston.
1867-98. 4to.

Germany. Gesellschaft deutscher Naturforscher und Aerzte.
Amtliche Berichte über die Sammlungen, Berlin, 1828. Berlin,
1829. 4to. Hamburg, 1830. Hamburg, 1331. Ato.

Hertford. Transactions of the Hertfordshire Natural reed
Society and Field Club (selected).' ix., 1897. Contains: JACKSON,
B. DAYDON, On some overlooked records of Hertfordshire Plants ;
ABBEY, h On the destruction of an elm-tree by Fungi at St. Albans;
, Notes on some plants collected in Hertfordshire by
Man rm M.—x., 1898-99. REID, C., The Paleolithic
deposits at Hitchin and their relation to the Glacial Epoch ;
ass hy ne parasitic flowering plants, etc. ; — do
Repo e Mycetozoa of the South Midlands for ;
1895-1898. a & Hertford, 1897-99. 8vo.

. International Sugar Journal. (Continuation of Sugar Cane) |
m Yet i. Manchester, 1899. 8vo. - . : | |

81

Jahresbericht über die Neuerungen und Leistungen auf dem
Gebiete des Pflanzenschutzes. Herausg. von M. HOLLRUNG. i.
Berlin, 1899. 8vo.

- Liege. Archives de l'Institut botanique de l'Université de
Liége. Vol.i. Bruxelles, 1897. 8vo.

Liverpool. Geographical Society. Transactions and seventh
annual report of the Council. Liverpool, 1899. 8vo.

London. Jenner Institute of Preventive Medicine. (Formerly
British Institute of Preventive Medicine.) "Transactions. Second
series. London, 1899. Svo.

en van de Laboratoria der Gouvernement’s Kina-
ondern . 1. De Localisatie van het Alcaloid in Cin-
chona, em; 20 gekleurde Platen door J. P. Lorsr.
Batavia, 1898. "Bee ` Plates to.

Naples. Società Africana d'Italia. Voto al R. Governo per
l'impianto dei giardini sperimentali . nell’ Eritrea. (Boll.
= Soc. Afric. d’Ital. xviii.) (Napoli, 1899.) 8vo

Palermo. R. Istituto botanico. Contribuzioni alla biologia -
vegetale edite da A. BORZI. Vol. i. Palermo & Torino, 1894.
Vol. ii. fasc. 3. Palermo, 1899. 8vo.

Pará. Boletim de museu paraoa de historia natural e ethno-
graphia. iii. Pará, 1894-98.

i Vivis Institut de France. Annuaire pour 1899. Paris, 1899.
0.

. Philadelphia. University of Pennsylvania. Contributions from
the Botanical Laboratory. Vol. i. n. 3. Philadelphia, 1897. 8vo.
Vol. ii.n.1. Ib. 1898. 8vo.

Rhodora. Journal of the New England Botanical Club. B. L.
RoBINSON, Editor-in-Chief. 1899. Boston and Providence,
1899. 0.

Singapore. Royal Asiatic Society. Journal of the Straits
Branch. Singapore, 1894-96, 1898-99. 8vo. [Nothing was pub-
lished in 1892-93.]

Stockholm. Meddelanden frän Stockholms Högskolas Botaniahn
Institut. Band i. 1898. (Stockholm), 1898. 8vo.

= Sugar Cane. Continued as International Sugar Journal, which
Bee, : : =

au o ë Ue pru. P E

82

Washington. Academy of Sciences. Proceedings. Washing-
ton, 1899. 8vo.

Watford. See Hertford.

$ 4.—MANUSOCRIPTS.

Theatrum] ar 0g 5 gine seu ape tere vivum. [Two
small folio, volumes of named, chiefly native, European Plants,
arranged sometime y eiie the eighteenth centai, after 1732.]

ROYAL GARDENS, KEW.

HULLETIN

OF

MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION,

APPENDIX IV.—1900.

LIST of the STAFFS of the ROYAL GARDENS, Kew, and
of Botanical Departments and Establishments at Home,
and in India and the Colonies, in Correspondence with
Kew.

* Trained at Kev. T Recommended by Kew.
Royal Gardens, Kew :—

Director - - «+ Sir W. T. Thiselton-Dyer,
KCMG, CLE, FRE,

Private Secretary - E - Stephen T. Dunn, BA,
erp ne Assistant (Office) Teds Burkill, M.A, F.L.S.
Assista 5 - *John Aikman.

- *William Nicholls Winn.

» 33

Keeper of Herbarium and Library *William Botting Hemsley,
L.S

Principal Assistant(Pl ) Otto Stapf, Ph.D., A.L.S.
(Cr ryptogams) - George Massee,
Assistant (Herbarium) - = Nicholas Edward Brown,

A.L.S.
*Robert Allen. Rolfe, A.L.S.
Charles Henry Wright, A.L.S.

ee ee
Eo. €

i » *Sidney Alfred Skan.

” » Thomas Archibald Sprague, -
Se.

» forIndia - =- - H. H.W. Pearson, M.A.

6171—1375—6/1900 Wt81 D&S 2 7 —

84

Honorary ga i. €— € Dukinfield Henry a

boratory - F.R.S., M.A., Ph.D., F.L.
Keeper of Museums - - - John Reader Jackson, A.L.S.
Assistant —À— - - - John Masters Hillier.
Preparer - - - - George Badderly.

Curator of the Gardens - - George Nicholson, F.L.S.
Assistant Curator - - - William Watson.

(Arboretum) - *William J. Bean.

,9 ”
Foremen :—

Herbaceous Department - - *Walter Irving.

Greenhouse and Ornamental Frank Garrett.
Department.

Temperate House - - - *William Dallimore.

Cambridge.—University Botanie Garden :—
Professor - - - Harry Marshall Ward,
Ir D.Sc., F.R.S.,

LS.
Secretary to Botanic D A. a Seward, M.A.,
Garden Syafii F.R.S.

Curator *Richard Irwin Lynch,
A.L.S.
Dublin.—Royal Botanie Gardens, Glasnevin :—
Keeper - E - Frederick W. Moore,
Trinity College Botanie Gardens :—
Professor - - - E. Perceval Wright,
Curator - - - *F, W. Burbidge, M.A.
F.L.S.
Edinburgh.—Royal Botanie Garden :—
Regius Keeper - - Isaac Bayley Balfour,
a}.
F.L.S.
Head Gardener - - A. D. Richardson.

Assistant Gardener - *R. L. Harrow.
Glasgow.—Botanie Gardens :—
University Professor - F. O. Bower, M.A.,
D.
Curator - - - *Daniel Dew:
Oxford.— University Botanie Garden :— E
Profesor - - - SydneyH. Vines, M.A., ee
D.Sc., F.R.S., de
Curator -- - - "William Baker. :

85

COLONIES.
ee Dian :—
t

- - - *W. N. Sands.
Barbados.—Dodd's Reformatory, Botanic Station
Superintendent - John R. Bovell, FLS,

Assistant Superinten- C. E. Stoute.
dent.
Lecturer in Agricultural tAlbert Howard, B.A.,
ience. i ECS >
Bermuda.—Botanic Statio
Su poristeadeni - TG. A. Bishop.

se nn ae — Scientific Department :—
of Dn J. MeClounie.

cse E *J. M. Purves.
British Guiana.—Botanic Gardens :—

Georgetown - Superintendentand ) + *
nei Bo- Eon S. Jenman,
tanist. qs

Head Garden - TJohn F. Waby.

Agricultural i ssiptont *Robert Ward.
Promenade Garden :—

Head Gardener - William Jackson.

Berbice - - Keeper - - - Richard Hunt.

British Honduras. —Botanic Station :—
Curator - - - Eugene Campbell.
Canada.—
Ottawa - - Dominion Botanist - Prof. John Macoun,
MA, FRSO
F.L.S.
Assistant ,, - Jas. M. Macoun
Director of Govern- Prof. Wm. Saunders,
ment (€ LED, FRSC
mental Far F.L.S.
—€— 8 Joke
Superin-
tendent of Bo- W. T. Maconn.
tanic Garde
Botanist aud Ento- James Fletcher, F.L.S.
mologist.

Montreal - - Director, University Prof. D. P. Penhallow,

Botanic Garden. B.Sc.

Cape Colony.—
Government Botanist Prof. MacOwan, F.L.S. -
Ceylon.—Department of Royal Botanic Gardens
Director - - - Ho a o. Willis, M.A.,
F

Mycologist and Assis- J. B. Carruthers,
tant Dire

een Messias: E. E. Green
logist.

86

Peradeniya - Curator - - - *Hugh McMillan.
Clerk - - - J. Ferdinandus.
Draughtsman - W. de Alwis.

Hakgala - - Superintendent - - *William Nock.

i Clerk and Foreman - A. Perera.

Henaratgoda - Conductor E - S. de Silva, Arachchi.

Anuradhapura ers, =, F. de SiNi

Badulla - - $ E E - D. D. Fernando.

Dominica.—Botanic Station :—
Curator - - - *Joseph Jones.
Agricultural Instruc- G. F. Branch.

or.
inci ons oe School :—
O rin Charge - *D. Tannock.

East AEn "c foc s Dotinie Station :—
Uga r - - TAlexander Whyte,
M.A., F.L.S.

Falkland — en — Garde
d Garden *Albert Psy
Federated ae Sol di ivatinane Plantations :—
Superintendent - *Stanley Arden.
Perak (Taiping). geo veroment ade and Plantations :—
perintendent - *Ro seri Derry.
Fiji.—Botanic naa :—
Curator - - - *Daniel Yeoward.
Gambia.—Botanic € :—
Cura

Gold Coast.—Botanic — :—
Cur: - *William H. Johnson.
visae i Ouratör - *T. W. Brown.

Grenada.—Botanic Garden :—
Curator - E - *Walter E. Broadway.

Hong Kong.—Botanic and Afforestation Department :—
Superintendent - - TCharles Ford, F.L.S.
ae Superinten- *W. J. Tut cher.

den

Sr of Public — and Plantations :—
Director - - TWilli: tt,

am Fawce
SEALS
Hope Gardens - Superintendent - - *William Cradwick.
Castleton Garden en - *William J. Thompson.
Cinchona (Hill s ; - *William Harris.
Garden).
Kingston Parade i - John Campbell.
Garden.

King's House - "Thomas J. Harris.

87

Bath- - -OOverseer - - - A. H. Groves.
Lecturer in Agricultural Science - TW. R. Buttenshaw,
M.A., B.Sc.

Lagos.—Botanic Station :—

urator - - - ——-
Assistant - - - *F. G. R. Leigh.
” ~ > - E B. Dawodu.
Malta. —Argotti Botanic Garden :—
Director - ; - Dr. Francesco Debono.

Mauritius.—Department of Forests and Botanic Gardens :—

Pamplemousses - Director - - «ida EE
Ist Assistant - - Paul Koe
9n s - - E Poulet.
Overseer - - - J. Powell.
Curepipe - - Overseer - > - F. Bijoux.
Reduit E E » - - - W. A. Kennedy.

Montserrat.—Botanic Station :—

Curator -- - - —
Agricultural Instruc- *A. J. Jordan.
tor.

N ~~ inae Gardens :—

Dur - - Curator - - - John Medley Wood,
Head Gardener - B * James Wylie.
Pietermaritzburg Curator - - - G. Mitchell.

New South Wales.—Botanic Gardens :—
Sydney - - Director and Govern- J. H. Maiden, F.L.S.
ment Botanist.
een - George Harwood.
tanical Assistant - E. Betche.

- Technological Museum :—
Curator - - - R. T. Baker, FLS.

New Zealand :—
Wellington.—Colonial Botanic Garden :—
Head Gardener - - G. Gibb.

Dunedin - - Superintendent - - J. McBean.
Napier - - W. Barton.
EN - Send Gardener - - Thomas Waugh.
Auckland - - Ranger - - William Goldie.

Christchurch - Head Be, - - *Ambrose Taylor.

88

Queensland.—Botanie Department :—

Brisbane - - Colonial Botanist - F.M. Bailey, F.LS.
Botanic Gardens :—
Curator - E E Eee MacMahon.
Overseer - - . Tobin.

Acclimatisation Society's Gardens :—
we we Manager c Grimley.
Overs Jam

s Mitchell.
Rockhampton - a > e JN Visa
St. Kitts-Nevis.—Botanic Station :—
Curator - - - *William Lunt.

St. Lucia.— Botanic Station :—

Curator - - - *John Chisnall Moore.
Agricultural Instruc- George S. Hudson.
tor.

St. a ee VE —

*Henry Powell.
Agricultura lista *M. McNeill.
or.

‘Sierra Leone.— Botanic Station :—

Curator - - - *Walter Haydon.
South Australia.—Botanie Gardens :—
Adelaide - - Director - E - Maurice Holtze, F.L.S.
Port Darwin - Curator - - - Nicholas Holtze.
Southern Nigeria.—Botanic Garden :—
Old Calabar - Curator E - *John H. Holland.
Assistant Curator - ————
Straits Settlements.—Gardens and Forest Department :—
Singapore - - Director - - pst N. Ridley, M.A.,
F.L.S.
Assistant Superinten- *Walter Fox.
dent.
Penang - - ee Superinten- tCharles Curtis, F.L.S
den
Tasmania.—Botanic Gardens :—
Hobart Town - Superintendent . - F. Abbott.
Tobago.—Botanie Station :—
Curator - - - *Henry Mites,

Cacao Instructor . W.C. Cai

Trinidad.—Royal Botanic Gardens :— |
Deere teen. - tJohn H. Hart, FLES — —
Assistant ,, = *W. Leslie. ee

89

Victoria.—Botanic Gardens :—

Melbourne - - Curator - - - W.R.Guilfoyle.
National Herbarium :—
Curator - - - J.G.Luehmann, F.L.S.
West Indies.—Imperial Department of Agriculture :—
Barbados - - Commissioner - - D. Morris, C.M.G..
c., M.A., F.L.S

D.S
Travelling Superin- G. W. Smith.
ndent.

Technical Assistant - W. er Freeman, B.Sc.,
L.S.

Entomologist - - TH. 1 Lefroy, B.A.
nz Consulting Prof. J. B. Harrison,
Chem M.A., F.I.C., F.C.S.
= 5 Prof. J. `P, Qu
que, M.A.,
F.C.S.
en u —Department of en —
- - Botanist Alexander Morrison.
Coumlung Bolanist - F. Turner, F.L.S
(Sydney).
Zanzibar.—
Director of Agricul- R. N. Lyne, F.L.S.
ture
Assistant Director -
Victoria Gardens :—
Curator - - - W. Buzzacctt.
INDIA.
Botanical Survey.—Director, Major D. Prain, M.B., LM.S.,
F.L.S., ERSE.

Bengal, Assam, Burma ; he Andamans and Nicobars ; North-
; Frontier Expedition
Superi Gnomon of
the Royal Botanic s sjon = Lae F. PIU
Gardens, Calcutta
Bombay, including Sind :—
Professor of Botany,
of} G. A. Gammie.
Science, Poona -
“Madras: the State of Hyderabad and the State of Mysore :—
Government Botanist, } FC. A. Barber, M.A.
M Fi FIO.

90

North-Western Provinces and Oudh ; the Punjab; the Central
Provinces ; Cent tral India ; Rajputana ; : Norih-West Frontier
Expeditions

Director of the Bo-
Me MSN UH P. Duis BA,
: F.L.S.
Saharanpur,
ZW. -J

Bengal :—
Reporter on Econo- }
mie Produets to | fGeorge Watt, M.B.,
the Government C.M., C.LE., F.L.S
of India, Indian

Museum, Calcutta J
Bengal.—Department of Royal Botanic Gardens :—
Calcutta Superintendent - Major D. Prain,
(Seebpore) M.B., I.M.S., FLS,
F.R.S.E.
uw of Ben { Lieutenant Gage, I.M.S.
bari
ee of Garden - - "G. T. Lane.
5 E. Gill.
Probationer - *H.F. Green.
Caleutta.—Agri-Horticultural Society of India :—
Secretary - - P.Laneaster.
Mungpoo - Superintendent, Go- | Major D. Prain,

ernmen Cin- M.B, 1.M.S., ELS,
chona Plantations \ F.R.S.E.
eputy a *R. Pantling.
Ist Assistant *Joseph Parkes.
Ad — . * Amos bius

ord » - *Georg

e H. Cav

4h . *Oliver m. Banker.
Darjeeling.—Lloyd Botanic Garden :—

Curator - - - *W. A. Kennedy.
Darbhangah.—Maharajah's Garden :—

Superintendent - Herbert Thorn.

Bombay.—

Poona - >

Professor of Botany G. A. Gammie.
Ghorpuri.—Botanic Garden :—

Superintendent - P. G. Kanitkar.
Bombay.—Municipal Garden :—

Superintendent - C. D. Mahaluxmivala.

ruie —Municipal Garden
siapetiutendüllk

|

9]
Central Provinces.—
Nagpur - - Superintendent of *J. Horne Stephen.
Public Gardens.

Madras.—Botanic Department :—

Ootacumund - Government Botanist tC. A. Barber, M.A.,
KLEA :
puedes: of Govern-
cce W. M. Standen.
Plantatio
Curator of. e *Robert L. Proudlock.
and Parks.
Madras.—Agri-Horticultural Society :—
Hon. Secretary - ~ A.: G. Bourne, D.Be,
Superintendent - -B Cavanagh.
Native States.—
Mysore (Bangalore) Superintendent - *J. Cameron, F.L.S.
Baroda - - » - *G. H. Krumbiegel.
Gwalior - - * - tC. Maries, F.L S.
Morvi - d - *Joseph Beck.
Travancore isivindrum) x - u
Udaipur : - » . TT. H. Storey.

—

North-West Provinces.—
Agra(Taj Garden) Superintendent - * A. E. P. Griessen.
d.

Allahabad - - 3 - *H. J. Davies.
Cawnpur - à - G. H. T. Mayer.
Kumaon indo! 7 - *F, W. Seers.
Lucknow - - = - *Matthew Ridley.
Saharanpur and
ranch Garden, n - William Gollan.
Mussoorie. |
Punjab.—
Lahore - - Superintendent - H. G. Hein.